综合英语教程第二册第二版第一课教案

Unit 1 “We’ve Been Hit”

Section One Pre-reading Activities

I. Audiovisual supplement

Watch the video and answer the following questions.

1. What’s the building that was hit?

2. What was the event? When did it happen?

（插入视频）

Script:

News: We have unconfirmed reports this morning that a plane has crashed into one of the towers of the World Trade Center. CNN Center right now ...

Officer A: Holy shit!

News: ... work on this story, calling our sources and trying to figure out exactly what happened, but, clea rly, something relatively devastating happening this morning there. We’re going to join another one of our New Y ork affiliates for their live coverage. Here at the top of this tower, there’s a huge, gaping hole, flames still inside.

Officer B: Can you believe this? What schmuck笨人 would fly a plane into the Trade Center? Officer C: Maybe they ran out of gas or something.

Officer B: Y eah, Colovito. Right.

Officer D: Maybe some jerk-off forgot which lever to pull on his twin-engine.

Officer E: That’s not a sma ll plane.

Officer B: Hell, no.

Police Chief: All right, listen up! Let me have your attention here! They’re telling us it’s a commuter plane. Tower One is being evacuated as a precaution. They’ve asked us to send a team down to assist. Sergeant McLoughlin.

Team Leader: I’ve got a list of names here. Step out when you hear it. We’re going downtown. (Roll-calling)

Answers to the Questions:

1. The building is the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New Y ork City.

2. It was one of the 9/11 attacks. It happened on September 11, 2001.

II. Cultural information

1. President Bush’s address to the nation（添加录音gwb9-11address）

Good evening. Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts. The victims were in airplanes or in their offices: secretaries, business men and women, military and federal workers, moms and dads, friends and neighbors. Thousands of lives were suddenly ended by evil, despicable卑劣的 acts of terror. The pictures of airplanes flying into buildings, fires burning, huge structures collapsing have filled us with disbelief, terrible sadness and a quiet, unyielding anger. These acts of mass murder were intended to frighten our nation into chaos and retreat. But they have failed. Our country is strong.

A great people has been moved to defend a great nation. Terrorist attacks can shake the

foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent削弱 the steel of American resolve. America was targeted for attack because we’re the brightest beacon灯塔 for freedom and opportunity in the world. And no one will keep that light from shining. Today, our nation saw evil —the very worst of human nature — and we responded with the best of America. With the daring of our rescue workers, with the caring for strangers and neighbors who came to give blood and help in any way they could. Immediately following the first attack, I implemented our government’s emergen cy response plans. Our military is powerful, and it’s prepared. Our emergency teams are working in New Y ork City and Washington D.C. to help with local rescue efforts. Our first priority is to get help to those who have been injured, and to take every precaution to protect our citizens at home and around the world from further attacks. The functions of our government continue without interruption. Federal agencies in Washington which had to be evacuated today are reopening for essential personnel tonight and will be open for business tomorrow. Our financial institutions remain strong, and the American economy will be open for business as well.

The search is underway for those who were behind these evil acts. I have directed the full resources of our intelligence and law enforcement communities to find those responsible and to bring them to justice. We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor窝藏 them.

I appreciate so very much the members of Congress who have joined me in strongly condemning 谴责 these attacks. And on behalf of the American people, I thank the many world leaders who have called to offer their condolences哀悼and assistance. America and our friends and allies join with all those who want peace and security in the world, and we stand together to win the war against terrorism.

Tonight, I ask for your prayers for all those who grieve, for the children whose worlds have been shattered, for all whose sense of safety and security has been threatened. And I pray they will be comforted by a Power greater than any of us, spoken through the ages in Psalm 23:

Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil for you are with me. This is a day when all Americans from every walk of life unite in our resolve for justice and peace. America has stood down enemies before, and we will do so this time. None of us will ever forget this day, yet we go forward to defend freedom and all that is good and just in our world.

Thank you. Good night. And God bless America!

2. September 11 attacks

The September 11 attacks (often referred to as September 11th or 9/11) were a series of coordinated suicide attacks by al-Qaeda upon the United States on September 11, 2001. On that morning, 19 al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners. The hijackers intentionally crashed two of the airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New Y ork City, killing everyone on board and many others working in the buildings. Both buildings collapsed within two hours, destroying nearby buildings and damaging others. The hijackers crashed a third airliner into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, just outside Washington, D.C. The fourth plane crashed into a field near Shanksville in rural Pennsylvania after some of its passengers and flight crew attempted to retake control of the plane, which the hijackers had redirected toward Washington, D.C. There were no survivors from any of the flights.

The death toll of the attacks was 2,995, including the 19 hijackers. The overwhelming majority of casualties were civilians, including nationals of over 70 countries. In addition, there is at least one

secondary death — one person was ruled裁决/认定 by a medical examiner to have died from lung disease due to exposure to dust from the World Tra de Center’s collapse.

Section Two Global Reading

I. Main idea

The text describes a particular episode in the disaster that occurred on September 11, 2001 in New Y ork, in praise of the courage and compassion of man. It presents three people in the attack, who demonstrated great valor trying to save those who were in danger and needed help.

II. Structural analysis

2. What is the function of the last part?

It is a most touching scene. It seems to suggest that the author has, from what is described above, reached the conclusion about the ultimate moral dilemma: ―Save yourself, or save another.‖

Section Three Detailed Reading

Text I

Narration clues:

Part One (1): Adam Mayblum worked in his office on the 87th floor of the WTC.

Part Two (2-9): WTC was crashed. Adam Mayblum helped others and ran down himself.

Part Three (10-30): Harry Ramos was the head trader4 at May Davis. He helped others. He and Hongzhu helped Victor, a heavyset man from the 53rd floor to the 36th floor. Harry Ramos stayed to help Victor and died.

Part Four (31-34): May Davis held a gathering. People recalled Harry Ramos’s sacrifice due to helping V ictor.

―We’ve Been Hit!‖

With the building in flames, one man needed help. Another man refused to leave him.

1 Adam Mayblum used to enjoy watching as storms lashed the windows of his office: Y ou think that’s power? Mayblum would scoff. I’m on the 87th floor of the World Trade Center1. That’s power. The drawstrings 拉绳on his window shades 窗帘would appear to sway 摆动slightly, but it was an illusion错觉. Although they were 1,040 feet in the sky, The WTC was quite steady.

Paragraph 1

Questions

1. How much do you know about the World Trade Center?

The World Trade Center was more than its signature twin towers: it was a complex of 7 buildings on 16 acres, constructed and operated by the Port Authority of New Y ork and New Jersey. The towers rose at the heart of the complex, each climbing more than 100 feet higher than the silver mast of the Empire State Building. The World Trade Center was hit by hijacked planes on September 11, 2001.

2. What images are used to emphasize the steadiness of the WTC?

Storms and drawstrings.

Words and Expressions

1. lash vt. hit violently or suddenly

e.g. The farmer lashed the mules with a stick.

The waves lashed the shore.

Collocation:

lash out (at / against sb. / sth.) make a sudden violent attack with blows or words

Synonym:

whip, beat

2. sway vi. move or swing from side to side

e.g. He swayed slightly, as if about to fall.

他身子一歪，像要倒下。

Synonym:

swing, wave

Translation:

1. 那棵苹果树在风中摇曳。

(The apple tree sways in the wind.)

2. She swayed her hands gracefully as she gave lectures.

（她演讲时优雅地摆动着手。）

3. illusion n. sth. that deceives a person by seeming to be real

e.g. The mirrors all round the walls give an illusion of greater space.

I have no illusions about my ability.

我对自己的能力如何颇有自知之明。

Derivation:

illusive a.

illusively ad.

Collocation:

be under the illusion that believe wrongly

e.g. I was under the illusion that he was honest until he was caught stealing some money.

他偷钱当场被人抓住，在此之前我一直误以为他是个老实人。

1. He lashed ____ ____ the opposition’s policies.

2. Stu dents are not allowed to scoff ___ others’ weaknesses.

3. The dancer swayed ___ the music.

4. People were _____ the illusion that the tomb was Caocao’s.

2 When Mayblum felt a devastating rumble 隆隆声on that September morning, he glanced at the drawstrings. They were careening 倾斜/晃动wildly, three feet in either direction.

3 Mayblum would be one of thousands cast into an extraordinary purgatory 被投入特别炼狱的数千人之一that morning. While as many as 25,000 would find their way to safety, 5,000 would not.

4 For some, it was a matter of geography2 （生死问题在于身在何处）— not just which tower they worked in or on which floor, but in which corner of the building.

5 For some, the choices were as basic as which staircase to use抉择的根本是走（利用）哪道楼梯. Others faced the ultimate moral dilemma道义上的终极难题: Save yourself, or save another.

Paragraphs 2-5

Questions

1. Can you paraphrase the sentence ―They were careening wildly, three feet in either direction.‖ in Paragraph 2?(Paragraph 2)

They were swaying up to three feet from side to side, like a ship in a great storm.

2. What is the implication of the parallel sentences in Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5? (Paragraph 5) These sentences are used to emphasize the fact that the people in the building were in great

danger and whether they would survive depended very much on where they happened to be when the building was struck and which staircase they would use to get out.

Words and Expressions

4. devastating a. completely destructive

e.g. It is the most devastating flood in 100 years.

Derivation:

devastate vt.

devastation n.

Synonym:

disastrous, destructive

5. careen To lean to one side, as a ship sailing in the wind.

6. cast into: To throw… into… with force; hurl… into…

7. purgatory n. a place or condition of great suffering

e.g. The devastating earthquake changed people’s home into a purgatory.

Synonym:

torture, plague

Derivation:

purgatorial a.

8. find their way to: to make efforts to get to or realize

9. ultimate: Utmost; extreme

10. dilemma n. a situation in which it is very difficult to decide what to do, because all of the possible courses of action seem equally good or equally bad

e.g. The only way out of this dilemma is to cooperate within the group.

面对这样的两难境地，唯一的出路就是在团队内合作。

Collocation:

in a dilemma

e.g. Mary was in a dilemma whether to marry or continue her study.

Synonym:

quandary, predicament

Sentences

1. Mayblum would be one of thousands cast into an extraordinary purgatory that morning. (Paragraph 3)

Paraphrase: That morning, Mayblum would be one of thousands who were thrown into a terrible disaster.

Translation: 那天早上，有数千人将被卷入一场惊心动魄的灾难，梅布鲁也是其中的一员。

2. For some, it was a matter of geography … (Paragraph 4)

Paraphrase: For some, whether they could surv ive depended on where they were …

6 The confusion 慌乱inside Adam Mayblum’s office at May Davis3, a financial services firm, lasted just seconds. He knew he needed to get out.

7 He ripped 撕his T-shirt into pieces, soaked 浸湿the pieces in water and gave them to colleagues 同事to cover their faces. Among them: Harry Ramos, head trader4 at May Davis. Mayblum had worked with Ramos off and on断断续续地for 14 years.

8 Sparks bit at Mayblum’s ankles 脚踝as he raced for the stairs. He bolted 逃跑down two flights两段楼梯before realizing that his trading partner, Hong Zhu, had been left behind. He went back upstairs, the whole area now filled with smoke and burning jet fuel.

9 There was no sign of Hong. Mayblum hurried down again and made it to the 78th floor, a transfer lobby 转接厅where one set of elevators and stairs ended and another began. He saw a reassuring sight看到令人放心的场景; Ramos had waded into 投入the pandemonium 喧嚣中to help panicked恐慌的 workers into a stairwell楼梯间.

Paragraphs 6-9

Questions

1. Is there any evidence of people’s concern for others? (Paragraph 9)

Y es, Mayblum shared his ripped T-shirt with his colleagues, Mayblum went back to look for his trading partner, and Ramos helped panicked workers into a stairwell.

2. What does ―Ramos had waded into the pandemonium‖ mean? (Paragraph 9)

It means that he ―had walked into the wild chaos with great determination.‖

Words and Expressions

11. confusion n. a very disorganized situation usually with lots of noise, in which a lot of things are happening at the same time, so that it is difficult to understand or control

e.g. The enemy’s unexpected attack threw them into total confusion.

敌人的突然进攻使他们完全不知所措。

Comparison: disorder, chaos

disorder n. a situation in which things or people are not in the correct position, place, or order, so that they are unable to control or organize

e.g. The Civil War came at the end of a long period of social disorder.

chaos n. a situation that is full of disorder and is completely out of control

e.g. The thieves left the house in chaos.

小偷走后房屋中一片凌乱。

Derivation:

confused a.

confuse vt.

12. rip: To cut, tear apart, or tear away roughly or energetically.

13. soak: To make thoroughly wet or saturated by or as if by placing in liquid.

14. colleagues: A fellow member of a profession, a staff, or an academic faculty; an associate.

15. off and on: In an intermittent manner.

16. bolt: To move suddenly.

17. lobby: A hall at or near the entrance to a building or to rooms.

18. wade into: To plunge into or begin resolutely and energetically.

19. pandemonium: Wild uproar or noise.

20. stairwell: A vertical shaft (passage) around which a staircase has been built.

Activity: Write out the noun form and the adjective form of each given word.

v. n. a.

1. confuse _____________(confusion) ____________(confused / confusing)

2. transfer _____________(transfer) ____________(transferable)

3. reassure _____________(reassurance) ___________(reassuring / reassured)

4. panic _____________(panic) ___________ (panicky)

5. devastate _____________(devastation) ___________ (devastating)

Sentences

3. Mayblum had worked with Ramos off and on for 14 years. (Paragraph 7)

Paraphrase: In the past 14 years, Mayblum and Ramos worked together from time to time. Translation: 梅布鲁和拉莫斯断断续续地在一起工作已有14年了。

10 Mayblum continued his descent下来, the muscles in his calves 小腿contracting in spasms. On the 53rd floor, he came across a heavyset man whose legs just wouldn’t move anymore.

Words and Expressions

21. descent n. the act or process of going down

e.g. The wild goose began its descent into the West Lake.

Synonym:

decline, subsidence

Antonym:

ascent

22. calf: The fleshy, muscular back part of the human leg between the knee and ankle.

23. spasm: A sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles.

24. heavyset: Having a stout or compact build.

Sentences

4. On the 53rd floor, he came across a heavyset man whose legs just wouldn’t move anymore. (Paragraph 10)

Explanation: ―Anymore‖ is the variant of ―any more‖; this variant is chiefly used in North America.

Paraphrase: On the 53rd floor, he met a huge man whose legs just wouldn’t move any more. Translation: 在第53层，他偶遇了一个大块头的男子，那人的脚一步也迈不开了。

11 ―Do you want to come, or do you want us to send help?‖ Mayblum shouted.

12 The man asked him to send help. Adam said he would.

13 In the noise, smoke and sparks, Mayblum didn’t realize that his fri end Hong Zhu was behind him in the stairwell the whole time. When Hong got to the 53rd floor, he came across Harry Ramos. Ramos had stopped to help the heavyset man Mayblum had seen earlier. ―I’ll give you a hand,‖ Hong said.

14 Together, Ramos and Hong helped the man down one more flight to an elevator.

15 ―Don’t take it,‖ a Port Authority official港务局官员 screamed.

16 Hong and Ramos tried to send a magazine down in the elevator to test its safety. But when they pressed the ―down‖ button, the doors wouldn’t close. So Hong decided that he would be the guinea pig天竺鼠 instead做试验.5

17 He stepped inside, and the doors shut behind him.

18 Hong took the elevator down to the 44th floor, the next transfer lobby. So far, so good. He pressed ―52,‖ went back up and collected Ramos and the heavyset man.

19 On 44 Hong and Ramos helped the man toward the last bank of elevators最后一套电梯 that would take them all the way down.

20 Hong pressed the ―down‖ button again. Nothing. They would have to take the stairs.

21 Ramos and Hong tried to support the man. ―One step at a time,‖ Hong said.

22 They had been trying to get out for an hour and five minutes. They were on 36 when they felt the South Tower collapse.

Paragraphs 11-22

Questions

1. How do you understand the sentence ―So far, so good‖ in Para.18? (Paragraph 18)

Things are satisfactory up to this point.

2. How did they manage to get down from the 53rd floor to the 36th floor? (Paragraph 22)

They first got down to the 44th floor in the elevator which, fortunately, was still working. Then Ramos and Hong helped the man down to the 36th floor, which took them an hour and five minutes.

Words and Expressions

25. flight: A series of stairs rising from one landing to another.

26. guinea pig: A person who is used as a subject for experimentation or research.

27. bank: A set of elevators.

Activity: Act it out.

Work in groups. Students are supposed to read the following scene and try to act it out. Pay close attention to the verbs in bold type.

After school, some boys descended the slope towards the village, whistling cheerfully. While walking, a boy, Richard found that his shoelace was loose. So he stooped to tie the lace. Suddenly, the boys felt that the earth wasshaking. And the shaking was more and more violent. ―What happened?‖ Richard shouted. He was so afraid that he crouched on the ground. ―It is earth quake! Look!‖ another boy answered. The houses in the village collapsed with a large noise! Disaster had come!

Sentences

5. So Hong decided that he would be the guinea pig instead. (Paragraph 16)

Explanation: If someone is used as a guinea pig in an experiment, something is tested on him that has not been tested on other people before. For example, Dr. Roger used himself as a human guinea pig to perfect a treatment which has since saved the lives of countless people. Here the sentence means that Hong decided to test the safety of the elevator himself.

23 ―We really have to move,‖ Hong said.

24 The rumbles of the collapsing tower next door seemed to sap 打消了the heavyset man of his last gasps of energy最后一丝力气. ―I can’t do it anymore,‖ he said, sitting down.

25 Hong and Ramos tried to persuade him to continue. ―Y ou don’t have to move your legs!‖ Hong shouted. ―Just move your butt屁股. Let’s go!‖ But the man couldn’t go on.

26 A fireman ran up to them. Hong expected that he would join in to get the heavy man to move. Instead, the fireman turned to Hong.

27 ―Who are you, screaming at him to get out?‖ the fireman shouted. ―Y ou get out!‖

28 Hong looked at Ramos, who was still standing with the heavyset man.

29 ―I’m coming down with you,‖ Ramos told the man. ―I’m not going to leave.‖

30 ―I left,‖ Hong says sorrowfully. ―Alone.‖

Paragraphs 23-30

Questions

1. What does ―Who are you, screaming at him to get out‖ in Para. 27 mean? (Paragraph 27)

Who do you think you are? Y ou have no right to shout at him and order him to get out.

2. Why did the fireman shout at Hong? What did he possibly do after Hong left? (Paragraph 30)

Possibly because he wanted to save at least one more person. After Hong left, he probably joined Ramos in helping the heavyset man.

Words and Expressions

28. sap vt. weaken slowly

e.g. They were traveling very slowly, and the heavy load they were carrying sapped their strength.

e.g. The constant tension was sapping my energy.

Synonym:

weaken, exhaust, drain

Collocation:

sap up on sb. beat up sb.

29. gasp: A short convulsive intake or catching of the breath.

30. butt: The buttocks; the rear end.

31 The next day, Adam Mayblum sent an e-mail describing his experience to friends and relatives, who sent it to still others. The e-mail was read by someone in San Francisco who knew a woman in New Y ork named Rebecca. Her husband, V ictor, a heavyset man, was missing.

32 On Saturday, September 15, May Davis’s chairman had a gathering at his New Jersey home. Adam Mayblum was there. So was Hong Zhu. Rebecca was also there, learning how her husband, Victor, had been comforted in his last moments, how Harry Ramos had refused to leave him behind.

33 Ramos’s wife, Micky, was there too. She kept asking Mayblum and Hong where her husband was, convinced that somehow, Harry — the only May Davis employee still missing — was alive.

34 Piece by piece, she developed a picture of his escape: Harry was on 87 when the plane hit. He stopped to help on 78. He met up with Hong on 53. But as hard as she tried, as many questions as she asked, the picture began to fade on the 36th floor.6

Paragraphs 31-34

Questions

1) Where did the heavyset man live? (Paragraph 31)

In New Y ork.

2) What is the significance of the last paragraph? And what is its relation to the subtitle of the text ―With the building in flames, one man needed help. A nother man refused to leave him‖? (Paragraph 34)

The last paragraph is a condensed account of Ramos’s heroic deed. It echoes the subtitle with a very moving picture. Notice the word ―fade,‖ which literally means ―become unclear,‖ suggesting that Harry Ramo s’s wife was unable to accept the truth about her husband’s death.

Activity: Make a dialogue

Y ou are going to watch a film. When you buy some snacks at the supermarket, you meet up with a friend. Y ou try to persuade him to go to see the movie with you. Work in pairs and make a dialogue.

Sentences

6. … the picture began to fade on the 36th floor (Paragraph 34)

Explanation: … Nothing was known about what had happened on the 36th floor.

Translation: 在第36层，逃生的画面变得模糊起来。

Text II

1. Lead-in Questions

What do you think of the skyscrapers shooting up in the city with the urban development?

2. Text II

Rethinking Skyscrapers

Jerkily Watson

Most of the world’s tall buildings, called skyscrapers, are in the United States. However, the recent terrorist attacks have caused some Americans to worry about the safety of these extremely tall buildings.

For almost 30 years, the World Trade Center stood more than 410 meters above New Y ork City’s financial center. The two towers of the Center were the tallest buildings in the city. They had more than 100 levels. Then on the morning of September 11th, two hijacked airplanes struck the buildings.

Many people died immediately in explosions and fires. Others ran down many levels of steps in an effort to escape the buildings. Others waited for help in their offices. Then, one after another, both buildings fell. The collapse of the towers killed thousands of people. It also wrecked or damaged surrounding buildings.

Engineers from the state of Illinois soon will investigate the collapse of the buildings for the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Their early study, however, shows that the buildings held up well. One tower remained standing for about forty-seven minutes after the plane hit it. The other tower stayed up for about one hour and forty minutes after it was struck. The fact that the towers stayed up as long as they did permitted many people to escape.

Several experts have said no building could have resisted the attacks. The terrorists meant to cause the largest explosions and the hottest fires possible. So they hijacked planes heavily loaded with fuel. The heat from the burning fuel weakened the steel structure of the towers. These fires burned far hotter than fires used to test building materials. They also burned longer. The intense heat caused the upper levels of the buildings to fall. Then the lower levels also fell.

Some pieces of building wreckage残骸 caused destruction in the area. Mainly, however, the towers imploded内爆and fell down in their own space. Several engineers praised the World Trade Center for this. Many more people would have died if the buildings had fallen to the side. Officials say the wreckage will take months to clear. After the attacks, broken glass and smoking metal lay 12 meters above the ground. The World Trade Center had contained 200,000 tons of steel. It also had 43,000 windows.

About 50,000 people worked in the World Trade Center. Some estimates say as many as 90,000 people passed through it on some days. The towers represented business and trade in the biggest city in America. Many people throughout the world recognized pictures of the World Trade Center against the skies of New Y ork.

People in New Y ork are discussing ways to remember the World Trade Center and the people who died in the attack. Several artists and building designers suggest a memorial called Towers of Light. The arts group Creative Time proposes forming two towers of light in the shape of the fallen buildings. These lights would reach toward the sky. The artists currently are researching methods that could produce lighting with such power.

Businessman Larry Silverstein currently controls use of the World Trade Center property. Mr.

Silverstein says he will rebuild the Center. However, it is unclear what the new center will be like. Some architects have suggested creating four shorter buildings. These structures would have about 50 levels. A park between the buildings would contain a memorial to victims of the attack.

Other New Y ork citizens called for rebuilding the World Trade Center as it was. For example, former mayor Ed Koch urged replacement复位 of the two skyscrapers. He said this would show the terrorists that New Y ork remained undefeated.

However, some city planners believe such extremely tall structures should not be replaced. Instead, some experts advise copying other New Y ork buildings that are not as tall.

The Urban Land Institute is a research and educational organization for planners and building designers. Some members believe skyscrapers waste space. These experts say some buildings use their lower levels mainly to get people to the upper levels.

Some experts also believe the office needs of businesses are changing. Most large companies now have their headquarters in skyscrapers. This permits their employees to work together in one place. However, employees today can communicate easily though electronic mail and other technology. So some planners believe there will be less need for skyscrapers in the future.

The Empire State Building is now the tallest building in New Y ork City. It was built in 1931. It was the tallest building in the world for more than 40 years. It still is one of the most popular. Thousands of millions of visitors have seen New Y ork from observation areas in this building. Some Americans now say they are worried about the Empire State Building. However, a wealthy New Y ork property owner has offered as much as 57 million dollars to buy it. He says he believes fear of skyscrapers will be temporary.

Many of American skyscrapers have increased safety measures since the terrorist attacks. Owners have placed barriers around the buildings at street level. Security devices and guards examine people who enter the buildings. Building occupants are receiving information about what to do in an emergency.

Skyscrapers were invented in the United States. As early as the 1880s, two new technical developments made these taller buildings possible. One development was the mechanical elevator. It meant that people would not have to climb many steps to reach the upper floors of tall buildings. The development of steel also helped make taller buildings possible.

The first skyscraper was built in Chicago, Illinois in 1885. The Home Insurance Building was almost 55 meters tall.

Chicago became home to the world’s t allest buildings in 1973 when the Sears Tower was built. It is 442 meters tall. The Sears Tower was the tallest building in the world for 23 years. Then, in 1996, two taller buildings were completed. They are the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. They are about 452 meters tall.

Recently, businessman Donald Trump proposed another very tall building for Chicago. Mr. Trump and the owners of the Chicago Sun-Times newspaper wanted to build a structure 457 meters high along the Chicago River. Mr. Trump and the newspaper owners have been seeking more money for the project. Now, however, it is unclear if they will continue proposing such a big skyscraper. Developers in China want to build the tallest skyscraper ever. They are planning an International Financial Center for Shanghai. The Center is to be more than 487 meters tall.

The building would have several safety measures not included in the World Trade Center buildings. For example, the areas containing steps would be wider than those in the World Trade Center. Areas called refuge floors would be placed every ten to twelve levels. These open-air

places are designed to protect people from smoke. They are legally required in China and some other Asian countries.

Experts say there is almost no engineering li mit to the height a skyscraper can be. Still, people’s feelings may limit the size of skyscrapers in the future.

For example, a New Y ork City stock trader works in an office high in a skyscraper. He says he once liked to look out his office window and see the other tall buildings of the city. But his feelings have changed since the terrorist attacks.

Now, he says, he would like to work much closer to the ground.

(1,230 words)

Notes

1. … the buildings held up well. (Paragraph 4) … the buildings stayed in a reasonably good condition after it was struck.

2. …the towers imploded and fell down in their own space. (Paragraph 6) … the towers burst inward instead of outward and fell down in their own space.

3. the Empire State Building (Paragraph 16) The Empire State Building is a 102-storey Art Deco skyscraper in New Y ork City at the intersection of Fifth A venue and West 34th Street. It stood as the world’s tallest building for more than 40 years, from its completion in 1931 until construction of the World Trade Center’s North Tower was completed in 1972. The Empire State Building was named by the American Society of Civil Engineers as one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World.

4. the Sears Tower (Paragraph 21) Standing at 1,450 feet and 110 storeys high, Sears Tower is the tallest building in North America. Offering more than 3.8 million square feet of office and retail space, Sears Tower is the business location in Chicago.

5. Petronas Towers (Paragraph 21) Kuala Lumpur, being the capital of Malaysia, is full of high-rise buildings and skyscrapers. Petronas Towers, the tallest in the world with the height of 1,438 ft, are located there.

6. Donald Trump (Paragraph 22) He was born in 1946 and is a billionaire real estate developer that has massed a fortune through owning key New Y ork properties (e.g. Trump Towers) and Atlantic City casinos. Donald Trump took over his father’s New Y ork real estate business and by the 1970s had fashioned himself a deal-maker in Manhattan.

7. an International Financial Centre for Shanghai (Paragraph 23) It refers to the skyscraper officially known as the Shanghai World Financial Centre, abbreviated as SWFC. It is a 101-storey supertall skyscraper with multiple functions, located in the Lujiazui Financ ial District, Shanghai, China. Its foundation stone was laid on August 27, 1997. Because of fund shortage caused by the Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s, its construction was delayed, and was not completed until September 14, 2007, on which day the skyscraper was topped out at 492 meters. It is currently the world’s third tallest completed building by roof. On August 28, 2008, the SWFC officially opened for business. On August 30 the Observation Deck opened with a view from 3 levels. The highest view is at 474 meters above sea level.

Questions for discussion

1. What was special about the World Trade Center in New Y ork?

1. The World Trade Centre, a symbol of New Y ork, was the tallest building in the city with more

than 100 levels. Its sturdy structure was shown by the fact that it remained standing for a fairly long time after it was hit in the September 11 attacks. Besides, when it did fall down, it collapsed within its own space.

2. What makes Americans feel uneasy about extremely tall buildings?

2. The September 11 attacks make them worry about the safety of extremely tall buildings.

3. What do some experts think of skyscrapers now? What’s your idea about skyscrapers?

3. Some think skyscrapers are only a waste of space; others do not think skyscrapers are a must any more, as modern technology enables employees to communicate easily without having to work in their headquarters in skyscrapers.

4. How many ways of restoring the World Trade Centre are mentioned in the passage? Which of them do you think is the best one? Why?

4. Four ways of restoring the World Trade Center are mentioned in the text: 1. putting up a memorial called Towers of Light; 2. rebuilding the Centre, but it’s unclear what the new one will be like; 3. creating four shorter buildings of about 50 levels with a memorial to victims of the attack in a park between these buildings; 4. rebuilding the World Trade Center as it was. On the other hand, however, some city planners believe that such tall structures should not be replaced at all. Instead, some experts advise copying other New Y ork buildings that are not as tall. Personally I think the last alternative, i.e. not replacing such skyscrapers at all, is the best choice, not only because it seems to be safer, but also because we are closer to our Mother Earth when we live and work in lower buildings.

II. Memorable Quotes

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1. But whether on the scaffold high

Or in the battle’s van,

The fittest place where man can die

Is where he dies for man!

— Michael J. Barry

（为Michael J. Barry 加注：）

Michael Joseph Barry (1817 –1889) was an Irish poet, author, and political figure. Paraphrase: The most suitable way for man to die is to die for the mankind no matter he is sentenced to death on the scaffold or dies in the battlefield.

2. O suffering, sad humanity!

O ye afflicted ones, who lie

Steeped to the lips in misery,

Longing, yet afraid to die,

Patient, thou sorely tried!

— Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

（插入Henry Wadsworth Longfellow图片并加注）

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《综合英语4》课程教学大纲

《综合英语4》教学大纲 一、课程基本信息 课程代码： 课程名称：综合英语4 课程英文名称：Comprehensive English4 开课部门：外国语学院 课程面向专业：英语 课程类型：学科基础课 学分：6学分 总学时：96学时 二、课程简介 本课程主要通过语言基础训练与篇章讲解分析，使学生逐步提高语篇阅读理解能力，了解英语各种文体的表达方式和特点，扩大词汇量和熟悉英语常用句型，具备基本的口头与笔头表达能力。 三、教学目的、要求与方法 （一）教学目的 本课程以课文为中心，侧重阅读和写作技能训练，但也不偏废听、说训练。在该课程的教学过程中对语言的控制逐步减少，而对学生创造力的发挥不断加强。本课程通过语言基础训练、相关文化背景知识介绍、语篇讲解以及各种文体的写作方法与技巧分析，使学生逐步提高语篇阅读理解能力，了解英语各种文体的表达和特点，扩大词汇量，具备基本的口头与笔头表达能力。 （二）教学要求 学生通过积极参与各种语言交际活动，获得基本的交际技能，了解基础阶段所需掌握的基本词汇、短语、修辞以及语法知识，达到本阶段应有的听、说、读、写、译等技能的要求。 四、学时分配

五、教学环节与教学要求 本课程在讲授过程中采用启发式、讨论式、发现式和研究式的教学方法，同时加强基础训练。 六、课程考核 1、平时成绩（包括课堂表现、课外作业）占 20% 2、期末考试占 80% 七、教材及主要参考资料 （一）建议教材 何兆熊主编，《综合教程》学生用书（4），上海：上海外语教育出版社（选用最新版本）。（二）主要参考资料 何兆熊主编，《综合教程》教师用书（4），上海：上海外语教育出版社，（选用最新版本）。 朗文出版公司编，《朗文当代英语辞典》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1997。 霍恩比著，《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第四版增补本，北京：商务印书馆，2002。

新编实用英语综合教程(第四版)Unit2教案详解

江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（2）

江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（3） 主任审阅____________________ 授课教师____________________ 年月日年月日

江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（4） 授课内容 Unit 2 Section I Talking Face to Face The topic of talking face to face area in this unit is to express thanks and give responses while exchanging gift-card and congratulation card. The focus is on the patterns that are appropriate for giving information concerning the various reasons and hoping to get the forgiveness from the other person. 1. The students read the mini-talks after the teacher, and then try to recite them within five minutes in pairs. 2. Ask the students to underline the useful expressions and perform the mini-talks in class. 3. The students discuss in groups, summarizing the words, phrases and sentences frequently used according to the following topics with the help of the teacher. The students speak out the sentences under the guidance of the teacher, paying attention to the pronunciation and the intonation. 1) sentences frequently used for expressing thanks: It was so generous of you to send me such a fine and beautiful gift. I don’t know how to express my thanks to you. I’m grateful for all the help and encouragement you’ve given me. 2) Sentences frequently used for expressing congratulations: Congratulations on your recent promotion! Please accept my heartiest congratulations.

综合英语教程第三版

unit1响尾蛇伤 我们在西波顿种植西瓜和香瓜供应市场。我家有一块瓜地和花圃在紧靠甘蔗地的谷仓背后。一天，我从工具棚里拿了把镰刀想去砍个西瓜自己吃。他们是不许我拿这把刀的，因为它的刀刃比我的胳膊还长。但它是切西瓜的最好工具。一刀下去，西瓜就一分为二了。 我正沿着瓜地边走边拍打着想找一个熟瓜，突然感觉脚好像被针一样的东西扎了一下。我为是踩在一堆蒺藜草上了。 转眼一看，却发现是一条响尾蛇。我知道响尾蛇在袭击之前都要发出响声以示警告的，而我对那响声的熟悉程度决不亚于我熟悉鹌鹑。后来我才明白它是没有时间警告，我肯定是一脚踩在它的嘴巴上了。我边往家飞奔，边大声喊叫，满脑子想的都是自己肯定要死了。妈妈赶快解下围裙用上面的带子绑在我的膝盖上部。她扶我到前屋的沙发上躺下，让玛莎照看我。当时在场的既没有一个男人也没有一匹马。最近的住宅是豪威尔先生家，但他家没有马。再远点的是吉姆·安德森家，穿过田地抄近路也有半英里的距离。妈妈冲向安德森家。安德森的一个儿子跳上马就直奔城里，在安德森家打工的克拉克的儿子用车把妈妈送回家。回到家，妈妈发现围裙带已被玛莎解开了，因为我直叫系得太紧。妈妈给我重新绑上，她用力很猛以致于我失声叫了起来。 然后，妈妈又到门廊朝那条通往城里的路张望。这条路位于安德森和豪威尔两家领地中间，一直延伸到小山顶端，因此从这里你可以看见所有路过的人或物。我总是远远就能辨认出我们的马车和汤姆，尤其是爸爸赶车的时候。这时，如果得到允许，汤姆就会因为急于吃到马槽里的东西而撒腿跑起来，爸爸也总是允许它这么做的。 赫伯·安德森的意见是首先找爸爸，如果他不在就找麦肯斯医生，再不成就找菲尔德或别的医生。 妈妈一边盯着看谁的马先出现，一边不时地进屋安慰我。 终于，妈妈说道：“你爸爸来了。” Read more 误解 这是个古老的故事，的确是要说到1864年的事。那时，英国军队驻扎在牙买加的一个团养了只官兵都喜爱的大猴子。那是只善于思考、极有主见的猴子，他的行为习惯和举止总是令军官们开心不已。他的居所对着军官食堂的窗户，尽管身上系着很长但不重的链子，他照样自得其乐，淘气逗人。比如有一天，他觉得一位年轻军官羞侮了他，便立即把食堂窗户敲得惊天动地。军官们只好把他的居所移到一个不太招眼的地方，但他依旧自娱自乐。任何活生生的东西，只要胆敢闯入他链长所及的范围内，就免不了被折腾得手忙脚乱一阵子。而那些倒霉的鸡鸭，却经常误入他的领地。那就会被他一下子抓住，有时竟被他扼杀，不过更多的时候，他都是恶作剧地对这些痛苦的阶下囚实施全身或半身拔毛手术，然后再放开。 然而，有一只鸡却让他突然强烈地喜欢上了。他是逮住了它，但他即不拔毛也不扼杀，反倒是百般怜惜、抚爱有加。这种毫无顾忌的举动使那只不幸的鸡恐怕是宁受拔毛之刑吧。猴子拧它，揉它，抚摸它，搂抱它，把它举得高高地，令它展翅起舞，又把它放开一会儿，可当它试图逃脱时又顽皮地将它两腿一抓。可那只鸡怎么地都不领情，反倒是完全误解了猴情猴意。但猴子却始终不渝，牢牢地紧握着这个心肝宝贝不放松。他满以为忠贞不渝的柔情蜜意即能赢得芳心归，没想到讨好卖乖了一番却不成功，因而更加大献殷勤：不一样地抚摸，更挚着地摩挲，更卖力地搓揉，还逗得它更欢快地舞蹈。可万分钟情也未能赢得回眸一顾。终于，在猴子极其亲昵的拥抱中，鸡给整死了，至死也未能理解猴的一片赤诚。 猴子处于极度悲伤之中。可想而知，他好不容易发现心爱之鸡，而这心爱之鸡未能回报丝毫之柔情，竟弃他而去！可悲复可怜！他开始着手祭奠的仪式，每一动作都表现出他沉痛

综合英语第五册_何兆熊_Unit1~4完整答案

Unit 1 Text Comprehension I. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose. A II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true of false. T F F F F T T F IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text. 1. If she paid no attention to an unpleasant thing, perhaps it would not make her feel depressed. 2. From June to the end of July school closed for the summer vacation. 3. Literally, the author looked up at the monuments with her eyes half-closed because of the dazzling sunshine. Figuratively, the author meant that freedom, equality and democracy were simply distorted images, she could not “see” them clearly. 4. Mother was bright black. Father was brown black. We three girls represent different shades of black between bright black and brown black. 5. Inside the soda fountain, it was so dim and cool that the pain of my eyes was wonderfully eased. 6. No one answered my righteous and stern questions, they remained silent as if they had committed something wrong. 7. My anger was not going to be sympathized or noticed by my family members, because they themselves were similarly angry. Language work I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words. 1. on the edge of the summer: at the beginning of the summer 2. preparations were found in the air around the house: the atmosphere of excitement could be felt but it was not talked about. 3. a mobile feast: a large and enjoyable meal on the train 4. as if we had never been black before: as if we had never been mistreated before 5. they had contributed to it: they had partially caused it 6. My fury was not to be acknowledged by a like fury: my anger was not going to be noticed by my family members because they were similarly angry. II. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in their appropriate forms. ?bruise bruised scarred scar ?soaking Dampen soaked dampen ?admit acknowledged acknowledge admitted ?agony anguish anguish agony III. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase from the box, using its appropriate form.

Unit 1 The Snake Bite 综合英语教程教案

Unit 1 The Snake Bite Teaching Procedures: Warming up (for reference): Ask some students how they show their distress and annoyance in life. Have the students demonstrate their writings on the board. Introduce other possible ways to show annoyance or distress such as: (1) It is annoying to do... (2) I am not pleased at all with... (3) John was very upset when his father cancelled the family trip to the beach. (4) Y ou wouldn’t believe it... (5) What a shame! (6)It sickened me to see how... (7)It really get on one’s nerves...

(8)It really get under one’s skin.. Annoy v.tr.（及物动词） To cause slight irritation to (another) by troublesome, often repeated acts. 使生气，使烦恼：用烦人的，通常是重复性的行为使（别人）生气 To harass or disturb by repeated attacks.打搅，干扰，扰乱：用屡次的攻击使人厌烦或打扰v.intr.（不及物动词） To be annoying.招人讨厌，惹人烦恼 He looked annoyed.他好象不耐烦的样子。 We can annoy the enemy by raids.我们可以用空袭骚扰敌人。 Part 1 Comminicative activities 1.Interative listening and speaking A Students are asked to close their books and listen to the tape recorder without reading the new dialogue. B During the listening, students are asked to take some notes about some information of the dialogue. C After listening, Teacher will read the listening exercise on Page2 and students do the exercise with the help of the notes, which they have just taken down, and the memory of the listening. D Students talk about their feelings It sickened me to see how... It really get on one’s nerves... It really get under one’s skin.. E T ry to Speak More: Firstly, students will be asked to read the conversation by role-playing. Secondly, Teacher will explain some unfamiliar words or phrases in the conversation. Such as: sicken, bald and three chickens to one single cage. Thirdly, students will be asked to point out some expressions that express feelings of distress or annoyance in the conversation. Forthly, Teacher asks several students to read the expressions that they have already checked out. 2.Story time.Ask the students to work out a short story in pairs on the picture. 3.What are they for?& 4.More sentences Teacher will play the tape recorder to let students listen to more ways of expressing distress and annoyance. * After listening, students will be given a little time to match these expressions with the functions. * Teacher will read the Actual Words Spoken out one by one while students will read the responding functions. * Teacher will explain the meanings of some unfamiliar words such as: bugging, pestering and bragging. Bug: annoy; Pester: to annoy someone by repeatedly asking questions or making requests, especially when they are paying attention to something else. Brag: v.tr.（及物动词） To assert boastfully.夸耀地宣称 n.（名词） A boast.自夸