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大学四六级英语考试语法精要大全

大学四六级英语考试语法精要大全
大学四六级英语考试语法精要大全

大学四六级英语考试语法精要大全(一)不定式语法

不定式 1. 某些动词后要接不定式某些及物动词后只能接不定式作宾语,其中最常用的动词有agree, afford, arrange, appear, ask, attempt, care, choose, continue, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, fear, forget, hate, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, regret, remember, seek, tend, try, volunteer, want, wish等。

What do you plan to do tomorrow?

She hated to move from such a nice village.

In class teachers should try to get feedback from their students

2. 不定式的被动式考试大-全国最大教育类(.Examda。)

不定式有被动式,当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式要用被动式,在句中可作主语,宾语,定语,状语,复合宾语等。作定语时,通常表示在谓语动作后将要发生的动作。

The last question to be discussed today is how to do the job more efficiently.

She preferred to be given more difficult work to do.

3. 不定式的完成式

当不定式的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前,不定式要用完成式,在句中可作宾语,状语以及构成复合宾语,复合谓语。

She seemed to have heard about the news already.

He was believed to have been a very rich man.

4. 不定式的完成被动式考试大-全国最大教育类(.Examda。)

当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,且不定式的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前,不定式要用完成被动式,在句中可作主语,宾语或构成复合宾语,复合谓语。

The forest fire is reported to have been put out last night.

It is supposed to have been finished without referring to any reference books.

5. 带逻辑主语的不定式短语考试大-全国最大教育类(.Examda。)

不定式可以有逻辑主语,其构成形式为“for +代词的宾格(或名词) +不定式”。带逻辑主语的不定式短语可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或状语等。

It is not easy for you to catch up with them in a short time.

I think it better for you to see the doctor.

What we want is for you to understand the matter clearly.

I sent him some pictures for him to see what Paris is like.

6. 带疑问词的不定式短语采集者退散

不定式前可以加某些疑问代词,如who、what、which,或疑问副词,如when、where、how、why等,

构成一种特殊的不定式短语,可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或状语等。

How to improve English is often discussed among the students.

We haven’t decided when to visit the place.The most difficult thing in learning English is how to speak the language well.

You haven’t answered my question where to get these books.

7. 某些动词后的不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式不带to,这些动词是feel, have, hear, let, make, notice, see, watch等。

Suddenly I felt the atmosphere in the room become tense.

I often hear them sing this song.大学四六级英语考试语法精要大全(二)分词语法

分词 1. 现在分词与过去分词的区别现在分词与过去分词的区别主要体现在时间和语态上。现在

分词表示正在进行的动作并表示主动的意义,而过去分词表示已经完成的动作并表示被动的意义。比

较:

a changing world(一个变化着的世界);a changed world(一个已经起变化的世界)

surprising news(令人惊讶的消息);surprised people(感到惊讶的人们)

2. 分词作状语考试大-

作状语时,表示时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步和伴随情况等。另外,作状语时,它的逻辑主

语应与句子的主语一致。

Hearing the news, he heaved a sigh of relief.

Given another chance, I’ll do it much bett er.

3. 分词作定语

分词常用来修饰名词或代词作定语。单个的分词作定语时,通常放在被修饰词之前;分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰词之后。但有些单个的过去分词作定语时,也可放在被修饰词之后。

He’s a spoilt chil d.

The man standing over there is our new English teacher.

Where are we to get the material needed?

4. 分词作宾语补足语

分词可在感觉动词和使役动词后作宾语补足语。常用的感觉动词主要有:see, hear, notice, watch, find, observe, smell等。常用的使役动词主要有:get, have, keep, leave, set, make, let等。此外,分词还可在want, like, wish, order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词后作宾语补足语。

She watched her baby sleeping.

I got my hair cut.

I don’t want you worrying about me.

5. 分词与连词的连用

分词可与各种连词(如:when, while, once, until, if, unless, though, although, even if, as, as if, as though等)连用。连词+分词(短语)的结构在句中作状语,相当于状语从句。

She’ll get nervous when spe aking in public.

He went on talking, though continually interrupted.

6. 分词的独立结构

分词作状语时,其逻辑主语与句子的主语应该一致;否则,分词应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词的独

立结构。独立结构一般位于句首,作伴随状语以及在科技文章中表示附加说明时,它常位于句末。分词的

独立结构由名词、代词+分词构成,可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。

Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Wednesday.

Her son having been sent to school, she began to do some shopping.

He returned three days later, his face covered with mud and his clothes torn into pieces.

There were two parties yesterday evening, each attended by some students.

大学四六级英语考试语法精要大全(三)时态

时态 1. 现在完成时、过去完成时以及将来完成时之间的区别1) 现在完成时:①构成:have / has +过去分词②语法意义及要点:

A. 现在完成时表示一个过去开始的状态或动作持续到现在并可能继续持续下去,常同表示一段时间

的状语连用。如so far, up to now, since, for a long time等。

--He has worked as a teacher for many years.

--Up till now, nothing has gone wrong.

B. 现在完成时表示一个过去发生的对现在仍有影响的动作或事件。常与不确定的过去时间状语连

用,如yet, just, before, recently等;也同表示频度时间状语连用,如often, ever, never, sometimes, several times等;还可同包括现在时间在的时间状语连用,如now, today, this morning 等。但不能同特定的过去时间状语连用(last year , in 1997等)。

--I have never learned Japanese before.

--We have been quite busy lately (recently).

C. 在时间或条件状语从句中,当表示将来完成时的意义时,要用现在完成时来代替将来完成时。

--We’ll start at 5 o’clock if it has stopped raining by then.

--I shall go to see you when I have finished my homework.

Note: 行为不能持续的瞬间动词(Instantaneous Verb), 如arrive, begin, come, go, start, leave, die, join等通常不能用于这一语法意义,即该类动词在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间的状

语连用。

--He has joined the army for five years. (误)

--He has been in the army for five years. (正)

2) 过去完成时:①构成:had +过去分词②语法意义及要点:

过去完成时表示某一动作或情况发生在过去某一时刻之前并持续到该时刻。

--David and Jenny had known each other for a long time before their marriage.

--They had got everything ready before the party began.

Note: 与现在完成时截然不同的是过去完成时可以与表示具体过去的时间状语连用。

--He said that he had seen her the day before yesterday.

大学四六级英语考试语法精要大全(三)时态

3) 将来完成时:①构成:shall / will + have +过去分词②语法意义及要点:

将来完成时表示某一动作在将来某一时刻或将来某一动作之前已经完成或发生。

--He will have graduated from high school before his next birthday.

--The shop will have closed already before you get there.

2. 哪些动词不能用于进行时

1) 表示状态的动词,如be, seem, appear, become, get等。

He is being a used-car dealer.(误)

He is a used-car dealer.(正)

She is seeming always about to smile.(误)

She seems always about to smile.(正)

2) 表示感官感觉的动词,如see(看见), hear(听见),feel(感觉出), taste(尝出),smell (闻到)等。

The medicine is tasting bitter. (误)

The medicine tastes bitter. (正)

I was seeing a car passing by our house. (误)

I saw a car passing by our house. (正)

3) 表示拥有的动词,如have, own, possess, belong, contain, hold等。

He is owning a luxurious car. (误)

He owns a luxurious car. (正)

The book is belonging to her. (误)

The book belongs to her.(正)

4) 表示思想状况、态度的动词,如believe, think, know, understand, agree, approve, consider, expect, forget, guess, hesitate, hope, imagine, mean, realize, remember, suppose, trust, want, wish等。

I’m thinking that he is right. (误)

I think that he is right. (正)

I’m understanding your feelings. (误)

I understand your feelings. (正)

5) 表示情感、愿望的动词,如admire, appreciate, care, enjoy, like, love, hate, detest, regret等。

He is loving his daughter very much. (误)

He loves his daughter very much. (正)

I’m regretting to say we cannot come. (误)

I regret to say we cannot come. (正)

3. 时态的呼应

时态的呼应又称时态一致(Sequence of Tenses),指的是某些从句里的动词谓语时态必须和主句里的时态保持一致。

如果主句里的谓语动词是过去时态(过去时或过去完成时),那么从句的谓语动词时态也相应地要用过去时。时态的呼应主要发生在间接引语和宾语从句中,但其他从句有时也存在时态一致的问题。

--He explained that he had learned Chinese for many years.(现在完成时变为过去完成时)--He said he had been collecting materials on that subject for a long time.(过去进行时变为过去完成进行时)

--He told me that they would have completed that project by the end of the year.(将来完成时变为过去将来完成时)

虽然主句用了过去时等,如果从句表示的是科学真理、客观事实或某人(物)的经常性特点时,其时态可以不必遵守时态呼应的规则而仍用一般现在时。

--Galileo proved that the earth revolves round the sun.

--The teacher told the students that knowledge is power.

如果从句中有一个表示绝对过去时间的状语,就不必把一般过去时变为过去完成时。

--He said that he joined the Red Army in 1933.

大学四六级英语考试语法精要大全(四)虚拟语气

虚拟语气 1. 表示现在/过去/将来情况的虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主要有三种结构:1) 表示与现在情况相反:主句谓语用“would / could / might +动词原形”,从句谓语用“动词的一般过去时”(动词be的过去式一律用were)。If I were you, I would not accept his offer.

If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you.

2) 表示与过去情况相反:主句谓语用“would / could / might + have +过去分词”,从句谓语用过去完成时。

If I had got up a little earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train.

If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam.

3) 表示与将来情况相反:主句谓语用“would / could / might +动词原形”,从句谓语用“were +动词不定式”或“should +动词原形”。

If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study.

If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go out with you.

2. 虚拟条件句连接词if的省略

如果虚拟条件句的从句中含有were, had, should, could等词时,可以省略连接词if,但这时必须把were, had, should, could等词移到主语前面,形成倒装。这种句型主要用于书面形式。

Were I to do the job, I would finish doing it within two weeks.

Had it not been for his help, we couldn’t have arrived there on time.

Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.

3. wish后宾语从句中的谓语构成

动词wish后的宾语从句表示未实现的或不可能实现的愿望,其宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,有以下三种构成形式。

1) 表示现在不可能实现的愿望,宾语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时。(be的过去式为were)。

I wish I had enough money to buy a car.

I wish I were as young and energetic as you.

2) 表示过去未能实现的愿望,宾语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时(had +过去分词)或“would / could + have +过去分词”。

I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.

I wish I could have done it better.

3) 表示将来不可能实现的愿望,宾语从句中的谓语动词用“would / should (could, might) +动词原形”。

I wish I would not get old.

I wish I could travel around the world one day.

4. 某些动词后的宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气

在一些动词后面的宾语从句中,谓语动词要用虚拟语气。这时,谓语动词用动词原形或should +动

词原形。这类动词一般表示命令,要求,决定,建议,主等概念,主要有:advise, ask, command, decide, demand, desire, direct, insist, move, order, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest,等。

The workers demanded that their wages (should) be raised by 10 per cent.

The teacher decided that you do the experiment first.

5. 某些名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气

在一些名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中,谓语动词要用虚拟语气。这时,谓语动词用动词原形或should +动词原形。这类名词一般表示命令,要求,决定,建议,主等概念,主要有:advice, idea, instruction, motion, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion,等。

My suggestion is that we (should) send for a doctor immediately.

He gave the order that they (should) do the experiment again.

大学四六级英语考试语法精要大全(五)从句

从句I定语从句1.先行词为all, anything, something, nothing, everything, much,

little, none等不定代词时,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。在大多数情况下that可以省略.Please tell me everything (that) you know about the matter.

That’s all (that) we can do at the moment.

2.as引出的限制性定语从句

在such … as的结构中as可作关系代词,引出限制性定语从句。有时和same连用,在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语等。

Such people as were recommended by him were reliable.

I’ve never seen such a talented young man as he is.

I have the same trouble as you (have).

3.as引出的非限制性定语从句

as可作关系代词引出非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句,通常译为“(正)如…一样”,“(正)象…一样”等。as引导的从句一般用逗号与主句隔开,可以位于主句的前面、中间或后面.

I live a long way from work, as you know.

She did not, as her friend had feared, break down.

As is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.

4.分隔式定语从句

定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后,但有时会被其他句子成分与先行词隔开,从而构成分隔式定语从句。

大学英语四级考试语法:—定语从句

大学英语四级考试语法:—定语从句 很多同学在大学英语四级考试中会存在一些误区,认为语法不那么重要,其实英 语语法是学习英语的指南,对我们帮助很大。以下是小编给大家整理的大学英语四级 考试语法:—定语从句,希望可以帮到大家 1、mary is a beautiful girl. 名词的扩展靠限定,最基本的就是在名词的前面增加一个形容词这样的定语,上 面的句子就是表语girl的前面加了一个形容词。显然,如果只是mary is a girl这样的 句子会让人觉得非常枯燥,没有什么意义,所传递的信息量极其有限。所以,名词前 面加定语,可以使被限定的名词更加生动,更加形象而富有生命。如果要对名词给出 更多限定,挖掘更多内部信息,我们可以在名词前面加多个定语来限定,如mary is a beautiful chinese girl. 放在名词前面起到限定作用的定语有很多种形式,形容词,名词,动词现在分词,动词过去分词等。虽然形式多样,但是这类定语还是比较好理解,只要顺着句子的顺序,就基本可以明白是怎么回事。 2、the computer that i bought yesterday works well. 有时候,我们需要对名词给出很多的说明,用大量的信息来限定名词。这时,如 果还是把长长的限定成分放在名词前面,就会头重脚轻,所以英语中会用跟在名词后 面的定语从句来限定前面的名词。根据定语的功能还可以分为限制性定语从句和非限 制性定语从句。两者的区别在于前者与被限定名词之间没有逗号,而后者则有逗号隔开;前者起到限定作用,不可或缺,后者起到补充作用,舍去后对剩余部分影响不大。 本句子通过“that i bought yesterday”这个that引导的定语从句,使得主语the computer得到限定而明确,是我昨天买的计算机而不是别的。如果明白了这个名词可 以通过后面加定语从句来扩展,我们的句子马上可以变得复杂起来,请看下例:another popular spectator sport, which is known as the sport of kings, is horse-racing, which is controlled by the jockey club. 译文:另一种以特大型运动著称的流行观赏运动是赛马,这种比赛由赛马总会控制。

四六级简明语法:the 最高级 比较范围

最牛英语口语培训模式:躺在家里练口语,全程外教一对一,三个月畅谈无阻! 洛基英语,免费体验全部在线一对一课程:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/cf1684136.html,/ielts/xd.html(报名网址)1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不用。 形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 注意:使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 (错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2) 下列词可修饰最高级,by far, far, much, mostly, almost This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意: a.very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best. b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the second largest continent. 3) 句型转换: Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class. 4) "否定词语+比较级","否定词语+ so…as"结构表示最高级含义。

全国大学生英语四六级考试(CET4,CET6)作文句型模板

句型模板 1.with the development of the society, with the advent of…, we have to face a problem that… 2.along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that… 3.as society develops, people are attaching much importance to… 4.as to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take/hold/come up with different attitudes/hold different attitudes. 5.as to whether it is worthwhile…, there is a long-running controversial debate .It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it. 6.In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma. 7.Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people in alarm that… 8.Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is… 9.The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, which the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization. More problems are brought to our attention. 10…plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world. And there comes a question," is it a blessing or a curse?" 11.Now we are entering a new era, full of oppo rtunities and challenges,… 12.But every sword has two blades. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the prominent disadvantages is that….To make matters worse,… 13.Nowadays many people prefer…because it plays a significant role in our daily life. Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as fellows. On one hand, …on the other hand… 14.Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects. Whether effects it has, one thing is certain:…itself is n either good or bad. It is the use we put in to that determines it value to our society… 15.There is no consensus among people as to the view of ….The opinions vary from person to person. Some people hole the idea that….A case in point is that… 16.On the other hand, others may have a quite different view. According to them….The most typical example is that… 17.Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter. Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable to some extent, but…is more convincing. 18.Whe n asked about…,some people hold the idea that….As far as they are concerned,…But I could not agree with them in several points. In my opinion,….The reasons for my choice are listed as follows. 19.First of all…In addition…Last but not the least… 20.For the reasons mentioned above, I firmly believe… 21.What are the reasons for it? To start with…Moreover…Furthermore… 22.In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures should be taken. For one thing ,it is high time that people all over China reali zed the importance of…For another, the government should issue laws and regulations to put the situation under control. 23.People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case. 24.The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.

四六级考试常考重点英语语法汇总

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