中美货物贸易结构之比较分析-毕业论文

中美货物贸易结构之比较分析

摘要

贸易结构是一个国家对外贸易发展整体水平的体现，在一定程度上能够反应国家经济实力及国内生产水平。我国是一个传统贸易大国，现在正由贸易大国向贸易强国迈进，然而实现贸易强国的目标依赖于对外经济结构的转变。美国是我国最大的贸易伙伴国，我国和美国商品贸易结构可以反映出我国贸易结构在国际分工中所处的地位及在国际上的竞争力。

本文大体上分为五个部分：第一部分绪论，包括两部分内容即：选题背景与意义及国内外相关文献综述、第二部分为美国对外货物贸易结构分析，包括三部分内容：进口货物贸易结构现状及特点、出口货物贸易结构现状及特点、美国对外贸易现状及特点、第三部分为：中国对外货物贸易结构分析，主要包括两个部分进口货物贸易结构现状及特点、出口货物贸易结构现状及特点、第四部分为中美对外货物贸易优势及竞争力分析，包括三部分内容：中美双边贸易发展情况、中国从美国进口商品结构的变化与特点、中国向美国出口商品结构的变化与特点。第五部分为结论与建议,主要包括结论、建议及研究的局限性与不足。

关键词：“中美货物贸易结构”“竞争力分析”“发展建议”

Comparative analysis of the structure of Sino-US

trade in goods

Abstract

The trade structure is a manifestation of the overall level of the National Foreign Trade Development, to some extent, can reflect the country's economic strength and the level of domestic production. Ours is a traditional trading power, and now being used by the big trading powers forward, to achieve the goal of trade power, however, depends on the changes in the structure of foreign economic. The United States is China's largest trading partners, China and the United States merchandise trade structure reflects the structure of China's trade in the international division of labor in which the position and competitiveness in the international arena.

This article broadly divided into five parts: the first part of the introduction, consists of two parts: research background and significance and related literature review, the second part of the structure of U.S. foreign trade in goods, including three parts: trade in goods imports structure status and characteristics, status and characteristics of the structure of export trade in goods, the United States foreign trade status and characteristics of the third part: the structure of China's foreign trade in goods, including the status and characteristics of some of the imported goods trade structure, trade structure of export goods, and features, the fourth part is divided into strengths and competitiveness of China and the United States foreign trade in goods, including three parts: the Sino-US trade development, from changes in the structure and characteristics of U.S. imports, changes in the structure of Chinese exports to the U.S. with features. The fifth part of the conclusions and recommendations, including the conclusions, recommendations and limitations of the study and shortcomings.

Keywords: “Analysis of the structure” “the goods trade competitiveness” “ development suggestion”

目录

摘要 (1)

目录 (3)

第1章绪论 (5)

1.1选题背景与意义 (5)

1.2国内外相关现状 (5)

1.2.1国外现状 (5)

1.2.2国内现状 (5)

1.3研究内容 (6)

1.4研究方法 (6)

第2章美国对外货物贸易结构分析 (7)

2.1进口货物贸易结构现状及特点 (8)

2.1.1进口货物持续增长 (8)

2.1.2工业制成品增长幅度较大 (8)

2.2出口货物贸易结构现状及特点 (9)

2.2.1出口货物持续增长 (9)

2.2.2工业制成品所占比重较大 (10)

第3章我国对外货物贸易结构分析 (11)

3.1中国出口贸易结构特点及变化 (11)

3.1.1工业制成品拉动出口增长 (11)

3.1.2资本技术密集型过度 (12)

3.1.3进料、来料加工成为主要贸易方式 (12)

3.2中国进口贸易结构特点及变化 (12)

3.2.1能源、原料进口比重加大 (13)

3.2.2中间品为主结构尚未改变 (13)

第4章中美对外货物贸易优势及竞争力分析 (14)

4.1中美双边贸易发展情况 (14)

4.2中美国贸易竞争力优势分析 (15)

4.3中美两国贸易结构结论 (17)

4.3.1中美两国对外贸易商品结构日趋合理化 (17)

4.3.2中美贸易逆差扩大 (17)

第5章结论与建议 (19)

5.1制定相关政策 (19)

5.2调整产业结构 (19)

5.2.1加快调整出口退税政策 (19)

5.2.2调整出口关税征收范围和幅度 (20)

5.2.3缩减贸加工贸易 (20)

5.3优化配置，改善结构 (20)

5.4研究局限与不足 (21)

参考文献 (22)