高考英语阅读理解-说明文8篇真题训练

高考英语阅读理解-说

明文8篇真题训练-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

高考英语复习阅读理解专练说明文8篇

Passage 1(2017北京,C)

Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.

The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called“herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.

But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.

That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.

The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.

Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加)of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.

Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.

Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions?Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.

1.The first two paragraphs suggest that.

A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend

B.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention

C.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c5611278.html,rmation about measles spreads quickly

2.Herd immunity works well when.

A.exemptions are allowed

B.several vaccines are used together

C.the whole neighborhood is involved in

D.new regulations are added to the state laws

3.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?

A.The overuse of vaccine.

B.The lack of medical care.

C.The features of measles itself.

D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.

4.What is the purpose of the passage?

A.To introduce the idea of exemption.

B.To discuss methods to cure measles.

C.To stress the importance of vaccination.

D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.

Passage 2(2017天津,A)

Suppose you’re in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble.

Realisation will probably set in seconds after you’ve clicked “send”. You freeze in horror and burn with shame.

What to do?Here are four common email accidents, and how to recover.

Clicking “send”too soon

Don’t waste your time trying to find out if the receiver has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored.

Writing the wrong name

The sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologising for your mistake. Keep the tone measured:don’t handle it too lightly, as people can be offended, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).

Clicking “reply all”unintentionally

You accidentally reveal(透露)to the entire company what menu choices you would prefer

at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holiday you’d like to take. In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to something worse, when everyone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.

Sending an offensive message to its subject

The most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you’re discussing. In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensibly—see it as an opportunity to clear up any difficulties you may have with this person.

1.After realising an email accident, you are likely to feel .

A.curious

B.tired

C.awful

D.funny

2.If you have written the wrong name in an email, it is best to .

A.apologise in a serious manner

B.tell the receiver to ignore the error

C.learn to write the name correctly

D.send a short notice to everyone

3.What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all”email?

A.Try offering other choices.

B.Avoid further involvement.

C.Meet other staff members.

D.Make a light-hearted apology.

4.How should you deal with the problem caused by an offensive email?

A.By promising not to offend the receiver again.

B.By seeking support from the receiver’s friends.

C.By asking the receiver to control his anger.

D.By talking to the receiver face to face.

5.What is the passage mainly about?

A.Defining email errors.

B.Reducing email mistakes.

C.Handling email accidents.

D.Improving email writing.

Passage 3(2017天津,D)

I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours?To understand the issue, let’s take a look at three types of “waits”.

The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink(洗碗池)as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it’s full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.

A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific.“Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.”I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience.

Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.

Turning one’s life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup

mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn’t come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.

We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don’t be desperate. You’re probably just as busy as the next guy.

1.While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to.

A.keep ourselves busy

B.get absent-minded

C.grow anxious

D.stay focused

2.What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?

A.The Forced Wait requires some self-control.

B.The Forced Wait makes people passive.

C.The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.

D.The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain.

3.What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait?

A.It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait.

B.It doesn’t always bring the desired result.

C.It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.

D.It doesn’t give people faith and hope.

4.What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting?

A.Take it seriously.

B.Don’t rely on others.

C.Do something else.

D.Don’t lose heart.

5.The author supports his view by.

A.exploring various causes of “waits”

B.describing detailed processes of “waits”

C.analyzing different categories of “waits”

D.revealing frustrating consequences of “waits”

Passage 4(2017浙江,B)

Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or

later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.

How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day!Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime?Watch TV.

“More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities(机会) to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone,” says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers’ bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.

Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.

1.What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?

A.American kids’ sleeping habits.

B.Teenagers’ sleep-related diseases.

C.Activities to prevent sleeplessness.

D.Learning problems and lack of sleep.

2.How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day?

A.7 hours.

B.8 hours.

C.10 hours.

D.18 hours.

3.Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?

A.They are affected by certain body chemicals.

B.They tend to do things that excite them.

C.They follow their parents’ examples.

D.They don’t need to go to school early.

Passage 5(2017课标全国Ⅰ,C)

Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合)voice across cultures.

Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.

It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.

“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,”Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan.“What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”

Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,”says Moran.

Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party,“just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,”says Moran.“For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感)lieAre we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟)on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughtsSometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,”says Moran,“so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”

1.Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?

A.To remember the birth of jazz.

B.To protect cultural diversity.

C.To encourage people to study music.

D.To recognize the value of jazz.

2.What does the underlined word“that”in paragraph 3 refer to?

A.Jazz becoming more accessible.

B.The production of jazz growing faster.

C.Jazz being less popular with the young.

D.The jazz audience becoming larger.

3.What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?

A.It will disappear gradually.

B.It remains black and white.

C.It should keep up with the times.

D.It changes every 50 years.

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A.Exploring the Future of Jazz

B.The Rise and Fall of Jazz

C.The Story of a Jazz Musician

D.Celebrating the Jazz Day

Passage 6(2016课标Ⅲ,C)

If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around. It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.

Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn’t taste of anything special,

it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.

There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.

At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.

Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.

1.What can people do at the apple events?

A.Attend experts’ lectures.

B.Visit fruit-loving families.

C.Plant fruit trees in an orchard.

D.Taste many kinds of apples.

2.What can we learn about Decio?

A.It is a new variety.

B.It has a strange look.

C.It is rarely seen now.

D.It has a special taste.

3.What does the underlined phrase“a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3 mean?

A.A practical idea.

B.A vain hope.

C.A brilliant plan.

D.A selfish desire.

4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A.To show how to grow apples.

B.To introduce an apple festival.

C.To help people select apples.

D.To promote apple research.

Passage 7(2015课标Ⅰ,C)

Salvador Dali(1904—1989)was one of the most popular of modern artists.The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings,sculptures,drawings and more.Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces,most importantly The Persistence of Memory.There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938,works on

paper,objects,and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.

The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning,the world of birth.The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.

The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities(无限).“From the infinity small to the infinity large,contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus:amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,”explains the Pompidou Centre.

The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid,Spain,and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg,Florida.

1.Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1?

A.Optimistic.

B.Productive.

C.Generous.

D.Traditional.

2.What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be?

A.One of his masterworks.

B.A successful screen adaptation.

C.An artistic creation for the stage.

D.One of the best TV programmes.

3.How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?

A.By popularity.

B.By importance.

C.By size and shape.

D.By time and subject.

4.What does the word“contributions”in the last paragraph refer to?

A.Artworks.

B.Projects.

C.Donations.

D.Documents.

Passage 8(2014课标Ⅰ,B)

Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.

It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point,there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States,making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller,a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles(about 515 kilometers)long was seen near Cincinnati.

Sadly,the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing.Where the birds were most abundant,people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the https://www.sodocs.net/doc/c5611278.html,mercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain,waited until pigeons had settled to feed,then threw large nets over them,taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.

By the closing decades of the 19th century,the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood,which scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north,where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone,never to be seen again.

In 1897,the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons,but by then,no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County,Ohio,in 1900.For a time,a few birds survived under human care.The last of them,known affectionately as Martha,died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1,1914.

1.In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons.

A.were the biggest bird in the world

B.lived mainly in the south of America

C.did great harm to the natural environment

D.were the largest bird population in the US

2.The underlined word “undoing”probably refers to the pigeons’.

A.escape

B.ruin

C.liberation

D.evolution

3.What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?

A.To seek pleasure.

B.To save other birds.

C.To make money.

D.To protect crops.

4.What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?

A.It was ignored by the public.

B.It was declared too late.

C.It was unfair.

D.It was strict.

答案全解全析

Passage 1

[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。题材为科普知识类。14年前因为疫苗的使用,麻疹病在美国几乎消失了。但是最近,美国麻疹病例的数量却呈小幅上升趋势,这无疑给人们敲响了警钟。

1.A推理判断题。文章第一段讲的是由于反疫苗运动,麻疹病卷土重来;再根据第二段第一句可知,麻疹病例的数量听起来不多,但是它们却是一种危险趋势的开始。

2.C事实细节题。根据第三段第一句可知,群体免疫力只有在几乎整个群体都进行了疫苗免疫后才能起作用,故选C项。

3.D推理判断题。根据第一段第二句及倒数第三、四段的内容可知选D项。

4.C主旨要义题。作者通过讲述日益增长的反疫苗运动以及一些州政府法律对于疫苗豁

免权的不限制,分析了美国麻疹病例的数量呈小幅上升趋势的原因,由此向读者强调接种疫苗的重要性,故选C项。

[长难句]This is called“herd immunity”,which protects the people who get hurt

easily,including those who can t be vaccinated for medical reasons,babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn t work. 这叫“群体免疫”,它保护那些容易受伤的人,这些人包括由于医疗原因不能接种疫苗的人、年龄太小不能接种疫苗的儿童和疫苗对其不起作用的人。

本句是一个复合句,主句是This is called“herd immunity”,which从句是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词herd immunity,定语从句who get hurt easily修饰先行词people,定语从句who can t be vaccinated for medical reasons修饰先行词those,定语从句on whom the vaccine doesn t work修饰其前的先行词people。

Passage 2

[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。在日常生活中你可能会不经意发错电子邮件,造成不必要的尴尬或冒犯别人。本文就这个问题提出了几种解决的办法。

1.C事实细节题。根据第二段中的“You freeze in horror and burn with shame.”可知,在你意识到发错了邮件时,你会惊恐地愣住,羞得脸颊发烫。由此可知你会感觉很糟糕。curious 好奇的;tired劳累的;awful糟糕的;funny 滑稽的。

2.A推理判断题。根据Writing the wrong name部分中的“Respond quickly and briefly, apologising for your mistake. Keep the tone measured:don t handle it too lightly”可以推断出,

在写错名字时,要立即道歉,并且说话的语调要有分寸,不能太轻率,也就是你要严肃认真地道歉,所以答案为A项。

3.B推理判断题。根据Clicking “reply all” unintentionally部分中的“In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.”可以推断出,出现这种情况时,你要离开键盘,让每个人都冷静下来,也就是不要继续参与讨论,所以答案为B项。

4.D事实细节题。根据最后一段中的“In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry.”可知,出现这种情况时,要亲自向收件人道歉,所以答案为D项。

5.C主旨要义题。根据第三段“What to do Here are four common email accidents, and how to recover.”可知,本文的主题就是当发错邮件时你应该如何补救。本文列举了四种常见的错误以及相应的补救措施,所以答案为C项。

[长难句]Suppose you re in a rush,feeling tired,not paying attention to your screen,and you send an email that could get you in trouble. 假设你很忙,感觉很累,注意力不在电脑屏幕上,这时你发了一封可能会使你陷入麻烦的邮件。

连词and连接两个并列复合句,第一个分句中suppose后是省略了that的宾语从句。

第二个分句中that could get you in trouble为定语从句,修饰先行词an email。

Passage 3

[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文,题材为社会生活类。本文介绍了日常生活中出现的三种等待,并且对每种等待作了详细的分析。

1.B事实细节题。第二段对Watched-Pot Wait进行了具体的描述。由第二段倒数第二句

中的“...the brain slips away from the body and wanders about...”可知,人们在这样的等待中容易走神,故选B。

2.A事实细节题。根据第三段第二句“This one requires a bit of discipline.”可知,A项中的“requires some self-control”与之相符,故选A。

3.B事实细节题。第四段对Lucky-Break Wait作了详细的描述,本段最后一句中的“waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen”表明,这种等待不一定会带来预期的结果,故选B。

4.D事实细节题。根据题干中的the next time可知,本题细节出现在最后一段。根据最后一段第二句“The next time...don t be desperate.”可知,作者建议我们在等待时不要绝望,故选D。

5.C推理判断题。本文分析了日常生活中的三种等待。故选C项。

[长难句]Unlike the Forced Wait,which is also voluntary,waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen. 不像强制性的等待,这也是自发性,等待你的好运并不一定意味着它会发生。

which is also voluntary为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Forced Wait,that it will happen为宾语从句。

Passage 4

[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国青少年的睡眠习惯及存在的问题。

1.A事实细节题。根据文章第二句可知,该项调查主要关注的是美国青少年上床睡觉的时间,也就是他们的睡眠习惯,所以选 A。

2.C事实细节题。根据文章第二段中的“For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal.”可知C项正确。

3.B推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段前两句的内容可知选 B。

[长难句]Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers,some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. 因为对于青少年来说,困倦是一个很严重的问题,一些学区已经决定要比过去晚些时候开始上课。

Because引导的是原因状语从句,than they used to为比较状语从句。

Passage 5

[语篇解读]本文为说明文。联合国教科文组织把4月30日定为国际爵士乐日,以此提高人们对爵士乐的认识,突出它的重要性。

1.D事实细节题。根据第一段最后一句话“...to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and...”可知,联合国教科文组织把这一天定为国际爵士乐日是为了提高人们对爵士乐的认识,突出它的重要性,即让人们认可它的价值,所以答案为D项。

2.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的描述:在美国爵士乐的观众越来越少,年纪也越来越大,这种音乐和年轻一代失去了联系。改变这一点正是Jason Moran的工作。由此可知答案为C 项。

3.C推理判断题。根据第五段中的“It has to continue to move, because...”可知,Moran认为爵士乐需要不断地前进,因为当今的世界和以前已经不一样了。由此推断出Moran对爵士乐的看法应该是:爵士乐应该跟上时代的脚步。所以答案为C项。

4.A主旨要义题。第一段作者提到为了让人们认可爵士乐的价值而设立了国际爵士乐日;后面描述了爵士乐的现状,指出了为什么现在的年轻人不接受它;再结合最后一段中的“so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”可知,本文的主题就是探索爵士乐的未来,答案为A项。

[长难句]Are we,as humans,gaining any insight on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts怎样谈论我们自己,像查理·帕克的唱片那样的抽象的东西如何使我们的感情和思想进行对话,对此我们人类有一些感悟吗

句子的主语是we,as humans是插入语。on是介词,表示“关于”,后面接了两个宾语,第一个是how to talk about ourselves,第二个是how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts。

Passage 6

[语篇解读]本文是说明文,介绍了苹果节的有关情况。在苹果节期间,你可以品尝到各种苹果。文中还提及了一些特殊的品种和苹果节的一些特色活动。

1.D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see,and often taste,a wide variety of apples.可知可以品尝到很多品种的苹果。故选D。

2.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence,such as Decio which was grown by the Romans可知选C。

3.B词义猜测题。根据you ll need a warm,sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it可知种此种苹果不易,故选B。

4.B推理判断题。通读全文,可以知道作者的目的是介绍苹果节。

[长难句]If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what s around.如果你是个水果种植者,或是想成为一个这样的人,利用苹果节来看看都有什么吧。

此句是个主从复合句, if引导条件状语从句。

Passage 7

[语篇解读]Salvador Dali是最著名的现代艺术家之一,为了对他表示尊敬和钦佩,巴黎Pompidou中心组织了一次他的作品展。

1.B推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings,sculptures,drawings and more可知展览的作品种类繁多,由此可推断出Dali是个“多产的”艺术家。

2.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces,most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知A项正确。

3.D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句The exhibition follows a path of time and subject...可知D项正确。

4.A词义猜测题。最后一段指出,展出的优秀作品是与其他博物馆合作准备的,包括来自St.Petersburg的Salvador Dali博物馆的艺术品,故选A项。

Passage 8

[语篇解读]本文为说明文,题材为环境与自然类。曾几何时在美国蔚蓝的天空飞翔着一种鸟,这种鸟可能是当时美国数量最多的鸟类——旅鸽。但是后来这种鸟的数量急剧减少,最终于1914年9月1日灭绝了。到底发生了什么事呢这些鸟去哪儿了呢

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2.B词义猜测题。根据后面的描述可知人们大量捕捉这种鸟,把它们卖到饭店。由此推断出这种鸟的数量众多给它们带来了灾难。所以答案为B项。escape逃跑,避开;ruin衰落的原因,祸根;liberation解放;evolution进化,发展。

3.C细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句话The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.可知人们主要是为了钱才大量捕杀这种鸟的,所以答案为C项。其他三项文中均未提及。

4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述可知尽管密歇根州于1897年通过了禁止捕杀旅鸽的法律,但是在此之前的10年里人们已经没有见过有一定规模的鸟群飞过密歇根州了。由此推断出该法律颁布得太晚了,所以答案为B项。其他三项文中均未提及。

[长难句]It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird

population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.据估算,在这种鸟的数量达到最高值的时候,有超过30亿只——这个数量相当于全美国鸟类数量的24%到40%,这或许使它成为了世界上数量最多的鸟类。

主句用的是It was+过去分词+that句式,that从句中when引导的是时间状语从句,there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons为主句。破折号后是同位语,对前面的数量进行解释和说明,making it...是现在分词短语作结果状语。

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