英国文学期末考试重点
一、english renaissance 文艺复兴
1、william shakespeare 威廉。莎士比亚Sonnets 骚体十四行诗五步抑扬格
四大悲剧：《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）、《奥赛罗》（Othello）、《麦克白》（Macbeth）、《李尔王》（King Lear）。
四大喜剧：《威尼斯商人》（The Merchant of venice）、《仲夏夜之梦》（A Midsummer Night's Dream）、《皆大欢喜》（As You Like It）、《第十二夜》（Twelfth Night）。
To be or not to be.That is a question. 生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题。（哈姆雷特）
Hamlet is the greatest tragedy of his hamlet,the melancholic scholar-prince,faces the dilemma between action and mind.
二、17世纪早期
2、John Dunn约翰·多恩“玄学派诗人” Metaphysical poets
“Song”、“devotions upon emergent occasions”紧急时刻祈祷文、“poems”诗歌
“The flea”跳蚤（男主人公试图劝诱情人放弃无用的贞操观，与他及时行乐）
3、jone milton 约翰。弥尔顿英国文学巨匠
“On the morning of christ’s nativity”圣诞清晨歌、“areopagitica”论出版自由“When I consider how my light is spent”(十四行诗)
“Paradise lost”失乐园无韵体五步抑扬格
（the story of Satan’s rebellion against God, and of the disobedience and fall of Adam and Eve. It is the only generally acknowledged epic in english literature since Beowulf.）
三、复辟和十八世纪
4、daniel defoe 丹尼尔。笛福英国报刊业的奠基人和现实主义小说家
“The trueborn englishman”真正的英国人、“the shortest way with the dissenters”消灭不同教派的捷径、“hymn to the pillory”立枷颂、“captain singleton”辛格尔顿船长、“moll flanders”摩尔。弗兰德斯、“Robinson crusoe”鲁滨逊漂流记(the novel eulogizes the hero of the hard-working class, and shows his sympathy for the poor and the unfortunate in his society.)
Spirit: indomitable(不屈不饶的)、adventurous、independent
To-day we love what to-morrow we hate; to-day we seek what to-morrow we shun; to-day we desire what tomorrow we fear.(我们今天所爱的，往往是我们明天所恨的；我们今天所追求的，往往是我们明天所逃避的；我们今天所愿望的，往往是我们明天所害怕的。)
5、jonathan swift 乔纳森。斯威夫特satire(讽刺文学)、prose（散文）
“A tale of a tub”一只桶的故事、“the battle of books”书籍之战、“drapier’letter”布商来信、
“A modest proposal”一个温和的建议、“verses on the death of dr. swift”斯威夫特博士死亡之诗
“Gulliver’s travels “格列佛游记is designed to ridicule all false taste in learning. But it comes to criticize the dirty society and ugly human nature. It gives a severe and full attack on the english government, society, religion, monarchism, parties and colonialism, and express the auther’s wish of clean politics, humane and virtuous monarch.
6、alexander pope 亚历山大。蒲伯
新古典主义的代表neoclassical poet 讽刺诗人作家verse satirist
“The rape of the lock”夺发记、“windsor forest”温莎森林、“the dunciad”愚人记“An essay on criticism”论批评the well-received poem cemented his reputation. Its flawless texture and profound critical insights struck the literary world. It expresses Pope’s opinions about the critic s’duties and
functions. It is a brilliant and comprehensive study of literary criticism, a guide to the poets’and critics’art, written in heroic couplet.
To err is human, to forgive, divine.人非圣贤孰能无过。
A little learning is a dangerous thing. 一知半解煞是危险。
While from the bounded level of our mind. Short views we take, nor see the lengths behind. 叹才疏学浅，困于识陋；目光即短，瞻前而忘后。
四、浪漫主义
7、william wordsworth威廉。华兹华斯英国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人、英国“桂冠诗人”“湖畔诗人”（与coleridge、southey）“lyrical ballads”抒情歌谣集
“prelude”序曲、
①作者评价：he has not only started the modern portry,the poetry of the growing inner self, but also changed the course of english poetry by using ordinary speech of the language and by advocating a return to nature.
②“S he dwelt among the untrodden ways”(她在幽径中) is the best known of his five “lucy” poems. The identity of “lucy” is a mystery. No matter who lucy is, the poet expresses his ardent love for her and his intense grief over her death.
③“I wondered lonely as a cloud”(我似一朵孤独的流云) is one of the loveliest and most famous poems in the wordsworth canon. It was a emotional experience in nature.
Such unexpected beauty and consistency of nature impress the speaker so much that he not only shows his exhilaration but also turns to contemplation of the scene which he has stored in jis memory. He shows his reflection of the philosophical depth of his mind under then enchantment of nature.
④”the solitary reaper””(孤独的割麦女) it shows that the girl’s singing deeply moved the traveler and kept lingering in his heart. he writes specifically about real human music in a beloved rustic setting.
8、samuel taylor coleridge塞缪尔。泰勒。柯勒津治lake poet、literary critic、philosopher
“christable”克里斯特贝尔、“biographia literaria”文学传记
“The rime of the ancient mariner”老水手谣/古舟子咏
“kubla khan”忽必烈汗was composed in a dream after the poet took the poium. The poet was reading about Kubla Klan when he fell asleep. When he awoke, he wrote down the images of the river, of the magnificent palace and a girl playing a dulcimer and singing.
9、jane austen简。奥斯丁现实主义小说家irony反讽
（austen’s works are comedies of manners that depict the self-contained world of provincial ladies and gentlemen who appear in domestic settings. The style of austen is easy and effortless and the plot of her works is tight and well desighed. Her ingenious dialogues, subtle irony, brilliant wit, vivid characters, clear descriptive writing style, penetrating analysis and moral firmness all account for the great popularity of her works.）Sense and sensibility理智与情感、mansfield park曼斯菲尔德庄园、emma 爱玛
Pride and prejudice傲慢与偏见(which was originally drafed as First Impressions, mainly tells of the love story between a rich, proud young man Darcy and the beautiful and intelligent Elizabeth Bennet. the whole story portrays life in the genteel rural society of the day,and focus on the relationship between Elizabeth Bennet and the haught Darcy. Their relationship begins with the initial misunderstandings
and ends with their mutual enlightenment. Darcy stands for pride and Elizabeth represents prejudice. And finally they learn that their first impressions, based on pride and prejudice,were incorrect.) 10、Percy bysshe shelley波西。比希。雪莱才子早死
England in 1819、to a skylark致云雀、Ode to the west wind西风颂（Inspired by the violent tempest of hail and rain, the poet eulogizes the west wind as a powerful phenomenon of nature that is both destroyer and preserver, that enjoys boundless freedom and that has the power to spread messages far and wide.）
“a heavy weight…”时光的重负困着我，把我压倒，我太像你了：难驯、迅速而骄傲。“If Winter comes , can Spring be far behind?”
11、john keats约翰。济慈
(a movement that espoused the sanctity of emotion and imagination, and priviledged the beauty of the natural world. His poetry displays the most human emotion and the purest expression of personal inner experience and made a perfect combination of his sense of outside world and his understanding of beauty, which had a profound effect upon many Victorian poets.) to autumn 秋颂
Ode to a nightingale夜莺颂it symbolized for him some stable beauty which lured him temporarily away from his misery into an exquisite desire to “leave the world unseen…it tells us that there are too many evils and wrongs in the human world, while the life is to accept this unhappiness and find joys in the sorrows. Life itself is neither optimistic nor miserable but real and beautiful.”
五、维多利亚时期
12、charles dichens查尔斯。狄更斯Oliver twist雾都孤儿(criticizes the dehumanizing workhouse system and the dark, criminal underworld life.
great expectations远大前程、a tale of two cities双城记
David coppeefield大卫。科波菲尔(the debtor’s prison.)
13、charlotte bronte夏洛蒂。勃朗特
Jane eyre简爱（艾米丽“呼啸山庄”、安妮“艾格尼丝。格雷”）
（it is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing society. It traces the passionate love between Jane and Rochester. The success of the novel is due to its introduction to the english novel the first governess heroine, Jane. she successfully creates a typical new woman who has the courage to rebel and fight for freedom and equality. It encourages women all over the world to make efforts to become strong and independent, and to pursue their happiness bravely.）
14、emily bronte艾米莉。勃朗特Wuthering heights呼啸山庄（“wuthering”is a yorkshire word, meaning turbulent weather. This is a story of doomed love and revenge. The protagonists are characterized as figures of violent emotions and typical yorkshire characters. The Gothic tradition is revealed by its sophisticated observation and artistic subtlety.）
I could as soon forget you as my existence!我无法忘记你就像无法忘记自己的存在。
六、20世纪
15、thomas hardy托马斯。哈代
（was best known for his profound reflection on human circumstance and fate in a reckless world. He was also adept at portraying vividly the landscape of the english county ”wessex”. Most of his works are characterized by a sense of deep pessimism.Hardy 's tragedy is
caused by conflict between character and environment.）
①romances and fantasies罗曼史与幻想
②novels of ingenuity爱情与阴谋故事
③novels of character and environment
性格与环境小说（under the greenwood
在绿荫下、far from the madding crowd远离尘嚣、jude the obscure无
名的裘德、the mayor of casterbridge
卡斯特桥市长）
Tess of the d’urbervillers德伯家的苔丝（It is a fierce attack on the hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society and the capitalist invasion into the country and destruction of the english peasantry towards the end of the century. It is a most controversial one as it came in confilct with the Victorian morality of woman, thus it caused public uproar in the literary circle. ）
16、george bernard shaw萧伯纳drama Widower’s houses鳏夫的房产、heartbreak house伤心之家（最得意）、st.joan圣女贞德（唯一悲剧，诺贝尔文学奖）、共51部Pygmalion皮革马利翁（it is a satire, sharply ridiculing the hypocrisy of upper class and attacking the callosity of english society.）
17、william butler yeats威廉。巴特勒。叶芝irish poet and dramatist (1923诺贝尔文学奖)
Cart a cold eye, on life, on death, horseman, pass by!对待生活，投以冷眼。
①When you are old 五步抑扬格（Maud
Gonne）(rhyme押韵)
②The lake isle of innisfree伊尼斯弗里湖
岛（to escape the cruel reality to go back to nature for hernitage隐居，
longing for peace.）
③Sailing to byzantium驶向拜占庭（收入
The Tower）
（is concerned with an aged man and his soul’s longing to return to the holy city of Byzantium as a symbol of artistic or creative pperfection. it explores the dichotomies between art and ordinary life, age and youth, as well as sensuality and spirituality, expressing most effectively the poet’s mysterious poetic system.）18、james joyce詹姆士。乔伊斯
意识流the steam of consciousness is the phychological term indicating the flux of conscience and subconscious thought and impressions moving in the mind at any given time independently of the person’s will.
Dubliners都伯林人、Portrait of An Artist 一个青年艺术家的肖像、
Ulysses尤利西斯(a example of modernism in literature. It gives an account of man’s life during one day. Joyce presents a realistic picture of the modern wasteland in which modern men are portrayes as vulgar and trivial creatures with splitting personalities, disillusioned ideas, sordid minds and broken families, who are searching in vain for harmonious human relationships and spiritual sustence in a decaying world.)
Eveline伊芙琳（it reports the insensitive, depressing and narrow mental state of irish society.）
19、david herbert lawrence劳伦斯Rainbow虹、women in love恋爱中的女人、lady chatterley’s lover查特莱夫人的情人Sons and lovers（semi-autobiographical Oedipus complx. a closely autobiographic novel, it is a brilliant evocation of life in a working class mining community.）
英国文学期末复习题目
I. Each of the following below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would bet complete the statement. 1. The long poem ______ in Anglo-Saxon period was termed England’s national epic. A. The Canterbury Tales B. Paradise Lost C. The Song of Beowulf D. The Fairy Queen 2. Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is the popular literary form in ______. A. Romanticism B. Renaissance C. medieval period D. Anglo-Saxon period 3. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of____. A. Piers Plowman B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight C. Confessio Amantis D. The Canterbury Tales 4. _______ is regarded as the father of English poetry. A. Geoffrey Chaucer B. Edmund Spenser C. John Milton D. W. Wordsworth 5. It is _____ alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life. A. Geoffrey Chaucer B. Martin Luther C. William Shakespeare D. John Gower 6. One of Chaucer’s main contributions to English poetry is ______. A. he introduced the rhymed stanzas from France to English poetry B. he created striking brilliant panorama of his time and his country C. he wrote in blank verse D. he was the first to write sonnet 7. During the Renaissance, _______ was the first one to introduce the sonnet into English poetry. A. Chaucer B. John Donne C. Thomas Wyatt D. Earl of Surrey 8. During the Renaissance, _______ wrote the first English blank verse. A. Chaucer B. Edmund Spencer C. Thomas Wyatt D. Earl of Surrey 9. Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement？ A. The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture B. The new discoveries in geography and astrology C. The Glorious revolution D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion 10. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events. Which one of the following is NOT such an event? A. The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B. England’s domestic rest C. New discovery in geography and astrology. D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion. 11. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ______ and ______ centuries. A. 14th...mid-17th B. 14th...mid-18th C. 16th...mid-18th D. 16th...mid-17th 12. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is_______. A. science B. philosophy C. arts D. humanism 13. _______ frequently applied conceits in his poems. A. Edmund Spenser B. John Donne C. William Blake D. Thomas Gray 14. _______ is known as “the poet’s poet”. A. William Shakespeare B. Christopher Marlowe C. Edmund Spenser D. John Donne 15. Romance，which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of____ adventures or other heroic deeds，is a popular literary form in the medieval period. A. Christian B. knightly C. pilgrims D. primitive 16. ________ and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanism. A. Edmund Spenser, Christopher Marlowe B. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe
英国文学简史问答题期末考试复习提纲教学教材
1. How much do you know about the English literature in the Romantic Age? ①The Romantic Age in England was like the Elizabethan Age, distinctively an age of poetry. It was regarded as the second great age in English literary history; for poetry is the highest form of literary expression, and seems to have been most in harmony with the noblest powers of the English genius. The glory of the age is in the poetry of Scott, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelly, Keats, Moore, and Southey； ②Women novelists appeared in this age. It was during this period that women assumed for the first time, an important place in English literature. Mrs. Anne Radcliff was one of the most successful writers of the school of exaggerated romance. Jane Austen offered us her charming descriptions of everyday life in her enduring work her masterpiece----Pride and Prejudice; ③The greatest historical novelist Walter Scott also appeared in this period. His historical novels combine a romantic atmosphere with a realistic description of historical background and common people life. Scott marked the transition from romanticism to the period of realism which followed it; ④Romantic prose was represented by Lamb, Hazlitt, De Quincey and Hume. Lamb was the best essayist, whose familiar essays are very famous. 3.What are the major features of Dickens’ novels? ①Dickens’ novels offer a most complete and realistic picture of the English bourgeois society of his age. His novels tell much of the unhappy experiences of his own childhood. They reflect the protest of the people against capitalist exploitation, and criticize the vices of capitalist society. ② The success of Dickens novels also lies in his character-portrayal. Not only are the major characters in his novels very carefully delineated and given distinctive individual characteristics but also his minor figures create in the readers’ mind strong impressions of their personalities. Some of Dickens’characters are really such “typical characters under typical circumstances”that they become proverbial or are representative of a whole group of similar persons. ③Dickens is a great humorist and satirist. His novels are full of humor and satire ④Dickens is not especially known for the construction of plot in his novels. There is in his novels often more than one minor thread of story beside the major one, and these threads are generally very loosely woven together. He seems to love a complicated and involved plot. ⑤In almost every one of Dickens’ novels there is a happy ending, which points to the author’s optimism which is an admirable thing for a critical realist because that means his still has his hopes after seeing the gloomy world all around him and one hand, and as a petty-bourgeois intellectual, could not overstep the limits of his class on the other hand. ⑥Another feature in Dickens’novels is his adroit use of language. On the whole Dickens has a richness of expressions and generally succeeds in using the right words and phrases at the right moments for the right characters to attain the right effects. 12. What are the characteristics of Dickens’ novels?(同第三题)
英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements （此处可能会有填空，选择等小题） 2. Romance （名词解释） 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’s story 4. Ballad（名词解释） 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet) 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释)8. Renaissance（名词解释）9.Thomas More——Utopia 10. Sonnet（名词解释）11. Blank verse（名词解释）12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies”（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照，本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读） 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的是Hamlet这是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要，最重要属sonnet18。（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读） 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要，特别是Paradise Lost和Samson Agonistes。对于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse写成的，故事情节来自Old Testament，另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。 16. John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’s Progress 17. Founder of the Metaphysical school——John Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images. 18. Enlightenment（名词解释） 19. Neoclassicism（名词解释） 20. Richard Steele——“The Tatler” 21. Joseph Addison——“The Spectator”这个比上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样，它虚构了一系列的人物，以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，这一部分要仔细读。 22. Steel’s and Addison’s styles and their contributions 23. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”; his workmanship (features) and limitations 24. Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’s Travels”此书非常重要，要知道具体内容，就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象; （我们主要讲了三个地方）“A Modest Proposal”比较重要，要注意作者用的irony 也就是反讽手法。 25. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature. 26. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 当然是Robinson Crusoe比较重要，剧情要清楚，Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主义的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。 27. Samuel Richardson——“Pamela” (first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison” 28. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一个和第三个比较重要，需要仔细看。他是一个比较重要的作家，另外Fielding也被称为father of the English novel. 29. Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy”项狄传 30. Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal” 31. Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted V illage” (poem) (both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel), “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy), “She stoops to Conquer” (comedy),
英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s
英国文学简史期末考试复习要点 刘炳善版
英国文学史资料British Writers and Works I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
英国文学史期末复习重点
英国文学史 Part one: Early and Medieval English Literature Chapter 1 The Making of England 1. The early inhabitants in the island now we call England were Britons, a tribe of Gelts. 2. In 55 B.C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar. The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years. It was also during the Roman role that Christianity was introduced to Britain. And in 410 A.D., all the Roman troops went back to the continent and never returned. 3. The English Conquest At the same time Britain was invaded by swarms of pirates（海盗）. They were three tribes from Northern Europe: the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. And by the 7th century these small kingdoms were combined into a United Kingdom called England, or, the land of Angles. And the three dialects spoken by them naturally grew into a single language called Anglo -Saxon, or Old English. 4. The Social Condition of the Anglo -Saxon Therefore, the Anglo -Saxon period witnessed a transition from tribal society to feudalism. 5. Anglo -Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence The Anglo -Saxons were Christianized in the seventh century. Chapter 2 Beowulf 1. Anglo -Saxon Poetry But there is one long poem of over 3,000 lines. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people. Grendel is a monster described in Beowulf. 3. Analysis of Its Content Beowulf is a folk lengend brought to England by Anglo -Saxons from their continental homes. It had been passed from mouth to mouth for hundreds of years before it was written down in the tenth century. 4. Features of Beowulf The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration, metaphors and understatements. Chapter 3 Feudal England 1）T he Norman Conquest 2. The Norman Conquest The French -speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066. After defeating the English at Hastings, William was crowned as King of England. The Norman Conquest marks the establishment of feudalism in England.
英国文学期末考试题目(英语专业必备)
.. ;.. 一．中古英语时期 Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and the most important specimen (范例、典范)of Anglo-Saxon literature, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language. The romance is a popular literary form in the medieval period（中世纪）. It uses verse or prose to sing knightly a dventures or other heroic deeds. Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the greatest English poets, whose masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,was one of the most important influences on the development of English literature. Chaucer is considered as the father of English poetry and the founder of English realism. 二．文艺复兴Renaissance Renaissance r efers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It marks a transition(过渡) from the medieval to the modern world. It started in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture（雕塑）and literature, and then spread to the rest of Europe. Humanism is the essence of Renaissance -----Man is the measure of all things. This was England’s Golden Age in literature. Queen Elizabeth r eigned over the country in this period. The real mainstream of the English Renaissance i s the Elizabethan drama. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance E ngland are Christopher Marlowe and W illiam Shakespeare. The greatest of the pioneers of English drama was Christopher Marlowe. Francis Bacon was the best known essayist of this period. “Of Studies” is the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays. Thomas More ——Utopia Edmund Spenser——The Faerie Queene 相关练习 1. Which is the oldest poem in the English language? A. Utopia B. Faerie Queene C. Beowulf D. Hamlet 2. _____ is the father of English poetry. A. Edmund Spenser B. William Shakespeare C. Francis Bacon D. Geoffrey Chaucer 3. ____ is not a playwright during the Renaissance period on England. A. William Shakespeare B. Geoffrey Chaucer C. Christopher Marlowe D. Ben Johnson 三．莎士比亚William Shakespeare “All t he world 's a stage, a nd all the men and women merely p layers.”——William Shakespeare William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright in the world and the finest poet who has written in the English language. Shakespeare understood people more than any other writers. He could create characters that have
英国文学简史期末考试复习要点资料
英国文学简史期末考试复习要点
一、中世纪文学（约5世纪—1485） ?《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf） ?《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ) 杰弗利·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer) “英国诗歌之父”。（Father of English Poetry） 《坎特伯雷故事》（The Canterbury Tales） 二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期—17世纪初） ?托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More ） 《乌托邦》（Utopia） ?埃德蒙·斯宾塞（Edmund Spenser） 《仙后》（The Faerie Queene) ?弗兰西斯·培根（Francis Bacon） 《论说文集》（Essays) 克里斯托弗·马洛 Christopher Marlowe ?《帖木儿大帝》（Tamburlaine） ?《浮士德博士的悲剧》（The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Dr. Faustus） ?《马耳他岛的犹太人》（The Jew of Malta） 威廉·莎士比亚William Shakespeare ） 《哈姆莱特》（Hamlet） SONNET18 三、17世纪文学 约翰·弥尔顿 John Milton 《失乐园》（Paradise Lost） ?约翰·班扬（John Bunyan） 《天路历程》（The Pilgrim’s Progress） 四、启蒙时期文学（17世纪后期—18世纪中期） 18世纪初，新古典主义成为时尚。新古典主义推崇理性，强调明晰、对称、节制、优雅，追求艺术形式的完美与和谐。 亚历山大·蒲柏（Alexander Pope）是新古典主义诗歌的代表。 ?乔纳森·斯威夫特 Jonathan Swift 《格列佛 ?丹尼尔·笛福 Daniel Defoe 英国小说之父 《鲁滨孙漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe） ?亨利·菲尔丁 Henry Fielding 《汤姆·琼斯》（Tom Jones） ?乔纳森·斯威夫特 Jonathan Swift 《格列佛游记》Gulliver’s Travels ?亨利·菲尔丁 Henry Fielding 《汤姆·琼斯》（Tom Jones） 托马斯·格雷 Thomas Gray 《墓园哀歌》（Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard） 五、浪漫主义时期文学（1798-1832） ?罗伯特·彭斯 Robert Burns ?威廉·布莱克 William Blake ?威廉·华兹华斯 William Wordsworth ?塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治 Samuel Taylor Coleridge 《抒情歌谣集》（Lyrical Ballads）
英国文学复习总结
英国文学复习总结详解 Part one:Early and medieval English literature 1.Beowulf《贝奥武甫》------the national epic of the English people ,it is also the epic of the Anglo-Saxon.(P3) 2.The name of the terrible monster------Grendel(格伦德尔)(P3) 3.the most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration(头韵)，others are metaphor （暗喻）and understatement(保守陈述)(P5) 4The Norman Conquest （诺曼征服）marks the establishment of feudalism in England. (P6) 5.The romance(传奇文学)(P8) The most popular of literature in fedual England was the romance. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describing the life and adventures of a noble hero. The hero of the romance was the the knight, a man of noble birth, skilled in the use of weapons. It was written for the noble class(贵族的文学) Romances falls into three cycles : “matters of Britain”( adventures of King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table),“matters of France” (Emperor Charlemagne and his peers) “matters of Rome”. (Alexander the Great and so for th) 6. William Langland威廉·朗兰------ Piers the Plowman《耕者皮尔斯》(P11) 7.The ballads(民谣)(P17) The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad.It is a story told in song ,usually in 4-line stanzas [?st?nz?],with the second and fourth lines rhymed. It was written for common people(平民文学). The subjects of ballads are various in kind,as the struggle of young loves against their feudal-minded families,the conflict between love and wealth ,the cruelty of envy,the criticism of the civil war,and the matters of class struggle. The most famous ballads are the ballads of Robin Hood. 8.Geoffrey Chaucer’ Contributions <1>Father of English poetry in 14th century. Chaucer introduces from France the rhymed stanzas of various types instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse,especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter(the heroic couplet) to English poetry.(P26) <2>Chaucer is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. His production of so much excellent poetry is an important factor in establishing English as the literary language of the country.He did much in making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech.(P26) <3>the founder of English realism(P23) The Prologue(序言)suppies a miniature of the English so ciety of Chaucer’s time <4>. he forerunner of humanisim (P24 倒数第二行) 9.Geoffrey Chaucer died in 1400 and was buried in Westminster Abbey（威斯敏斯特教堂）thus founding the “Poets’ Corner”..(P20) 10.The Romaunt of the Rose(translated from Franch)《玫瑰传奇》 Troilus and Criseyde(adapted from the Italian)《特洛勒斯和克莱西》 10. Geoffrey Chaucer 杰弗里·乔叟------The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》 The tales of the Knight,the Pardoner（卖赎罪券者），the Nun’s Priest (尼姑的牧师)，the Wife of Bath,together with the Prologue,are the best of the whole collection.(P24)（了解一下） Part two:The English renaissance
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