研究生英语翻译答案资料讲解

1.。。Scotland

As you linger on the mountain pass to admire the rugged reflection of Beinn an Lochain in the waters of Loch Restil, spare a thought for the weary sheep drovers who used to pause here for breath after the long steep climb from Loch Fyne. "Rest and Be Thankful" is the name of this spot, a title coined by the soldiers who built the first road here 250 years ago. Since then its wild beauty has thrilled generations of crofters and passing travelers .and now you.

当你流连与此山口，赞赏雷斯蒂尔湖中贝尔安山嶙峋的倒影时，请想想从前那些疲惫的赶羊人吧！他们从法恩湾出发，沿陡峭山路，经长途跋涉，然后在此歇息。这个山口就叫“歇恩山口”，此名是250年前在此修长第一条道路的士兵们给起的。从那以后，这里的自然美景便令一代代农人和游客陶醉，而今又令你怦然心动。

2.。。一个美丽的小四合院

胡同，是中国传统的街区形式，四合院则是中国的传统民居。四合院最早在西周时期就出现了，有三千多年的历史。北京是元，明，清，三代的都城，北京的四合院自然成为中国传统民居的集大成者，其精美的建筑和丰富的文化内涵常常让参观者流连忘返。金碧辉煌的皇城故宫和青砖灰瓦的胡同四合院共同构成了北京城的独特魅力。

Traditional Chinese neighborhood is called Hutong and traditional Chinese residence for city dwellers is known as Siheyuan--a courtyard with one-storey houses on four sides .Courtyard house came into existence as early as in the Western Zhou Dynasty dating back to over 3000 years ago .As Beijing served respectively as the capital of three dynasties, namely the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty ,needless to say, the courtyard house in Beijing represents the quintessence of traditional Chinese residential houses .Their exquisite architecture and rich cultural connotation are so inviting to their visitors that many of them simply cannot tear themselves away from it .The magnificent imperial city, now popularly known as the Palace Museum, together with the residential compound of grey bricks and tiles contribute to the unique attraction of the city.

3...Walk It Off

When it comes to walking off those millennial excesses, a lengthy hike once a day will do you far more good than nipping down to the shops every couple of hours--even if the short walks add up to same amount of time, say exercise researchers in Britain. But walks of any length beat sitting at home with your feet up and watching television ,they stress.

英国研究运动的人士说，就散步减肥而言，每天做一次长距离步行给你带来的好处远远超过每隔几小时逛一次商场-----即便短距离步行累计的时间相同。不过，他们强调说，不过步行的距离有多少，都比待在家里架着双腿看电视要好的多。

4.。。无题

静下来想想，我这样一个出身贫寒。经历坎坷的人，居然能活到92岁，实在有点奇怪。过了80岁，经常有人问我，有什么养生之道，我不仅不懂得养生，而且还有一些不好的习惯。

Often ,in my calm moment of contemplation ,I find it amazing that a man like me who

was born of a poor family and has suffered a lifetime of frustrations should have lived to the age of 92.When I was in my eighties, people often asked me for advice on how to keep in good health. But the fact is , instead of a recipe for healthy living, I have some very bad habits.

人世间，万事万物，都有一定的规律，掌握了这个规律，才能改革和创造，我认为，习惯不属于意识形态范围，它有一种“惯性”。所以，古人说：习之难改也甚矣。当然，这是说难改，不是说不能改。只要下了决心，持之以恒，习惯也还是可以改的。

In this human world , things all go by certain rules .Only by grasping these rules can we make reforms and create. I think habits do not come under the category of ideology, but have something to do with inertia. That's why the ancients say ,"Old habits die hard " Nevertheless, it doesn't mean that habits are impossible of being broken. With strong resolution and perseverance, we can certainly break ourselves of old habits.

5..Globalization of Sporting Culture

Massive changes in all of the world's deeply cherished sporting habits are underway. Whether it's one of London's parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the Superbowl rivaling the British Football Cup final as a televised spectator event in Britain ,the patterns of players and spectators are changing beyond recognition .We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture.

世界上广为人们接受的运动习惯正发生着巨大的变化。的公园里到处是玩垒球的人，而俄罗斯人爱上了橄榄球，美国橄榄球联合会超级杯赛和英国足球杯总决赛更是成为英国电视观众竞相争看的赛事。运动员和观众的行为都在发生着变化，让人难以捉摸。我们正目睹着体育文化步入全球化的过程。

6.。。世界文明共存

进入21世纪，世界形势继续发生深刻变化，多极化与经济全球化在曲折中深入发展，新情况，新矛盾层出不穷。随着经济全球化的发展，许多西方学者热衷于探讨不同文明之间的关系。在不少学者的论点背后，可以感觉到西方文明优越论的强烈色彩。许多西方学者甚至认为，如果没有西方价值观体系，就没有任何社会可以真正的实现现代化。亚洲国家也有不少人开始怀疑自身的文化传统能否孕育出现代化精神。

Since the arrival of 21st century , the world has continued to undergo profound changes. World multi-polarization and economic globalization are developing in greater depth amid twists and turns with new troubles and contradictions emerging one after another .With the development of economic globalization, many scholars in the West have taken great interest in discussing the relationship between different civilizations. However ,behind the arguments of some scholars, one can discern a strong sense of superiority of Western civilization. Quite a few Western scholars even believe that without embracing the Western value system, no society in the world would ever be able to achieve modernization. Many people in Asian countries have also begun to doubt if their own cultural tradition can nurture the spirit of modernization.

7..总之，不同文明之间的相处应超越社会制度和意识形态的差异。各国应努力寻求共同利益的汇合点，遵循世界是丰富多彩的原则，采取相互学习，取长补短的积极态度，以利共同发展，而不应用一种政治制度和发展模式去规范整个世界。In general, it's essential for civilizations to coesist with each other by transcending different social systems and ideology. All countries should work hard to seek convergence of common interests, honor the principle that the world is colorful and diversified ,and adopt a positive attitude of learning from each other to make up for their respective deficiencies in the interest of common development. It's not acceptable to model the whole world after one political system or development pattern.

8...Etiquette(礼仪)

To be able to answer the question "Is etiquette important?" one must have an understanding of the true meaning of the word. There is no simple definition of synonym, but to me "consideration" comes the closest. All good manners are based on thoughtfulness for others, and if everyone lived by the Golden Rule --"Do unto others as you would have others do unto you"-there would be no bad manners in the world .There have been many attempts to define "etiquette" over the years ,but my own particular favourite was found in an old grammar book. It is ,Politeness is to do and say The kindest thing in the kindest way.

“礼仪重要吗？”若要回答这个问题，我们必须懂得“礼仪”一词的真正含义。我们无法把这个词简单地定义或给出某个同义词，而在我看来，“体谅”则是最贴切的诠释。一切礼貌的行为举止皆以体贴他人为基础。如果人人都能遵循“你想别人怎样对待你，就要怎么对待别人”这一黄金法则，这世界上也就不会有不礼貌的行为了。多年来，很多人都试图给“礼仪”定义，但我特别喜爱的解释是在一本古老的语法书中发现的，书中这样写到，“以最码头的方式去说最码头的话，做最码头的事，这就是礼貌。”

9...中国神话的特点

一，神话与历史难以分开。在中国有文字记载的历史以前的历史，部分地根据传说，而传说和神话是交结在一起的，如伏羲，神农，黄帝，夏禹这些古代的英雄和领袖，既是传说中的历史人物，也是神话中的重要角色。古代神话在很大程度上历史化了。反过来说，古代历史也在某种程度上神话化了。

1.Mythical stories are entwined with history. The history of the long period before recorded history began is partly based on legend ,which is interwoven with mythology. Such ancient heroes and leaders as Fuxi, Shengnong, Huangdi and Yu are both historical figures according to legend and important characters in mythical stories. Ancient mythology was to a great extent made historical. On the other hand ,ancient history was to a certain extent made mythical.

10...中国的环保国策

中国作为一个发展中国家，面临着发展经济和保护环境的双重任务。然而，我国人口众多，资源相对不足，经济规模越来越大，经济发展与资源和环境之间的矛盾日益突出。环境污染严重，生态状况恶化，资源耗费巨大，回收率低而导致环

境破坏等问题，已成为中国经济保持可持续发展的瓶颈。

As a developing country ,China is faced with the dual tasks of developing its economy and protecting the environment .However, China suffers an increasing disparity between economic development and natural resources and the environment with a large population, relative insufficiency in natural resources and expanding economy. The serious environmental problem caused by severe pollution, deteriorating ecological conditions, huge consumption of resources and low reclamation has already become a bottleneck for the sustainable development of the Chinese economy.

11.New Class War :Teacher vs Technology

Halfway through the semester in this market research course at Roanoke College last fall, only moments after announcing a policy of zero tolerance for cellphone use in the classroom，Prof.Ali Nazemi heard a telltale ring .Then he spotted a young man named Neil Noland fumbling with his phone , trying to turn it off before being caught.

去年秋天，罗阿诺克学院阿里·纳齐米教授的市场研究课程业已学期过半。有一天他宣布在他的课堂上对使用手机采取零容忍政策。话音未落，就听到明显的手机铃声。他循声望去，发现一个名叫尼尔·诺兰的年轻人正手忙脚乱地摆弄手机，试图在被抓之前关掉它。

12.别为了成功而抛弃快乐。

一位大学生曾经告诉我，“我不需要快乐，只需要成功。”当时，我并没有反驳，毕竟是学生吗，说话总是出语惊人。说真的，我喜欢这种谈吐风格。然而，一旦你开始慢慢接受这种主张，它就会让你感到不安。这位学生如此草率地了快乐，似乎说，“让我们去追求人生更重要的东西-事业上的成功。”

A college student once told me ,"I don't need to be happy-just successful. "At the time, I let it pass--students, after all ,regularly say surprising things .Indeed ,I like this quality in their conversations. But this assertion has an unsetting quality to it once you let it seep in. The student dismisses happiness in such a perfunctory way .It's as if she is saying, "Let's get on to the important stuff--professional success."

2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析

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94年-14年历年考研英语翻译必背词汇英汉对照

94年-14年历年考研英语翻译必背词汇（英汉对照） 46) articulate 清晰的表达， 47) by all accounts根据、根据报道；by one’s own account根据某人自己所说，let alone更别提， 48) intensity紧张，abruptly突然地，sudden突然，soft柔和的，passage段落，rarely很少、几乎不，composer作曲家，compose作曲、编写, 49) associate联系， 50) suffer遭受, inevitable不可避免, render转换、使变成； 13年 46) strike打、震撼，for all尽管，style风格，urge需求、督促、鼓励，decoration装饰， 47)sacred神圣的，crude原始、粗糙，as opposed to与相反，shelter避难所， 48) in effect实际上，urban城市，discernible容易看出的，discern看出、识别， 49)blame批评， 50)implicit隐含的，explicit明确的，reference谈到、提及、参考，synthetic人造的； 12年 46) impulse冲动，unification统一、一致， generative生产的、生成的，generate产生， 47) constrain力劝、强迫、限制，constraint限制， 48) filter过滤, cognitive认知的， 49) empirical实证的、根据经验得到的, bias偏见， 50) track跟踪； 11年 46) erroneous错误的，error错误， 47) sustain支持、维持，illusion幻觉，conscious有意识的， 48) justification合理，借口，justify证明是公正的，rationalization合理，exploitation剥削、开发, bottom底， 49) circumstance环境， 50) upside积极的、正面的，contain包含，be up to取决于，array展示、陈列、一系列； 10年 46) rescue拯救，to the effect that大意是说，failed to不能，

2021翻译硕士MTI《英语翻译基础》考研复习笔记备考

2021翻译硕士MTI《英语翻译基础》考研复习笔记 备考

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研究生专业英语 第一到第六单元 句子翻译 修改版

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与其他不少考研热门专业一样，英语专业研究生招生的研究方向设置非常细，不同学校的方向设置类别不一，名称也各异。 比如上海外国语大学英语语言文学专业下设有语言方向、文学方向、教学法方向、翻译学方向、口译学方向、英语国家文化方向、跨文化交际方向7个方向。而同样是外语类专业院校，北京外国语大学该专业设置的研究方向明显不同，广东外语外贸大学该专业设置的8个研究方向更与前两所学校无一相同。 在这种情况下，不少备考英语专业的同学对“如何选择研究方向”这样的问题一头雾水，也就不足为怪了。 就英语专业考研而言，外国语言文学下设置的二级学科很多，包括英语语言文学、俄语语言文学、法语语言文学、德语语言文学、日语语言文学、印度语言文学、阿拉伯语语言文学、欧洲语言文学、亚非语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学11个学科。其中，涉及英语专业的二级学科主要有3个：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学。 一般院校的英语专业多设置英语语言文学和外国语言学及应用语言学两个专业，所以，英语专业考研的专业设置其实比较简单，一般就是两大专业。不过，这两个专业被不同学校细化研究方向以后，就变得复杂了。如前面说到的上海外国语大学英语语言文学专业下设有7个方向，这7个方向进一步细分，小的研究方向达37个之多。 英语专业的研究方向虽名目众多，却也并非杂乱无章，其设置仍是遵循一定规律的。粗略分析，这些研究方向可分为传统研究方向和新兴研究方向两大类。 传统研究方向 传统研究方向，顾名思义，指的是设置多年的老牌研究方向，这些研究方向一般学校都有开设。 1. 文学方向 开设学校：全国绝大部分招收英语专业研究生的学校。据2007年的招生统计，仅有17所招收英语专业研究生的学校没有开设文学方向。 研究内容：主要研究英美文学研究领域中的重大问题，目的在于提高文学素养、理论水平和研究能力。 就业方向：此方向开设学校多，招生人数较多，就业范围非常广泛，一般为教师、研究人员。所学课程：西方文论、美国经典文学、美国现当代文学、英国经典文学、文学批评、英国文学选读、美国文学选读、17～19世纪英国文学研究、希腊戏剧研究、英国长篇小说选读、美国长篇小说选读、英国诗歌选读、美国诗歌选读、英美散文鉴赏、王尔德戏剧欣赏、英国短篇小说欣赏、美国短篇小说鉴赏、英美戏剧鉴赏、中国文学史、中国古典文学选读等。 2. 语言学 开设学校：全国绝大部分招收英语专业研究生的学校。据2007年的招生统计，仅有9所招收英语专业研究生的学校没有开设语言学方向。 研究内容：语言学是我国高校近年来普遍设置的一个综合性的语言研究学科。主要学习语言学理论及语言在各种学科中的应用，不同学校侧重点有所不同。 通过大量阅读有关文献、论文和最新的研究成果报告，使学生对于语言学的形成和发展有进一步的了解，并了解现代语言学的最新动向和最新发展。语言学特别强调和重视研究生的广泛阅读，包括专业的外语期刊和近几年的语言学相关论文。 就业方向：该专业理论性较强，主要面向大中专教师及研究人员。 所学课程：语言学概论、语用学与话语分析、应用语言学、现代语法学、语义学、语用学、英语语体学与文体学、语篇分析等。 3. 英美文化研究 开设学校：南京大学、上海外国语大学、天津师范大学等。

研究生英语综合教程(上)熊海虹课后部分翻译答案 (1)1

第一单元 “一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。 “Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting …there? faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move q uickly, but you have to know how t o decide where …there? is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.” 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation. 第四单元 很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因，人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中(如孤儿院，某些寄养家庭，或缺乏关爱的家庭)长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults. It is for these reasons thatpeople's early intimate relationships within their family of origin1 are so critical. Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanage, some foster homes, or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems. 一开始让人相互吸引的是什么?许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”，而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现实。实证研究发现，是文化标准和价值观而非命运，将人们连系在一起。我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局，这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。 What attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that "there's one person out there that one is meant for" and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are "filtered out" by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due ton factors such as age, race, distance, Social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearanc e. 第五单元 做瑜伽没有场地的限制，一套瑜伽动作通常需要20 分钟到两个小时或者更多的时间，而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。根据瑜伽师和学派的不同，一些瑜伽动作做起来辛苦异常，而另一些却只是在呼吸和心跳平稳的情况下调整和伸展肢体。每天练习瑜伽会达到最好的效果，随着动作越来越熟练，你就可以加大强度和难度这样瑜伽就能成为你相伴终生的日常锻炼方式了。练习基础的瑜伽动作即可收到增强力量，改善柔韧性并使人感到舒适的效果，但要想达到完美和高深的境界还是需要日积月累的练习，这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。 Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation. Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady. Yoga achieves its best results when it is practiced as a daily discipline, and yoga can be a life-long exercise routine, offering deeper and more challenging positions as a practitioner becomes more adept. The basic positions can increase a person?s strength, flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many. 第七单元 人性的恒定性是众所周知的，因为没有人相信一个人能够从根本上改变他的本性。这就是为什么一个恶名远扬的人很难重建公众对他的信心。人们凭经验知道某一年中表现出无赖性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改观。小偷也不会变成值得信赖的员工。吝