代词指代

代词指代：代词在人称和数方面必须跟指代对象一致。

语法准备：1、人称代词

（1）要避免人称代词在性、数两方面的误用。

（2）人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格。

（3）在任何句子中，代词应跟它所指代的先行词在人称和数上取得一致。

TOM脾气老杯了，他姐姐却很友善。

Tom gets a mean streak, but his sister is quite friendly.

语法准备：2、物主代词

（1）分为形容词性和名词性两种，不要混用。

（2）物主代词的数也必须与它们指代名词的数一致。

Our school is here, and theirs is there.

语法准备：3、反身代词。在句子中作宾语、表语、同位语，但不能作主语，在使用时同样应与所指代词在数和人称上保持一致。在不强调的情况下，but, except, for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。

introduce myself

I am not myself today, because I have such a bad hangover from the drinking I did last night.

get tipsy微醉

The thing itself is not important.

I drove the car myself.

语法准备：4、相互代词：each other和one another两者的区别是：前者用于两者之间的比较，后者则用于两者以上的人或事物之间的相互关系。

小威跟蜜源深情对唱：Xiao wei and Mi yuan sing to each other soulfully.

咱lf的大家应该彼此相爱。We should love one another.

用another, other, the other, the others, 或者是one来填空。

（1）To know is one thing and to teach is (another ).One thing.....another表示两个事物完全不同

（2）If he is a fool, you are (another ) If he is a fool, you are a fool, too

（3）If these are no use, can you send me some (other )some like it; others dislike it.剩下的所有其他的

（4）They died one after ( another)one after another

（5）One succeeds while (another) fails.

(6)Give me the other coat, not this (other )

the others:相对“几个”中的一部分来说“剩下的所有其他的

Another：不特定的另一个

other可以表示“他人”，或和some用在一起

The other 两者中的一方是one，另一方是the other

语法准备：6、指示代词：主要用this thatthosethese 还有such，他们既可做代词又可做限定词。

疯狂的男人是小威：This crazy man is xiaowei.

语法准备：7、不定代词：every(-thing,-one,-body), some(-thing,-one, -body), any(-thing,-one, -body), no(-thing,-one, -body), no one, none, neither, both, all 等。

all的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定，all通常不跟不可数名词连用。

All goes well.

Everyone is here.

我们都不愿游手好闲得过一辈子.Neither of us wants to goof around all our lives.

neither… nor ....就近一致neither him nor you.....are

It is none of your business.

用some, any , one, ones和it填空

（1）Are there ( any ) more books? I've read all these old ( ones )

（2）I asked him for ( some ) money, but he hadn't ( any )

（3）So this is your house. It's a very pretty ( one ). When did you build ( it )?

（4）The shopkeeper says," we have ( some ) new shirts today. This brown ( one ) is quite nice."

Some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句。

劝诱、祈使would you like....？Would you like some coffer?

语法准备：8、关系代词：引导定语从句who(whose, whom),which, that

（1）关系代词的数和人称要和先行词一致，格取决于它在从句中充当的成分。

（2）who指人，that可指人也可指物，which指物

跟小威说话的人是蜜源：The person to whom xiaowei spoke is miyuan.

The person who kissed miyuan is xiaowei

小威送给蜜源的是枚戒指：The thing which xiaowei present miyuan is a ring

语法准备：9、连接代词：用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，连接代词有what, who, whom, whose, which

（1）What指物

（2）Who whom whose指人

（3）Which既可指物又可指人

It is clear enough what she meant.

Ask her which she wants.

What I want to know is which road we should take.

需要避免的三种错误：

（1）模糊指代：即一个代词可以指代其前面的两个或两个以上的指代对象，同时又很信决定该指代词指代的是哪一个。

（2）遥远指代：即代词与其指代对象应该尽可能靠近，不要离得太远。

（3）暗示指代：代词被用来批代一个用定语形式暗示的名词或一个根本就未在句中出现过的名词。

指出以下句子犯了哪种错误。

（1）she told my sister that she was wrong.

（2）As she was greatly influenced by her history teacher, she chose it as her major.

（3）He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not serious.

（4）In Dreiser's Sister Carrie, he describes a penniless girl's way to success.

从句先于主句出现时，从句的主语若为代词，它们应优先指代主句中的主语。

（4）As researchers continue to probe the highly expressive vocal and postural language of wolves, their close resemblance to dogs has become ever more striking.

（5）Plausible though it sounds, the weakness of the hypothesis is that it does not incorporate all relevant evidence.

从句先于主句出现时，从句的主语若为代词，它们应优先指代主句中的主语。

1. She heard a terrible noise ______ brought her heart into her mouth.

A. it

B. which

C. this

D. that

2. －Why don’t we take a little break?

－Didn’t we just have _______?

A. it

B. that

C. one

D. this

3.If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay ___$15.

A. another

B. other

C. more

D. each

4. Although he 's wealthy，he spends___ on clothes.

A. little

B. few

C. a little

D. a few

5. They were all tired, but _____ of them would stop to take a rest.

A. any

B. some

C. none

D. neither

6. Few pleasures can equal _____ of a cool drink on a hot day.

A. some

B. any

C. that

D. those

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一、选择题 1．I don’ t like the color of this shirt. Could you please give me one? A．the other B．others C．another D．other 2．I ate ______ at lunch because the food was terrible. A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 3．As volunteers, they should do ______to help the children in trouble. A．nothing B．anybody C．something D．somebody 4．—Who will send you to the new school, your mum or your dad? —__________, I’ll go there alone. A．Both B．Either C．None D．Neither 5．—Hi, Anna. Are these your sister’s pencils? —Oh, no. They’re not ______. A．her B．him C．hers D．his 6．—Hurry up! The bus is coming. —Wait a moment, please! Let me check if there’s ________ left. A．anything else B．important something C．other things 7．—Hi, Jack. Is this your dictionary? —No. is over there. It’s a present from my uncle. A．Mine B．Yours C．My D．Your 8．— Is there anything to drink in the fridge? — No, there is _____ left. A．all B．both C．neither D．none 9．-Whose CD is it? -Miss Lee always listens to music. It must be________. A．he B．she C．her D．hers 10．---Who was knocking at the door just now? ---______ was my cousin Andy. A．He B．She C．They D．It 11．His name is James but he calls ________Jim. A．his B．himself C．him D．不填12．—Hi. Jack. Our T-shirts are the same. —Yes, But ________ looks newer. A．his B．yours C．you D．him 13．A smile costs , but gives much, so always keep smiling! A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 14．I have tried several jackets, but _________ of them fits me well. A．both B．neither C．all D．none 15．Be careful and try to make mistakes next time. You will get a better grade.

英语语法--代词

英语语法——代词与数词 代词 一.概说 定义：代词(pronoun)是代替名词的词： 1.1代词在句子中的功用 1)和名词一样，可作主语、宾语和表语。b)有些代词和形容词一样，可作定语。如： I am reading The Arabian Nights.我在读《天方夜谭》。(作主语) This is John Smith speaking.(打电话用语)我是约翰?史密斯。(作主语) Can I help you?我能帮你的忙吗?(作宾语) That's all.我的话完了。(作表语) 2)His father is an eye-doctor.他父亲是个眼科医生。(作定语) All men are equal.所有的人都是平等的。(作定语) 3)格的变化有些代词有格的变化，如I 我(主格)，me我(宾格)，Who谁(主格)，whom谁(宾格)。某些代词有所有格，如whose谁的，other's别人的，somebody's某人的，one's一个人的。 4)单复数形式有些代词有单数和复数形式。少数代词的复数形式和名词的复数形式的变化规则相同，如one-ones，other-others。其他如人称代词、物主代词、自身代词和指示代词等，其复数形式与此不同，须个别记忆。 5)有或没有冠词代词之前一般不用冠词，只有少数例外。如：the other，the others，a few， a little等。 种类 1.2英语有下列几种代词： 1)人称代词(personal pronoun) a)主格：I，he，she，it，we，you，they. b)宾格：me，him，her，it，us，you，them. 2)物主代词(possessive pronoun)： a)形容词性物主代词：my，his，her，its；our，your，their. b)名词性物主代词：mine，his，hers，its，ours，yours，theirs. 3)自身代词(self-pronoun)：myself，yourself，himself，herself，itself，ourselves，yourselves，themselves，oneself. 4)相互代词(reciprocal pronoun)：each other，one another.

九年级英语代词知识点(大全)

九年级英语代词知识点(大全) 一、初中英语代词 1．Mary's answer is different from ________, but I really agree with ________. A. his; her B. his, hers C. him; hers D. him; her 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：玛丽的回答和他的不同，但我真的同意她。be different from，与……不同，因主语是Mary's answer，后面要用名词性物主代词his；agree with sb，赞同某人的观点或看法，主语是I，sb要用人称代词的宾格，her，故选A。 【点评】考查物主代词与人称代词的基本用法。 2．— It's very cold today. — Yes, the weather is much colder than ________ in my hometown. A. that B. one C. it 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——今天非常冷。——是的，天气比我家乡的天气冷许多。根据句意可知是今天的天气和家乡的天气比较，weather天气，不可数名词，所以用that代指不可数名词，故选A。 【点评】考查代词辨析，注意平时识记比较时用that代指不可数名词。 3．Our Chinese teacher likes to play football with _______________ after school. A. we B. our C. us D. ours 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我们的语文老师放学后喜欢和我们一起踢足球。A 我们，人称代词主格；B 我们的，形容词性物主代词；C 我们，人称代词宾格；D 我们的，名词性物主代词。play football with sb，与某人一起踢足球；当sb是人称代词时，要用宾格形式，故选C。 【点评】考查人称代词与物主代词的辨析。注意介词后面跟人称代词时要用宾格形式。 4．We just hope that Tom will bring _______________ good news back home this time. A. a few B. some C. many D. little 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我们只希望汤姆这次能带些好消息回家。A 一些，其后跟可数名词复数；B 一些，后跟可数名词复数或不可数；C 一些，很多，后跟可数名词复数；D 几乎没有，其后跟不可数名词。根据题干中的hope，可知此句表示肯定意义，且news是不可数名词，故选B。 【点评】考查不定代词的辨析。注意熟记不定代词的基本含义及用法。 5．The bird can't fly. _____ of its wings were hurt. A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither

代词指代题精讲

代词指代题精讲 题型综述 在片段阅读中还存在着这样一种题型，要求考生理解文中出现代词所指代的具体含义，这种题目我们称之为“代词指代题”。这种题目属于比较成熟的题型，在中央国家机关及地方省市公务员考试中时有考查，考查的载体可以是片段阅读，也可以是篇章阅读。通常提问的方式有：“上文中‘这，指的是”、“上文中‘此，指代的是”、“文中‘他们'是指”、“请问‘那些，指代的是”、“句中的后者，指的是”、“文中‘它'指代的是”等等。事实上这种题目的难度并不大，只要考生掌握了正确的答题方法就可以顺利作答。 代词指代题主要有指代临近原则与主语话题原则两种。 技法点晴 一、指代临近原则 指的是代词所指代的内容一般应该是在句法结构上和它靠近的词语。如“王刚写文章抨击小李，说他是个欺世盗名的小人。”这一句子中的“他”应该指代“小李”，因为“他”是指代人，句子中提到了两个人，一个是“王刚”，一个是“小李”，而“小李”离代词的句法位置比“王刚”要近得多，因此“他”优选指代“小李”。 二、主语话题原则 指的是句子中的代词一般来说和句子或者话题的所指相同，这一原则尤其在句群和篇章中更为适用。如：“老太太真的以为自己的房子要被拆了，急坏了的她立即赶到交道口办事处、规划局咨询，当她得到不拆的答复后，放心了”这里的几处“她”都指整个段落的话题“老太太”。 【精讲】由于代词词性功能的限制，所指代的通常为名词或名词性结构，根据指代临近原则和主语语题原则通常其指代的对角不会很远，因此考生在作答过和中只需瞻前顾后，考虑代词出现位置的前句和后句，考虑话题的一致性，考点，代词指代题中主要考查人称代词和指示代词的指代关系。 一、人称代词如“你、我、他、她、它、你们、我们、她们、它们、”指代的必然是人或动物，通常在句中做主语，因此在进行辩别时首先将指代事物的选项排除，指代人的优选，重点观察主语的内涵。 二、指示代词如“这、那、这些、此”等可能指人也可能指物，一般指物较多，不过也需要结合具体题目进行分析，以免造成误选。鉴于近年来中央国家机关及地方省市公务员考试的难度逐年增加，在代词指代题上出现了新的专利法，即将词语理解题与代词指代题相结合进行考查，提问的方式看似词语理解题，实则考查考生对于隐含代词指代的把握能力，因此考生在复习的过程中要注意将词语理解题与代词指代题相结合，把握这两种题型的共同之处，即临近原则，从而迅速有效地作答。进行分辩即可推出答案。根据公务员考试的例1、(2004年国考)尽管国际上对此存在很多争议，意大利文化部门还是决定用蒸馏水清洗米开朗基罗的旷世杰作——《大卫》雕像。这项工程的目的之一是除去这座高达4．5米的雕像上的尘土和油污。佛罗伦萨博物馆的负责人说：“这项工程并不是为了让雕像变得更好看。”意大利文化部长已经排除了干洗的可能性。 “国际上对此存在很多争议”的“此”指的是( )。 A．《大卫》雕像是米开朗基罗的旷世杰作 B．这项工程是为了让雕像变得更好看 C．决定用蒸馏水清洗《大卫》雕像 D．要除去这座高达4．5米的雕像上的尘土和油污 【答案】C

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。

初中英语代词知识点总结讲解

Grammar: 学习目标 1. 复习人称代词的主格、宾格； 2. 掌握形容词性、名词性物主代词的用法； 3. 掌握重点不定代词的用法； 精讲提升 (1)人称代词 ①人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格： He (主语) is a great writer. They all like him（宾语）very much. ②she可以用来代表国家，船只，大地，月亮等： China loves her people.

③在并列的主语中，I 总放在最后： Xiao Y u and I are good friends. (2)物主代词 ①形容词型的物主代词只能作定语，如：my brother. ②名词型的物主代词有充当名词的作用： Whose dictionary is this? ------ It’s mine. Ours is a big family. You may use my pen. I’ll use hers. (3) 反身代词 I can’t express (表达) myself in English. That poor boy was myself. 重要补充：①为了强调语气，表示“亲自”。如：He says he’ll do it himself. ②反身代词常和某些动词连用，如： I hope you’ll enjoy yourselves. 希望你们玩得开心。 Please help yourself to some fish. 请吃点鱼。 （4）不定代词 Some/any: ① some用于陈述句中；any用于疑问句和否定句。 ② same也用在“请求、建议、反问”等含义的疑问句中，以期待得 到对方肯定的回答。

代词指代

1、【阅读材料1】 有意境的艺术形象，必须是独创的艺术形象，▲它①能给读者带来一种新鲜、独特的美感。如王国维所说：“一切境界，无不为诗人设。世无诗人，即无此境界。……遂觉诗人之言，字字为了心中所欲言，而又非我之所能言。”这种独特性既来自内心世界的独特体验，有来自对外部世界的独特发现，▲它②体现着作家充分发展的个性的个体意识，因而绝不会与别人雷同。陶渊明笔下的意境常常离不开菊，▲它③是作者恬淡自然的胸襟的外化；李白笔下的意境往往是酒，它是作者化胸中块垒为不平之气的催化剂；苏轼笔下的意境，常常带月，表现出作者对理想世界的憧憬与追求；陆游笔下的意境时时有梅，显示着作者品格的高傲与纯洁。个人各式的意境各不相同，有“江流天地外，山色有无中”（王维《汉江临泛》）的朦胧，有“气蒸云梦泽，波撼岳阳城”（孟浩然《望洞庭湖赠张丞相》）的雄阔，有“无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来”（杜甫《登高》）的悲慨，有“春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡烛成灰泪始干”（李商隐《无题》）的缠绵等等。 意境是作家对自我、对生活的独特发现和创造，但是这种创造不是靠镂金错采，刻意雕琢得来的，更不能有丝毫的虚假和做作，▲这是在内容的真实和形式的自然二者结合的基础上所进行的独特创造。王国维在强调“真景物，真感情”的同时，提出意境的描写必须做到“不隔”。所谓“不隔”，就是真切自然，如王之涣《登鹳雀楼》，全诗写登楼所见和登楼者的心情十分真实，语言如行云流水，自然天成，所创造的意境深刻而独特，可谓千古绝唱。 【阅读材料2】 一生中能有这样两个发现，该是很够了。即使只能作出一个这样的发现，也已经是幸福了。但是马克思在他所研究的每个领域，甚至数学领域都有独到的发现，这样的领域是很多的，而且其中任何一个领域他都不是肤浅地研究的。 他作为科学家就是▲这样，但是▲这在他身上远不是主要的。在马克思看来，科学是一种在历史上起推动作用的、革命的力量。