2018考研英语词汇

2018考研英语词汇表

accommodate 使适应，使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed

circumstances

accompany 陪伴，伴随 She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.

accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等）accomplish one's purpose

accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words.

account 记述，叙述 give a brief account of what has happened accumulate 积累，积攒，积聚 accumulate wisdom

accurate 准确的，精确的 an accurate estimate

accuse 指控，指责 They accused her publicly of stealing their books.

accustom 使习惯于 accustom oneself to rising (to rise) early acquaint 使认识，使了解

activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动 They have planted

secret agents in

many countries

who could be

activated

whenever

needed.

acute 尖锐的，敏锐的 an acute thinker

address 演说 a television address

adhere 黏附，附着 Paste is used to make one surface adhere

to another. adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbs adjoin 贴近，与...毗邻 His house adjoins the lake. administrate 掌管，料理...的事务 In many Japanese homes, the

funds are administrated by

the wife.

adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at

adolescents advance 使向前移动 advance a chessman

advantage 有利条件，优点 Sitting Presidents hold built-in

advantages when seeking another

term.

adverse 不友好的，敌对的 She felt adverse to her husband's

friends.

advocate 拥护，提倡，主张 advocate self-defence

aesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美 an aesthetic theory

affliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government

affiliated company

affirm 断言，申明 affirm the truth of a statement aggravate 加重，加剧，恶化 aggravate the declining economy aggressive 侵犯的，侵略的 an aggressive weapon

agitate 搅动（液体等） The machine agitated the mixture. alarm 惊恐，忧虑 The bandits scattered in alarm.

alert 警惕的，留神的 In our reading we should always be alert

for new usages.

allege 断言，宣称 The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt. allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给allocate funds for new

projects

allied 结盟的，有关联的 allied nations

allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowance

alternate 交替，轮流 Night and day alternate.

amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者 an amateur golfer ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的 an ambiguous answer amend 修改，修订 amend the spelling in sb.'s paper

amuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣） The clown at the

circus amused the children. anchor 锚 The anchor catches (drags).

announce 宣布，声称 It is officially announced that he will

not run for reelection.

annoy 使恼怒，使生气 She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard

attitude.

anonymous 匿名的，无名的 an anonymous letter (phone call) anticipate 预期，预料 The directors anticipated a fall in

demand (that demand would fall). apart 成零碎 Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.

apparent 显然的，明明白白的 It was apparent that they all understood.

applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好 The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.

apply 涂，敷 He applied two coats of paint to the table. appoint 任命，委派 They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.

appraise 估量，估计 appraise the infant's weight appreciate 感激 I appreciated your help much.

apprehend 对...担心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty

approach 靠近，接近 John is approaching manhood. appropriate 恰当的，相称的Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.

approve 赞成，同意 I couldn't approve his conduct. approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的 The approximate time is

10 o'clock.

apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes.

arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的 an arbitrary choice arise 起立，起身 arise from one's seat

arouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry.

array 排列，队形 The troops were formed in battle array. articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的 He is articulate about

everything in the

field of economics. artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的 artificial price controls ascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高 The airplane ascended into the

cloud.

ascertain 查明，弄清，确定 I ascertained that he was dead. ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的 I am ashamed for being so stupid. ashore 向岸，向陆地 He swam ashore.

aside 在旁边 We stood aside to let her pass.

assault 攻击，袭击 We made an assault on the enemy fort. assemble 集合，召集 assemble the members of Parliament for

a special meeting. assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言 He asserted his innocence.

assess 估价，评价，评论 assess the present state of the

economy

assign 分配，布置（作业） The teacher assigned (us) a new

lesson.

assimilate 吸收，消化 He is quick to assimilate new ideas. associate （使）联系，（使）结合 We naturally associated the

name of Darwin with the

doctrine of evolution. assume 假定，假设Farmers will have a bumper harvest,

assuming (that) the weather si

favarable.

assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证

assurance 保证，把握，信心 He gave me his assurance that he would help.

astonish 使惊讶 I was astonished at his sudden appearance. attach 系，贴，连接 attach a label to a suitcase

attain 达到，获得 attain one’s goal

attend 出席，参加（会议等） attend a wedding

attendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today.

attentive 注意的，专心的 an attentive audience

attribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He

attributed his success to hard work.

auxiliary 辅助的 an auxiliary rocket

avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us

average 平均数，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.

avert 挡开，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.

awake 醒，觉醒 awake from sleep

bang （突发的） sudden loud bang

bare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的 walk in bare feet beforehand 预先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.

behave 举止端正，听话Do behave.

bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂 I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.

bias 偏见，偏心 have a bias against sb.(或sth.)

blame 责备，责怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.

blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of wind

blaze 火焰 The fire sprang into a blaze.

blunt 钝的The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.

blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红 blush with(或for) joy boast 自吹自擂，自夸的话 He is full of boasts.

bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and bolts boom 低沉有回响的声音 The great bell tolled with a deep boom.

border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand

bore 钻孔，挖（通道） bore through a wall

bound 跳跃，弹回 She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.

boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加 boycott uncooperative manufactures

brace 托架，支架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight. breed （使）繁殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly.

bribe 贿赂 accept(或take)a bribe from sb.

brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holiday

brisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pace

brittle 易碎的，一碰就破的 brittle glass

brush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brush

bump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.

burst 爆炸，爆裂 The boiler burst.

calculate 计算，推算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicago

capture 俘虏，捕获 capture butterflies

case 事例，事实，事情 This is a case of poor judgment.

cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷 cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme

casual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meeting cease 停止，终止，结束 The music ceased suddenly. character （事物的）性质，特质 The furniture in Tom’s

apartment was pretentious and

without character.

charge 要（价），收（费） The airlines charge half price for

students.

charm 魅力，魔力 This thriving resort town has retained its

village charm.

chase 追逐，追求 The police chased the escaping thief and

caught him at last.

check 使突然停止，制止 check one’s steps

cherish 珍爱，珍视 cherish one’s native land

chew 嚼，咀嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat.

choke 窒息，噎住 be choked by smoke

chorus 合唱队

chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的 chronic indigestion clarity 澄清，阐明 clarify an issue

cling 粘着 The frightened child clung to her mother. clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boy

cluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster

of tourists

clutch 紧抓，紧握 clutch at an opportunity

coherent 一致的，协调的 lack coherent political goals coincide 相符，相一致 100 Centigrade coincides with 212

Fahrenheit.

collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作 He and I

collaborated in writing

plays.

collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解 The roof collapsed under the weight

of the snow.

collide 碰撞，互撞 The car collided with the truck. commemorate 纪念，庆祝 commemorate a holiday

commend 表扬，称赞 commend a soldier for bravery

compact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggage

compare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely

tuned machine

compatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的 You should choose a

roommate more

compatible to your

tastes.

compile 汇编，编制 compile an anthology of poems

comply 遵从，顺从，服从comply with rules(safety

regulations)

compose 组成，构成 England, Scotland, and Wales compose the

island of Great

Britain.

compress 压缩 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a

few sentences

comprise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three docks. compromise 妥协，折衷 compromise over the hard-fought next. compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subject

conceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 He concealed his disappointment from

his friends.

conceive 构想出，设想 conceive an idea

concentrate 集中，专心 concentrate one’s attention condemn 谴责 We all condemn cruelty to children.

condense （使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁 condense a speech to

half

confine 限制，使局限 They succeeded in confining the fire to

a small area.

conform 遵照，适应 confirm to(或with) the rules(the law) confront （使）面临，（使）遭遇 The war confronted him with

hardships.

conscious 意识到的，自觉地 They were conscious that he

disapproved.

consent 同意，赞同，准许 The people will never consent to

another war.

conserve 保护，保藏，保存 conserve natural resources consider 考虑，细想Consider carefully before doing

anything.

consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms. consolidate 巩固，加强 consolidate one’s position conspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的He felt as

conspicuous as if

he had stood on a

stage.

constitute 组成，构成 constitute a threat to sb.

consult 请教，与......商量 consult a doctor about one’s

illness

consume 消费,花费: consume much of one’s time in reading contact 接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sb

contain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve items contaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the air contempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sb

contest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for

the control of the region

contract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact with

contradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict

his theory

contrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary view

contrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between

the two forms of

government

contribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the

charity every payday contrive设计,想出:contrive a new method

controversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of

controversy

convention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a

convention

convert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gas

convey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric current convict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of

smuggling

coordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government

agencies

cordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile,

invitation)

correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds

to anticipation correspondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondent corresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprints corrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the

confidence that must

exist between buyer and

seller

corrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt life

count数,计算: count the money

course课程,科目:an English course

courtesy 谦恭有礼。有礼的举止（或）言辞：come in without courtesy

crucial 决定性的，关键性的：a crucial decision

cultivate耕作，栽培，养殖：cultivate vegetables

D

dawn 黎明，拂晓 work from dawn to dark

dazzle （强光等）使目眩，耀眼：He was dazzled by his sudden success.

deceive 欺骗，蒙蔽：deceive oneself

decent 体面的，像样的:She didn’t have a decent dress for the ball.

decline 拒绝，谢绝：We sent him an invitation but he declined. decompose 分解，腐烂，腐败：decompose a compound into its elements.

dedicate 奉献，把。。。用在（to）: The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure.

deduce 演绎，推论：From her conversation, I deduced that she had a large family.

deform(使)变形：Heat deforms plastic.

defy 公然违抗，反抗：He was going ahead defying all difficulties.

degenerate 衰退，堕落，变坏（into）: Her eyesight degenerated with the years.

deliberate 慎重的，深思熟虑的：The government is taking

deliberate action to lower

prices.

delight 高兴，快乐：To the teacher’s great delight , all his students passed the examination.

deliver 投递，传送，运输：deliver the mail

demonstrate 论证，证明：demonstrate a philosophical principle denote 表示，是。。。的标志，意思是：A frown often denotes displeasure.

dense 稠密的，密集的:a dense forest

deposit 存放： She deposited her bag in the cloakroom. depress 使沮丧，使消沉：That movie depressed me.

deprive 剥夺，使丧失：deprive sb. of his property

derive 取得，得到：He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father.

descend 下来，下降：Darkness descended too soon.

deserve 应得，值得：The question deserves consideration. designate 指明，表明：designate boundaries

desolate 荒芜的，不毛的：desolate land

despise 蔑视，鄙视：He despises flattery.

detach 拆卸：They detached their trailer and set up camp. detain 留住，担搁：be detained by business.

detect （当场）发现（某人在干坏事）:detect a student cheating deteriorate （使）恶化,(使)变坏,(使)退化: Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate.

deviate 背离，偏离：deviate from the rule

devote 将...献给（to）:Mary devoted her life to caring for the

sick.

diagnose 诊断，判断：The doctor diagnosed the illness as influenza.

dictate 口授，使听写：dictate a letter to a secretary differentiate 使不同，使有差别，区分，区别：differentiate varieties of plants

diffuse 扩散（气体，液体等）：The colors of the sunset were

diffused across the sky.

diminish 减少，降低：His illness diminished his strength. diplomat 外交家，外交官，圆滑的人：a career diplomat

discard 丢弃，抛弃：discard an old pair of shoes

discern 看出，觉察出：We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.

disclose 揭露，透露，使公开：disclose information to sb. discharge 释放：The judge found him not guilty and discharged him.

discount 把（价格，费用等）打折扣，削价出售：The store discounts

3 per cent on all

bills paid when

due.

discriminate 区别，辨别：It’s difficult to discriminate between the twin brothers.

disgrace 丢脸，耻辱：bring disgrace on oneself

disgust 厌恶，恶心：feel disgust for bad odors

disperse 分散，驱散，散去：Police dispersed the rioters with tear gas

displace 移动。。。的位置：Many of the inhabitants were displaced

by the rising floodwaters

dispose 布置，整理:The stores disposed the jewellery in an attractive display

disregard 不理会，不顾：Disregard the noise and keep working distinct 有区别的，不同的：Three distinct types of people distort 扭歪，扭曲：a face distorted by (或with)pain

distract 使转向：be distracted from one’s original purpose distribute 分配，分发：distribute the prizes among the winners divorce 离婚，分离，脱离：sue for a divorce

dominate 分配，统治：a white dominated society

donate 捐赠，赠送：They donate to the Red Cross every year. doom 命运，厄运，劫数：His doom was to be poverty.

doze 打瞌睡，打盹儿：The old lady dozed in her armchair. drain 慢慢排去：drain water from a pool

dread 怕，畏惧:I dread to think of what may happen.

drift 漂流，漂泊：The sounds of music drifted up to us. dubious 引起怀疑的，不确定的：a dubious reply

due 欠款的，应支付的：A great deal of money is due to you. dump 倾倒，倾卸：He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk.

duplicate 完全一样的，复制的：a duplicate key

durable 耐用的：a durable fabric

dwell （dwelt 或 dwelled ）（尤指作为常住居民）居住: dwell on an island

E

economical节约的,节俭的,经济的: an economical stove

edge边,棱: At the edge of the lake women were doing their washing

edible可以吃的,可食用的:edible oil

elaborate精心计划(或制作)的,详尽的:an elaborate plot

elevate举起,提高,抬起:elevate the living standards of the people

eliminate排除,消除:eliminate the exploitation of man by man elite出类拔萃的人(或物),精华:the elite of the society eloquent雄辩的,口才流利的,有说服力的:an eloquent spokesman embark上船(或飞机,汽车等):embark for Europe at New York harbor embody使具体化,表现:embody principles in actions

embrace拥抱:She embraced her son tenderly

emigrate移居外国(或外地区):emigrate from Canada to Australia

emit发出,散发(光,热,电度,声音,液体,气味等),发射电子:The

chimney emitted a cloud of smoke

enclose (从四面八方)围住,包围:enclose a porch with glass encounter意外的遇见,遭遇:encounter an old friend in the theatre

endeavor (为达到某一目的而)努力,尝试:How much he endeavored,

goal stayed unattained energy活力,精力:a man of energy

enforce实施,使生效:The principal enforced the rules of the school

engage (用契约诺言等)约束,使订婚:He engaged himself as an

apprentice to a printer enhance 提高(价格,质量,吸引力等),增加,增强:enhance one’s reputation

enlighten 启发,使摆脱偏见(或迷信)Would you enlighten me on

your plans for the future enroll 吸收(成员),招生:The school enrolled about 300 pupils last year

ensure 保证,担保:His industriousness and ability will ensure his success

entertain 给。。。娱乐,使有兴趣:The child is entertaining

himself with his building

英语二考研大纲

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