2016年上半年《教育教学知识与能力》真题.pdf

单项选择题(每题2分)

1.按照美国学者古德莱德的课程层次理论，教师在课堂中实施的课程属于()

A.理想的课程

B.正式的课程

C.领悟的课程

D.运作的课程

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答案：D

解析：美国学者古德莱德认为存在五种不同的课程：(1)理想的课程；(2)正式的课程；(3)领悟的课程;(4)运作的课程；(5)经验的课程。教师在课堂中实施的课程是运作的课程。

2.教师可以通过观察学生的言行举止来了解学生的内心世界。这说明思维具有()

A.间接性

B.概括性

C.理解性

D.整体性

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答案：A

解析：思维的间接性是指思维活动不直接反映作用于感觉器官的事物，而是借助一定的媒介和一定的知识经验对客观事物进行间接的认识。

3.荀子在《劝学篇》中指出：“不积跬步无以至千里，不积小流无以成江海。”这句话所蕴含的教学原则是()

A.循序渐进原则

B.因材施教原则

C.启发诱导原则

D.直观性原则

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答案：A

解析：循序渐进原则是指教师要严格按照科学知识的内在逻辑和学生的认知发展规律进行教学，使学生掌握系统的科学文化知识，能力得到充分的发展。题干的描述体现了教学要按照学生的认识顺序，由浅入深、由易到难、由简到繁地进行，这属于循序渐进的教学原则。

4.小林有一次偷拿水果摊上的苹果被老师叫到了办公室，老师批评他：“为什么总是拿别人的东西？”小林低着头回答：“我也知道不对，就是有时忍不住。”这说明小林缺乏()(常考)

A.道德认识教育

B.道德情感教育

C.道德意志教育

D.道德行为教育

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答案：C

解析：道德意志是个体自觉地调节道德行为，克服困难，以实现预定道德目标的心理过程。道德意志表现为能够排除内部障碍和外部困难，坚决执行道德动机所引起的行为决定。

5.有目的、有计划地对事物或现象进行感知以获取资料的研究方法是()

A.历史法

B.问卷法

C.观察法

D.文献法

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答案：C

解析：题干描述的是观察法的概念。

6.儿童出现眼睛干涩、夜盲症，可能主要缺乏()

A.维生素A

B.维生素B

C.维生素C

D.维生素D

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答案：A

解析：夜盲症是由于饮食中缺乏维生素A或因某些消化系统疾病影响维生素A的吸收，致使视网膜杆状细胞没有合成视紫红质的原料而造成的。

7.与学校教育相比，家庭教育的特点主要表现在()

A.生活性

B.计划性

C.组织性

D.系统性

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答案：A

解析：与制度化的学校教育相比，家庭教育仍然在内容、形式、方法诸多方面带有自己明显的特点。首先就表现为生活化特点。

8.在教授数学《长方形和正方形周长》时，张老师将能够正确计算长方形和正方形的周长，拟定为教学目标之一。该目标属于()(常考)

A.知识性目标

B.过程性目标

C.技能性目标

D.情感性目标

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答案：C

解析：让学生掌握计算周长的方法，这属于技能性目标。

9.我国制度化学校教育体系包括()①幼儿教育②初等教育③中等教育④成人教育⑤高等教育

A.①②③④

B.①②③⑤

C.①②④⑤

D.②③④⑤

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答案：B

解析：从层次结构上来看，我国现行学校教育包括幼儿教育、初等教育、中等教育和高等教育四个层次;从类别结构上来看，我国现行学校教育可划分为基础教育、职业技术教育、高等教育、成人教育和特殊教育五个大类。

10.不受外界环境影响，常用自己的内在标准判断客观事物的人。其认知方式属于()

A.场独立型

B.场依存型

C.整体型

D.系列型

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Section A Directions：In this section.you will hear two long conversations，At the end of each conversation，you will，hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C and D .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. ◆1.A.The restructuring of her company. B.The man’s switch to a new career. C.The updating of technology at CucinTech.

D.The project the man managed at CucinTech. ◆2.A.Talented personnel. B.Effective promotion. C.Strategic innovation. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f87661392.html,petitive products. ◆3.A.Innovate constantly. B.Expand the market. C.Recruit more talents. D.Watch out for his competitors. ◆4.A. Possible bankruptcy. B.Unforeseen difficulties. C.Imitation by one’s competitors. D.Conflicts within the company. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

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