高中英语牛津上海版高中二年级第—学期期中巩固提升练习(三)(有答案)

高二上学期期中巩固提升练习（三）

Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.

( A )

Count to three and rip(撕) it off as fast as you can—this is how most people remove a band-aid(创可贴). (21)_____ _____ _____ fast you do it, it’s still going to be painful. That’s for sure. Or is it?

A group of American scientists from Boston have just developed a band-aid that can be taken off without causing pain, reports the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Traditional band-aids are supposed to break apart (22)_____ the skin meets the glue, which is what makes taking them off so painful. But the new band-aid has an extra layer that sits (23)_____ the glue and the backing. When you tear off the band-aid, you remove the backing and middle layers, leaving the glue behind. The glue (24)_____ then be simply rubbed off with one’s fingers or left to fall off naturally. Importantly, this process is pain-free.

This is not the first time scientists (25)_____(try) to solve this problem. But methods they tried in the past led to band-aids that were (26)_____(sticky) and therefore didn’t stay on for long.

The Boston study was first aimed at helping babies (27)_____ skin is too delicate for standard band-aids. But adults with sensitive skin might also enjoy the benefits.

( B )

While income worry is rather a common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face. Of all the reasons _____28_____ explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one. This phenomenon is commonly known as “Empty Nest Syndrome” (空巢综合症).

In order to seek _____29_____ (good) chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad, _____30_____ (leave) their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home. Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights taking care of themselves, in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. The fact ____31____ most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty _____32_____ they would have if they had not left their countries. Whatever the case, it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match _____33_____ they actually do. This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from providing timely response -_____34______ the needs of their aged parents.

The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents _____35_____ (describe) as “distant parent phenomenon”, ____36_____ is common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our society has not yet been well prepared for “Empty Nest Syndrome”.

Section B

Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

“In wilderness is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a 37 debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.

As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The 38 to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation brings to such landscapes is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform 39 that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities.

Lee Lane, a 40 fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and 41 exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for 42 . While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no 43 reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.

I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being 44 by the other participants. One opinion is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.

This is a 45 that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of

the world obviously

deserves much more serious thinking.

Reading comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Winston Churchill began his love affair with painting in his 40s, under disastrous circumstances. _____46____ First Lord of the Admiralty (海军) in 1915, he was deeply involved in a campaign in Dardanelles that could have _____47____the course of a bloody world war. _____48____when the mission failed, with great loss of life, he paid price both publicly and privately. He was _____49_____from the admiralty.

“Defeated by the failure, I thought he would _____50_____grief,” said his wife，Clementine. He retired with his family to Hoe Farm. There, as Churchill later recalled, “The inspiration of painting came to my _____51_____!”

After the war, painting would offer deep _____52_____when, in 1921, the death of mother was followed two months later by the _____53____of his beloved daughter, Marigold. Hit by grief, Churchill stayed at the home of friends in Scotland, finding comfort in his painting. He wrote to Clementine: “I went out and painted a beautiful river in the afternoon light with golden hills in the _____54_____. I keep feeling the hurt of losing Marigold”.

Historians have called the decade after 1929, when the Conservative government fell and Churchill was _____55_____, his wilderness years. Politically he may have been wandering in waste places, a lonely fighter trying to awaken Britain to the threat of Hitler, but artistically that wilderness bore great fruit.

46. A. For B. As C. With D. To

47. A. delayed B. advanced C. improved D. shortened

48. A. Because B. For C. But D. Since

49. A. removed B. moved C. appointed D. obtained

50. A. persist in B. hold on C. put up D. die of

51. A. rescue B. view C. grief D. belief

52. A. passion B. comfort C. emotion D. confidence

53. A. loss B. recovery C. failure D. success

54. A. book B. background C. back D. album

55. A. out of date B. in office C. in power D. out of office

Section B

Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

The owner of an Alabama Chinese restaurant named “Good Friend” shot at a customer who complained about a bug in her egg roll Thursday night. The bullet narrowly missed 20-year-old Birmingham resident Jatari Walker who told the Daily News she is scarred by the entire experience.

“I can’t sleep,” she said Saturday afternoon. “And since it happened I’ve had no appetite.”

Walker ordered a combination platter（大浅盘）and egg roll from the Good Friend Chinese and Seafood Restaurant on Dennison Ave. Thursday evening. After

paying her $7 bill she went back to her car and discovered a fly inside. “I thought I need to take this back,” she said.

The customer went back and asked for a repayment and said the owner Chun Hin Ching, 52, was unhappy with her because she announced her discovery in front of other customers. After an argument he repaid the money and Walker — who is now a former frequent customer of the business — turned and walked to the exit.

That’s when Ching drew a handgun and fired a single shot over her head.

“He just shot the gun at me and I ran,” she said, adding she could feel the bullet whiz past her head.

Birmingham Police Department spokesman Lt. Sean Edwards told the News the owner was charged with attempted murder and was transported to Jefferson County Jail on $100,000 bail（保释金）.

Police believe Ching intended to hit Walker with the bullet and missed, Edwards said. The bullet hit the top of the door frame of the take-out business.

Ching did not tell police why he fired at Walker, Edwards said.

Edwards said he did not recall any previous problems at the business. He said Ching did not say why he had a weapon but added it was not uncommon for stores in that neighborhood.

No one was injured from the gunshot, Edwards said.

Calls placed to the restaurant Saturday afternoon were not answered.

56. What happened on Thursday night in Good Friend Chinese and Seafood

Restaurant?

A. A fire broke out but luckily no one was injured.

B. The restaurant owner refused to repay the money.

C. The egg rolls caused sickness among some customers.

D. A young woman narrowly escaped being killed by a bullet.

57. Why did Walker go back to the restaurant after buying the food?

A. Because she left her car key in the restaurant.

B. Because she discovered a fly in the egg roll.

C. Because she forgot to take the combination platter.

D. Because she found the owner charged her too much.

58. The restaurant owner fired on Walker when ______.

A. she was about to leave

B. she was arguing with him

C. she asked for a repayment

D. she announced her discovery

( B )

Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist who has made several very important medical breakthroughs. Many people were dying to know the secrets to his fantastic achievements. To unveil the mystery, a newspaper reporter interviewed him asking why he was able to be so much more creative than the average person. What set him so far apart from others?

Having assumed to hear wordings like innate curiosity for science or hard work, the reporter was surprised to have him respond that, in his opinion, it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about four years old. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he lost his grip on the slippery bottle and it fell, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floor - a real sea of milk!

When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or chastising him, she said, "Steve, what a great and wonderful mess you have

made! I have rarely seen such a huge pond of milk. Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?"

Indeed, he did. After a few minutes, his mother said, "You know, Steve, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge, a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?" He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.

His mother then said, "You know, what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let's go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it without dropping it." The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful lesson!

This renowned scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just opportunities for learning something new, which is, after all, what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment ‘doesn't work,’ we usually learn something valuable from it.

Wouldn't it be great if all parents would respond the way Steve's mother responded to him?

59. According to the passage, a newspaper interviewed Stephen Glenn in order to ______.

A. persuade him to treat some dying patients

B. find out his differences with ordinary people

C. hear about his opinions about medical science

D. know about why he was so successful

60. According to the passage, the underlined word ‘chastise’ is closest in meaning to ______.

A. pursuing

B. punishing

C. praising

D. educating

61. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Steve spilled the milk bottle to make a milk sea on purpose.

B. Steve’s mother allowed him to play some time with the spilled milk.

C. Steve’s mother let him choose the tool himself to clean up the milk

D. Steve’s mother led him to try out ways to tightly hold the milk bottle.

62. What ordinary mothers can learn from Steve’s mother is that ______.

A. never put milk bottle where little kids can get hold of

B. appreciation of kids’ behaviours is important to their growth

C. mothers should teach kids to learn from their own mistakes

D. kids should learn to become scientists from childhood.

( C )

Like many other small boys, I was fascinated by cars, especially because my oldest brother was a bit of a car guy and subscribed to cool magazines like Car and

Driver and Motor Trend. Every so often, one of those magazines would run an article on the “Car of the Future”. They featured unconventional things like small nuclear reactors as power sources. Yet, frankly, my car doesn’t do anything that my brother’s Studebaker didn’t do. It goes, it stops, it burns gasoline. I still have to steer it, and it still runs into things if I don’t steer it carefully.

But guess what? All of these things are likely to change in the not-so-distant future. It may not burn gasoline, I may not have to steer it, and it may be a lot better at not running into things.

Airbags aren’t the be-all and end-all in safety. In fact, considering the recent news about people occasionally being killed by their airbags in low-speed crashes, they obviously still need some development. But they aren’t going away, and in fact, you can expect to see cars appearing with additional, side-impact airbags, something some European car manufacturers already offer.

Better than systems to minimize injury in the event of an accident, however, are systems that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening in the first place? Future cars may be able to remove many of the major causes of accidents, including drunk-driving, and tailgating (与前车距离过近). Cars could be equipped with sensors that can detect alcohol in a driver’s system and prevent the car from being started, for example. As early as next year, you’ll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control systems. If the radar determines you’re closing too quickly with the car in front, it will ease up on the throttle（油门）.

Scientists are now working on a system that can brake, accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own. Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves?

63. The author was fascinated by cars because ________.

A. other small boys liked to own a car of their own, too

B. his oldest brother loved to take him to places in his car

C. he read untraditional things about cars in his brother’s magazines

D. he often booked cool car magazines himself

64. Which of the following statements is true of airbags?

A. They are in need of further improvement.

B. They are going to disappear gradually.

C. They are a standard feature of European cars.

D. They kill people instead of protecting them in low-speed crashes.

65. According to the author, what will future cars do if the sensors detect alcohol in

the driver’s system?

A. They will give a warning in advance.

B. They will ease up on the throttle.

C. They will brake automatically.

D. They will not start. Translation

Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.

1.尽管费用昂贵，他父母还是送他去了国外。(despite)

2．吃水果和蔬菜比吃肉好。（It）

3. 我第一次写英语作文时犯了许多拼写错误。（make）

4．那些成功的人会获得真正的成就感。（receive）

5．由于环境污染，越来越多的动物种类在灭绝。（extinct）

Guided Writing:

Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

记一次你最难忘的课外活动（比如竞赛、艺术节、运动会、春游、参观、晚会…）, 并说明这次活动为什么难忘。

(注意：短文中不得出现考生姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。

参考答案

Grammar& Vocabulary

Section A

21. No matter how 22. where 23. between 24. can 25. have tried 26. less sticky 27. whose 28. that/which 29. better 30.leaving 31. that 32. as 33. what 34. to 35. is described 36. which

Section B

37-45 D G B I H J F A E

Reading Comprehension

Section A

46---50: BDCAD 51—55: ABABD

Section B

( A ): 56—58：D B A

( B ): 59—62：D B A C

( C ): 63—65 C A D

Translation

2.尽管费用昂贵，他父母还是送他去了国外。(despite)

Despite the expense, his parents still sent him abroad.

2．吃水果和蔬菜比吃肉好。（It）

It is better to eat fruit (s) and vegetables than to eat meat

3. 我第一次写英语作文时犯了许多拼写错误。（make）

The first time I wrote an English composition, I made a lot of spelling mistakes. 4．那些成功的人会获得真正的成就感。（receive）

Those who are successful（will）receive a real sense of achievement.

5．由于环境污染，越来越多的动物种类在灭绝。（extinct）

Because of environmental pollution, more（and more）species of animals are becoming extinct .

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在生物实验室in the biology laboratory 重点介绍了一些实验可用的材料highlighted (focused on) the materials available for the experiment 参加各类体育活动participating in all kinds of physical (sports) activities 有利于中学生的健康成长benefits healthy growth of middle school students 放弃所有消极的想法let go of all the negative thoughts 无论你生活在哪个国家Whatever countries you live in 这些国家的风俗有多么不同however different their customs are 友好和乐于助人总是礼貌的一部分kindness and readiness to help others are always parts of good manners 生态旅游.eco-tourism 调节心理状态adjust mental state 与….相关be related to 难忘的旅行the unforgettable trip 不管这个事实…. Despite the fact that 一个实际可行的解决办法 a practical/feasible solution to it. 视频聊天video chat 保险公司the insurance company 富含维生素be rich in vitamins 急切be anxious to do sth 广泛阅读reading widely 掌握知识master knowledge 知识点3：常见成语翻译 挨家挨户：from door to door

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Passage1 () 1. A. much less B. much more C. part D. much () 2. A. caring for B. dealing with C. bringing D. instructing () 3. A. after B. when C. as D. till () 4. A. common B. easy C. unusual D. unnatural () 5. A. extra B. physical C. mental D. paid () 6.A. likely B. possible C.ready D. reluctant () 7.A. added to B. burdened with C.lightened by D.

completed with () 8.A. dependence B. effect C.illustration D. reliance () 9.A. choice B. opportunity C.sight D. thought ()10.A. never B. permanently C.presently D. shortly ()11.A. after B. as C.before D. until ()12.A. few B. many more C.much D. little ()13.A. because B. if C.provided D. with ()14.A. advantage B. bit C.share D. weight ()15.A. building B. feeding C.making D. running 1. A 到了20世纪．，妇女一生中花在照顾孩子上的时间少了，故此题答案应该是much less。 2. A caring for“照顾”。 3. D till“直到”。养了七八个孩子，其中有四五个只活到五岁。 4. C unusual“不平常的”。 5. D paid work“有报酬的工作”。上了一定岁数的母亲做有报酬的工作在当时是很少见的。 6. A “可能做某事”应该是be likely to do something，而不是be possible to do something，故此题答案是likely。 7. C lightened by“被家用机器和方便食品减轻负扭”。 8. B have effect on.“对…，．．有影响”。 9. B at the first opportunity意思是“不失时机地，一有机会”。 10. A never从不。 11. C before意为工作到生养第一个孩子前不久。

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A. are B. is (）９. ａ）There ａpenny and some tickets in his pocket. b) There ____________ some tickets and a penny in his pocket. A. is B. are A. is B. are （）11. a) A number of girls in our company_______________ fond of surfing the Internet. b) The number of girls in our company ______________ nearly twenty. A. are B. is （）12 a) —Who ______________ next door? —It's Linda. b) —Who___________ next door? —It's Linda and Lucy. A. live B. lives （）13.ａ）Not only the sun but also the Earth around the sun. b) Not only the Earth but also the planets around the sun. A. move B. moves （）14 a) This kind of cartoon well in the bookstore. b) Cartoons of this kind_______________ well in the bookstore. A. sells B. sell （）15a) Each of them ______________ light music and country music. b) They each ____________ light music and country music. A. enjoy B. enjoys （）16 ａ）Ann is one of the girlsｗｈｏ __________ failed in the driving test.

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