教老外汉语20个简单的句子

Savvy Chat Chinese – 20 Questions to Basic Fluency

20 Questions to Basic Fluency:

Guide to Basic Conversational Mandarin

by Matt Sikora

First Edition, 2012

Editor: Seraph Ching

Contact Information:

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/profile/mtska

https://https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/u/0/117895081310002069781/about

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/pub/matthew-sikora/a/473/a35

Savvy Chat Chinese: 20 Questions to Basic Fluency by Matt Sikora is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/licenses/by/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.

Savvy Chat Chinese – 20 Questions to Basic Fluency

How to use this book

Conversation is the heart of language learning. Talking with someone in another language

develops your listening skills while giving you the speaking practice that you need. But

conversing in another language can be hard to manage when you are first starting out. Savvy Chat Chinese – 20 Questions to Basic Fluency is homebase for developing your Mandarin

Chinese communication skills. It is not only a guide for you, but it is also a guide for your

language partner. Conversation is all about improvising within the linguistic and cultural rules of the language. This book allows you improvise with a manageable number of high frequency questions and answer and it gives your language partner a guide as to how to help you so that you can both make the most of your time. Below are some suggestions on how to use Savvy Chat Chinese – 20 Questions to Basic Fluency:

1. Read the book – Read the book all the way through. It gives you a unique perspective on the

grammar at work behind the patterns and characters used in the questions and answers.

2. Personalize the book – Take some time to personalize the questions and answers in this book

with your own information. If someone asks you one of these questions it is important for you to be able to come up with a response with your own information. Write out your answers (or your likely answers) to each of the 20 questions and keep that list handy.

3. Chat – Whether you are face to face or texting - communicating with real people is still the

best way to learn a language. You need to use the questions and answers in this book as often as you can. You don’t need to be perfect. In fact, you absolutely have to make mistakes in order to learn languages. No one, native speaker or foreigner, young or old, has ever learned Mandarin without going through the same thing that you are going through right now. If you have a

language partner, let the person know that you are focusing on these 20 questions and answers and give the person a copy of them so he or she can help you. You will be able to make the most of your time if both of you are using these questions and answers in your conversations.

Enriching your studies

The fastest way to learn Mandarin is to go live where Mandarin is spoken for a year or more. Be sure to only use Mandarin and stay away from anyone that speaks to you in any other language. If you are in a position in your life to do this, stop reading right now and get going. You won’t regret it.

But chances are that your learning experience has been and will be a bit more fragmented than what was described above. This book is great for learning how to start communicating with people in Mandarin, but it is not enough. You need to immerse yourself in the language as much as you can and no book can ever take the place of living your life in the Chinese language and culture. There are two simple rules for learning languages that you should try to keep in mind:

1. There is no substitute for repetition.

2. Never let yourself get bored.

You can’t possibly use the 20 questions and answers in this book too much. They make up the basis of daily conversation and even after you have mastered them you will still use them all the time. But if the only thing you do is use these 20 questions and answers you’ll probably become bored with it and lose your motivation before you master them. Be sure to seek out things that interest you and allow yourself to get distracted every so often. Follow your bliss and you’ll be a much happier Mandarin learner. Come back to the 20 Questions to Basic Fluency whenever you need them, but don’t put on the blinders to what else is out there. Happy chatting!

Background

Savvy Chat Chinese – 20 Questions to Basic Fluency was developed and written as a communication guide for Mandarin language learners who are ready to put their language skills to use. The questions cover some of the most high frequency grammar patterns, vocabulary and

communication situations that you will need to know at the basic level. This book is designed to guide your communication skills to the Novice-High Proficiency Level on the ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines. (ACTFL – American Council on Teaching Foreign Languages). The ACFTL Novice-High Proficiency Level roughly correlates to the A2 CEFR Proficiency Level (CEFR – Common European Framework of Reference - for Languages).

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/speaking In addition to the academic research has gone in to this book, the questions and answers have also been informally field tested in real communication situations and reviewed by native speakers.

Thanks

I would like recognize the Study More Chinese community of users for all their input and support on the 20 Questions to Basic Fluency blog. I would also like to thank my editor, Seraph Ching. Her insight and eye for detail made this book possible.

Q&A Index

Question Answer

1. Name 你叫什么名字？我叫马特. 你呢？

Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi? Wǒ jiào mǎtè. Nǐ ne?

2. Origin 你是哪国人？我是美国人. 你呢？

Nǐ shì nǎ guó rén? Wǒ shì měiguó rén. Nǐ ne?

3. Profession 你做什么工作？我是老师. 你呢？

Nǐ zuò shénme gōngzuò? Wǒ shì lǎoshī. Nǐ ne?

4. Free time 你空余时间喜欢做什么? 我喜欢学中文。

Nǐ kòngyú shíjiān xǐhuan zuò shénme? Wǒ xǐhuan xué zhōngwén.

5. Family 你家有几个人？我家有四个人.

Nǐ jiā yǒu jǐ gè rén? Wǒ jiā yǒu sì gè rén.

6. Present 你在做什么？我在看电视。

Nǐ zài zuò shénme? Wǒ zài kàn diànshì.

7. Past 你昨天做了什么？我昨天吃了中国菜。

Nǐ zuótiān zuò le shénme? Wǒ zuótiān chīle zhōngguó cài.

8. Future 你明天要做什么？我明天要去博物馆。

Nǐ míngtiān yào zuò shénme? Wǒ míngtiān yào qù bówùguǎn.

9. Where 厕所在哪儿？在那里。

Cèsoǔ zài nǎ'er? Zài nàlǐ.

10. Plans 你想做什么？我想吃饭。

Nǐ xiǎng zuò shénme? Wǒ xiǎng chīfàn.

11. Have 你有没有叉子？没有。

Nǐ yǒu méiyǒu chāzi? Méiyǒu.

12. How much 多少钱？七块九毛九分钱。

Duōshǎo qián? qī kuài jiǔ máo jiǔ fēn qián

13. Time 演出几点开始？七点半。

Yǎnchū jǐ diǎn kāishǐ? Qī diǎn bàn.

14. Date 你的生日是几月几号？我的生日是十一月二十七号。

Nǐ de shēngrì shì jǐ yuè jǐ hào? Wǒ de shēngrì shì shí yī yuè èrshíqī hào.

15. This? 这是什么？这是豆腐。

Zhè shì shénme? Zhè shì dòufu.

16. What’s up? 你最近怎么样？我很好。谢谢。你呢？

Nǐ zuìjìn zěnmeyàng? Wǒ hěn hǎo. Xiè xie. Nǐ ne?

17. Looks 她长什么样？她很漂亮.

Tā zhǎng shénme yàng? Tā hěn piàoliang.

18. Personality 她人怎么样？她很友好.

Tā rén zěnmeyàng? Tā hěn yǒuhǎo.

19. Opinion 这部电影怎么样？我觉得很有意思.

Zhè bù diànyǐng zěnmeyàng? Wǒ juéde hěn yǒu yìsi.

20. How to say "Fortune cookie"中文怎么说？幸运饼干.

"Forture cookie" zhōngwén zěnme shuō? xìngyùn bǐnggān.

*Replace the underlined words with your information.

What is your name?

Fill-in: 我叫 马特。

Fill your name in the blank.

The Chinese way of naming children is quite different from what we know in the West. First names are created rather than picked from a list or passed down. A typical first name is made up of two characters, which is pronounced as two syllables, and they tend to carry some meaning.

This is kind of similar to a Native American way of naming children, for example: Sitting Bull.

There are thousands of characters to chose from so first names tend to be unique and it isn’t common to find someone with the same first name (same two characters) as some one else. So there is no real list of most common Chinese first names. Last names are a different story.

The Chinese present themselves with their last names, or family names, first. There really aren’t all that many different last names in China – about 100 or so are common. Here is a list of the top 10:

1. 李 Lǐ

2. 王 Wáng

3. 张 Zhāng

4. 刘 Liú

5. 陈 Chén

6. 杨 Yáng

7. 赵 Zhào

8. 黄 Huáng

9. 周 Zhōu

10. 吴 Wú

(For a list of the top 100 Chinese surnames check out https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/learn-chinese/chinese-vocabulary-lists/the-top-100-chinese-surnames)

There are several ways to ask someone’s name in Chinese, but we’ll be taking a look at most basic and most common. Let’s check out at the question first.

The word choice and word order in Chinese doesn’t exactly match up with English. It starts out with 你(nǐ) which means “you.” Chinese uses the verb 叫(jiào), to call, where English uses the verb “is.” You’ll be happy to know that there is no verb conjugation in Chinese! So 叫(jiào) never gets changed because of person, number or even time reference (past, present future.) The question word 什么 (shénme) means “what” and comes after the verb. The word 名字(míngzi) means “name.” So you end up with a literal translation of, “You call what name?” In general, it’s a bad idea to translate literally from English to Chinese. But translating from Chinese to English can be helpful to understand the Chinese way of thinking. So if thinking “You call what name?” helps you remember the Chinese, then use it. Now let’s take a look at the answer.

Notice the sentence structure in the answer hasn’t change much from the question. You simply switch 你(nǐ) for 我 (wǒ), which means “I” or “my,” and replace 什么名字(shénme míngzi) with your name. We have one more piece of language to cover. The 你呢(Nǐ ne) is simply asking, “And you?” The 呢(ne) has no real meaning in this sentence. Just think of it as a question mark that needs to be pronounced. (We do something similar in English when we put “do” in front of some questions, for example, “Do you like studying Chinese?” You could probably leave the “do” out when speaking as long as your voice goes up at the end of the sentence.)

You might be wondering how to translate your name into Chinese. One of the better lists out there is this one on the site https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/names

Now you’re ready to meet people. Remember that the structure of the question and answer are exactly the same and that will help you when you get into a conversation – and conversation is what you want. You need to use this in order to remember it. The more you use it, the better you’ll get. Happy chatting!

Where are you from?

Top 10 Fill-in’s for: 我是 美国人。 你呢？

1.加拿大（Jiā’nádà) Canada

2.英国（Yīngguó) England

3.爱尔兰（ài’ěrlán) Ireland

4.苏格兰 (Sūgélán) Scotland

5.澳大利亚（àodàlìyà) Australia

6.新加坡（Xīnjiāpō) Singapore

7.墨西哥（Mòxīgē) Mexico

8.阿根廷（āgēntíng) Argentina

9.巴西（Bāxī) Brazil

10.俄罗斯（éluósī) Russia

There are several ways to ask where someone is from in Chinese. This question is asking about nationality, or “which country” a person is from. This is a common question, the structure is simple to understand, and it gives you an opportunity to become familiar with nationalities. Let’s take a look at the structure.

Here we are literally asking, “You are which country person?” Although this literal translation sounds awkward in English, it is easy to see how the words match up. This question uses the verb 是(shì), which is the verb “to be.” Notice that the verb doesn’t get conjugated, or changed. This is a sleek feature of Chinese – verbs never change forms! The question word, 哪(nǎ), means, “which.” Check out how it comes in the middle of the sentence, after the subject and the verb. This is a different from English where we would start out the question with, “Which…” or “Where…” Fortunately there is no change in sentence structure from the question to the answer.

You simply switch 你(nǐ) for 我 (wǒ) and replace 哪国 (nǎ guó ) with your nationality. We have one more piece of language to cover. The 你呢(Nǐ ne) is simply asking, “and you?” The 呢(ne) has no real meaning in this sentence. Just think of it as a question mark that needs to be pronounced. (We do something similar in English when we put “do” in front of some questions, for example, “Do you like studying Chinese?” You could probably leave the “do” out when speaking as long as your voice goes up at the end of the sentence.)

Once again the question and the answer have the same structure and there is no cumbersome conjugation or flip-flopping word order to worry about. It’s very logical and straightforward. If you ask this question in the West, you might be surprised to find that a lot of people who speak Chinese are not from China. There is a large population of Taiwanese abroad. Chinese is also spoken in Singapore. There are also many people in Malaysia and other East Asian countries who know at least some Mandarin. So be sure to practice your new conversation skills out in the wild whenever you get a chance. You need to use this in order to remember it. The more you use it, the better you’ll get. Happy chatting!

What do you do for a living?

Top 10 Fill-in’s for: 我是 老师。 你呢？

1.商人(shāngrén) business person

2.老师(lǎoshī) teacher

3.学生(xuéshēng) student

4.记者(jìzhě) reporter

5.医生(yīshēng) doctor

6.销售(xiāoshòu) sales/marketing

7.科学家（kēxuéjiā) scientist

8.技术人员（jìshù rényuán) tech staff

9.工程师（gōngchéngshī) engineer

10.银行家（yínhángjiā) banker

11.退休（tuìxiū) retired

There are several ways to ask what someone does in Chinese. This question is asking about a person’s job. Let’s take a look at the structure.

Here we are literally asking, “You do what work?” Although the word order is a little different, this matches up pretty well with English. This question uses the verb 做(zuò) which is the verb “to do.” Notice that the verb doesn’t get conjugated, or changed. This is a sleek feature of Chinese – verbs never change forms! The question word, 什么(shénme), means, “what.” Check out how it comes in the middle of the sentence, after the subject and the verb. This is different from English. We would start out the question with “What…” Unlike the previous questions and answers, the answer here uses a different verb from the question. Let’s take a look at why this happens.

The answer literally translates to “I am teacher.” Notice the answer doesn’t say, “a teacher.” This is because Chinese doesn’t use articles, (the, a, an). So with the exception of “a” the Chinese here mirrors the English exactly. The word 我(wǒ) means “I” and the verb 是(shì) means “is.” This change from the verb 做(zuò) in the question to the verb 是(shì) in the answer is exactly what happens in English, so it isn’t too confusing for us. We have one more piece of language to cover. The 你呢(Nǐ ne) is simply asking, “and you?” The 呢(ne) has no real meaning in this sentence. Just think of it as a question mark that needs to be pronounced. (We do something similar in English when we put “do” in front of some questions, for example, “Do you like studying Chinese?” You could probably leave the “do” out when speaking as long as your voice goes up at the end of the sentence.)

You’ve now made it through the three most basic ways to introduce yourself in Chinese. Be sure to use these questions as often as you can with lots of different people. The more you use them the better you’ll get at starting up a conversation. Sometimes just starting a conversation is the hardest part. You’ll be surprised at how accommodating people are to help you with your language studies. But you need to make the first move! Happy chatting!

“What do you like to do in your free time?”

Top 10 Fill-ins for: 我喜欢 学中文。

1.唱歌（chànggē) singing

2.跳舞 (tiàowǔ) dancing

3.看电影 (kàn diànyǐng) watching movies

4.看电视 (kàn diànshì) watching TV

5.看书 (kàn shū) reading books

6.听音乐 (tīng yīnyuè) listening to music

7.上网 (shàngwǎng) going online

8.聊天 (liáotiān) chatting

9.拍照 (pāizhào) photography

10.旅游 (lǚyóu ) traveling

There are several ways to ask what someone likes to do in Chinese, but this question uses vocabulary and grammar patterns that will help you with other high frequency questions. Let’s look at the question first.

The word order in Chinese doesn’t match up with English. The question word “what”, 什么

(shénme), is at the end of the question instead of at the beginning. “You”, 你(nǐ), is at the beginning instead of in the middle. “Free time” 空余时间 (kòngyú shíjiān) is in the middle instead of at the end. Thankfully “Like” 喜欢, (xǐhuan), and “do” 做 (zuò) are just about where we would put them in English. If you translated this question literally, you’d come up with something like, “You free time like do what?” If you compare this to the English “What do you like to do in your free time?” you’ll notice some things are missing in the Chinese question. Can you find the differences? Here they are highlighted: “What do you like to do in your free time?” In Chinese, we don’t need to use “do” when asking a question. We’ve already covered that Chinese doesn’t conjugate, or change the form of verbs but it also doesn’t use infinitives, or “to + verb.” We also don’t need to use the word “in.” Finally, Chinese doesn’t change the form of a pronoun to make it possessive. There is a way to make possessive pronouns like, “my” and “your” but it isn’t used in this question and it isn’t necessary for you to know right now. This question is your first glimpse at how different Chinese can be from English. Luckily, the answer matches up a lot better for us. Let’s take a look.

Notice that the word order in the answer matches exactly with English: “I like study Chinese.” The only thing that is missing is the “to” from “to study” but as we mentioned before, Chinese verbs don’t need to be added to, changed or conjugated. They work just fine as they are.

At this point you may be wondering why “like” and “Chinese” have to be two characters while “I” and “you” only use one character. Sometimes this is easy to explain, as in the case of 中文(zhōngwén). Here 中 (zhōng) means “China” and 文 (wén) means “language.” So it is easy for us to see that “China language” means “Chinese.” But sometimes the two character word isn’t as easy to explain, as in 喜欢(xǐhuan). Separately, both characters have similar meanings of “happy” and “joyous.” But together they mean “to like.” At this point it is best to try to remember the characters as a pair and not worry about what they mean separately. Trying to study the individual characters of words would be like trying to learn English by studying the Latin and Greek roots right off the bat. At this point, it will probably only slow you down in your studies.

People love to talk about their hobbies. Most people can find at least one activity from the list above that they like to do, so this is an easy way to find something in common with someone else

and continue your conversation - and you need to continue talking! These questions are not something to read and think about in isolation. You need to use them. The more you practice the better you’ll get. Happy chatting!

How many people are in your family?

Top Fill-in’s for: 我家有四个人.

To tell how many people are in your family, simply replace 四 with the appropriate number:

一，两，三，四，五，六，七，八，九。

(yī, liǎng, sān, sì, wǔ, liù, qī, bā, jiǔ.)

*Note: If you are counting (as in 1, 2, 3, 4…) then the number two is 二(èr).

Talking about how many people are in your family is wonderfully easy in Chinese. It’s slightly different than how we might ask it in English, but once again the question and answer follow the same pattern so there is no need for mental acrobatics when you hear the question. You simply need to fill in the blanks with your information. Let’s get started with the question.

The question begins with the word 你(nǐ) which, by now, you know means “you.” The next word, 家(jiā) can mean “home” “household” or “family.” The word 有(yǒu) is the verb “to have.” Remember, there is no verb conjugation in Chinese so there is no need to change the verb from question to answer. The word 几(jǐ) means “how many” but 几(jǐ) is a little more flexible than its English equivalent. You may hear it used for asking about phone numbers and other kinds of numbered info. For now just know that 几(jǐ) always asks about a number when used in a question. Next is the measure word 个(gè). Measure words are used when you are pointing out an object (this pen, that pen) or when you are counting objects (1 pen, 2 pens, 3 pens). We have measure words in English too: a pair of pants, a flock of geese, a cup of coffee. But there are lots more in Chinese and they are used more often. In some places in China, typically the North, 个(gè) is replaced by 口(kǒu) in this question, but the words are interchangeable in this context and do not change the meaning. The final word is 人(rén) which means people. We get a nice, clean literal translation of, “Your family has how many people?” Let’s move on to the answer.

The answer simply replaces the pronoun 你(nǐ) with 我(wǒ), which means “I” or “my” and replaces the 几(jǐ) with a number of people. Our translation for the answer is, “My family has four people.” Many times in Chinese the answer follows the same pattern as the question, so it makes it relatively easy to just listen and parrot back the answer by substituting in your info.

You may also want to talk about who exactly is in your family. Unfortunately, telling about your family members can be a little more complicated in Chinese than it is in other languages. This stems from Confucius philosophy and can be a little hard to grasp as a Westerner. Basically, every person that you are related to has a unique title that is relative to his or her relationship to you. Maternal and paternal relatives have different titles so there are two different titles for grandparents, aunts, uncles, etc. These titles very often take the place of the person’s name. So where we might say “uncle Steve” the Chinese would say something that would translate to “dad’s older brother ‘uncle’” and leave out the “Steve” altogether. It is the Confucius way of keeping order and letting every one know where his place is. It isn’t very useful as a Westerner because you most likely won’t need to use these title with your family members so we won’t go into a full list of vocabulary here. Below are some common names for family members that should be enough for you to express yourself clearly.

1.丈夫(Zhàngfu) husband

2.太太(Tàitai) wife

3.爸爸(Bàba) father

4.妈妈(Māma) mother

5.儿子(érzi) son

6.女儿(Nǚ'ér) daughter

7.哥哥(Gēge) elder brother

8.弟弟(Dìdi) younger brother

9.姐姐(Jiějie) elder sister

10.妹妹(Mèimei) younger sister

11.男朋友(Nán péngyǒu) boyfriend

12.女朋友(Nǚ péngyǒu) girlfriend

Here are some other ways to answer if you are single or if you are in a relationship.

我结婚了。(Wǒ jiéhūnle.) I’m married

我离婚了。(Wǒ líhūnle.) I’m divorced.

我在恋爱中。(Wǒ zài liàn'ài zhōng.) I’m in a relationship.

我是单身。(Wǒ shì dānshēn.) I’m single.

Obviously we are getting a little more personal with this question. Although the Chinese wouldn’t see this question as too much of an intrusion, it is also something that might not be appropriate right off the bat. It depends on the situation. For example, if you meet a mother at a park with her children, this question would be a great one to ask. But this probably wouldn’t be all that appropriate when first meeting a potential client or business partner. That being said, you need to use this to get good at it and this gives you a great way to practice and listen for simple numbers, so try it out when the situation is right. Happy chatting!

_对外汉语教学_中的语法教学

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Savvy Chat Chinese – 20 Questions to Basic Fluency 20 Questions to Basic Fluency: Guide to Basic Conversational Mandarin by Matt Sikora First Edition, 2012 Editor: Seraph Ching

Contact Information: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/profile/mtska https://https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/u/0/117895081310002069781/about https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/pub/matthew-sikora/a/473/a35 Savvy Chat Chinese: 20 Questions to Basic Fluency by Matt Sikora is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit https://www.sodocs.net/doc/268125157.html,/licenses/by/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.

Savvy Chat Chinese – 20 Questions to Basic Fluency How to use this book Conversation is the heart of language learning. Talking with someone in another language develops your listening skills while giving you the speaking practice that you need. But conversing in another language can be hard to manage when you are first starting out. Savvy Chat Chinese – 20 Questions to Basic Fluency is homebase for developing your Mandarin Chinese communication skills. It is not only a guide for you, but it is also a guide for your language partner. Conversation is all about improvising within the linguistic and cultural rules of the language. This book allows you improvise with a manageable number of high frequency questions and answer and it gives your language partner a guide as to how to help you so that you can both make the most of your time. Below are some suggestions on how to use Savvy Chat Chinese – 20 Questions to Basic Fluency: 1. Read the book – Read the book all the way through. It gives you a unique perspective on the grammar at work behind the patterns and characters used in the questions and answers. 2. Personalize the book – Take some time to personalize the questions and answers in this book with your own information. If someone asks you one of these questions it is important for you to be able to come up with a response with your own information. Write out your answers (or your likely answers) to each of the 20 questions and keep that list handy. 3. Chat – Whether you are face to face or texting - communicating with real people is still the best way to learn a language. You need to use the questions and answers in this book as often as you can. You don’t need to be perfect. In fact, you absolutely have to make mistakes in order to learn languages. No one, native speaker or foreigner, young or old, has ever learned Mandarin without going through the same thing that you are going through right now. If you have a language partner, let the person know that you are focusing on these 20 questions and answers and give the person a copy of them so he or she can help you. You will be able to make the most of your time if both of you are using these questions and answers in your conversations.

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1，口语教学（问题与对策） 对外汉语口语教学的成败不仅会影响到终极目标——即培养交际能力——的实现，而且直接决定了目前教学实践的步伐：要么轻松愉快、稳步提高，要么疲惫拖沓、事倍功半。一、口语教学的重要性 1、解决学习，生活中的燃眉之急。 口语教学的教学目标从根本上说就是提高学生的交际能力，而交际能力则是初到中国的留学生们迫切需要掌握的能力，是解决他们学习，生活中的燃眉之急，使他们能够尽快适应中国留学生活的必修课。 2、为其他课程的学习打下了坚实的基础 由于学生对口语学习产生的兴趣比其他学科要高，只要教师指导有方，学生会进步得很快。加之口语学习不受时间地点的限制，课堂之外的任何地点，任何时间都是他学习口语的好机会。这在客观上创造了快速提高口语的有利条件，可谓组成了天时、地利、人和的完美搭配。而口语学习的进步与提高，则会直接影响到其他课程的学习。 已经会说的句子，难道他会听不懂吗？ 会说出正确的句子，语法还会是问题吗？ 交际无时无刻不在进行，在提高交际能力的同时，他会学到超越书本的更多词汇、中国的文化等等。这无疑为他的阅读能力打下了坚实的基础。不知不觉中阅读能力也得到了提高。 可见，通过口语学习，提高学生的交际能力，是学好其他课程的基础。 3、是运用并真正掌握汉语的重要渠道 要真正掌握一个单词有三个过程，一是会读，能在句子中理解他的意思，二是会书面运用这个词，写出符合语法的句子，三是能够说出这个正确的句子。只有完成了第三个步骤，就是能说出来，那才算真正掌握了这个词。这也进一步说明了口语学习的重要性。口语课是复习其它课程中学到的词语和表达，并真正掌握它的重要途径和渠道。二、口语教学中存在的问题 1、心理障碍 其实课本上的语句并不深奥，学习中的困难主要源于它的Foreign Language特性。汉语不是他们的First Language, 不是从婴儿时期就开始学习，受学习这母语的干扰较大。而且接触汉语语多是在十几岁以后才开始的，早已习惯了母语思维，尽管来到了中国，除了课堂上，真正与中国人交流的时间也不是很多，缺乏足够的语言环境，往往举步维艰。许多人在使用汉语词句时总想着它们在母语中的意思，习惯于靠翻译的办法推进。这种模式会给学习者带来严重的心理障碍，使他们怀疑自己的表达能力：想说说不出，说出来就错。于是多数学生宁可费事去写，也不肯开口说，背弃了语言自身的发展规律，对这种既是目的又是手段的口语练习避之惟恐不及。 这样一来口头练习就让位给书面练习，放弃了社会行为——对话，专管自己摸索着写和背。写出来的东西同样清楚明白，修改也方便，看似有利无害。但这种“哑巴汉语”危害不浅：忽视了语言最基本的交际功能，不利于长远发展；影响了学习兴趣，由乐事变成苦差了。 2 、传统教学方法的不良影响 汉语口语终究只是一种工具，是一种能在交际方面给我们带来极大便利的工具，既不神秘，又不甚复杂，大家不妨等闲视之。最易理解的操作方法是循着它在自然状态下的发展轨迹，先听、说，后读、写，循序渐进。但传统的教学模式仍然占据着统治地位，对待对外汉语仍像对付古汉语那样：阅读、背诵、默写、填词、翻译，口语训练不被重视，本末倒置现象十分严重。 考试的成绩牵动着几乎每一个人的心，大家不免会有这样的担忧：口语方面花的时间太多了，笔试成绩会下降。尽管教材是口语教材，教者还是我行我素，讲的多、练的少，口语只有陪衬的份儿啦，整堂课下来不是变成精读课了，就是变成阅读课了。再有一种把口语训练简单化、庸俗化的倾向：尽管课课都做问答，但内容仅限于课本上的原句，算不上真正意义上的思想交流，倒像是变相的背书。 3、汉语水平考试的指挥棒作用 汉语水平考试是考察汉语作为第二语言的国家的人的汉语水平的考试。它分为听力、语法、阅读、综

美国人常用的经典句子

1.After you.你先请。这是一句很常用的客套话，在进／出门,上车得场合你都可以表现一下。 2. I just couldn't help it.我就是忍不住。想想看，这样一个漂亮的句子可用于多少个场合？下面是随意举的一个例子： I was deeply moved by the film and I cried and cried. I just couldn't help it. 3. Don't take it to heart. 别往心里去，别为此而忧虑伤神。生活实例： This test isn't that important. Don't take it to heart. 4. We'd better be off.我们该走了。It's getting late. We'd better be off . 5. Let's face it. 面对现实吧。常表明说话人不愿意逃避困难的现状。 参考例句：I know it's a difficult situation. Let's face it, OK? 6. Let's get started.咱们开始干吧。劝导别人时说：Don't just talk. Let's get started. 7. I'm really dead.我真要累死了。坦诚自己的感受时说：After all that work, I’m really dead. 8. I've done my best.我已尽力了。 9. Is that so?真是那样吗？常用在一个人听了一件事后表示惊讶、怀疑。 10. Don't play games with me!别跟我耍花招！ 11. I don't know for sure.我不确切知道。 Stranger：Could you tell me how to get to the town hall? Tom: I don't know for sure. Maybe you could ask the policeman over there. 12. I'm not going to kid you.我不是跟你开玩笑的。 Karin：You quit the job? You are kidding. Jack: I'm not going to kid you. I'm serious. 13. That's something. 太好了，太棒了。 A: I'm granted a full scholarship for this semester. B: Congratulations. That's something. 14. Brilliant idea!这主意真棒！这主意真高明！ 15. Do you really mean it? 此话当真？ Michael：Whenever you are short of money, just come to me. David: Do you really mean it? 16. You are a great help.你帮了大忙 17. I couldn't be more sure. 我再也肯定不过。 18. I am behind you.我支持你。 A: Whatever decision you're going to make, I am behind you. 19. I'm broke.我身无分文。 20. Mind you!请注意！听着！(也可仅用Mind。) 模范例句：Mind you! He's a very nice fellow though bad-tempered. 21. You can count on it.你尽管相信好了，尽管放心。 A：Do you think he will come to my birthday party? B: You can count on it. 22. I never liked it anyway.我一直不太喜欢这东西。当朋友或同事不小心摔坏你的东西时就可以用上这句话给他一个台阶，打破尴尬局面：Oh, don't worry. I'm thinking of buying a new one. I never liked it anyway. 23. That depends.看情况再说。 例：I may go to the airport to meet her. But that depends. 24. Congratulations.恭喜你，祝贺你。 25. Thanks anyway.无论如何我还是得谢谢你。当别人尽力要帮助你却没帮成时，你就可以用这个短语表示谢意。