华慧2014年3月中科院考博英语真题阅读理解Section A 第三篇阅读文章

2014年3月中科院考博英语真题

阅读理解第三篇阅读文章

华慧考博英语教研中心解读：中科院考博英语阅读理解的短文内

容涉及社会科学（主要包括社会学、教育、人类学、心理学、经济、管

理、金融等领域）、自然科学（主要包括化学、生物、交通、物理、工程、

计算机、医学、农业等领域）和人文科学（主要包括哲学、历史、文学、

语言、新闻、艺术等领域）。考博英语的阅读理解题型中的文章通常选

取外文杂志、外文网站中的文章，然后由各院校的命题组命题，或者

选取四六级、考研、研究生学位英语考试等已考过的文章。

2014年3月份中科院考博英语真题

阅读理解第三篇阅读文章

Passage Three

The staff of Normandy Crossing Elementary School outside

Houston eagerly awaited the results of state achievement tests this spring.

For the principal and assistant principal, high scores could buoy their

careers at a time when success is increasingly measured by such tests. For

fifth-grade math and science teachers, the rewards were more tangible: a

bonus of $2,850.

But when the results came back, some seemed too good to be true.

Indeed, after an investigation by the Galena Park Independent School

District, the principal and three teachers resigned May 24 in a scandal

over test tampering.

The district said the educators had distributed a detailed study

guide after stealing a look at the state science test by "tubing" it -

squeezing a test booklet, without breaking its paper seal, to form an open

tube so that questions inside could be seen and used in the guide. The

district invalidated students' scores.

Of all the forms of academic cheating, none may be as startling as

educators tampering with children's standardized tests. But investigations

in many states this year have pointed to cheating by educators. Experts

say the phenomenon is increasing as the stakes over standardized testing

become higher - including, most recently, taking student progress on tests

into consideration in teachers' performance reviews.

Many school districts alr6ady link teachers' bonuses to student

improvement on state assessments. Houston decided this year to use the

data to identify experienced teachers for dismissal, and New York City

will use it to make tenure decisions on novice teachers.

The federal No Child Left Behind law is a further source of pressure. Like a high jump bar set intentionally low in the beginning, the law---- which mandates that public schools bring all students up to grade level in reading and math by 2014 ---- was easy to satisfy early on. But the bar is notched higher annually, and the penalties for schools that fail to get over it also rise: teachers and administrators can lose jobs and see their school taken over.

No national data is collected on educator cheating. Experts who consult with school systems estimated that l percent to 3 percent of teachers ---- thousands annually - cross the line between accepted ways of boosting scores, like using old tests to prepare students, and actual cheating.

"Educators feel that their schools' reputation, their livelihoods, their psychic meaning in life is at stake," said Robert Schaeffer, public education director for Fair Test.

48. Paragraph l stresses the relationship between students' test results

and______.

A. their teachers' interest

B. their families' prestige

C. their own future success

D. their school's reputation

49. According to the passage, the cheating was that______.

A. the test supervisors provided hints during the test

B. the test designers trained the testees before the test

C. the students exchanged their notes during the test

D. the students were given the answers before the test

50. It is commonly believed that______.

A. educators rarely get involved in academic cheating

B. children's standardized tests have many drawbacks

C. teachers play a key role in their students' cheating

D. school intervention helps reduce academic cheating

51. In Paragraph 4, the boldfaced word "stakes" refer to "______".

A. opportunities

B. responsibilities

C. benefits

D. achievements

52. In some places in the US, students' test assessments______

A. indicate if the students have been effectively taught

B. decide whether the teachers can remain in their jobs

C. help identify who are fit to pursue a teaching career

D. influence how to improve curriculums in the future

53. What kind of role does the author think the government plays as associated with educator cheating?

A. They are adding to it.

B. They are lenient with it.

C. They are overlooking it,

D. They are serious about it.

2014年3月份中科院考博英语真题

阅读理解文章大意及参考答案

【华慧考博独家解析：文章大意】

诺曼底红十字会初级学校的教职员工急切盼望着州立测验的结果。对于校长和校长助理来说，高分可以能够鼓励他们。结果如愿所长，但由于分数太好，遭到了调查。校长和三位教师承认作弊丑闻。地区政府认为教育人员已经进行了详细的研究，作弊行为的确客观存在，州政府认为学生的成绩是无效的。在所有的学术作弊中，没有那个考试这么令人吃惊。许多学区将老师的奖金和学生的进步联系起来。最初设置的法律惩罚不严格，使得作弊一定程度存在。专注学校教育系统的专家推断，极少部分老师，跨越作弊红线，教育专家认为，作弊使得学校的名誉、教师的生活水平处于危险关头。

【华慧考博独家：参考答案】-

详细解析请购买《华慧中科院考博英语一本通》

48.A 49.D 50.A 51.C 52.B 53.A

【华慧考博独家长难句剖析】

1.The district said that the educators had distributed a detailed study guide after stealing a look at the state science test by “tubing” it,—squeezing a test booklet, without breaking its paper seal, to form an open tube so that questions inside could be seen and used in the guide.

【华慧考博：参考译文】地区政府调查认为，在挤压试卷成管道状后（挤压试题册子形成管状，不会弄坏试卷封面，里面的试题就可以被看到并且在考试中用到）偷看了州立科学试卷后，教育人员向学生散发了详细的应试指南。

【华慧考博：结构分析】句子的结构为the district said

that...，结构简单，但是里面的成分较复杂。that引导宾语从句，after stealing a look at the state science test作状语，by “tubing”

it为方式状语，squeezing动名词做状语补充说明，to form an open

tube为目的状语，so that... in the

guide结果状语从句。句中状语从句成分较多，但是不是很难理解。

2.Like a high jump bar set intentionally low in the beginning, the law—which mandates that public schools bring all students up to grade level in reading and math by 2014—was easy to satisfy early on.

【华慧考博：参考译文】就像跳高中的横木一样在最初故意设置的很低，法律强制公立学校使所有的学生的2014年的阅读和数学水平提高，这个早期目标很容易实现。

【华慧考博：结构分析】句子的主干为the law was easy to satisfy...，Like a high jump...比较状语从句；set intentionally

low作后置定语修饰bar；which引导定语从句，以及和后面的句子作插入语。

3.Except who consult with school systems estimated that 1 percent to 3 percent of teachers—thousands annually—cross the line between accepted ways of boosting scores, like using old tests to prepare students, and actual cheating.

【华慧考博：参考译文】除了那些给学校教育系统充当顾问的人断定，1%—

3%的教师，每年大约有数千人，跨越能够接受提高分数方法以及实际作弊这个范围，比如用旧的试卷给学生做测验。

【华慧考博：结构分析】句子的主干为except... estimate that...。who引导定语从句，that在句中引导宾语从句，先行词是estimate，横线后面的句子以及like using old tests to prepare

students做插入语表示解释说明。此句中由于插入语较长，将between...and...分开，需注意。

中国科学院考博英语备考专题

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