高中英语阅读课中的词汇教学

高中英语阅读课中的词汇教学

对于大多数中国学生来说，如何扩大词汇量一直是一个令人头疼的难题。有限的词汇量极大地阻碍着学生阅读理解能力的提高。许多学生对怎样扩大词汇量没有一个清晰的概念。他们做了大量的阅读练习，但是在其阅读过程常常不得不被查词典所打断。许多学生更是逢生词必查，虽然他们读过多本厚书但收效不大。许多数英语教师也并不十分清楚，究竟应如何对阅读文章中的词汇进行系统地教学。研究和探讨阅读课中的词汇教学。对提高阅读教学的质量具有十分重要的意义。提高阅读能力必须扩大词汇量，要扩大词汇量必须大量阅读，这两者相辅相成，互为因果。在高中英语阅读课中，只有重视阅读课中的词汇教学，寻找有效的教学方法和策略．才能帮助学生更好地掌握词汇。从而达到提高学生阅读能力的目的一、词汇教学与高中英语阅读课

如果没有词汇。任何形式的交流都无从谈起，因此要学好英语，对于英语学习者来说掌握大量的词汇是关键。也是学习英语的重要基础。无论学生的语法多么熟练，发音多么纯正，没有词汇都无法进行有效地交流。这点也不可避免的体现在学生在英语阅读的学习过程中。阅读课是英语课堂教学的重要教学形式。阅读课的主要目的是提高学生的阅读能力。这种能力包括快速获取信息的能力，获取特定信息的能力．以及获取文章综合信息的能力等。

除需要提高阅读能力外，在中学的阅读教学中，也必须重视词汇教学。大多数高中英语教师都有这样的体会：新课程的教材中生词量大，大部分生词都被涵盖在了每单元的阅读文章中，这足以说明在学生阅读理解能力提高过程中词汇的重要性。要大量阅读必须拥有大量的词汇，要拥有大量的词汇必须大量阅读。这两者相辅相成，互为因果。

在教学实践中词汇量的大小从侧面上决定了阅读理解的程度。对于阅读理解题，一句话或一篇短文中。只要有几个生词很可能就会影响一句话或对整篇文章的理解。词汇量小不仅限制着阅读的速度和质量，最重要的是影响学生们阅读的信心。相应地，词汇量越大，阅读面越广，视野就越开阔，阅读理解的准确度也随之提高。阅读兴趣也就越大。在英语考试中，阅读理解所占分值正稳步提高，在高考中已经占到40％。

二、当前高中阅读课中词汇教学的问题

词汇教学是贯穿于整个中学课堂教学的重要内容，对于词汇处理的有效性直接影响阅读的效果。但是，在目前的高中英语阅读课的教学中，词汇教学相对较少，很少受到重视或没有使用合适的教学方法。通过对高中英语30多节阅读课的数据分析，发现其中只有两节课直接涉及到了词汇教学，连总数的10％都不到。

进行观察后发现．课堂教学过程基本都是由以下环节构成：lead—in-+pre—reading---*reading--*post reading．几乎所有的课堂都是直接进入reading 环节，整个reading的过程基本不涉及到词汇教学。这些课堂使用的教材基本上都是人教版《普通高中课程标准实验教科书》。而从课本后面的《各单元生词和习惯用语》中，可以看出几乎每篇阅读材料都有超过20个生词。在所有阅读课堂所没有涉及到词汇教学的阅读课型案例中，生词在上阅读课之前都经过“处理”。其中有25节也就是近90％的是通过“早读学生预习”的：有2节，即7％的案例是在“第一课时wanning-up”中解决的。还有l节没有做任何的处理，即3％的案例“是学生自己预习解决的”。

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从观察的结果看。大部分的老师都是通过早读解决生词的。“早读解决生词”的方式有如下几种：一是老师或录音材料领读正音。然后学生自读，记忆，占71％；二是学生自己先试读，然后老师或录音材料领读正音，然后学生自读，记忆，占ll％。三是老师领读并讲解部分单词，占4％；四是完全有学生自己预习。占14％。

那么，占71％的第一种方法——学生自读掌握生词的效果如何呢?我们在某校高一年级的两个班级做了如下实验。实验的教材是人教版《普通高中课程标准实验教科书》英语必修第一册，Unit 4，reading：A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep．课后词汇表中涉及到本阅读文章的生词共有35个，包括打三角符号的词三个(三角符号表示该词不在大纲要求内)。这三个有三角符号的词分别是：crack，survivor，miner，其实这三个词都是高频词。该校早读为20分钟。在早读开始时，先由老师领读一遍，然后学生自主预习记忆。整个早读20分钟，教师都在教室观察，以确保学生自主学习的质量。2个小时之后，在英语课上，对这35个生词进行了听写。听写的方式是由教师读英语单词，请学生写出英语单词并注出汉语词义。两个班级共96人。

三、有效提高高中阅读课词汇教学质量的对策

阅读课的目的是训练学生的阅读能力。通过阅读训练提高阅读技巧。增强阅读理解能力，学习和掌握语篇所承载的语言知识。但是，为了更有效的提高阅读能力和水平，帮助学生更快，更准确的理解文章，在课堂预习、学习词汇的基础上，在不分散阅读中心的前提下，课堂中适当的词汇教学是必要的。对于那些就学生的认知水平来讲比较难的，学生通过上下文很难猜测其词义的词汇，或是阅读文章中的重点词汇，在课前可以采取合适的方法先行处理。根据词汇的特点以及他们在阅读材料中的必要性．可以灵活应用适当的方法。

1．如果需要处理的词汇较多，可以对需要强调的词汇集中强化。因为学生在课前已经进行了预习。将需要强调的词汇和其英语解释(explanation／definition)同时出现，让学生做配对练习。这样不仅复习了词汇，也训练了学生的英语理解能力。如：在人教版《普通高中课程标准实验教科书》英语必修第一册，Unit 2，reading：弧e Road To Modem English 的教学中，由于本单元生词较多，可以在课前用配对的方法进行集中强化。

2．图片帮助法。对于一些用文字解释比较麻烦，或用文字解释很难适应学生认知水平的词汇．可以借用图片帮助。以人教版《普通高中课程标准实验教科书》英语必修第一册，Unit 2，reading：ne RoadTo Modem English为例。像identity和lorry这一类的词用英语释义比较麻烦，可能释义比原词更加难懂，而用汉语解释则失去英语词汇学习的特点，如果用图片帮助释义则有很好的效果，学习记忆的效果也会很好。学习identity完全可以用一张身份证，而lorry则可以用一张卡车的图片，这样学习者就会很容易的记住这类词汇。

3．句子语境暗示法。将比较难的单词放在比较简单或能贴近学生认知水平的句子中，让学生推断词义。这样学生对词汇的使用将有比较深刻的印象。以人教版《普通高中课程标准实验教科书》英语必修第一册，Unit 2，reading：The Road To Modem English的生词actually为例。Actually是一个比较难理解的词汇，用英语释义法比较困难，而如此抽象的词汇使用图片帮助法等无法取得良好的效果。就可以用句子语境法在读前解决。

4．猜词游戏。猜词游戏可以用在阅读之前，也可以设计专门的环节进行。课堂中常用

的有词语接龙，背猜单词，词义竞猜等方法，对学生加深理解词义有较明显的效果。如词语接龙，可以让一组学生报中文，另一组学生讲出英文，然后互换的形式来进行，以巩固词义。背猜单词，词义竞猜则可将学生分为两大小组，然后报出单词中文意思，让小组成员抢答出正确英文单词，以正确率高那组获胜。通过游戏的过程记忆词汇，能使得学习过程更为轻松愉快，增强学生的学习兴趣。

5．生词填空。老师将课文改写，其中设计一些空格，让学生在这些空格中填上合适的本单元生词。这项活动主要在读后活动中使用，有时用来检测学生预习生词的效果也很有效。以人教版《普通高中课程标准实验教科书》英语必修第一册第四单元Reading：A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep为例。如需复习cracks，smelly两词时，可设计如下填空让学生在读后进行巩固：From the——of wens a gas come out．

6．分散突破。将比较难的词汇分散在课堂教学的不同环节中，可使难点分散突破。如将对文章理解有困难的词汇，分散在不同的教学环节中，让学生逐步加深理解。此方法在课堂具体实施时可与以上五种方法相结合，根据阅读文章的重难点灵活运用。

四、结语

阅读能力的培养是高中英语教学中一个非常重要的组成部分，是核心内容之一。阅读能力的高低直接影响学生运用英语的能力。注重阅读能力培养，为进一步学习和运用英语切实打好基础，是新课标的一项具体要求。在高中英语阅读课中，通过精心设计词汇教学，不仅有助于学生对词汇的掌握，而且能活跃课堂气氛，有效提高学生阅读的速度和理解的准确性，牢固掌握阅读内容。

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高二英语不同课型导学案模板

黄州西湖中学高二英语学科导学活页案 年级：_______ 班级：______ 学生姓名：________ 时间：___月___日 选修六Unit 3 A healthy life 课型一：阅读课(warming up, pre-reading, reading and comprehending) 课型二：词汇课(Discovering useful words and expressions ) 课型三：语法课(Discovering useful structure) 课型四；语言技能课(Using language) 课型五：写作课(Reading and writing) 课型六：测试课(Testing) 课型一：阅读课 (warming up, pre-reading, reading and comprehending) 一、学习目标 能力目标: 1. 通过讨论明确什么是健康的人及什么是健康的生活。 2. 学习与话题相关的词汇。 语言目标cigarette ; alcohol; abuse ; stress ; obesity ; adolescent ,etc; 二、学习过程 Part 1 Warming up 一、合作探究。 T ask 1 :小组内看图片讨论，哪些图片描述的是healthy activity, 哪些是unhealthy activity。 T ask 2 :讨论问题。 1. What kind of life is healthy life? _______________________________________________ 2. What kind of person is healthy person? _______________________________________________ 二、成果展示。展示Task 2 。 Part 2 Pre-reading 一、合作探究。 T ask 1 :小组内讨论Pre-reading Ex 1 中的问题。 T ask 2 : 阅读Ex 2 的要求。 1. 不细读文章，只看title ； 思考问题：What form is our passage? _________________________________________________ 推测：What may this part tell us? _________________________________________________ 浏览文章，思考： Who wrote this letter? _____________________ Who did he write this letter to? _______________________ What did he want to do? ____________________________ 二、成果展示。展示Task 1 , 2 。 Part 3 Reading 一、自主学习。 T ask 1 : 速读全文，写出文章的outline。 T ask 2 :阅读下面的内容，学习阅读技巧。 阅读技能：区分主次细节。 What are major details? 1)important to the main idea of the reading 2) personally important to you for some special reasons Tips: How to separate major from minor details 1. Find out the main idea of the passage. 2. Look for information that directly supports the main idea. 3. Look for most important words that tell you what the information will be about. 4. Underline the major details as you find them. 5. Read over quickly the words or sentences that do not give information about the main idea. T ask 3 :运用以上技能，完成课文阅读。 1. What is the main idea of the letter? _______________________________________________ 2. List the major details and group them. Give each group a subtitle. Subtitle 1 : _______________________________________________ Detail 1 : _______________________________________________ Detail 2 : _______________________________________________ Detail 3 : _______________________________________________ Detail 4 : _______________________________________________

高中英语阅读课公开课教案---一等奖

A teaching design Teacher Hongli Dong Analysis on Learners Senior high students are eager to learn something knowledgeable and interesting. They have their own opinions and attitudes. They're not content with the limited knowledge obtained from the textbooks. Their abstract thinking and cognitive capability have developed a lot. So I must try my best to help them keep up their passion, develop the feeling of success and build up good values. Analysis On the Teachin g Material Teaching Content The content of my lesson is a reading material, through the learning of which, I’ll enable students to know more about Jackie Chan, his life career and the qualities that lead to his success. At the same time, make Ss aware of the question-and-answer format in an interview and learn how to conclude a question from the answer. Teaching Aims Knowledge (1)The Ss can learn question-and-answer format in an interview. (2) The Ss can understand the content of the lesson, talk about Jackie Chan ’s life career and form their own opinion about success. A bilities (1) To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing (2) To improve Ss' reading abilities, especially their skimming and scanning abilities. (3) To train the Ss’ abilit ies of studying by themselves and through cooperating. Emotion Learn from Jackie Chan and understand the way to success is not smooth. Put the moral education in the process of study. Importan t Points What qualities are required to be successful? Difficult Points Help students to conclude the questions of interviewers according to Jackie Chan ’s answers. Teaching Methods 1. C ommunicative Approach 2. T ask-based Language Teaching 3. T otal Situational Action Teaching Aids A computer and a multi-media courseware. Teaching Procedures Students ’ Activities Purpose Step 1 Lead in (3 min) Greeting. T: Hello, everyone! Do you have an idol? Ss: yes. T: who is he or she? is she Yangmi ? is she Zhao Liying ? is he Wu Yifan ?(while speaking ,i will show those persons’ pict ures mentioned) Ss: he/she is .... T: What qualities of your idol attract you most? Arouse students' interest and lead in the topic for this lesson.

高中英语阅读教学反思

高中英语阅读教学反思 高中英语阅读教学涉及到的不仅是阅读能力的培养，也牵动着学习者的注意力、观察力、毅力及兴趣、动机、情感等众多心理素质和思想道德、艺术审美等社会文化素质。那么，在高中阅读课的教学中应如何调动学生学习的主观能动性，激发学生的主体意识，以达到培养学生能力、提高学生素质的目的呢? 本文就高中英语教学如何调动学生学习的主观能动性，激发学生的主体意识，谈几点思考： 一、设计提问，激发学生的主体思维 问题设计是英语阅读教学的重要手段，是帮助学生理解、鉴赏文章的切入点。教师设计问题，要遵循循序渐近的原则，要把问题建筑在学生的注意力和兴趣之上，服务于全面提高学生素质水平的目标需要。高中英语课文大多篇幅较长。课文内容参透了丰富的审美以及科学教育内容。在这些兼顾知识性、趣味性、思想性的阅读课教学中精心设计既有启发性又能激起学生探讨兴趣的系列问题，可以启迪学生动脑，激发学生思维，培养学生主动学习的习惯。 例如在教故事类文章时，可以先对故事细节、实事等向学生进行由表及里的回答，最后提问推断归纳性的问题。通过这样的提问，推想出课文中没有写到但又与之关系密切的若干内容，能使学生加深和拓宽对课文人物刻画、主

题表现的领悟，激起他们去主动思考和探索。教师设计问题时，要紧扣教材，层层推进，要具有一定的思想梯度。在提问、解答的过程中，教师要启发引导，以激活学生的思维欲望，帮助学生认知和理解。 二、授之以法，把学习的主动权交给学生 传统的看法认为教师的任务就是传授知识，按韩愈说的就是“传道授业解惑”，但是仅仅传授知识是不够的。要提高学生的素质，就要培养学生的能力。因此英语阅读教学中要突出“学”字，从让学生“学会”转到培养学生“会学”，授之以法，把学习的主动权交给学生。陶行知先生也说这样一句话：“我认为好的先生不是教书，不是教学生; 乃是教学生学。”学会怎样学习，对学生来说是至关重要的。学生只有掌握了科学有效的学习方法，接受新知识才能举一反三，触类旁通，更好地做到知识的迁移，并使学生受益终身。 1、指导学生认真预习 高中阅读课文长，难度大，抽象概念内容多，形象思维内容少，语法现象较复杂。因此，对学生来说，认真预习是及其重要的。如果学生没任何准备走进课堂那么学习肯定是被动的，教师讲解什么，学生就听什么; 教师演示什么，学生就看什么。这样的学习有什么主动性呢? 预习看起来是学生的事情，但教师精心指导是十分关键的。

【精校版】人教版高中英语必修四第3单元阅读1学案1

人教版精品英语资料（精校版） 第三单元阅读学案 姓名：班级：组号： 【学习目标】 1.To learn some useful new words and phrases; 2.To understand this paragraph and get some reading skills. 【课前预复习】 请同学们将预习中未能解决的问题和有疑惑的问题写下来，等待课堂上与教师和同学探究解决。 Ⅰ、知识达标 （1）翻译下列单词和短语 1.This famous film was (导演) by Zhang Yimou. 2.I’ve been f to have so many good teachers. 3.The project has been set up to help the (无家可归的)people. 4Tom was too brave and (克服)a lot of difficulties last month. 5.Although he failed in the examination again , he knew the success came after many______(失败). 6.We can’t go abroad this year , we’ll have to c ourselves with a holiday in Beijing. 7.We were a that she appeared at the party . 8.Zhao Benshan is an actor whose h is known to us all. 9.That book was writte n by the o writer , which you should read. 10.I just wanted to e her but it seemed that I made her cry worse. （2）翻译下列句子 1．As Victor Hugo once said, "Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face", and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. 2. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives. 3. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. 令人感到震惊的是，当查理会说话和走路的时候就被教唱歌和跳舞。 it在句中作_____ _____，____ ______才是真正的宾语。It本身无意义。 4. Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off(现在分词短语作结果状语) 5. By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England. He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. 6. As time went by, he began making films. He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world. 7. This character was a social failure but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties.

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