六级新题型翻译translation练习1

六级新题型——翻译练习(1)

1.京剧的脸谱（Peking Opera masks）几乎成了中国文化的一个代表性的符号，一种象征。

许多国家举办“中国文化年”，招贴画上往往画着一个大大的京剧脸谱。脸谱有两种用意。

一种是表明剧中人的身份和性格。如“红脸”表示这个人忠勇，“黑脸”表示这个人粗豪，“白脸”表示这个人奸恶。再一种用意是体现人们对这个角色的道德评价和审美（aesthetic）评价，如可敬的、可恨的、崇高的、可笑的，等等。脸谱除了这种含义外，它本身又具有一种色彩美、图案美。

Peking Opera masks are now almost emblematic of China. Many countries design posters using Peking Opera masks to signal a “Year of Chinese Culture”. Masks serve two purpose.

One is to indicate the identity and character of the role. For example, a “red face” means the per son is loyal and brave; a “black face” signifies the person is straightforward; and a “white face” identities the person as crafty and evil. The other purpose is to express people’s appraisal of the roles from a moral and aesthetic point of view, such as responsible, hateful, noble, or ridiculous, etc. Besides being evocative, Peking Opera masks are in and of themselves an art of beautiful colors and designs.

2.舞狮（Lion Dance）大约起源于南北朝时期，到了唐朝，狮子舞已发展为上百人集体表

演的大型歌舞。舞狮在中国是一项传统体育项目，也是一种传统文化艺术，从北方到南方，从城市到乡村，逢年过节及庆典盛事，都可以看到欢快的舞狮。民间认为舞狮可以很好地把百姓的欢喜心情表达出来，也最能烘托热闹气氛。人们相信石子是吉祥瑞兽，而舞狮能够带来好运，所以每逢节日和喜庆活动，都会舞狮助兴，气球吉利如意（luck and fortune）。

The lion dance originated in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, developed into large-scale singing and dancing performed by hundreds of people collectively in the Tang Dynasty. The lion dance is a traditional culture and art. From the North to South, from cities to countries, people can see cheerful lion dances on New Year’s Day and on other festivals and celebrations.

Folk people believe that the lion dance can express people’s feelings of joy, and it can also set off the lively atmosphere. People believe that the lion is the lucky beast that expresses joy and happiness. Therefore, the lion dance plays an important role at official celebrations and happy events to summon luck and fortune.

3.亭是一种常见的中国建筑，指一种有顶没有围墙的建筑形式，也是中国传统建筑的一部

分。中国亭一般是木质、石质或竹制的，形状各异。但它们的基本结构相同：一个屋顶，几根柱子，没有墙壁。亭有许多功能。路边的亭被称为凉亭，在夏季可为疲惫的旅人提供一个遮阳休息之地。也有建在桥上或水井上的带天窗的亭，阳光可以透过天窗（dormer windows）射入井底。隋唐时期，一些富有的官员和文人（scholars）在自家花园里修建亭子。自此，亭子的使用功能减弱，审美功能增强。

A common sight in the country, the Chinese Pavilion is covered structure without surrounding

walls and also a part of traditional Chinese architecture. The Chinese pavilion is built normally wither of wood or stone or bamboo and may be in any of several plan figures. But all pavilion described as ting have this in common: they have columns to support the roof, but no walls. Pavilions also serve diverse purpose. The wayside pavilion is called liangting to provide weary wayfarers with a place for a rest and a shelter in summer from the sun. Pavilion also stand on some bridges or over water wells. In the latter case, dormer windows are built to allow the sun to cast its rays into the wells. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties wealthy

officials and scholars incorporated pavilions into their personal gardens. During this period the function of pavilions shifted from the practical to the aesthetic.

4. 风水源于中国人对于大自然的敬畏（reverence），及对自然界万事万物统一性(oneness)

的信仰。人们认为过上和谐生活的关键是要再日常生活中体现出自然界的平衡。风水代表了我们的祖先对自然界的简单认识。如今，风水在人们的生活中仍然发挥着重要的作用。很多人会根据风水的原则装饰自己的住宅，以求改善生活质量。例如，床不能太靠近窗户，因为光线会直接影响睡眠质量。镜子不能挂在床对面的墙上，以免在夜间被自己的镜像吓到。

Fengshui has its roots in the Chinese reverence for nature and belief in the oneness of all things. The assumption is that the key to living a harmonious life is for people to reflect the balance of nature in their daily life. Fengshui embodies a simple recognition of nature by our Chinese ancestors. Nowadays, Fengshui still plays an important role in people’s life. To improve their quality of life, many people decorate their houses according to Fengshui rules.

For example, beds should not be put too close to windows because beams of light would directly affect the quality of sleep. Mirrors should not be hung on walls opposite beds in case you may be scared by the reflections at night.

5. 京剧是中国流行最广、影响最大的一个剧种，有近200年的历史。京剧在形成的过程中，

吸收了许多地方戏的精华，又收到北京方言贺风俗习惯的影响。京剧虽然诞生在北京，但不仅仅是北京的地方戏。中国各地都有演出京剧的剧团。目前上演的京剧主要有传统剧、新编历史剧和现代戏三大类。京剧作为中国民族戏曲的精华，在国内外都有很大的影响。许多京剧表演艺术家也曾到师姐各地访问演出，收到了各国人民的喜爱。

Peking Opera is the most popular and influential opera in China with a history of almost 200years. In the course of its formation, it assimilated the best from many other local operas and was affected by Beijing local dialect and customs. Though Peking Opera originated from Beijing, it is not a localized opera exclusive to Beijing only. What are staged today are primarily three types, namely, traditional Beijing Operas, newly composed historical ones and modern ones. Beijing Opera, as the national opera, enjoys a high reputation both inside and outside China. Many famous opera actors and actresses have frequently been invited to perform abroad and have been highly appreciated by foreign audiences.

6. 农历八月十五，是中国传统节日中秋节。中秋节这天，中国人有赏月和吃月饼的习俗。

秋季，天气晴朗凉爽，天上很少出现浮云，夜空中的月亮也显得特别明亮。八月十五的晚上是月圆之夜，成了人民赏月的最好时光。人们把圆月看作团圆（reunion）美满的象征，所以中秋节又叫“团圆节”。中秋节的晚上，全家人坐在一起赏月、吃月饼，心里充满了丰收的喜悦和团聚的欢乐。这时，远离家乡的人也会仰望明月，思念故乡和亲人。

The 15th day of the eighth lunar month is China’s traditi onal Mid-Autumn Festival. On that day, the Chinese have custom of admiring the moon and eating moon cakes. In autumn, it is fine and cool, with few floating clouds in the sky and the moon at night seems particularly bright. This is especially true on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. Since people consider the full moon as the Mid-Autumn Festival, the whole family will sit together to admire the moon and eat moon cakes, filled with happiness for the bumper harvest and a family reunion.

At that time, people far away from hometown will also look up at the moon and miss their hometown and family.

7. 在指南针发明以前，人们在茫茫大海上航行，只能靠太阳和星星的位置辨认方向，如果

遇上阴雨天，就会迷失方向。是中国人发明的指南针帮助人们解决了这个难题。指南针是指示方向的一起。早在战国时期(the Warring States Period (475 BC-221BC))，中国人就发现了磁石(magnet)指示南北的特性，并根据这种特性职称了指示方向的一起——司南(sinan)。到了宋代，人们制成了“罗盘”(luopan)。指南针的发明，给航海事业带来了划时代的影响，师姐航运史也由此翻开了新的一页。

Before the compass was invented, most people identified the direction at sea, only depending upon the position of the sun and stars. If it was cloudy or rainy, people would lose the direction in this way. It was the compass, invented by the Chinese people, which solved this problem.

The compass is the instrument used for indicating direction. As early as the Warring States Period (475 BC-221BC), the Chinese discovered that a magnet could be applied to indicate the south and north, and a direction-indicating instrument sinan was made on the basis of this feature. In the Song Dynasty, people created a proper compass called luopan. The invention of the compass had an epoch-making influence on navigation, thereby opening up a new era in the history of international navigation.

2019大学英语六级翻译新题型预测题：汉语教学

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in America are scrambling to add Mandarin to their curricula of foreign languages or expanding Chinese language programs already in place. By some estimates, as many as 50 000 children nationwide are taking Mandarin in American schools. To develop Chinese-language programs has met some difficulties. A shortage of professionally trained teachers with certificates has made it difficult for some schools to join the competition. When schools need to employ teachers, they often recruit them from China directly, which is a hidden trouble for culture clash.

六级翻译新题型常见话题

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英语六级翻译必备词汇——中国文化

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2019年六级翻译新题型预测：丁克家庭

2019年六级翻译新题型预测：丁克家庭 中国有一句俗语叫做“不孝有三，无后为大”。但现在，很多时尚的 年轻夫妇选择不生育孩子的生活方式，组建了丁克家庭。很多夫妻担 心无法给孩子提供优越的生活条件，选择成为丁克家庭。现在，孩子 的教育费用比过去高很多。在大城市，送孩子上好一点的幼儿园要花 费巨资，重点中小学的学费更高。还有一些夫妻成为丁克家庭是迫不 得已。当他们做好准备生育孩子时，已经错过了生育年龄。 A popular saying has it that “There are three forms of unfilial conduct, of which the worst is to have no descendants.”But now, it is quite fashionable for many young couples to choose a lifestyle without kids and organize the DINK family. Some couples who choose DINK family are fearful that they cannot provide favourable living conditions for children. Nowadays, the cost of educating a child is much higher than that of the past. In a big city, to send a child to a better kindergarten takes a large amount of money and the key primary or secondary schools are even more expensive. Some couples who have chosen DINK family are obliged to do so. When they make preparations for having a baby, it is a pity that they have missed the most fertile years.

2020年六级翻译新题型强化训练及译文(7)

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2020年英语六级翻译新题型预测：四大文明古国之一

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英语四六级新题型——段落翻译

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六级新题型段落翻译练习

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英语六级翻译新题型预测：四大文明古国之一 中国位于亚洲东部，它是世界上人口最多的国家。中国是四大文明古国之一，地大物博，拥有茂密的深林、雄伟壮丽的瀑布(waterfalls)、秀丽的湖泊、如利剑直插云霄的山峰以及富有中华文化光辉的古迹(antiquity)，令世界各国人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中国具有五千多年的历史，遗留下无数的历史文物(historical relics).包括珍贵珠宝、古迹名胜、宫殿(palaces)及数不尽的雄伟建筑，令人惊叹不已。这种种原因都促使中国成为许多人梦寐以求的旅游胜地。 参考译文 China lies in the east of Asia. It is a country which is the most densely populated in the world. China is one of the four countries in the world with an ancient civilization. It has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the skies like swords. Besides, it contains historic remains of glorious Chinese antiquity. All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world. But, most importantly, China is possessed of a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearl sand jewels, historic sites and scenic spots, palaces and ,edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won people's admiration. You are sure to find great enjoyment of all these attractions in China, a

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（3）原文：要了解中国文化，就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解。中国地方戏种类很多，其中京剧是一个具有代表性的剧种。作为一个独立的剧种，京剧的诞生大约是在1840年至I860年。京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养的基础上形成的。京剧有明确的角色分工;在念白上用北京方言;在音乐上以胡琴为主要伴奏乐器。由于京剧是在融合各种地方戏之精华的基础上形成的，所以它不仅为北京的观众所钟爱，也受到全国人民的喜爱。 （4）原文：中欧经济贸易合作取得了可喜的成果。欧盟巳经成为中国的重要经贸伙伴，是中国最大的技术供应方、第三大贸易伙伴和第五大实际投资方。2001年，中欧贸易达到766亿美元，比上一年增长11%，尤其是中国从欧盟的进口增长了 15.8%。我非常赞赏欧中贸协(Europe-China Business Association)与比中经贸理事会 (Belgium-Chinese Economic and Commercial Council)为发展中欧关系所做出的努力。中欧经济贸易合作具有广阔的前景。中欧经济具有很强的互补性，在贸易、投资、科技等领域具有很大的合作潜力。

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世界总人口的22%。在过去相当长的时期里，由于诸多原因，贫困一直困扰着中国。20世纪80年代中期，中国农村绝大多数地区凭借自身的发展优势，经济得到快速增长，但少数地区由于经济、社会、历史、自然等方面的制约，发展相对滞后。中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发 展的进程中，在全国范围内实施了以解决贫困人口温饱问题为主要目标的有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发，极大地缓解了贫困

现象。 参考答案 China is the largest developing country in the world and its population accounts for about 22 percent of the world's total. For a long period of its history, China has been plagued by poverty for various reasons. In the mid-1980s, the economy of an overwhelming majority of the rural areas in China grew dramatically by virtue of their own advantages, but a small number of areas still lagged behind because of the constraints of their economic, social,

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最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.sodocs.net/doc/694563803.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） 5) 顺序法 顺序法翻译不改变原文表达语序，不会影响对原文内容的理解。 例 1 即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时，电仍然为我们工作：开动电冰箱，把水加热，或使室内空调机继续运转。 译文: Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep ,electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating ourwater, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. 在句子中，句子前半部分是一个让步状语从句，后半句的"开动"，"加热"，"使......运转"都是"电在为我们工作"的具体内容。因而在译文中，译者将这三个并行动作处理成了V-ing形式，补充说明working的内容。译文按照原句的语序完全传达了原文的意思，采用顺序法翻译，达到了"精确，通顺"的目的。 例2 It was a Saturday evening, when Tom was lying on the bench ofthe school listening to a blackbird and composing a lyric, that he sawthe girls running among the trees, with the red-cheeked Joe in swiftpursuit. 译文: 那是周六的傍晚，汤姆正躺在学校的长凳上，一面听画眉鸟唱歌，一面写一首抒情诗，忽然看见女孩子们在树林里奔跑，后面紧跟着那红脸的乔。 原句里一连串出现了一系列的动词如：lying, listening, composing, saw，这是按汤姆进行这些动作的先后顺序来描述的，如果在译文中打乱这些顺序，就反而会显得凌乱，没有逻辑。 6)逆序法 逆序法根据目标语使用者表达习惯与目标语读者的认知能力，按原文语序反向翻译，以便更好地传达原文的内容。 例 3 他经常做礼拜的时候，总坐在固定的座位上，可是那天他们发现他不坐在老地方。 请读者比较下面两句译文，你认为哪一句较好? 译文1:When he attended worship, he always took a certain seat, but they found that he took a different one that day.

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1.中医是中华文化不可分割的一部分，为振兴华夏做出了巨大的贡献。如今，中医和西医在中国的医疗保健领域并驾齐驱。中医以其独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料，备受世界瞩目。中国的中医事业由国家中医药管理局(State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology)负责。现在国家巳经出台了管理中医的政策、法令和法规，引导并促进这个新兴产业的研究和开发。在定义上，中医是指导中国传统医药理论和实践的一种医学，它包括中医疗法、中草药、针灸、推拿和气功。 参考答案： Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an integral part of Chinese culture. It has made great contributions to the prosperity of China. Today both TCM and western medicine are being used in providing medical and health services in China. TCM, with its unique diagnostic methods, systematic approach, abundant historical literature and materials, has attracted a lot of attention from the international community. In China, TCM is under the administration of State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology. National strategies, laws and regulations governing TCM are now in place to guide and promote the research and development in this promising industry. TCM is defined as a medical science governing the theory and practice of traditional Chinese medicine. It includes Chinese medication, Chinese herbs, acupuncture, massage and Qigong. 难点精析： 1.不可分割的一部分：可译为an integral part。 2.为振兴华夏做出了巨大的贲献：可译为has made great contributions to the prosperity of China，其中“华夏”：即“中国”或“中华”，可直接译为China; “振兴”此处翻译成了名词形式prosperity,还可译为revitali zation;“做出了巨大的贡献”可译为has made great contributions。 3.并驾齐驱：此处指两者(中医和西医)都得以应用，可简单地翻译为both are being used。 4.独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料：三个并列的名词短语，可分别译为unique ：I diagnostic methods, systematic approach和abundant historical literature and materials; “典籍材料”可理解为历史文献资料，翻译为historical literature and materials。 5.引导并促进这一新兴产业的研究和开发：“引导”译为guide; “促进”可译为promote，还可译为facilitate或further; “新兴产业，，可译为promising industry,还可译为new industry或emerging industry。 6.中医疗法：译为Chinese medication。 2．京剧是中国流行最广、影响最大的一个剧种，有近200年的历史。京剧在形成的过程中，吸收了许多地方戏的精华，又收到北京方言贺风俗习惯的影响。京剧虽然诞生在北京，但不仅仅是北京的地方戏。中国各地都有演出京剧的剧团。目前上演的京剧主要有传统剧、新编历史剧和现代戏三大类。京剧作为中国民族戏曲的精华，在国内外都有很大的影响。许多京剧表演艺术家也曾到世界各地访问演出，收到了各国人民的喜爱。 Peking Opera is the most popular and influential opera in China with a history of almost 200years. In the course of its formation, it assimilated the best from many other local operas and was affected by Beijing local dialect and customs. Though Peking Opera originated from Beijing, it is not a localized opera exclusive to Beijing only. What are staged today are primarily three types, namely, traditional Beijing Operas, newly composed historical ones and modern ones. Beijing Opera, as the national opera, enjoys a high reputation both inside and outside China. Many famous opera actors and actresses have frequently been invited to perform abroad and have been highly appreciated by foreign audiences. 3. 儒家思想是中国传统文化的基石。它出现在大约2500年前的春秋时期（the Spring and Autumn Period）,是建立在夏、商、周的传统文化之上，并由孔子创立的完整观念体系（ideological system）。儒家思想博大精深，涵盖了人性、政治、法律、教育、哲学、道德各个领域。如家文化以人本哲