【最新2018】考研复试之英语笔试题型全解析-优秀word范文 (4页)

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考研复试之英语笔试题型全解析

一、听力

听力题对我们所有上过大学参加过四、六级考试的考生来说都不陌生，甚至许多考生都曾在听力上栽过跟头。由于考研英语初试没有听力题型，平时缺乏练习，导致许多考生在复试考场上有些懵。而考研复试英语中往往会加入听力部分，为初试英语做一个补充考查，下面做一个详细的解析。

其实，复试英语听力的难度大约相当于六级考试程度，类型也与其非常相似。

在备考的过程中，保持信心是非常重要的，紧张的心态对听力考试百害而无一利的影响是十分明显的。循序渐进可以帮助考生迅速进入状态，这里并不是说要从最简单的的部分开始，而是从自己能听懂的部分开始，然后逐渐加深难度。有些考生在复习的过程中总是认为自己所复习的内容越难越好，其实不然。超出自己水平的练习不仅提高不了听力，而且会使自己丧失对英语学习的信心和兴趣，因此从自己能听懂的部分开始做起是最明智的选择。另外，英音和美音都是常见的听力测试口音，所以在备考时，一方面要有一定数量的精听，以保证对听力词汇和口语语法的精确把握，能够理解口语中出现的习惯用语和意义复杂的句子，另一方面也要有大量的泛听，以保证听力范围的扩大和听力背景知识的积累。对于英音和美音要同时进行，若时间允许，也可以进行一些英音和美音的辨音训练。

听力练习听起来好像只关耳朵的事，其实和我们的嘴巴也是有关联的。也就是说，除了听以外，还要朗读，多听和多读是不可分割的。通过自己读朗，一方面可以刺激大脑对语音的辨析能力，另一方面可以训练耳朵的敏感度。有些考生存在的问题是能听懂但是反应不上来，这就存在听与读的隔阂。只有将二者紧密结合起来才能提高做题的准确率。

在有了一定的基础之后，考生可以有选择地做一些技巧训练。例如，要掌握一些专业英语词汇的特定含义，如文学英语、商务英语、科技英语和社会生活英语中的一些专用词汇，这些词汇有着不同的含义。如在文学英语中“His poems are simple but remarkably rich.”这句话中的simple和rich却不是平常我们所接受的意思，而是“简约凝练”和“丰富”的意思。另一个技巧就是要注意材料中的转折词，如but、how ever、thus等等。这些词可以帮助我们更迅速和更准确地掌握材料中的内容。

二、翻译

翻译讲求“信、达、雅”原则，但是在通考英语中，绝大多数考生很难做

到这样的高标准。所以，更通俗一点的标准是准确和符合目的语的表达方式，

也就是够地道。按照这样的标准，翻译的做题思路大致遵循一下几个步骤。

通读理解全文。把要翻译的题目是一个整体，先通读全文，了解大致内容，准确把握作者作者想要表达的思想。在此基础上，还需要认真分析画线部分与

上下文之间的联系。

拆分句子。找出主句和从句中的意群，切分成几个意群。同时要注意句子

是否有省略的地方，以及各个意群的语法逻辑功能。

直译意群。直译，即是看到什么意群就直接翻译，尽量选脑子里第一时间

反应出的汉语词汇和短语。直译时要注意规避同意陷阱，避免低级错误，重点

注意一词多义和易产生歧义的意群。

整理成文。这要求考生将直译过来的汉语意群再加工，选用的词汇要准确，句子结构要符合我们的表达习惯。在准确理解画线部分英语句子的含义后，如

何用通顺的汉语将其表达出来是关键。表达是理解的结果，是把已经理解了的

原作内容选择适当的译文重新表达出来。由于两种语言存在着语言，语法以及

表达方式上的差异，所以在翻译的时候必须做相应的调整和改变，使目的语读

者阅读译文时感到自然流畅。

三、完形填空

完型填空是考查考生从已知信息中寻找定位出所有与未知填空相关联的信

息线索，通过综合分析这些线索推测未知填空的答案的能力。这一题型还是有

一些具有普遍性的寻找定位相关已知线索的方法和规律的，掌握规律多加练习，攻克这一题型并不难。

1.排除法

完型文章一般都有非常明确的中心主线，且通常出现在文章第一句，这也

是为什么完型第一句一般不会挖空出题。正确的选项一定是紧扣文章的主题和

中心主线的。因此，一些看上去明显和文章主题和中心主线毫无关系的选项基

本上可以排除在正确答案之外。

2.同现

完型文章由于常常有明确的中心主线，所以作者往往会使用一些重点词汇

围绕着中心主线贯穿全文。同现实际上就是一组具有相同倾向性的词语，这些

词语所表现的倾向性往往与中心主线中的导向一致，或者说这些同现词语的任

务就是对文章的导向进行展开支持。因此，文章的整体导向这个已知线索可以

成为解出这些同现词语的关键信息。

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