2019-2020学年高三英语一模汇编--完形填空 汇编答案版

2019--2020学年高三英语一模完型填空汇编

One【虹口区】

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ff18062855.html, Inc. is checking out of China’s fiercely competitive domestic e-commerce market.The company told sellers on Thursday that it would no longer __41__ its third-party online marketplace or provide seller services on its Chinese website, https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ff18062855.html,. __42__, domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-commerce platform.

The decision marks an end to a long __43__ by America’s e-commerce giants in the Chinese market. The firms entered the Chinese market with great attention in the early 2000s, only to __44__ in the face of competition from China’s faster-moving Internet giants.

Amazon has been in talks to __45__ its e-commerce business for goods imported into China with a Chinese competitor, NetEase Inc.’s Kaola, in a stock-for-stock transaction (交易), according to a person familiar with the matter. That would remove the Amazon name from __46__ e-commerce in China. Neither company would confirm the progress or details of those __47__, nor would they say if they are continuing.

In a written statement, Amazon said it remained __48__ to China through its global stores, Kindle businesses and web services. Amazon China’s president w ould leave to take on another role within the company, the company said. The China consumer-business team will report __49__ to the company’s global team.

When Amazon first entered China in 2004 with the __50__ of https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ff18062855.html,, it was the largest online seller for books, music and video there. Most Chinese consumers were using cash-on-delivery as their top form of __51__. Today, Amazon China chiefly caters to customers looking for imported international goods such as cosmetics and milk powder and is a(n) __52__ player in the booming Chinese e-commerce market.

Amazon China commanded just 6% of gross market volume in the niche（细分的）cross-border e-commerce market in the fourth quarter of 2018, versus NetEaseKaola’s 25% __53__ and the 32% held by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’s Tmall International.

Chinese consumers are becoming more fascinatedwith __54__ brands. In 2011, 85% of Chinese consumers said they would always buy a foreign brand over a domestic one. By 2016, 60% of respondents said they preferred domestic over foreign brands. Shaun Rein, China Market Research’s founder, said American e-commerce giants __55__ obstacles in China because they hadn’t offered the products or user experience that consumers were looking for.

41.A. assist B. expand C. operate D. tailor

42.A. As a result B. By contrast C. For example D. In addition

43.A. criticism B. negotiation C. struggle D. resolution

44.A. interact B. withdraw C. split D. survive

45.A. associate B. combine C. exchange D. supply

46.A. time-consuming B. long-suffering C. ever-lasting D. consumer-facing

47.A. talks B. businesses C. competitions D. instructions

48.A. related B. accustomed C. exposed D. committed

49.A. automatically B. directly C. regularly D. secretly

50.A. breakdown B. improvement C. purchase D. participation

51.A. refund B. payment C. sponsorship D. trade

52.A. complicated B. critical C. original D. insignificant

53.A. share B. budget C. volume D. maximum

54.A. foreign B. luxurious C. domestic D. fashionable

55.A. dealt with B. forgot about C. got through D. came across

【答案】41-45CACBB 46-50 DADBC 51-55 BDACD

Two【黄浦区】

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passag, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were ___41___, of which 123 are now known to be

extinct. Of the ___42___ languages, most speakers are grandparents and great-grandparents.

Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of ___43___ used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the ___44___ of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next ___45___, the rate at which it is losing speakers and the ___46___ in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six-point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to a language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is ___47___ used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.

Languages become endangered due to a number of ___48___ factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in ___49___ attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously ___50___ language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language. ___51___, local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also ___52___ as communities adopt mobile phones and computers, most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend ___53___ as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural ___54___ in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.

Initiatives to ___55___ endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.

41. A. at hand B. at risk C. in use D. in view

42. A. ancient B. evolving C. local D. surviving

43. A. assessment B. classification C. description D. research

44. A. age B. background C. number D. religion

45. A. committee B. century C. generation D. government

46. A. content B. occupations C. situations D. themes

47. A. advisedly B. efficiently C. primarily D. rarely

48. A. balancing B. complicating C. historical D. interrelated

49. A. cultural B. mental C. moral D. religious

50. A. foreign B. informal C. isolated D. national

51. A. For example B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa

52. A. boom B. develop C. disappear D. suffer

53. A. ceases B. changes C. increases D. starts

54. A. difference B. influence C. shift D. variety

55. A. enrich B. purify C. refresh D. standardize

【答案】41-45.CDBCC https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ff18062855.html,DAC 51-55.CDCCC

Three【浦东新区】

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

The networked computer is an amazing device. It is the first media machine that serves as the mode of production (you can make stuff), means of distribution (you can upload stuff to the network), site of (41)_______ (you can download stuff and interact with it), and place of praise and criticism (you can comment on the stuff you have downloaded or uploaded). (42)________, the computer is the 21st century’s culture machine.

But for all the reasons there are to (43)________ the computer, we must also act with caution. This is because the networked computer has started a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active (44)_______ —whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.

All animals download, but only a few upload anything besides faces and their own bodies. Humans are (45)________ in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous(过剩的) material goods (paintings, sculpture and architecture) and superfluous experiences (music, literature, religion and philosophy). (46)_______, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires

great skills, but (47)________ to move beyond downloading is to rob oneself of a defining ingredient of humanity.

Despite the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still (48)________ download mode, brought about by television watching. Even after the (49)________ of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining satisfied to just (50)________.

The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to (51)________ the flow caused by TV viewing, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading. The computer offers the opportunity to bring about a complete (52)_______ from the culture of television and a shift from a consumption model to a production model. This is a historic opportunity. Fifty years of television dominance has given birth to an unhealthy culture. The (53)_______ is now in our collective grasp. It involves controlling our intake, or downloading, and (54)________ our levels of activity—uploading.

Of course people will still download. Nobody uploads more than a tiny percentage of the culture they consume. But using the networked computer as a download-only device, or even a download-mainly device, is a (55)________ opportunity that history affords us. Therefore, the goal must be to establish a balance between consumption and production.

41.A. celebration B. conversations C. reception D. ceremonies

42.A. Without doubt B. In return C. In particular D. By contrast

43.A. liberate B. celebrate C. concern D. reject

44.A. request B. support C. defense D. creation

45.A. unique B. familiar C. efficient D. loyal

46.A. In addition B. In fact C. For instance D. By the way

47. A. striving B. comparing C. failing D. attempting

48.A. optimistic about B. unfamiliar with C. stuck in D. ashamed of

49.A. transformation B. emergence C. encounter D. maintenance

50.A. consume B. neglect C. combine D. innovate

51.A. enhance B. quicken C. reverse D. extend

52.A. outcome B. exposure C. break D. evolution

53.A. puzzle B. cure C. regret D. favor

54.A. analysing B. maintaining C. featuring D. increasing

55. A. wasted B. treasured C. multiplied D. revised

【答案】41-45 CABDA 46-50 BCCBA 51-55 CCBDA

Four【长宁/金山区】

Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress response to better escape from hunters. But today its causes include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top(41) _______ are work, money, the economy and health.

Although everyone faces stress, people react to it (42) _______. “There’s the situation, how we (43) _______ the situation, and then our skills at handling the situation,” says psychologist William Lovallo of the University of Oklahoma. (44) _______experiences help us assess appropriate responses, so most people improve with age. “A high school student or a college student might not have those (45) _______ skills and might let a situation get out of hand,” he adds.

Most (46) _______have normal stress responses, regulated to give the right burst of hormones（激素）and bodily changes for a particular stressor. But others always over-or under-react, which may be a warning sign for physical or mental (47) _______. To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol（皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and during trying tasks.

(48) _______, the intensity of these responses seems to be set from a young age. Studies have shown that people who experienced childhood hardships -- including physical punishment and a(n)(49) _______home -- are more likely to have quiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study published in 2012, Lovallo exposed 354 participants to moderate stress. People who self-reported early-life(50) _______ actually had lower heart rates and cortisol levels than other participants. While the

study tasks were not important, the individuals’under-reactions suggest their stress response may also have trouble (51) _______ when it really matters. It can be just as (52) _______as an extreme response. Other research has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low adult stress and substance misuse. Though the biology is not fully understood, it’s suggested that early - life neglect or suffering (53) _______ the body’s stress pathways.

Even before birth, a child can(54) _______ parental stress. The phenomenon is well - demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown the same association (55) _______. For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had how cortisol levels.

41. A. stressors B. responses C. secretes D. concerns

42. A. appropriately B. differently C. normally D. mentally

43. A. improve B. influence C. describe D. evaluate

44. A. Valuable B. Professional C. Previous D. Constant

45. A. coping B. living C. learning D. acting

46. A. adults B. researchers C. students D. monitors

47. A. functions B. disorders C. variations D. abilities

48. A. By the way B. In some cases C. On the contrary D. As a result

49. A. independent B. distinguished C. unstable D. extended

50. A. education B. experience C. involvement D. difficulty

51. A. racing up B. showing up C. taking up D. keeping up

52. A. impressive B. insignificant C. positive D. unhealthy

53. A. smooths B. follows C. dulls D. destroys

54. A. endure B. relieve C. increase D. inherit

55. A. between animals B. in humans C. with society D. of importance

【答案】41-45 ABDCA 46-50 ABBCD 51-55 ADCDB

Five【徐汇区】

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.

Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Since 2008, the average labour-force participation rate of 55- to 64-year-olds in OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries has risen by eight percentage points. A new OECD

its older employees.

Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours. No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently. But work can keep the mind active and gives people a 43 in life. The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but 44 is sure to come. Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal. 45 , the company of colleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness.

Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require 46 , rather than manual, labour. Of course, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to 47 . That is not just because governments have been pushing up the state retirement age.

48 , the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years. In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work-related pensions to supplement it.

However, companies are gradually 49 pensions linked to final salaries with “defined contribution” schemes. Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be 50 . The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates. Women tend to have smaller retirement pots (thanks to their years spent raising children), making their difficulties even more 51 . They need to keep working.

computer experience or cannot pass technology tests. Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over-55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes.

41. A. shortsighted B. vital C. adequate D. unnecessary

42. A. recognizing B. assessing C. questioning D. transforming

43. A. frame B. choice C. lesson D. purpose

44. A. liberty B. boredom C. priority D. motivation

45. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Furthermore

46. A. mental B. simple C. physical D. routine

47. A. proceed B. continue C. persist D. quit

48. A. In conclusion B. In other words C. In practice D. In particular

49. A. replacing B. furnishing C. increasing D. combining

50. A. registered B. reinvested C. refunded D. removed

51. A. personal B. severe C. emotional D. practical

52. A. competitive B. dominant C. distinguished D. disadvantaged

53. A. employers B. researchers C. employees D. female workers

54. A. command B. ensure C. oppose D. ignore

55. A. range B. discipline C. shortage D. set

【答案】41- 45 BADBD 46-50 ADCAB 51-55 BDAAC

Six【闵行区】

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a social influence applied on an individual in order to get that person to act or believe in a(n) 41 way as a larger group. This influence can be negative or positive, and

can exist in both large and small groups.

People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly 42 that some part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct explains why the approval of peers, and the fear of 43 , is such a powerful force in many peoples lives. This instinct drives people to dress

one way at home and another way at work, or to answer a simple “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a(n) 44 aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that 45 day-to-day interaction between people.

For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes a(n) 46 : in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to 47 their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that 48 criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel 49 to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can't afford in an effort to 50 the peers.

However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at 51 may be urged to work harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of 52 can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.

Although peer pressure is sometimes quite obvious, it can also be so 53 that a person may not even notice that it is affecting his or her behavior. For this reason, when making important decisions, simply going with a(n) 54 is risky. Instead, people should seriously consider why they feel drawn to taking a particular action, and whether the real 55 is simply that everyone else is doing the same thing.

41. A. traditional B. similar C. peculiar D. opposite

42. A. understandable B. believable C. acceptable D. surprising

43. A. disapproval B. failure C. absence D. independence

44. A uncertain B. practical C. impossible D. vague

45. A. promotes B. prevents C. simplifies D. increases

46. A. challenge B. inspiration C. promise D. addiction

47. A recognize B. abandon C. decrease D. define

48. A. avoid B. encourage C. decline D. punish

49. A. pressured B. respected C. delighted D. regretted

50. A. catch sight of B. stay away from C. make fun of D. keep up with

51. A. competitions B. interaction C. academics D. adaptation

52. A. knowledge B. interest C. assistance D. influence

53. A. abstract B. ridiculous C. subtle D. reasonable

54. A. consciousness B. motivation C. instinct D. encouragement

55. A. motivation B. danger C. support D. achievement

【答案】41-45 BDABC 46-50 DBBAD 51-55 CDCCB

Seven【奉贤区】

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.

Ecology is a complicated thing. Given the facts that elephant damage often kills trees and bush fires often kill trees, it would be 41 to assume that a combination of the two would make things worse. Contrary to this assumption, 42 , as the recently-published research by Benjamin Wigley shows, if a tree has already been damaged, fire can 43 help to make things better.

One common way in which elephants harm trees is by stripping(剥) them of their bark(树皮). Dr Wigley, who did indeed start from the obvious 44 , set off to find out how much worse bush fires would make the effects of this bark stripping. To serve this purpose, he set up a study in the Kruger National Park. Since 1954, the Kruger has been the site of experiments in which plots of land have been burned 45 , to understand the effects of fire on plain ecology. In these experiments, Dr Wigley looked at trees in three different zones, in one of which, the trees were burned every year; in the second, they were burned every other year, while the third zone, by contrast, was actively 46 fire. To keep things consistent, he looked at the fate of the same tree species, the marula(马鲁拉树), in all three zones. He picked marulas because they are particular 47 of elephant activity. Their fruit are delicious, and prized by elephants and people alike. But elephants also seem to enjoy eating their bark. In July 2016 he and his colleagues identified 20 marulas in every zone and used special tools to 48 from each of them a circular section of bark 5 cm in diameter. Having imposed this damage, they 49 the wounds over the course of the following two years, to see what would happen. To their 50 , they discovered

that the wounds of trees in fire zones recovered far better than those of trees that had seen no fires at all. Wounded trees in the annual burn zone re-grew 98% of their lost 51 during the two years of the study. Those living in the biennial(两年一次的) burn zone re-grew 92% of it. But those in the zone where fires were 52 re-grew only 72%.

The researchers also found something else when they were measuring the trees’ wounds: ants. Ten of the 20 trees in the fire-prevention zone developed ant colonies in their wounds. The ants in question were a species that is known to damage trees and is supposed to 53 tissue healing. By contrast, only five trees in the biennial burn zone and three in the annual zone develo ped ants’ nests in their wounds. It looks, therefore, as if bush fires are treating trees’ wounds by killing ants that might54 colonize and damage them. Though such fires are surely harmful to healthy trees, it seems, in an example of two negatives making a positive, as if they are actually 55 to sick ones.

41. A. difficult B. reasonable C. necessary D. awful

42. A. however B. therefore C. furthermore D. somehow

43. A. uniquely B. barely C. actually D. merely

44. A. phenomenon B. evidence C. imagination D. assumption

45. A. equally B. regularly C. severely D. purposely

46. A. burnt with B. protected from C. covered by D. exposed to

47. A. participants B. partners C. victims D. friends

48. A. mark B. remove C. hit D. measure

49. A. regulated B. checked C. healed D. monitored

50. A. disappointment B. surprise C. joy D. relief

51. A. vitality B. height C. bark D. strength

52. A. controlled B. prevented C. started D. boosted

53. A. disturb B. promote C. impact D. quicken

54. A. therefore B. nevertheless C. then D. otherwise

55. A. beneficial B. unbelievable C. effective D. cruel

【答案】41-55 BACDB BCBDB CBADA

Eight【静安区】

III. Reading Comprehension (45 分）

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.

In the Fake News Era，Building Trust with Consumers Is Crucial

With consumers growing increasingly frustrated with online advertising and privacy concerns，how do you convince shoppers to buy your narrative（叙述），let alone your product？

A recent report by Trust Radius，a software review company that connects buyers and vendors（应商），may be able to shed some light. Among other interesting findings, it turns out that it may actually benefit brands to be painfully (41) about their products.

Consumer awareness of influencer marketing tactics（策略）is increasing. (42) according to the report，most consumers trust online peer (43) as much as recommendations from friends-and well above company advertising message. Feedback from everyday folks, it seems, actually carries more (44) than a brand ambassador from an out-of-reach personality.

Transparency is crucial. The report found that there is a large trust (45) between vendors and buyers. While vendors believe they are transparent, most buyers don’t appear to see it. During the sales process, for example, 85 percent of vendors (46) to be open about their products limitations during the sales process-but only 3 percent of buyers shar that same view. The reality is, consumers don’t expect any products to be (47) - they just want to enter relationships with their eyes wide open so that they can (48) the options that are best for them. They also want brands to be more (49) . 66 percent of consumers say they will leave a company if they feel they are being treated like a number and not an individual.

Along with the combination of fake news, advertising fraud, and data leaks, there have been

fake reviews as well. Review sites have been (50) giving preferential (优惠的) treatment paid advertisers, and consumers are increasingly discerning(有辨别力的)，as a result. (51) review sites are not our only source of peer reviews, with social media providing customer experiences on a second-to-second basis. When brands treat every (52) with a customer as a potential review, they’ll start paying more attention to d etail, and being alert to delivering a valued and memorable experience every time. Taking feedback seriously also lets current customers feel valued and respected and makes your business seem more approachable. This helps secure (53) and often, these customers will become brand ambassadors to their friends, family and people they meet online

The challenge for brands today is determining how to use the (54) of the consumer to their advantage. In an age of cutting-edge technology, artificial intelligence, and self-service customer care, it’s odd to acknowledge that the best way to build trust with your customers is by holding an open (55) with your customers. Being more human, transparent, and listening to what people are saying will see your company thrive in an era marked by consumer suspicion.

41. A. nervous B. honest C. careful D. particular

42. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. However

43. A. reviews B. reactions C. experiences D. instructions

44. A. weight B. risks C. warnings D. burdens

45. A. relationships B. influence C. gap D. extension

46. A. refuse B. hesitate C. desire D. claim

47. A. advanced B. perfect C. remarkable D. unique

48. A. consider B. offer C. select D. exercise

49. A. efficient B. profitable C. human D. responsible

50. A. associated with B. mistaken by C. praised as D. criticized for

51. A. on the contrary B. in fact C.by contrast D. in a word

52. A. cooperation B. complaint C. interaction D. appointment

53. A. safety B. loyalty C. convenience D. employment

54. A. money B. choice C. habit D. voice

55. A. dialogue B. debate C. competition D. contract

【答案】41-45 BCBAAC 46-50 DBCCD 51-55 AABDA

Nine【崇明县】

III. Reading Comprehension (45 分）

Section A(15 分）

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite

41 friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.

In findings published in AERA Open—an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association—last month, scientists showed that the general 42 of students improves quickly, with even those who are highly stressed showing “significant” reduction in cortisol levels—a chemical produced by our bodies in times of stress.

Many universities have adopted “Pet Your Stress Away” programs where students can 43

cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.

The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students’ moods, and their 44 has stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant 45 ,” said Patricia Pendry, an associate professor in WSU’s Department of Human

Development.

This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students’ cortisol levels during a 46 intervention (介入).

The team chose 249 college students and put them into four random groups and compared the effects of different 47 to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while 48 others petting the animals. The third group watched a slideshow of the same animals, while the fourth group had to 49 and was told they would be allowed to see the animals after 10 minutes.

Salivary (唾液的) cortisol 50 were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had

51 interaction with the pets.

Many universities have started these 52 where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more 53 emotions,” Dr Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less 54 way. And it did, which is 55 because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and mental health.”

41. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal

42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. wellbeing

43. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from

44. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance

45. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact

46. A. real-life B. part-time C. first-rate D. high-quality

47. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches

48. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching

49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate

50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips

51. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct

52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors

53. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive

54. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective

55. A. demanding B. challenging C. exciting D. disappointing

【答案】41-45.BDCAD 46-50.ABCBA 51-55.DBDAC

Ten【普陀区】

III. Reading Comprehension (45 分）

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.

Stage Fright

Fall down as you come onstage. That’s an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The experienced cellist Rostropovich tripped him purposely to (41) ________ him of pre-performance panic. Mr. Feltsman said, “All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?”

Today, music schools are addressing the problem of (41) _in classes that deal with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, (43) ________mind.

Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging (44) ________, from basics like learning pieces inside out, to mental discipline, (45) ________ visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax.

Don’t deny that you’re tense, they urge; some excitement is (46) ________, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience.

Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the moments before(47) ________, “Take two deep abdominal(腹部) breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,” she says. “And not one of these ‘please don’t kill me’ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the (48) ________, people you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them. “She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as a judge.

Extreme demands by conductors or parents are often (49) ________ stage fright, says Dorothy

Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve.

When Lynn Harrell was 20, he became the principal cellist of the Cleverland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There were times when I got so nervous. I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the heartbeat, which was just total (50) ________. I came to a point where I thought, ‘If I have to go through this to play music, I think I’ m going to look for another job.’”

Recovery, he said, involved developing humbleness—recognizing that whatever his talent, he was likely to make mistakes, and that an (51) ________concert was not a disaster.

It is not only (52) ________artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz’s nerves were famous. The great singer Franco Corelli is another example. “We had to push him on stage,” his partners recalled.

(53) ________, success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career, when you’re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don’t have any (54) ________,” Singer June Anderson said. “There’s less to lose. Later on, when you’re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to (55) ________.” He added, “I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung my last note.”

41. A. assure B. cure C. remind D. rob

42. A. anxiety B. adolescence C. principle D. psychology

43. A. absent B. blank C. keen D. narrow

44. A. advice B. choices C. services D. education

45. A. instead of B. along with C. such as D. with regard to

46. A. definite B. neutral C. natural D. precious

47. A. ceremony B. performance C. lecture D. rehearsal

48. A. audience B. orchestra C. staff D. choir

49. A. at the face of B. at the root of C. in favour of D. in contrast with

50. A. craze B. fault C. failure D. panic

51. A. unusual B. imperfect C. invalid D. unpopular

52. A. talented B. unknown C. young D. experienced

53. A. Actually B. Certainly C. Luckily D. Similarly

54. A. appreciation B. contribution C. expectation D. satisfaction

55. A. learn B. offer C. say D. lose

【答案】41-45 BA BAC 46-50 CBABD 51-55 BCACD

Eleven【嘉定区】

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A（15分）

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

In product design, imagining users’ feelings leads to more original outcomes

Researchers find that in new product design, connecting with users’ heart, rather than their head, can lead to more original and creative outcomes.

Developing original and (41)______ products is critical to a company’s long-term success. Thus, understanding what influences originality can have important and potentially (42)______ consequences for businesses. Ravi Mehta, a professor of business administration, shows that adopting a(n) (43)______ that imagines how the user would feel while using a product leads designers to experience greater empathy(同感), which (44)______ creativity and, in turn, outcome originality for new product design.

There are two ways that the product designer can (45)______ t he consumer’s product usage. One focuses on objective use of the product—how consumers might use the product, that is, an objective-imagination” approach. The other focuses on feelings—how the product makes the consumer feel, a "feelings—imagination” appro ach.

Consumers always want to have new products that solve problems more efficiently and at a less cost. So product designers (46)______ this trap of being very objective in focusing on the use of a product. That’s important, but the (47)______ of usage c an only attract consumers in some ways. (48)______, the feelings-imagination approach leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more (49)______ to the consumers’ ideas. This leads to greater outcome originality. Mehta said, “when you imagine consumers and focus on their feelings, that’s powerful and will lead to something much more innovative than only focusing on a product’s usage.” The research shows that a feelings-based approach is (50)______ to the commonly used objective-based approach, the researchers wrote. It not only helps product designers build a better product, but it also helps them create more innovative products.

The implications of the findings extend to everyday consumers, who now play a role in shaping companies’ design. Mehta said, “Marketers are increasingly (51)consumers for new product ideas.” (52)_______ there was a very successful campaign a few years ago that focused on getting consumers to create a new potato chip flavor.

The experiments demonstrated a (53) effect of adopting a feelings-imagination approach. That suggests that these designers may (54) imagining users’ feelings. In this way, designers can develop products that could (55) to the masses. Companies can easily adopt this process and promote feelings-imagination exercises through their websites or social media.

41.A.primary B. innovative C. natural D. domestic

42.Atemporary B. slight C. indefinite D. profitable

43.A. policy B. proposal C. approach D. standard

44.A.enhances B. exhibits C. illustrates D. explores

45.A.recommend B. extend C. exploit D. imagine

46.A.fall apart B. figure out C. fall into D. turn into

47.A. originality B. objectivity C. creativity D. flexibility

48.A.In conclusion B. In addition C. As a result D. By contrast

49.A.open B. harmful C. resistant D. equal

50.A.evident B. superior C. relevant D. alert

51.A.joining in B. applying to C. turning to D. taking in

52. A. In reality B. In other words C. What's more D. For example

53.A.dramatic B. positive C. negative D. serious

54. A. depend on B. benefit from C. contribute to D. involve in

55. A appeal B. refer C. adapt D. commit

【答案】41-45.BDCAD 46-50.CBDAB 51-55.CDBBA

Twelve【松江区】

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A （15分）

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

What happens when the right to know comes up against the right not to know? The ease of genetic testing has brought this question to light. Two ___41___ legal cases – one in Britain, the other in Germany – stand to alter the way medicine is practised.

Both cases involve Huntington’s disease (HD), whose ___42___ include loss of co-ordination (协调),

mood changes and cognitive(认知的) decline. It develops between the ages of 30 and 50, and is eventually fatal. Every child of an ___43___ parent has a 50% chance of inheriting it.

In the British case, ___44___ for trial at the High Court in London in November, a woman known as ABC –to protect the ___45___ of her daughter, who is a minor –is charging a London hospital, St. George’s Healthcare NHS Trust, for not___46___ her father’s diagnosis of HD with her. ABC was pregnant at the time of his diagnosis, in 2009. She argues that had she been aware of it, she would have stopped the pregnancy. As it was, she found out only after giving birth to her daughter. She later tested ___47___ for HD.

The German case is in some ways the mirror image of the British one. Unlike in Britain, in Germany the right not to know genetic information is protected in law. ___48___, in 2011 a doctor informed a woman that her divorced husband –the doctor’s patient– had tested positive for HD. This meant their two children were ___49___ the disease. She accused the doctor, who had acted with his patient’s permission. Both children being minors at the time, they could not legally be tested for the disease, which, as the woman’s lawyers pointed out, is currently ___50___. They argued that she was therefore helpless to act on the information, and ___51___ suffered a reactive depression that prevented her from working.

Both cases test a legal grey area. If the right to know is ___52___ recognized in Britain later this year, that may remove some uncertainties, but it will also create new ones. To what lengths should doctors go to track down and inform family members, ___53___?

It is the law’s job to ___54___ these rights for the modern age. When the law falls behind technology, somebody often pays the price, and currently that somebody is ___55___. As these two cases demonstrate, they find themselves in a difficult situation – charged if they do, accused if they don’t.

41. A. remarkable B. distinct C. contrasting D. dominant

42. A. consequences B. symptoms C. indications D. diagnoses

43. A. influenced B. affected C. inherited D. annoyed

44. A. scheduled B. determined C. approved D. implemented

45. A. possession B. status C. health D. identity

46. A. revealing B. sharing C. reminding D. concealing

47. A. convinced B. suspicious C. infected D. positive

48. A. Nevertheless B. Thus C. Additionally D. Fundamentally

49. A. in advance of B. in the course of C. at the close of D. at the risk of

上海市虹口区2019届高三英语一模

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2019届高三英语一模汇编--翻译

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2018届上海各区高三英语一模——summary汇编

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2019届上海高三英语一模汇编：翻译

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(完整版)2019年上海高考英语一模翻译汇编.doc

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