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初中名词用法归纳与练习答案

初中名词用法归纳与练习答案
初中名词用法归纳与练习答案

初中名词用法归纳与练习知识网络

考点一名词的分类

考点二名词的复数形式

3.复合名词的复数形式有两种

(1)将主体词变为复数,如:

sisterinlaw→sistersinlaw(嫂子)

boy classmate→boy classmates

(2)将复合词中两个词都变为复数,此种复合词中第一个词须是man或woman,如:man worker→men workers

woman teacher→women teachers

4.特殊情况

(1)有些名词只有复数形式,如:

clothes,shorts,pants,scissors(剪刀),goods,glasses(眼镜)

(2)有些名词以s结尾,但不是复数形式,如:

news,maths,physics,politics

(3)有些物质名词或抽象名词的单、复数形式表示不同的含义,如:

room(空间)—a room(房间)

work(工作)—works(著作)

(4)不可数名词的数量表达

①不可数名词本身不可数,但可借助单位量词表示一定的数量,如:

a piece of bread/news/paper一片面包/一则新闻/一张纸

②还可用much,little,a little,a large amount of,some,any,no,lots of,plenty of等来修饰不可数名词,如:

much money,some milk

(5)数词+名词+形容词构成的复合形容词,中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式,如:

He is a fouryearold boy.他是个4岁的男孩。

(fouryearold不能说成fouryearsold)

a fivefootdeep hole一个五英尺深的洞

考点三名词所有格

1.表示有生命的人或物的名词所有格形式,在此名词词尾加's,或直接加'。

(1)单数名词加's,如:Mary's book

(2)以s结尾的复数名词只加',不以s结尾的复数名词要加's,如:

the three girls' father 这三个女孩的父亲

the children's presents 孩子们的礼物

(3)表示几个人共有,仅在最后一个人的名字后加's;表示各自所有时,需在各个名字后加's,如:

Mary and Jane's car(她俩人共有的车)

Mary's and Jane's cars(她俩各自的车)

(4)表示店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地点时,名词所有格后面的名词习惯上省略。如:

the barber's=the barber's shop理发店

to my aunt's=to my aunt's house到我姑姑家

(5)有些指时间、距离、重量、价值、国家和城镇等无生命的名词,也可以加's构成所有格。如:

a week's time 一周的时间

China's population中国的人口

2.表示无生命的东西的所有格形式:名词+of+所有者,如:

the name of the zoo动物园的名字

3.双重所有格:即of+'s或of+名词性物主代词,如:

a book of my daughter's 我女儿的一本书

The friend of his is very kind.他的朋友非常友好。

考点四名词的句法功能

名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语、表语、状语、定语等。

名词作定语,一般用单数形式。如:

girl students(女学生) paper flowers(纸花)

名词作定语时,个别情况用复数形式。如:

sports meeting (运动会)

名词专练

一、单项选择

1.Read the ________carefully.They will help you know how to use the popper. A.Instructions B.decisions C.results

【解析】本题考查名词在语境中的运用。instruction“说明”;decision“决定”;result“结果”。由后句“它们会帮你知道如何使用这台爆米花机”可判断本句为“认真读说明”,故instructions符合句意。

【答案】A

2.Cici enjoys dancing.It's one of her ______.

A.prize

B.prizes

C.hobby

D.hobbies

【解析】本题考查名词。one of后接名词的复数,表示“……中的一个”,故排除A、C两项;prize“奖品”,hobby“爱好”,跳舞是一种爱好,故选D项。

【答案】D

3.For my homework I have to write a(n) ________about the wonders of the world.

A.music B.picture

C.composition D.exam

【解析】本题考查名词在语境中的运用。music“音乐”;picture“图画”;composition“作文”;exam“考试”。music是不可数名词,不能用不定冠词a/an修饰,故排除A项;动词write不能和picture搭配,也应排除;家庭作业不可能是考试,D项也排除。故选C。【答案】C

4.Boys and girls,feeling peaceful is the first step to become ________ in the exam.So please take a deep breath and calm down.

A.runners

B.winners

C.players

【解析】本题考查名词在语境中的运用。runner“跑步者”;winner“获胜者”;player“运动员”。在考试中应成为获胜者,故winners符合句意。

【答案】B

5.—I have great ________ in learning math and I'm so worried.Could you help me? —Sure.I'd be glad to.

A.trouble B.interest

C.joy D.fun

【解析】本题考查名词的用法。have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”。interest“兴趣”;joy“高兴,欣赏”;fun“乐趣”,均不符合题意。

【答案】A

6.—Mrs Black, could you give me some advice on how to write an application letter? —With pleasure.Remember that the letter should be written in the formal ________. A.value B.style C.effect D.mood

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。value“益处,价值”;style“风格,文体”;effect“影响,效果”;mood“情绪,心情”。由语境知“写申请信应用正式文体”。

【答案】B

7.Could you please get me some ________?I'm hungry.

A.apple B.water

C.bread D.egg

【解析】本题考查名词的用法。由第二句I'm hungry.(我饿了。)知空格处需填“吃的东西”,故排除选项B;选项A、D均为可数名词,由题干中的some判断需用可数名词复数或不可数名词,故排除A、D两项。bread“面包”,为不可数名词,符合题意。

【答案】C

8.—I'm going to the supermarket.Let me get you some fruit.

—OK.Thanks for your ________.

A.offer B.information

C.message D.order

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。offer“提供,提议”;information“信息”;message“口信”;order“顺序,订货,命令”。句意为“我要去超市。让我为你买些水果吧。”“好吧,谢谢你的好意。”故选A。

【答案】A

9.These natural disasters have warned us that everyone should start to protect the ________immediately.

A.amusement B.development

C.environment D.government

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。amusement“娱乐”;development“发展”;environment “环境”;government“政府”。句意为“这些自然灾害已经告诫我们每个人应立刻开始保护环境。”

【答案】C

10.—Mrs.Wang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.

—She said she would never forget some pleasant ________ while working there. A.experiments B.expressions

C.experiences D.emotions

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。experiment“实验”;expression“表达”;experience“经历”;emotion“感情”。空格所在句的句意为“她说她永远也不会忘记在那工作时的一些美好的经历。”故选C。

【答案】C

11.—I'm sorry I went out for a smoke.I was very tired.

—There's no ________ for this while you are at work.

A.cause B.excuse

C.matter D.choice

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。cause“原因”;excuse“理由,借口”;matter“事情”;choice“选择”。由空格所在句的句意“当你工作时这样做是没有理由的”知选B。

【答案】B

12.John wants to be a ________,so he often helps sick people in the hospital. A.reporter B.doctor

C.scientist D.cook

【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。reporter“记者”;doctor“医生”;scientist“科学家”;cook“厨师”。由句意“因此他经常在医院里帮助病人”知约翰想成为一名医生,故选B。【答案】B

13.—I have trouble learning math this term.

—You should pay more ________to your teacher's advice.

A.money

B.attention

C.time

【解析】本题考查名词的用法。pay attention to...“注意……”,是固定短语,故选B。【答案】B

14.The two cities have reached an ________to develop science and technology. A.education

B.excitement

C.agreement

D.invention

【解析】本题考查名词的用法。reach an agreement“达成协议”,是固定搭配,故选C。【答案】C

15.—Could you tell me something about the boy who helped you just now?

—Sorry, I know nothing about him.We are________.

A.friends

B.neighbors

C.classmates

D.strangers

【解析】由答语前面的“对不起,我不认识他”,可知这里是指“陌生人”。

【答案】D

16.I don't think looking after children is just ________ work.

A.woman

B.woman's

C.women

D.women's

【解析】句意为“我认为照看孩子不仅仅是女人的工作。”由句意可判断此处应用名词所有格,又因为woman的复数形式是women,故选D。

【答案】D

17.—Why are you still waiting in line?

—I've missed my ________.

A.place

B.order

C.turn

D.time

【解析】句意为“你为什么仍然在排队?”“我错过了我的一次机会了。”place “地方”;order “顺序”;turn“轮到的机会”;time“时间”。通过句意可知,只有C项符合题意,故答案为C。

【答案】C

18.—I hear you have to run for half an hour every day.

—Right.It is one of the ________ in my school.

A.choices B.plans C.hobbies D.rules

【解析】句意为“我听说你每天必须跑步半小时。”“是的,这是我们学校的规则之一。”choices “选择”;plans“计划”;hobbies“爱好”;rules“规则”。所以选择答案D。

【答案】D

19.________ mothers can't go to the meeting, because they have gone to New York on business.

A.Alice and Lily's

B.Alice's and Lily's

C.Alice's and Lily

【解析】A选项是指她们共同的母亲;B选项表示她们各自的母亲;C选项没有这种表达形式,首先排除。由后句的they可知,这里指的是她们各自的母亲,因此答案为B。

【答案】B

20.—The land in the southwest of China is in great need of ________.

—Yes, it hasn't rained for a long time there.

A.milk

B.tea

C.coffee

D.water

【解析】根据答语可知西南很需要水,故答案选D。

【答案】D

21.—How far is your home from school?

—It's about two ________ walk.

A.hour's

B.hours

C.hours'

【解析】本题考查名词所有格的用法。两小时的路程表达是“two hours' walk”,hour需要变复数后加“'”,故选C。

【答案】C

22.—I'm not sure about the meaning of the word.

—You'd better look it up in a ________.

A.letter B.dictionary

C.postcard D.notice

【解析】letter“书信”;dictionary“字典、词典”;postcard“卡片”;notice“布告”,根据题意“我不知道这个词语的意思。”“你最好查词典。”知答案选B。

【答案】B

23.—Whose computer doesn't work?

—________,I think.

A.John has B.John does

C.John D.John's

【解析】句意为“谁的计算机出毛病啦?”“约翰的,我想。”故答语应用名词所有格形式,所以答案应选D。

【答案】D

24.—Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus.What shall we do?

—I'm afraid we have no ________ but to take a taxi.

A.choice B.decision

C.reason D.idea

【解析】“have missed the last bus”和“but to take a taxi”可知是别无选择。句意是“哎,天啊,我们已经错过了最后一班车,我们应该怎么办呢?”“我想我们除了乘出租车别无选择了。”

【答案】A

25.—Good morning, madam.Can I help you?

—Sure, I'd like ________,please.

A.two cups of coffees

B.two cup of coffees

C.two cups of coffee

D.two cup of coffee

【解析】coffee 是不可数名词,不能加s,排除A和B;两杯应是two cups,排除D。故选C。

【答案】C

26.—Do you know the young lady over there?

—Yes.She's ________ mother.

A.Lily and Lucy B.Lily's and Lucy's

C.Lily's and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy's

【解析】根据空后的mother可知是两人共有的,两人共有某物时,只需要在后一个词后加's。句意是“你认识那儿的那个年轻女士吗?”“是的,她是莉莉和露西的妈妈。”

【答案】D

27.After walking for more than half an hour, we decided to take ________ rest.

A.a few minute's B.a few minutes'

C.a little minute's D.a little minutes'

【解析】minute是可数名词由a few来修饰且要用复数形式,名词以s结尾时,所有格直接加‘。句意是“走了半个多小时后,我们决定休息几分钟。”故选B。

【答案】B

28.—Where are the________?

—They are playing________ basketball on the playground.

A.man teachers; the B.men teachers; the

C.man teachers; / D.men teachers; /

【解析】man作定语时,两个名词都要变复数;球类运动的短语中,球类之前不可用冠词,故选D。句意是“男老师在哪儿?”“他们正在操场上打篮球。”

【答案】D

29.)Betty has a silk________.She can sing very well.

A.voice

B.look

C.sound

D.noise

【解析】根据“She can sing very well.”可知她的声音很好,人的声音用voice表示。句意是“贝蒂的声音好,她可以唱得非常好。”

【答案】A

30.—Oh, there isn't enough________ for us on the bus.

—No hurry.Let's wait for the next one.

A.floor B.ground

C.room D.place

【解析】根据on the bus和答句可知是没有足够的空间够我们用了。句意是“哎呀,公共汽车上没有我们足够的空间了。”“别着急,让我们等下一趟吧。”

【答案】C

31.I saw many ________ eating grass

on the hill.

A.horse B.cow C.deers D.sheep

【解析】many后跟名词复数,A,B都不是复数,deer和sheep单复数相同,故答案选D。【答案】D

二、根据句意及所给汉语意思写出所缺单词

1.The Great Wall of China is one of the __________(奇迹) of the world.

【解析】“奇迹”为wonder,one of后接复数名词。

【答案】wonders

2.More and more ______________(外国人)come to visit China.

【解析】“外国人”为foreigner;more是many的比较级,后接名词的复数。

【答案】foreigners

3.After three ________(星期) holiday, we came back to work.

【解析】本题考查名词所有格的用法。以s结尾的复数名词的所有格在s后加“'”。

【答案】weeks'

4.To our great ________(惊讶), Tom failed to pass the graduation exam.

【解析】to one's surprise“使某人惊讶的是”。

【答案】surprise

5.He can't see the blackboard clearly, so he needs a pair of ________(眼镜).

【解析】a pair of glasses“一副眼镜”。

【答案】glasses

6.We should pay attention to our behavior and try to be good________(公民).

【解析】由主语we知,要填复数形式citizens。

【答案】citizens

7.They have planted about five ________(千) trees in and around the town in the past few years.

【解析】英语中的hundred,thousand,million,billion等词如果前面有基数词修饰,一律用单数,故填原形thousand。

【答案】thousand

8.The camera was one of the greatest ________(发明) in the 19th century.

【解析】根据空前的“one of the greatest”可知用名词的复数。句意是“照相机是十九世纪最伟大的发明之一。”

【答案】inventions

9.How many times do you brush your________(牙齿) every day?

【解析】tooth的复数形式是teeth。

【答案】teeth

10.Please tell me the________(胜利者) telephone number.I want to interview him.

【解析】句意是“请告诉我胜利者的电话号码,我想采访他。”胜利者是winner,其所有格在其后加's。

【答案】winner's

11.There are many fresh________(土豆) in the supermarket.

【解析】因句中有many, many后接名词的复数,potato的复数是potatoes。

【答案】potatoes

12.Thank you very much for your________(邀请).But I'm so sorry that I can't come to your party tomorrow.

【解析】空白处前有your修饰,故要用名词形式,而invite的名词是invitation。

【答案】invitation

13.Take a short rest after two________(小时) hard work, and you won't feel too tired. 【解析】前面有two,所以应该用hour的复数形式hours的名词所有格。

【答案】hours'

14.Great________(变化) have taken place in our hometown.

【解析】句中的谓语动词是have taken place,因此主语要用复数形式。

【答案】changes

15.A powerful earthquake hit Wenchuan in ________(西南方), China's Sichuan Province on May 12th.

【解析】表示“偏方向”时,先说南北,再说东西,故西南方为southwest。

【答案】southwest

三、根据句意及所给首字母补全单词

1.A ________is the fourth month of the year.

【解析】一年的第四个月份是April。

【答案】April

2.My h________ is collecting stamps.I have collected thousands of stamps.

【解析】集邮是一种爱好,故填hobby。

【答案】hobby

3.Mark Twain was born in the USA and English was his mother t ________.

【解析】mother tongue“母语”。由句意“马克·吐温出生于美国,英语是他的母语。”可知答案。

【答案】tongue

4.My mother is a nurse.She works in a famous h ______.

【解析】由常识知护士工作的地点是医院。

【答案】hospital

5.If you are in danger, remember to dial(拨) the telephone n ________110 at once.

【解析】句意为“如果你遇到危险,记住立刻拨电话号码110。”故填number。

【答案】number

6.—Do you know what the p______ of China is now?

—It's over 1.3 billion.

【解析】由答语知,上句是问现在中国的人口是多少,故填population。

【答案】population

7.New Year is a traditional f________ for Chinese people.

【解析】根据New Year和traditional可知是节日。句意是“新年对中国人来说是传统的节日。”

【答案】festival

8.Tomorrow is my cousin's birthday.I'm going to buy a g________ for her.

【解析】根据“my cousin's birthday”可知想买生日礼物。句意是“明天是我堂妹的生日,我将给她买一件礼物。”

【答案】gift

9.If there's something wrong with your teeth,you'd better go to see a d________.

【解析】根据“something wrong with your teeth”可知要看牙医。句意是“如果你的牙齿出毛病了,你最好去看牙医。”

【答案】dentist

10.W________ is the coldest season of the year.

【解析】根据“the coldest season of the year”可知是winter。句意是“冬天是一年中最冷的季节。”

【答案】Winter

11.We don't go to the c________ much for movies because we have a video.

【解析】根据movies可知是cinema。句意是“我们不经常去电影院看电影,因为我们有一个录像机。”

【答案】cinema

12.When summer comes, day becomes longer and n________ becomes shorter.

【解析】谓语动词是第三人称单数形式,故主语要用单数。

【答案】night

13.P________ are my favourite animals and they live only in China.

【解析】谓语动词是are,因此主语用复数形式。

【答案】Pandas

14.Would you like to see the movie with me? I've got two t________.

【解析】“票”的英文单词为ticket,复数为tickets。

【答案】tickets

15.Mary is such a shy girl that it's hard for her to sing in p________.

【解析】in public为固定词组,在公众场合。

【答案】public

16.Bill wants to buy a new jacket because his old one is out of s________.

【解析】根据句意可知是想买新的,是因为旧的过时了。out of style意为“过时”。句意是“比尔想买一件新夹克,因为他的旧的过时了。”

【答案】style

英语词性的分类及用法

英语词性的分类及用法 一、词性的分类 词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。 1 名词noun n. student 学生 2 代词pronoun pron. you 你 3 形容词adjective adj. happy 高兴的 4 副词adverb adv. quickly 迅速地 5 动词verb v. cut 砍、割 6 数词numeral num. three 三 7 冠词article art. a 一个 8 介词preposition prep. at 在... 9 连词conjunction conj. and 和 10 感叹词interjection interj. oh 哦 前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。 二、名词 名词概论 名词复数的规则变化 其它名词复数的规则变化 1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数:如:two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时: a. 加s,如:photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos; b. 加es,如:potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时: a. 加s,如:belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs; b. 去f, fe 加-ves,如:half---halves

英语名词的用法及练习_完整整理版本

名词: 1、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两类: a、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如:Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of Chin a(中华人民共和国) 专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如:the Great Wall(长城) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。 b、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如:pupil, family, man, foot.

普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 ▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如: box, child, orange; ▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如:water, news, oil, population, information . 2、英语可数名词的单复数:英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成,其主要变法如下: (1)一般情况在词尾加-s,例如: book→books,girl→girls,boy→boys, pen→pens,doctor→doctors, boy→boys。

(2)以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词加-es,例如:bus→buses,class→classes, box→boxes,watch→watches, brush→brushes。 (3)以ce, se, ze,(d)ge结尾的名词加s,例如:orange—oranges。 (4)以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如:city→cities, factory→factories, country→countries, family→families。但要注意的是以元 音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式 只加s,如:boy→boys, day→days。(5)以o结尾的词多数都加-es。例 如:hero→heroes,potato→potatoes,

最新初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练

一、选择题 1.—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it? —It's easy, just follow the_________. A.discussions B.instructions C.resolutions D.directions 2.There are two________ near our school. A.shoe shops B.shoes shops C.shoe's shops D.shoes' shops 3.There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school. A.sports; shoe B.sports; shoes C.sport; shoe D.sport; shoes 4.—What does your mother have for dinner? — A.Chickens and tomato B.Chicken and tomatoes.C.Chicken and tomato.5.Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school. A.boy students; woman teachers B.boy students; women teachers C.boys students; women teachers D.boys students; woman teachers 6.—Look.There’re lots of______her e. —Great.We can make______soup. A.egg;egg B.eggs;egg C.egg;eggs D.eggs;eggs 7.—It’s convenient(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A.two hours drive B.two-hours drive C.two hour’s drive D.two hours’ drive 8.The computer is _______________. A.Amy's and Lily's B.Amy and Lily C.Amy's and Lily D.Amy and Lily's 9.Thanks for the two _______________you gave(给)to me. A.tape player B.tapes players C.tape players D.taper players 10.It's about ten __________ walk from here. A.minutes' B.minute's C.minutes D.minute of 11.—Kate, what do you have ____________ dinner? —I have some____________, And I like them very much. A./; chicken B.for; chicken C./; vegetables D.for; vegetables 12.________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A.Is, rooms B.Are, room C.Are, rooms D.Is, room 13.I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A.wasn’t used; many B.didn’t use; tons of C.used not; many 14.—How far is it from here to the hospital? —It’s about ride. A.fifteen minute’s B.fifteen minutes

be_of_结构用法

be of 结构用法很灵活,在句中可作表语、后置定语或宾补。 一、“be of+ 表示年龄( age )、大小( size )、颜色( color )、重量( weight )、高度( height )、价格( price )、意见( opinion )、形状( shape )、种类( kind )和方法( way )等的名词”,表示“具有……”,说明主语的特征。例如: When I was of your age, I entered the war. 当我是你这个年龄的时候,我就去打仗了。 These flowers are of different colors. 这些花的颜色都不同。 注意:在此结构中,如果后面的名词前有不定冠词 a / an ,则这个冠词相当于 the same .例如: The two boys are of an / the same age. 这两个男孩同龄。 二、“be of + 物质名词”,表示主语是由某种材料制成或由某种成分构成,相当于 be made of,be built of,be made up of 等。例如: The necklace is (made) of glass. 这条项链是由玻璃制成的。 Our class is (made up) of over 50 students.

我们班有 50 多个学生。 三、 be of 还可以表示所属关系,相当于 belong to .例如: China and India are of the third world. 中国与印度同属于第三世界。 Workers and peasants are of one family. 工人和农民是一家。 四、“be of + 形容词最高级”,相当于be one of… .例如: His temper is of the quickest. 他的脾气是最急躁的。 Mr Liu is of the best teachers in our school. 刘老师是我们学校最好的老师之一。 五、“be of+ 抽象名词( value, importance, use, help, interest 等)”相当于“be + 该抽象名词相对应的形容词”。其中 of 表示“具备;具有”, of 不可以省略。例如: They are of great help / very helpful to learners of English. 他们对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。 The press conference seems of great importance / very important.

名词分类1

按意义分类 1.专有名词 表示具体的人,事物,地点,团体或机构的专有名称(第一个字母要大写)例:China 中国 Asia 亚洲 Beijing 北京the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用 定冠词the。如:the Great Wall(长城) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。 地点,团体或机构的专有名称(第一个字母要大写)例:China 中国 Asia 亚洲 Beijing 北京the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如:the Great Wall(长城) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2.普通名词 表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。(例如:teacher 老师tea 茶 reform 改革)普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1. 个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示单个的人和事物。 (car 汽车 room 房间 fan 风扇photo 照片) 2. 集体名词(Collective Nouns): 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 ( people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队 government政府 group 集 团 ) 3. 物质名词(Material Nouns):表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 ( fire 火 steel 钢 air 空气 water 水 milk牛奶 ) 4. 抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。 ( labour 劳动 health 健康 life 生活 friendship友情 patience耐力 ) 按是否可数分类 名词又可分为可数名词(Countable Nouns)和不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns) 不可数名词 不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西;它一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an。抽象名词, 物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词 可数名词 可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西;因此它有复数形式 名词

动名词的用法及练习题

动名词的用法 1.动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,由动词+ ing构成,否定形式为not doing,具有动词和名词的性质,在句中起名词作用,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1)作主语 动名词是由动词变化而来,所以,动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如: Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到要16个小时。 Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。 动名词作主语时,对于一些比较长的动名词短语,一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。例如: It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office. 我从办公室回家要花十分钟。 It needs time to make three copies of it. 把它复制三份需要时间。 It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It's no use arguing with him.

跟他争论没用。 It is no use sending him over. It’s too late already. 派他去没用,已经太晚了。 It was very difficult getting everything ready in time. 要把一切按时准备好很困难。 It is no use waiting for him any longer. 等他是没有用的。 It is no good learning without practice. 学而不实践是没好处的。 It is dangerous using this method to measure the speed of light. 用这种方法去测量光速是危险的。 It is worthwhile consulting your tutor about it again. 很值得再向你的指导老师咨询一下这个问题。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no harm in doing so. 这样做没有害处。 There is no littering about. 不许乱扔杂物。 2)作定语

be of 加名词的用法之令狐文艳创作

一、“ (be)+of+名词”结构表达的意义 令狐文艳 1. "(be)+of+名词"结构中的名词是抽象名词时,相当于其中名词所对应的形容词的意思,说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性。常用的名词有 use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/service/ben efit/necessity等。例如: I don't want to hear what you are saying. It is of no interest to me. 我不想听你说,我对此不感兴趣。(of no interest=not interesting) Doing morning exercises will be of benefit to your health. 做早操对你的健康有利。 Coal is of great importance to the development of industry. 煤对工业发展是相当重要的。(of great importance=very important)

2. "(be)+of +名词"结构中的名词表种类、数量、度量等时,表示不同的人或物的共同特征,此时名词前通常带有冠词。常用的名词有 size/kind/type/price/height/depth/width/length/weight/ age/shape/colour等。例如: We are of the same age. 我们同岁。 The twin sisters are of a size and the skirt fits each of them exactly. 双胞胎姐妹的身材一样,这件裙子两个人穿都非常合适。 Machines are of different types and sizes.机器有不同的型号和规格。 3. "(be)+of+名词"结构可以表示主语的根源关系,此时的名词多是表示亲属、血统、种族、国籍及出处的名词,常用的名词有family/blood/race/origin等。如: We are of the same blood. 我们是同一家族。 They are of noble race. 他们出身名门。 二、“ (be)+of+名词”结构的句法功能 1. 作表语。例如:

英语词性的分类及用法

英语词性的分类及用法 词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。 1 名词noun n. student 学生 2 代词pronoun pron. you 你 3 形容词adjective adj. happy 高兴的 4 副词adverb adv. quickly 迅速地 5 动词verb v. cut 砍、割 6 数词numeral num. three 三 7 冠词article art. a 一个8 介词preposition prep. at 在... 9 连词conjunction conj. and 和10 感叹词interjection interj. oh 哦 前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。 名词(表示人或物名称的词) ?名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词. ?专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China, the United States,等。 ?普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。(普 通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词) ?普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun 2)集体名词:表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family ?(以上两类属于可数名词) 3)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air 4)抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work ?(以上两类属于不可数名词) 代词(代替名词的词) ?代词可以分为下列九类: ? 1. 人称代词:They are my school mates. ? 2. 物主代词:Our friends have great concern for each other. ? 3. 反身代词:Take good care of yourselves. ? 4. 相互代词:We should help each other. ? 5. 指示代词:Who are these people? ? 6. 疑问代词:What are you doing? ?7. 关系代词:She married Tony Harper, who is a student too. ?8. 连接代词:Do you know who did it? ?9. 不定代词:Do you know anything about it? ? ?代词是非常活跃的词,特别是不定代词,比较复杂,我们要熟练掌握。 形容词(修饰名词等,说明事物或人的性质或特征的词) ?形容词可分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度 副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot ,good ,wonderful等. 2) 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也 不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid, alone 等.

(完整版)名词所有格详细讲解及练习题(附答案)

名词所有格的构成、用法及练习 名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者及动作承受者等意义时常需用所有格形式。名词所有格也称为属格、主格,它主要包括's所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式。 名词所有格的用法: 1.0 名词+ ’s (主要用于有生命的事物或自然界独一无二的某些空间和时间名词的所有格) 1.1 单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’s构成所有格,例如: e.g. Jimmy’s book(吉米的书) Jane’s schoolbag(简的书包) Mark’s room (马克的房间) Qi anqian’s mother (倩倩的妈妈) Children’s Day(儿童的节日、六一儿童节) M en’s R oom 男厕所 Wuhan’s summer is very hot. (武汉的夏天非常热。) Qianqian ’s math is very good.(倩倩的数学很好。) 1.2 复数名词以-s结尾的只需要加’ 构成所有格。 e.g. Twins’ father is Mr. Brown. (双胞胎的爸爸是布朗先生。) Girls’ favorite food is ice-cream. (女孩们最喜欢的食物是冰激凌。) the workers’ struggle工人的斗争 2.0 名词+of +名词 如果名词是无生命的,我们通常就要用名词+of +名词的结构来表示所有关系。例如: e.g. A bag of mine= my bag (我的书包) The name of the girl =the girl’s name (女孩的名字) The window of the bedroom = the bedroom’s window(卧室的窗户) 3.0 特殊所有格 若一样东西为两人共有,则后一个人名用所有格;如果不是两人共有,而是各有各的,则两个名词都用所有格,且其后名词应为复数。例如: e.g. This is Tom and Jim’s room. 这是汤姆和吉姆共有的房间。 These are Tom’s and Jim’s rooms. 这些是汤姆和杰森各自的房间。 an hour and a half’s walk (步行一个半小时的路程) 4.0 's所有格所修饰的词的省略现象 4.1 表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词,其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如: e.g. I met her at the doctor's(office).我在诊所遇见了她。 He has gone to the tailor's(shop).他到服装店去了。 She went to Mr.Black's(house)yesterday.她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。 4.2 名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,往往可以省略,以免重复。例如: e.g. Whose pen is this?It's Tom's.这是谁的钢笔?是汤姆的。

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 (1)按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I(宾格)________ 2、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 3、us(主格)________ 4、they(宾格)________ 5、she(宾格)________ 6、you(名词性物主代词)________ 7、it(宾格)________ 8、my(复数)________ 9、him(复数)________ 10、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 11、we(单数)________ 12、they(名词性物主代词)________ 13、I(反身代词)________ 14、you(反身代词)________ 15、she(反身代词)________ 16、he(反身代词)________ 17、it(反身代词)________ 18、I(反身代词)________ (2)选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is(my / I)mother. 2. Nice to meet (your / you). 3.(He / His)name is Mark. 4. What’s(she / her)name? 5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6. Are(your / you)Miss Li? 7.(I/ My)am Ben. 8.(She / Her)is my sister. 9. Fine , thank(your / you). 10. How old is (he / his)? (3)用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. (4)填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊?是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。

名词的分类及基本用法

名词的分类及基本用法 一. 概念: 名词表示人或事物的名称。例词:woman, people, desk, book, 二. 分类: .★名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。 1.专有名词是个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称,如:America , China。专有名词的第一个字母要。 2.普通名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为________名词与__________名词。 ①可数名词(cn), 有_________或___________两种形式。如:an orange, a book, two rooms , some printers. 注意; __________名词前必须+ 冠词a /an / the/one’s 来修饰它. Eg:判断正误 1. There is a book ( ) 2. He is student ( ) 3. Mr. Li is my teacher ( ) ②不可数名词(Un ), 一般没有________形式,如money, water, weather, time, news, ③.还有一些词既可以充当可数名词,也可以充当不可数名词,如; chicken 三.【配套练习】找出下列短文中的专有名词和可数名词及不可数名词 In 1821, a former soldier named Charles Barbier visited the school. Barbier shared his invention called "night writing," a code of twelve raised dots that let soldiers share top-secret information on the battlefield without having to speak. Although the code ended up being too difficult for the average soldier, Braille picked it up quickly. 专有名词________________________________________________________ 可数名词________________________________________________________ 不可数名词______________________________________________________ 四、可数名词的复数形式的变化规则如下: 背诵:可数名词的复数形式变化规则表。

(英语)英语名词练习题含答案

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