(完整版)英语四级阅读试题及答案详解1.doc

英语四

级阅读试题及答案详解 1

Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts __1__ questions, and so on.

For most of the time this “conversation ” goes on below the level of consciousness.At times, however, we become __2__ of it. This is

usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between __3__ and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our question of the text continues at the unconscious level.

Different people __4__ with the text differently. Some stay very

close to the words on the page, others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is __5__ in the text. The latter represents __6__ levels of comprehension. The balance between these

is important, especially for advanced readers.

There is another conversation which from our point of view is

__7__ important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is

read. We call this a “ process conversation” as __8__ to a “ content ”conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the __9__ we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a

process conversation with a text is usually pretty well __10__. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation.

A)opposed

C)equally E)developed G)compared I)higher

L)absolutely M)aware

D)written

H)awake

J)expectations

B)converse

F)strategies

K)deal

N)better

O)further

参考答案及解析: 1. 选O ）。很明显此处应填形容词。可选项有higher 和further ，原文为“根据答案反复提出。。。问题“，但higher 一般强调的是层次上的高低，因此不能用来修饰question ，故只有further 更进“一步的”符合题意。

2.选 M ）。此处应填形容词且能与 of 构成固定搭配。可选项有awake 和 aware ，由前一句中below the level of consciousness （即unconsciousness ）和此句中however 转折可以推出，此处应填与consciousness 意思相近的形容词，故排除awake “警觉的”，而选aware 。

3.选 J ）。由空格后的 and meaning 可知，此处应填名词，与meaning 构成并列结构。原文为“我们会意识到沟通的存在，通常是

在我们遇到难题或与文章意思不符的时候”，故只有expectations 所“猜测的意思”符合题意。

4. 选 B ）。很明显此处应填动词且能与with 搭配。可选项有

converse 和 deal ，从句意来理解，不同的人文章不同，但由

于文章主要说明的是读者与文章之间的沟通方式，故排除deal “处理”而选 converse 谈“话。

5. 选 D ）。因关系代词which 指代的是c omprehension ，可知此

处应填动词的被动形式。但由 The former 和 the words on he page 可推出前一种人是从文中的字词去理解文章，而字词只能是被写在文

中，因此只有written 符合题意。

6. 选I ）。此处应填形容词。由The former 和The latter 可知，此

处是将两种人的对话方式进行比较，故可选项有higher 和 better 但由前面提到的后一种人对文章所做的interpreting ， criticizing ，，

analyzing and examining 可知，这些都属于对文章更高层次的理解，

因此选higher 。

7. 选 C ）。显然此处应填副词。可选项有 equally 和 absolutely ，但由another 可推出，文章是在分别说明两种对话方式，而没有突出哪个更重要，故排除 absolutely 而选 equally 。

8. 选 A ）。此处是将“ process” conversation与“ content”conversation 形成对比，故可选项有opposed 和compared ，但as opposed to 是固定搭配，因此排除compared 。

9. 选 F ）。从句子结构来看，此处缺的是employ 的宾语，再从选

项中看，能与employ 形成动宾搭配且符合题意的只有strategies ，故选 strategies 。

10.选 E ）。此处应填动词的被动形式。选项中有developed 提“高，加强”和 compared “比较”能与 ability 构成动宾搭配，但从句意理解，通常高级读者与文章进行“程序对话”的能力，故只有

developed 符合题意。

导读：

Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and

the text. The reader puts questions, as it were（意为“可以说，姑且这么说”，有打比方的性质） , to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts O)furtherquestions, and so on.

For most of the time this “ conversation goes” on below the level of consciousness. At times （意为“有时“与 most of the time 形成对比，因此很容易推出第 2 题应填的词）, however, we become M)aware of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between J)expectations and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our question of the text continues at the unconscious level.

Different people B)conversewith the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page（意为“与单词保持很近距离”，即不注

意单词本身的意思） , others take off （意为“离开”，在这指匆匆略过单词，即不注重单词本身的意思） imaginatively from the words,

interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents

a kind of comprehension which is D)written in the text. The latter

represents I)higher levels of comprehension. The balance between

these is important, especially for advanced readers.

There is another conversation which from our point of view isC)equally

important, and that is （ There is another andthat is。其中由

“ that 可”知本文一共谈到了两种对话方式，第一种即是第一段中提

到的对文章反复提问的方式，第二种就是此处提到的关于怎样读的方

式。句中which 和that 指代的都是conversation ） to do not with

what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “ process ”co

as A)opposed to a “ content conversation”. It is concerned not with

meaning but with the F)strategies we employ in reading. If we are an

advanced reader our ability （ If we are our ability 。其中 If 引

导的是条件壮语从句， to hold a process conversation with a text 作后置

定语修饰句子的主语 our ability 。） to hold a process conversation with

a text is usually pretty well E)developed. Not so our ability to hold a

content conversation.

全文翻译 :

阅读可以看出是读者和文章之间的一种沟通。可以说，读者对

文章提出问题并得到解答，由此再提出新的问题，如此反复。

大多数时候，这种沟通是在无意识中进行的，然而，有时候我们也会

意识到沟通的存在，通常是在我们提到难题或猜测与文章意思不符

时。如果我们做出的猜测正确，对文章的提问会继续在无意识中进行。

不同读者与文章对话的方式也不同。有些人侧重读懂字词意

义，而有些人匆匆越过字词，发挥想象力，对文章做出自己的阐释，

评判一番，做出分析，深入研究。前者代表了拘泥字面的理解方式，

后者代表了更深层次的理解。掌握这两者之间的平衡很重要，对高级读者而言更是如此。

还有另一种对话，我们认为同样重要，这种对话不是有关读什么，而是有关怎样读的问题。与“内容对话”相对我们称其为“程序对话”，程序对话关心的不是文字意义，而是阅读方法。通常高级读者

与文章进行“程序对话”的能力很强，而与文章进行“内容对话”的能力却一般。

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大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.

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3 大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四） 十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. 1.Pruning should be done to ______. a.make the tree grow taller