完整版新概念英语第二册 88课2

Lesson 88 Trapped in a mine 困在矿井里

【New words and expressions】（12）

trap v. 陷入，使陷于困境surface n. 地面，表面

explosive n. 炸药vibration n. 震动

collapse v. 坍塌drill v. 钻孔

capsule n. 容器layer n. 层、层次

beneath prep. 在......之下lower v. 放下，降低

progress v. 进展，进行smoothly adv. 顺利地

★trap （1）v. 陷入，使陷于困境

eg：He was trapped in the game preserve . 他被困在禁猎区。

in the game preserve 在禁猎区

（2）v. 将（某人）诱入圈套、诱骗（某人）

trap sb into doing 诱使某人做某事

eg：They trapped her into marring him . 他们又骗她嫁给了他。

（3）n.（捕鸟、兽等用的）圈套、陷阱

a bear caught in a trap 熊陷入陷阱

set a trap for mouse ＝set a mousetrap 设（陷阱）；张（罗网）；扬（帆），钩住（4）n. 诡计、圈套、策略

eg：He fell into a trap . 他掉进了陷阱

★surface （1）n. 地面，表面

a smooth surface 光滑的表面

（2）n. 外表、外观

look only at the surface of things 只看事情的表面

on the surface 表面上的、外观上的

friendship on the surface 表面上的友谊

eg：You looked satisfied on the surface then .

那个时候你看起来表面上很满足。

（3）adj. 外表的

surface differences 表面上的差异；surface kindness 表面上的好心短语：surface mail 陆（水）路邮件、普通邮件（相反的airmail）

send a letter by surface mail 寄普通邮件

★explosive （1）n. 炸药

high explosive 强力炸药

（2）adj. 爆发的、爆发性的

an explosive substance 爆炸物

explosion n. （1）爆发、爆裂、爆炸声

a gas explosion 瓦斯爆炸

（2）爆发an explosion of laughter 爆发出笑声

explode v. （1）（炸药、煤气等）爆炸事件

eg：The heat exploded the corked bottle .

热气使塞住的瓶子爆炸了。

（2）（因生气、笑等）使（感情）爆发、（感情）爆发eg：He exploded in anger . 勃然大怒eg：His jealousy exploded when she kissed another boy . 看她吻了另一个男孩、他醋劲大发。

＊jealousy [?d?el?si] n.妒忌；猜忌

★vibration n. 震动

the vibration of the traffic 车辆来往产生的振动。

vibrate （1）v. 振动、摇动

eg：His shoulders vibrated with anger .他气到双肩颤动。

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（2）v. 受……而感动，（心）颤动、惊动

eg：My heart vibrated to the soulful painting .

那张充满感情的画感动了我的心灵。

★collapse （1）v. 坍塌、瓦解、崩溃

eg：The roof collapsed under the weight of snow . 雪把房顶压塌了. eg：The heavy flood collapsed the bridge .大洪水使桥梁倒塌了。

（2）v.（计划、事业等）垮掉、挫败

eg：Our project collapsed because of shortage of funds .

因为资金短缺，我们的计划挫败。

（3）v. 摺叠、可摺叠

eg：This table collapses , so I can store it easily .

这种桌子可以折叠,不用时很容易收藏。

collapse a tent 把帐篷折叠起来

★drill （1）v. 钻孔

drill a hole in the wall 在墙上钻个洞

drill a tooth 钻牙齿

（2）v. 训练（某人），反覆练习、接受训练

drill troops 练兵

drill in English pronunciation 英语发音练习

（3）n. 锥子、钻孔机an electric drill 电钻make a hole with a drill 用钻打洞

（4）n. 训练、演练、演习 a fire drill 消防演习drill in English words 英文单字反覆练习

★capsule

medicine ：

pill [pil] 药丸、powder [?paud?] 药粉、

tablet [?t?blit] 药片、capsule [?k?psju:l] 胶囊

★layer （1）n. 层、一层

a layer of clay 一层泥＊clay [klei] n.粘土，泥土

a cake with two layers 两层蛋

（2）置放者、砌……的人（通常构成复合词）n. 容器、胶囊eg：He swallowed two capsules at a time . 他一下吃了两粒胶囊。

a bricklayer 泥瓦匠

（3）下蛋的鸡

a good layer 常下蛋的鸡←→a bad layer 不常下蛋的鸡

★beneath （1）prep. 在......之下

（可用已表示接触或未接触时，稍为严谨的表达法，一般多用under）eg：Let's take a rest beneath

the tree . 让我们在树下休息。

eg：The ground beneath my feet was soft . 我脚下的土地松软。

（2）（地位、价值）较…….差的，较……不值的的

eg：His work is beneath contempt . 他的行为使人不屑一顾

eg：Such words are beneath you . 说这些话有些失你身份。

★lower （1）v. 放低（高度、位置），降低

eg：She lowered her eyes . 他垂下眼睛。

lower a flag 降旗；lower the sails 降帆

lower the water in the canal 降低运河中的水位

（2）v. 降低（价格、数量、程度、声音等）

lower the rent of a house 降低房租；lower one's voice 压低声音the Lower House （两院治的）下议院

the House of Representatives （美）众议院

the House of Commons （英）下议院

the Upper House 上议院

★progress （1）[?pr??gres] v. 进展，进行

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eg：We are now progressing steadily with our work

我们现在工作进展顺利。

（2）v. 进步、上进

eg：You have progressed quickly in mathematics . 你在数学上进步迅速。

（1）n. [?pr?ugres] 前进、进行

make swift progress toward the destination 朝目的地迅速前进。make slow progress toward the destination朝目的地缓慢前进。

（2）n. 进步the progress of medicine 医药的进步

★smoothly adv. 顺利地、平滑地

go smoothly 进展顺利

eg：The escalator didn't operate smoothly . 自动扶梯没有顺利运作＊escalator [?esk?leit?] n.自动扶梯

＊operate [??p?reit] vi.运转；动手术；起作用vt.操作；经营smooth （1）adj. 平滑的、顺利的（反义词rough）

a smooth skin 光滑的皮肤；a smooth road 顺畅的道路

eg：His efforts made the smooth passage of the bill possible .

他的努力使该法案得以顺利通过。

（2）adj. 口齿伶俐的 a smooth talker 一个能说会道的人

（3）adj. 温和的

eg：He is smooth in his manners . 他举止彬彬有礼。

（4）v. 使平滑（坦）

smooth out a tablecloth 铺平桌布

eg：Don't forget to smooth down the board before you paint it .

在刷油漆之前别忘了把木料打磨光滑。

if 条件句

真实条件句：主将从现

非真实条件件句：

与现在事时相反或对不可能的情况假设

主句：would do……

从句：一般过去式

与过去事实相反的假设

主句：would have done……

从句：had done…….

Exercise ：1. 用正确的动词填空

（1）If they are not brought （not bring ）to the surface soon , they may lose their lives .

（2）If explosive are used , vibrations will cause （cause）the roof of the mine to collapse. （3）If there had not been a hard

layer of rock beneath soil, they would have completed（complete）the job in a few hours .

（4）If they know how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock , they would lose（lose）heart .

2. 用正确的动词填空

（1）If he had fitted safety belts to his car , he would not have been injured .（not injure）

（2）The man would have been saved if a helicopter had been （be）available.

（3）If you come home late you will find（find）the key under the mat .

（4）I would have found the house easily if he had given （give）me the correct address.

（5）If smoking is forbidden（forbid）illnesses will be reduced .

【Text】

Why is the rescue taking so long?

Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives.

However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse.

Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule.

If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the

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a Meanwhile, way to go. they still have a long for few hours. As it is, they have been drilling sixteen hours and jo

b in a

microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives.

Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon. They have been

told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would

lose heart.

Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. ★个小时了。个人被困在矿井里已有176 被困在矿井※be trapped in a mine

在矿场工作work in a mine a gold mine 金矿；If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives. ★如果不把他们尽快救到地面上来，他们就有可能丧生。救到地面上来※

be brought to the surface

丧生lose one's life

However, rescue operations are proving difficult.

然而，事实证明营救工作非常困难。救出）v.（从危险等）※rescue （1 rescue……from ～から救うThey rescued a boy from drowning . 救了那个落水男孩。eg：The firemen rescued a baby from the brining house. eg：消防队员从着火的房屋里救出一名婴儿。去营救某人救助n. go to one's rescue （2）

证明、显示出※prove v.

It proves difficult .

：prove + adj. egIt proves to be fifficult .

：prove + to be eg 这证明，它是困难的prove that eg：It proves that it is difficult .

If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse.

如果用炸药爆破，震动会引起矿顶塌落。真实条件句※

Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.

因此，营救人员在矿井的北侧钻了一个洞。在矿井北侧※on the north side of the mine

on both sides of the street 在街道两边on the other side of the square 在广场的另一侧They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule.

6个人救上来。他们准备用一种特制的容器把这intend to do 打算做某事打算让某人做某事intend sb to do

他打算明年到国外留学。eg：He intends to study abroad next year .

He intends his son to manage the company . ：eg 他打算让他儿子经营该公司。养育、培育、教育1※bring up （）She's brought up three children. 她一个人养大了三个孩子。eg：有教养的孩子a well-brought up child

没有教养的孩子←→a badly-brought up child

提出话题（2）His new suggestion was brought up at the meeting . ：eg 他在会议上提出新的建议。如果不是因为土If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours.

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壤下面有一层坚硬的岩石，他们的营救工作仅用几个小时就可以完成了。

※非真实条件句

As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go.

实际情况是，他们已连续钻了16个小时了，但离钻透还早着呢。

※as it is 实际上

in fact ＝as a matter of fact 实际上，其实

a long way to go （本文中）离钻透还早着呢

three months to go 还有三个月

Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their

closest relatives.

与此同时，两个小时以前放下井去的一只麦克风使井下的人可以与其亲属保持联系。

※enable sb to do 使某人做

eg：The new contact enables us to demand whatever we want .

新的通讯方式能让我们得到想要的任何东西。

※keep in touch with 与…保持联系

eg：He still keeps in touch with his old friends .

他依然与他的老朋友保持联系。

←→out of touch失去联系

eg：I'm out of touch with economic conditions now .

我不了解现阶段的经济状况。

a near touch（a close call）千钧一发

※closest relatives ＝immediate relatives 直系亲属

Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon.

虽然他们的食物和饮料都快消耗尽了，但这些人的心情很好，坚信他们很快就会出去。

※run out of 耗尽（use up）

run after （chase）

eg：A crowed of boys ran after the beggar . 一群男孩追赶着乞丐。

run over 撞倒

eg：That boy was nearly run over by a car . ＝The car nearly hit him.

小男孩差一点儿被汽车轧了。

run in（新汽车的发动机的）磨合运转、磨合试车

eg：Don't drive so fast . This car hasn't been run in yet .

＝The car must be driven slowly so as not to damage the new engine .

别开得这么快这辆车还没有试车。

run into 偶遇

run across / meet with / come across / meet by chance / meet by accident

eg：I ran into Helga while I was in Sweden . 我在瑞典时偶遇Helga。

They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly.

他们一直被告知营救工作进行得非常顺利。

If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.

如果他们知道了钻透那坚硬的岩石有多么困难，他们会丧失信心的。

※非真实条件句

※drill through 钻透

lose heart 失望＝lose one's nerve

含有run 的短语Exercises 用正确的动词填空：

1.I ran into an old friend of mine in a restaurant yesterday .

＊ran into v. 跑进

2. While driving to work yesterday . I petrol and had to walk to a garage . ＊ran out of 用尽、缺乏5

3. This car will have to be serviced as soon as it has been run in.

＊run in 试车, 飞机向目标的飞行, 插入部分, 争论, 顺便访问

4. She's been taken to hospital . She was run over by a car .

＊run over辗过、撞倒

5. I ran after him , but I could not catch him .

＊ran after v. 追赶(追求)

新东方补充：【Special Difficulties】与run有关的短语run out of 用完，耗尽

They are running out of food and drink.

He has run out of money.

run after 追赶，追逐

Seeing that his sister was annoyed, he ran after her to apologize. run over 在……驶过/辗过

The car ran over a snake/his legs.

run in 试车，试转（发动机等）

John is running his new car in.

Run in the engine before you start work.

run into 偶然碰见

I ran into Mary and Jane in the flower shop.

He ran into Sterlings while travelling in Italy.

a. since

b. ago

c. for

d. since then

2. Vcollapse.

a. make it

b. make it to

c. do it to

d. do it

3. They are running out of food . They .

a. have none

b. have s lot

c. haven't much

d. can't eat it

4. One day I a. came across 偶然遇见

b. came about v. 发生(转身, 改变方向)

c. came after 跟在后面

d. came at v. 达到(袭击, 弄清)

1. Key structures：真实条件句及非真实条件句

真实条件句：

（1）当表示对现在事实做相反假设：

从句：一般过去时

主句：would do

（2）当表示对过去事时做相反假设

从句：过去完成时

主句：would have done

2. Main Points：

be trapped in 陷入, 贮藏在... 里

lose one's life 失去生命

enable sb to do sth 使某人能做某事

run out of 用完

keep in touch with 和某人保持联系

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新概念英语第二册：第37课课文详解及语法解析 课文详注 Further notes on the text Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years'time. 4年以后，奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行。 (1)作为专有名词的一部分时 games 的第一个字母要大写。 (2)这句话的语态是被动语态用于一般将来时(will be held)。 (3)in four years' time，4年之后。 in的这种用法在第9课的语法中已经讲过，它通常与将来时连用表示“……时间之后”： I'll be back in ten minutes or half an hour. 我10分钟或半个小时以后回来。 名词的所有格用于表示时间在第13课的语法中已经提到过： He will arrive in three hours' time. 他3小时以后到达。 a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. 因为将有大批的人到我们国家来，所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池。 (1)连词as用于表示原因时通常位于句首，这是因为它所表明的原因对于讲话对象可能是已知的，所以没有必要再予以强调。 连词 because任何时候都能够代替as来说明一种或几种原因，但是as则不一定总能代替 because： As you can't type the letter yourself, you'll have to ask Susan to do it for you.

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新概念英语第一册课后练习题答案：Lesson 34

新概念英语第一册课后练习题答案：Lesson 34 Lesson 34 阅读理解 答案与解析 1. B。根据文章第一句可知。 2. C。根据文章第八句可知。 3. C。文中对年轻人的描述是倒数第三句He’s now talking about the Great Wall in English. 4. A。根据文章最后一句可知。 5. B。文中对莉莉、露西的描述并未谈及国籍，不过叙述车上的乘客时提到两名工作人员是中国人，故此排除她们是中国人的可能，所以由此推断她们不是中国人。 答案与解析 1. T。由He is twenty and he is a stammerer.可知。 2. T。文章最后Bill 讲It’s a st-tam-merer.中间的it 指代的是鹦鹉。 3. T。根据A few days later...和文章结尾时Bill 所说的话The p-parrot can’t sp-speak.... It’s a st-tam-mere.可知，因为他口吃，所以使得鹦鹉也口吃，所以他认为鹦鹉不聪明。 4. T。鹦鹉擅长学舌，而Bill 有口吃，鹦鹉学会了他的口吃，由此推知题干准确。 5. F。在文章第二段中提到Bill 去朋友家里Bill 穿着一件蓝色的新上衣，而朋友说Your coat’s colour

and my parrot’s colour are the same.所以推知鸟的颜色为蓝色而不是绿色，所以本题干错误。 英汉翻译 1. What are the cooks doing? 2. What are the men doing? They’re shaving. 3. What are the boys doing? They’re climbi ng the tree. 4. What are the women doing? They’re airing the room. 5. The birds are flying. 6. The dog is eating a bone. 7. I am waiting for a bus. 8. The plane is flying over the river.

新概念英语第一册37-38课随堂测验

Lesson 37-38 随堂测验 一、用所给的介词填空 in after along over across off on 1.Three boys are swimming ___________ the river. 2.A plane is flying ___________ the strait. 3.The boys are jumping ___________ the tree. 4.There are many magazines _____________ the TV. 5.Please put the clothes _____________ the wardrobe. 6.We are walking ___________ the banks of the river 7.The cat is running _____________ the mouse. 二、选择填空 1.What _________ your brother going to do with these books? A. is B.are C.am D.be 2.Is this little bookcase for your daughter? Yes, it’s for __________. A.him B.her C.she D.he 3.---__________ are you going to paint the bookcase? --- Pink. A. What B. When C. What colour D. Which 4.What are you going to ___________ ? A.do B.does C.doing D.done 5.Are you __________ your clothes? A.wash B.washes C.washing D.washed 6.Please show the picture __________ me, Mum. A.for B.to C.with D./ 三、按要求改写句子 1.I’m going to do my homework. （针对划线部分提问） ___________ ___________ ____________ going to ____________? 2.George is going to paint the bookcase pink. （变成一般疑问句） _________ George _________ to __________ the bookcase pink? 3.My sister is going to buy a hat. （变成否定句） My sister ____________ ___________ ___________ buy a hat. 4.The bookcase isn’t for my sister. （变成肯定句） The bookcase ___________ ____________ my sister. 5.He is going to paint the desk blue. （针对划线部分提问） _________ __________ __________ he ___________ ___________ paint the desk? 四、用am/is/are填空 1.---________ he your brother? ---Yes, he __________. His name __________ Alan. 2.---Excuse me, __________ your name Robert? ---No, is ______ not. I _____ John Smith. 3.We _________ students. Mr. Black __________ our teacher. 4.Jenny and Tom ________ good friends. They ________ both English. 5.---What colour _____ your umbrellas?---My umbrella _____ yellow and my son’s umbrellas _____ black. 6.---What __________ your jobs? ---We ________ air hostesses. 7.Which __________ your pencil? _________ these your pencils? 8.Whose __________ these cases? __________ they Mr. Black’s? 9.---_________ these your ties? ---No, they _______ not. My ties _________ orange. 10.Sophie ________ a nurse. She _________ our daughter.