大学英语四级阅读理解训练分析解析

大学英语四级阅读理解训练（一）

Classified advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain secti ons of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising. Such groupings as “Help Wanted”,“Real Estate”,“Lost and Found” are made, t he rate charged being less than for display advertising. Classified advertis ements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser. The reader who is interested in a particular kind of advertisement finds al l

advertisements of that type grouped for him. The advertisers may, on thi s account, use a very small advertisement if it were placed among larger advertisements in the paper. It is evident that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a different frame of mind from that in which h

e approaches the other advertisements in the paper. He turns to a page o

f classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely too much extent on display type to get t he reader’s attention. Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type. With the increase in the numbe r of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain grou p is competin

g wit

h others in the same group for the reader’s attention. I n many cases, the result has been an increase in the size of the space use d and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way, the classified a

dvertisement has in reality advertisement. This is particularly true of real estate advertising

1. All of the following facts are advantages of classified advertisement for advertisers EXCEPT that ____.

A) classified advertisement charges less money

B) it is easier to attract the attention of the target consumers C) it provid es more information for the readers D) it does not have to rely too much on display type

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2. One of the examples given of types of classified advertisement is ____

A) houses for sale

B) people who are asking for help C) people who are lost D) job vacancies

3. What sort of attitude do people have when they look at classified adve rtisement, according to the writer

A) They are in the frame of mind to buy anything. B) They are looking for something they need.

C) They feel lost because there are so many advertisements. D) They feel the same as when they look at display advertisements. 4．According to the passage, in which way have the classified advertise ments changed nowadays

A) They depend more on display type. B) More money is charged for the m. C) They are divided into more groups. D) They are less formal.

5．Why have classified advertisements changed in appearance A) Becau se people no longer want headlines and pictures. B) Because real estate advertising is particularly truthful now.

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C) Because the increase in the number of such advertisements means th ey have to be small now.

D) Because there are more advertisements now and more competition a mong advertisers.

答案与解析： 1. C

分类广告的优越性不包括为读者提供更多的信息。事实辨析题。从文中可看出，分类广告的优越性在于收费低、无需很多的展现形式，以及更易吸引对某类广告感兴趣的读者的注意力，因此A，B，D都正确。文中唯独没有提到C。 2. A

房地产业就是分类广告的其中一块。细节题。本题考察对“Real Estate”的理解，它的意思是“房地产”，故选项A 正确。 3. B

当读者看分类广告时，他们会搜索自己需要的信息。事实辨析题。从文中可知，读者在看分类广告时和看展示广告的注意力的模式是不一样的，他们会去浏览自己感兴趣的类别，查找所需信息。故选项B正确。

4. A

根据文章，分类广告更多地依赖展现形式。推断题。文章最后指出，由于竞争的加剧，分类广告商们不得不用大标题和图片来吸引读者的注意力。故选项A正确。 5. D

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因为现在更多广告的投入和广告商之间的竞争日益加剧，所以分类广告不断变化形式。事实辨析题。文中指出，分类广告的变化是由于“With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, eac h advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the reader’s attention”，故选项D正确。

大学英语四级阅读理解训练（二）

Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm p raise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who stud y the relation between actions and, argue that rewards can improve perf ormance at work and school. Some other researchers who study various aspects of mental life, maintain those rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others. The latter vi ew has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the car eful use of small monetary rewards sparks in grade-school children sugge sting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, acc ording to a study in the June Journal Personality and Social Psychology. “If they know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Esenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation f or rewards.”

A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out

high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Esenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing eff orts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore falling grades.

In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points tow ard valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the De laware psychologist claims. 1. Psychologists are divided with regard to th eir attitudes toward ____. A) the choice between spiritual encourageme nt and monetary rewards

B) the appropriate amount of external rewards C) the study of relationshi p between actions and

D) the effects of external rewards on students' performance

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2. What is the view held by many educators concerning external rewards for students A) They approve of external rewards. B) They don't think ext ernal rewards. C) They have doubts about external rewards.

D) They believe external rewards can motivate small children, but not col lege students. 3. According to the result of the study mentioned in the pa ssage, what should educators do to stimulate motivation and creativity A ) Give rewards for performances which deserve them. B) Always promise rewards.

C) Assign tasks which are not very challenging.

D) Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made.

4. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying t o tighten their grading standards because they believe ____.

A) rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students’ B) pun ishment is more effective than rewarding

C) failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic stand ards D) discouraging the students anticipation for easy rewards is matter of urgency 5．Which of the following facts about “token economics” i s not correct A) Students are assigned challenging tasks. B) Rewards are g iven for good performances.

C) Students are evaluated according to the effort they put into the task.

D) With token economics, students’ creativity can be enhanced. 答案与解析： 1. D

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心理学家认为外界的奖励对学生会有不同的影响。事实辨析题。根据文章第一句话“Psychologists take opposing views of how external re wards, from war m praise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity”可知，心理学家的分歧在于来自外界的奖励对学生的积极性和创造性究竟有什么影响，故选项D正确.

2. C

许多教育家对外界的奖励持怀疑态度。

文章第二段第一句话提到，后一种观点得到了许多教育工作者的支

持，从第一段中可知，后一种观点是：奖励会促使学生对别人的赞许和馈赠产生依赖心理，因此奖励会破坏创造精神。由此可知，他们对奖励的正面作用持怀疑态度。故选项C正确。 3. A

根据文中的研究结果表明，教育家通过给予学生应得的奖励来提高他们的积极性和创造性。文章第三段指出，给予学生恰当的奖励，可使他们发挥更大的创造性，但如果对糟糕的表现也给予奖励，或让学生对奖励有太多的期许，反而会扼杀创造性。故选项A正确。 4. B

从文中可以得知，一些重点大学试图加强等级标准，因为他们相信惩罚比奖励更有效。事实辨析题。从文中第四段可知，许多大学之所以严格考试的评分标准，是因为“A teacher ... who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement end s up with uninspired students”。选项B 与此意相同。 5. C

根据学生的表现对他们作出评价。事实辨析题。根据最后一段的意思，在这种奖励制度下，要根据学生的表现对他们做出评价，而不仅仅是他们花费了多少精力来完成任务，故选项C正确。

大学英语四级阅读理解训练（三）

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may occur as an attempt to over-identify with the new culture in order t o be accepted by the people in it.

expression "he or she is like fish out of water"suggests ______. away from their cultures can hardly survive in a new culture fish can not sur vive without water

away from their culture experience mental isolation away from their

culture have difficulties in new environment order to identify with the new environment,some people may ______. an exaggerated picture of their own country the positive aspects of their own county their ori ginal beliefs a temporary set of values

of the following statements is true according to the author results in culture shock.

typical symptom of cultur shock is confusion. shock is the explanatio n of anxiety. shock happens to foreign students only. may worry abo ut ______. ignorance of the alien customs

knowledge of "Yes" in the native language understanding of friendshi p control of their behavior

the foreign visitor is immersed in new problems he finds hard to cope whith,he is most likely to feel ______.

答案：c d a d b c

。

大学英语四级阅读理解训练（八）

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different wa ys of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organization s with different beliefs. In addition, there is

usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies . All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many wa ys, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportuni ty for change because everything seems to be the same. And although co nditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undispu ted.

Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently an d more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-mat erial, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been l earned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic a nd less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substa nce; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in str ange elements.

Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it come s more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies. This is one reason why change has not come mo re quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts. passage is mainly discussing __________ . neces

sity of social change

factors that determine the ease with which social changes occur diffe rent societies

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factors that promote social change

is one of the factors that tend to promote social change. interest p oints of view emotional people technology

to the passage, which of the following is NOT true

change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspec ts of society. with and argument about conditions tend to slow down s ocial change. change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of so ciety.

change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were yo ung. expression "greater tolerance"(paragraph 1) refers to _____ . a." greater willingness to accept social change" b."quicker adaptation to ch anging circumstances" c."more respect for different beliefs and behavio r"

d."geeater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas"

change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because ________ .

there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom thin k it necessary to change

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there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty there are easy to please there are less disputed 答案：b b b c a

大学英语四级阅读理解训练（九）

As a reliable travel agency, we really do try to describe our centers and a ccommodation as realistically as possible. All our Super Centers and Mai n Centers have been extensively investigated during the winter season 19 75-1976. As a result we have first-hand information on the way in which hotels, life networks and ski schools, etc. operate during the season. We have not been able to investigate, at first hand, all our Independent Cent ers during the last season but all have been visited during the past three seasons. Should you need any more information about these centers we will try to get it for you. Our American centers have been investigated on our behalf by United Airlines Tours Department and by the U. S. tour ope rators who are assisting United and ourselves to offer you this novel prog ram to the United States.

Where possible we have eliminated the use of superlatives from the text (possibly making our brochure(小册子) less attractive to read than it might be) and have concentrated on as accurate a description as possible. Nevertheless you should bear in mind that your opinion and the opinion of our investigator might differ and the re may be changes between the time of a visit by our investigator and th

e visit o

f one of our customers.

We trust that it is evident to you that we have done all in our power to el iminate misdescription and that there really is no question of misreprese nta-tion on our part—either careless or otherwise. We welcome your co nstructive criticism—it is the best way we know of improving our brochur es and our service. Although complaints are very expensive to handle, yo ur complaint or criticism will be thoroughly investigated and a refund (退赔 ) made if it is justified—none will be made if it isn"t. 26. The firm claims that all its winter sports centers have been the recent target of A. a program of personal visits B. intensive enquiries about facilities C. attempts to increase hotel accom modation D. an improved information service

27. The "Independent Centers" were personally inspected_______.

A. the year before last

B. three years ago

、

C. between 1975 and 1976

D. within the last three seasons 28. The progr am of tours to the United States appears to be_______. A. a new collabo ration with U. S. travel firms B. newly taken over by U. S. tour operations

C. a new independent venture

D. organized by United Airlines

29. Their brochure would be more attractive to read, they say, if_______.

A. it were less truthful

B. it used fewer superlatives

C. it eliminated desc ription

D. it were more encouraged 30. The firm"s claim is that their pro gram is improved by_______. A. helpful fault-finding by customers

B. attractive description of the centers in every brochure

C. a standard p olicy of prompt repayment

D. careful control of the hotels 答案：26. A 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. A

大学英语四级阅读理解训练（十）

As a reliable travel agency, we really do try to describe our centers and a ccommodation as realistically as possible. All our Super Centers and Mai n Centers have been extensively investigated during the winter season 19 75-1976. As a result we have first-hand information on the way in which hotels, life networks and ski schools, etc. operate during the season. We have not been able to investigate, at first hand, all our Independent Cent ers during the last season but all have been visited during the past three seasons. Should you need any more information about these centers we will try to get it for you. Our American centers have been investigated on our behalf by United Airlines Tours Department and by the U. S. tour ope rators who are assisting United and ourselves to offer you this novel prog ram to the United States.

Where possible we have eliminated the use of superlatives from the tex t (possibly making our brochure(小册子) less attractive to read than it might be) and have concentrated on as accurate a description as possible. Nevertheless you should bear in mind that your opinion and the opinion of our investigator might differ and the

re may be changes between the time of a visit by our investigator and th e visit of one of our customers.

We trust that it is evident to you that we have done all in our power to eliminate misdescription and that there really is no question of misrepres enta-tion on our part—either careless or otherwise. We welcome your c onstructive criticism—it is the best way we know of improving our broch ures and our

service. Although complaints are very expensive to handle, your complai nt or criticism will be thoroughly investigated and a refund (退赔 ) made if it is justified—none will be made if it isn"t. 26. The firm claims that all its winter sport s centers have been the recent target of A. a program of personal visits B. intensive enquiries about facilities C. attempts to increase hotel acc ommodation D. an improved information service

27. The "Independent Centers" were personally inspected_______. A. the year before last B. three years ago

C. between 1975 and 1976

D. within the last three seasons 28. The pr ogram of tours to the United States appears to be_______. A. a new col laboration with U. S. travel firms B. newly taken over by U. S. tour oper ations C. a new independent venture D. organized by United Airlines 29. Their brochure would be more attractive to read, they say, if______ _. A. it were less truthful B. it used fewer superlatives C. it eliminated

description D. it were more encouraged 30. The firm"s claim is that thei r program is improved by_______. A. helpful fault-finding by customers

B. attractive description of the centers in every brochure

C. a standard policy of prompt repayment

D. careful control of the hotels 答案：26. A 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. A

大学英语四级第套真题试卷及答案

2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案 (第一套) Part I Writing (25 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 to 2 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A) The man in the car was absent-minded. B) The test driver made a wrong judgement. C) The self-driving system was faulty. D) The car was moving at a fast speed. 2. A) They have done better than conventional cars. B) They have caused several severe crashes. C) They have posed a threat to other drivers. D) They have generally done quite well. Questions 3 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 3. A) He works at a national park. B) He is a queen been specialist. C) He removed the beyond from the boot.

大学英语四级快速阅读技

2017年大学英语四级快速阅读技巧 2017年大学英语四级的3个试题特点 大学英语四级的试题特点1. 题干中的细节信息往往反映文章的主旨和段落主题。通过快速地阅读题干中的若干细节信息，考生可以迅速了解原文的主旨大意。 大学英语四级的试题特点2. 题干提供的细节信息中往往暗含一些说明文或议论文所必需的逻辑关系，考生可以利用这种关系预先对一些表达进行排序，这对于解答信息匹配题有着非常重要的意义。 大学英语四级的试题特点3. 提干提供的信息表达中通常包括如下三类：能够指示开头段的词，如overview, introduction, initiation, main idea, definition 等;能够指示结尾段的词，如future, solution, conclusion, suggestion, summary 等;能够帮助考生回原文定位的特殊词，如rate, ration, proportion, percentage, number, figure, statistical demographics 等。 4.有些试题题干中的细节信息往往会和原文的其他某一题目联系密切，考生可通过先解答原文的其他题目来获得解答题目的线索和提示性信息。 2017年英语四级快速阅读的6个解题技巧 快速阅读的解题技巧(1) 判定词性时可以重点分析动词的时态，即哪几个是一般时，哪几个是过去时又或者是过去分词。 因为根据样题，它对考生不做选项改写要求，所以我们可以根据上下文时态对应的原则，给自己进一步缩小选择范围。

如果选项中出现指代词时，往往该选项不能放在首句，要注意指代成立的条件。 快速阅读的解题技巧(3) 如果选项中出现一组反义词时，往往有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是对于文章框架结构的理解，要求考生理解整篇文章的语境色彩。 快速阅读的解题技巧(4) 如果选项中出现一组近义词时，往往也有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是词汇的精确理解，要求考生分析清楚其细微的区别。 快速阅读的解题技巧(5) 如果选项为连词时，要关注上下句内在的逻辑关系。常见的逻辑关系有：因果，并列平行，递进，强对比，前后意思一致等。 快速阅读的解题技巧(6) 要有总体观，不必按顺序作题。先把自己最有把握的词选出，然后删除该选项，为吃不准的选项缩小选择范围。 2017年快速判定英语四级文章主题3个技巧 快速判定主题的技巧(1) 读文章时重点关注文章的首段和首末句。按照西方人习惯性的思维方式和写作习惯，他们惯用的是演绎法：即文章一开始先扔出自己的核心观点，然后具体一步步论证。 根据统计，每一段的第一句、第二句和最后一句话为本段的主题句的概率分别为50%、20%、20%，三句话成为主题句的概率超过九成，当然也就成为我们阅读的重中之重。

大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版)

大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .

2020年大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案

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