过去完成时讲解及练习试题.docx

过去完成时

1.概念：去生或已完成的作在造成的影响或果，或从去已开始，持到在的作或状。

2. 状： recently, lately, since ?for ?,in the past few years, etc.

3.基本构： have/has + done

4.否定形式： have/has + not +done.

5.一般疑句： have 或 has 提前

概念：去完成表示在去某一或作之前已生或完

成了的作，即 " 去的去（ past-in-the-past）"。

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那以前那在

构成：去完成由 " 助 had +去分"构成，其中had

通用于各种人称。

They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.

She had finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning.

二、过去完成时的判断依据

1.由时间状语来判定

一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：

（ 1 ） by +过去的时间点。

如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.

（ 2 ） by the end of +过去的时间点。

如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

（ 3 ） before +过去的时间点。

如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.

2.由" 过去的过去 " 来判定。

过去完成时表示 " 过去的过去 " ，是指过去某一动作之前已经发

生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在

后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：

（ 1 ）宾语从句中

当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在 told, said, knew, heard, thought

等动词后的宾语从句。如：

She said that she had seen the film before.

（ 2 ）状语从句中

在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生

有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过

去时。如：

When I got to the station, the train had already left.

After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.

注意： before, after引导的时间状语从句中，由于before和after本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：

Where did you study before you came here?

After he closed the door, he left the classroom.

（ 3 ）表示意向的，如 hope, wish, expect, think,intend, mean, suppose 等，用去完成表示" 原本?，未能?"

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

3.根据上、下文来判定。

I met WangTao in the street yesterday. Wehadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.

三、去完成的主要用法

1.去完成表示一个作或状在去某一或作之前已完成或

束，即生在 " 去的去 " 。如：

When I woke up, it had stopped raining.

我醒来，雨已停了。（主句的作生在" 去的去 " ）

2.去完成是一个相的，表示的是 " 去的去 " ，只有和去某一

或某一作相比才使用它。如：

He told me that he had written a new book. (had written

生在 told之前)

3.去完成需要与一个表示去的状用，它不能离

开去而独立存在。此多与already，yet，still，

just ， before，never等时间副词及by，before，until等引导的短语或从句连用。

如： Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.

Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.

4.过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一

直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。如： By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory

for twenty years.（had worked已有了20年，还有继续进行下

去的可能）

四、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别

现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为" 助动词 have (has) +过去分

词"；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在

过去，更强调 " 过去的过去 " ，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，

才用到它。试比较：

I have learned 1000 English words so far.

到目前为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。

I had learned 1000 English words till then.

到那时为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。

- I'm sorry to keep you waiting.对不起，让你久等了。

- Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.

没什么，我只等了几分钟。（ " 等" 的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在）

- John returned home yesterday.约翰昨天回到家的。

- Where had he been?

他去哪儿了？（答语中使用过去完成时是指约翰在returned home 之前去了哪些地方，即 " 过去的过去 " ）

五、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别

虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：

1.时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调 " 过去的过去 " ；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。试比较：

They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.

They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.

2.在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时

间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。如：

She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too.She had justwon the first in the composition competition.

3.当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时，按时

间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在

before，after，as soon as引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身

已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如：He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper

I (had) called her before I left the office.

过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算，通常连用的动词是 want, think, hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose 等：

I had meant to come, but something happened.我本想来，但有事就没有来。

I had intended to speak, but time did not permit.我本想发言，但时间不允许。

Wehad hoped that you would cometo see us, but you didn ’t.我们本想你来看我们的，但你没有来。

过去完成时练习题

1.单项选择

1．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.

A. where I had been

B. where I had gone

C. where had I been

D. where had I gone

2.What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever?

A. did, do

B. has, doneC did, did.D. had, done

3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten

A. learned

B. was learning

C. had learned

D. learnt

4. She ______lived here for ______ years.

A. had, a few

B. has, several

C.had, a lot of

D.。has,

a great deal of

5.By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.

A had cookedB. cookedC. have cookedD. was cooked

6.She said she __________ the principle

already A .has seenB. sawC. will seeD. had seen

7.She said her family _______ themselves ______ the

army during the war.

A. has hidden, from

B. had hidden, from

C. has hidden, with

D. had hidden, with

8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.

A.has completed university

B.has completed the university

B.had completed an universityD. had completed university

9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.

A. for

B. in

C. by

D. at

10.He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.

A had learned, pianoB. had learned, the piano

C. has learned, the piano

D. learns ,piano.

11.What _______ Annie ____ by the time he was ten?

A. did, do

B. did, did

C. has, done

D. had done

12 .He ___ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.

A. has worked

B. works

C. had worked

D. will work

13. By the end of last week, they ____ the bridge.

A. has completed

B. completed

C. will complete

D. had completed

14.Ben hates playing _____ violin, but he likes playing

____ football.

A. a ?the

B. the?the

C. /?the

D. the?/

15. By the time he was 4, he ______ a lot of Germanwords.

A. had learned

B. has learned

C. learned

D. learns

16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _____ the classroom.

A. was left

B. had left

C. has left

D. left

17.They _________ in Guangzhou since 2000.

A. lived

B. had lived

C. have lived

D. were living

18. The train from Beijing_______ ten minutes ago.

A. has arrived

B. was arriving

C. arrived

D. had arrived

19.The students _________ their classroom when the

visitors arrived.

A . have cleaned B. had cleanedC. was cleanedD. have been cleaned

20. Fergie_______ the project in one hour.

A. have finished

B. will finish

C. finishes

D. has finished

21. The man ________ his coat and went out.

A. put on

B. had put on

C. will put on

D. was putting on

22 My mother______ in that factory at the age of 18.

A. had worked

B. has worked

C. worked

D. works

23. Dad ________ while he _______ TV.

A .fell asleep?watchB. was falling asleep?watched

C. fell asleep??was watching

D. had fallen

asleep ?watched

2.用的适当形式填空

1.We _____________ (paint) the house before we

______________ (move) in.

2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).

3.They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).

4.The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen _______ (arrive).

5.I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I

____________ (go) to bed.

6.Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.

7.Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.

8.Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.

9. Whenthe chairman______________ (finish)speaking,he _____________ (leave)the hall.

10.The Reads ________ (have) lunch when I

________________(get) to their house.

11.When I ______________(arrive) at the station, he

____________________(leave).

12..We _______________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.

13.I waited until he _______________(finish) his

homework.

14.We were surprised at what she ________already

______(do)

15.She ____________(not go) to Qingdao because she

________________ (go) there before.

16.He ______________(not tell) you the news yet.

17.He said he _____________already_________(give) the

book to the teacher.

18.I ______________(be) to Shanghai before.

19.She told me she _________________(be) to Sanya three times.

20.She _____________(play) the guitar while her sister_______________(sing).

英语过去完成时练习全集及解析

英语过去完成时练习全集及解析 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. had been on 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：她说当她到达电影院的时候，电影已经开始五分钟了。根据got 可知，电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态，应该用过去完成时，所以排 除A和C。开始begin，电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态，要用延续性的动词，所以要 将瞬间动词begin改为be on，故选D。 【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。 2．Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert. A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：西蒙举行第一次音乐会时，他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间 状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态，表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年，然 后开了音乐会，表示过去的过去，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词，故答案为C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义（过去的过去）和构成：had+动词的过去分词。 3．By the time I finished my homework，my mother ． A. slept B. has been asleep C. was asleep D. had been asleep 【答案】 D 可知此处应为过去完成时，故选 D. 和“ finished” 【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ” 【点评】考查过去完成时。 4．By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：到2012年底，我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。Buildings是build这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。

过去完成时用法详解

过去完成时用法小结 一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。 The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。如： He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。 He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如： Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。 4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when...（刚…就…）, no sooner...than... （刚…就…）, It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。

过去完成时用法详解

过去完成时用法小结一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had fini shed my homework before suppe我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。 The play had already started whe n we got to the theat 我们至U剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients 六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续至过去某个时间或还要 持续下去，常与for, si nee等词连用。如： He had served in the army for ten yeabefore he retired last year.他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。 He told me that he had known hes in eehe was a child.他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight yearbsefore he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如： Tom flew home, but his father had already died汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。

过去完成时讲解练习

过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。 它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 基本结构：主语+had+过去分词(done) ①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他. ②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词+其他. ③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had. 否定回答：No,主语+had not . ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词+其他） 基本用法 。 （1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。

（2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since 构成的时间状语连用。 例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。 （3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 例如：Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. ~ 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。 （4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.

高中语法过去完成时详解讲解学习

过去完成时 （1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句(在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句)来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 例；By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨天晚上9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。 （2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since 构成的时间状语连用。 例；I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.我在车站已经等了20分钟,一辆公共汽车终于来了。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他说他自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。 （3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补充以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 例；Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天就去世了。他以前是我的好朋友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。 （4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 例；I returned the book that I had borrowed.我已归还了我借的书。 She found the key that she had lost.她发现她失去了的钥匙。 （5）过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 例；He said that he had known her well.他说他早就很了解她了。 I thought I had sent the letter a week before.我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。（6）状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，“发生在过去的过去”，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引导的 e.g：When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.我醒来时雨已停了。 She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work.她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。 注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after 的复合句中，因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 e.g：After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。 （7）动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。 e.g：They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。 We had hoped to be able to come and see you . 我们本来希望能来看看你。 （8）过去完成时还可用在hardly when no sooner than It was the first

过去完成时讲解

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过去完成时用法详解 TYYGROUP system office room 【TYYUA16H-TYY-TYYYUA8Q8-

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中考考点_过去完成时知识点汇总(全)

中考考点_过去完成时知识点汇总(全) 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．—How long you TV by the time I called you? —For about two hours A. had; watched B. have; watched C. did; watch D. were; watching 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】由句中的by the time可判断．这里用过去完成时，故选A。句意是：—到我打电话给你为止，你已经看了多长时间的电视了？—大约两个小时。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。 2．We are too tired. Please stop __________ a rest. A. to have B. having C. have D. has 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我们是在太累了，停下来休息一下吧。stop to have a rest.固定搭配故选A 【点评】注意时态一致， 3．Jake _____his key in the office so he had to wait until his wife _______ home. A. has forgotten … comes B. forgot… come C. had left… came D. had left…would come 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：杰克把他的钥匙丢在办公室了，因此他不得不等到他的妻子回家。结合语境可知前文描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。下文指的是过去某时的动作，故用一般过去时态。选C。 【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。 4．By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy. A. raised B. would raise C. had raised D. has raised 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：在上个月末，珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。根

初中过去完成时讲解

过去完成时用法讲解 一、概念:表示过去的过去,其构成是had +过去分词。 二、用法: 1. 表示某一动作在过去某一时刻之前已完成。例如: He had gone to bed by 10:00 last night. (昨夜十点钟之前他已上床去睡了。) 2. 与一般过去时搭配,表达某一动作在过去的动作发生时已完成。例如: The train had started when I got to the station. (当我到达车站时火 车已开走了。) The minute I saw a lady getting off the bus, I knew it was she, for I had seen her before. (我一看到正在下公共汽车的那位女士就知道是她,因为我以前看见过她。) 解说:使用过去完成时在简单句里表达某一动作在过去的某一时刻已完成时, 该过去的时刻常以“by +过去时间”的短语来表达。例如下面的说法是不正确的: He had gone to bed at 10:00 last night. 若是要说“at 10:00 last night”就必须用一般过去时“He went to bed...”。请再观察下面的句子试比较: It had rained yesterday. (误) It rained yesterday.(正)

或许你会说:“昨天下了雨,可是今天已放晴了,下雨已是过去的事,而且已经下完了,所以就用过去完成时……。”这就是最令同学们对一般过去时和过去完成时感到混淆和困惑的。实际上只要我们了解下面的两点原则就可以消除这种现象。 1. 由过去的时间作状语来修饰动词的句子都使用一般过去时。 2. 除非从谈话的先后关系和上下文关系对过去的动作完成的基准点可以确定以外,应该避免在简单句中使用过去完成时。 三、过去完成时常用的连词有:before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as等。例如: He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 四、在什么情况下使用过去完成时? 1. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词引导的宾语从句中,一般用过去完成时。例如: She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 2. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。例如: When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.

讲义-过去完成时用法讲解

过去完成时用法讲解 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past）”。 ----|--------------------|---------------------|------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成，其中had通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by10：00this morning. 1）过去完成时态的构成： 肯定式：had+动词的过去分词 否定式：hadn't+动词的过去分词 疑问式：Had…+动词的过去分词 简略回答:Yes,主+have/has had. No,主+had现在完成时的用法 过去完成时的用法： 1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。他表示的时间是"过去的过 去"常与by last year,by the time of yesterday,等连用。 如：She said she had seen the film4times. When Mr Li got to the classroom,all the students had begun reading. By the time they arrived,the bus had left 2、表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for(后跟段时间)或since(后跟点时间)等连用.如: