江苏英语试题解析

江苏英语试题解析

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2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）

英语试题解析

第二部分：英语语言知识运用

第一节：单项选择

21.【标准答案】B

【试题分析】本题主要考查冠词用法。第一空考查零冠词，在交通工具前不用冠词，如by air/by car等；第二空考查定冠词用法，定冠词用于名词之前，指世上独一无二的事物，如the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth等。

【高考考点】冠词用法。

【易错提醒】by the sea意为“在海边”，按题意来看，“我们”到西海岸是“坐船（by sea）”去的，所以排除A、C。

【备考提示】掌握好冠词，包括定冠词、不定冠、零冠词基本用法是解决此类问题的关键。

22.【标准答案】C

【试题分析】题意为：“－我录下您的演讲您介意吗？－不介意，录吧！”根据“Go ahead”可知对方同意了请求，所以说“不介意”。如果不同意，回答应选择D.

【高考考点】考查交际用语。

【易错提醒】Never mind不要紧，没关系，用来回答别人道歉或安慰别人。No way没门，不可能，和语意不符。

【备考提示】注意本题曾在2004年广东卷出现类似题目（35题）。高考前要多练习历年各省高考试题。

--Do you mind if I open the window?

--__________I feel a bit cold．

A．Of course not． B．I’d rather you didn’t． C．Go ahead． D．Why not?

【答案及解析】B选项A表示不介意；B表示希望对方不要打开窗户；C表示要对方去打开窗户；D表示责问对方为什么不干某事的原因。根据I feel a bit cold，答案选B。

23.【标准答案】B

【试题分析】题意为：“－彼特在吗？－请不要挂断电话，我去看看能否找到他。”hold on hold on 继续，坚持，保持；不挂断电话。此处意为“别挂，等一等”，相当于hold the line。【高考考点】考查交际用语和动词短语的含义辨析。

【易错提醒】搞不清楚每个动词短语的具体含义而误选，hold up 举起，竖起，支持，使停滞；hold out 伸出，提出，支持，主张；hold off 耽搁，不接近，离开。

【备考提示】在复习中一定要积累一定量的动词短语用法，要分清它们的含义和在具体语境中的意思，如与have, take, put, come, go, make ,set等相关的词组的意思和用法。此考点为高考必考。

24.【标准答案】A

【试题分析】题意为：“在最近去英国的旅行中我们参观了科学博物馆，它是伦敦最吸引游客的地方之一。”分析从句的结构，we是主语，visit是谓语，during a recent trip to Britain 是状语，visit后缺宾语，所以选择关系代词which。

【高考考点】考查定语从句的用法。

【易错提醒】不注意分析句子结构易误选D，不知道非限定性定语从句中不能用that 则易误选C。

【备考提示】在复习中有关定语从句的知识时，一定要学会分析从句的结构，理清其基本

用法和特殊用法，如关系词在从句中充当什么成分，关系代词that和which用法区别等问题要特别注意。

25.【标准答案】D

【试题分析】题意为：“－恐怕到明天我也无法修理这些东西。－没什么，不着急。”根据句意易选D。

【高考考点】考查交际用语和There be结构。

【易错提醒】There is no hurry,意为不必着急，不忙。如Don't drive so fast. There is no hurry.别开那么快，不用着急；There’s no wonder.难怪；There’s no doubt.毫无疑问；There’s no problem.没问题。

【备考提示】掌握There be 结构的各种变化形式和句型：There is something wrong with/There is no need to do /There is no(some) difficult(trouble)in/ There is no help for/There is no difference between/There is no possibility that /There is no saying that/There is a chance that /There is a possibility that/There seems to be /There used to / There happen to be。

26.【标准答案】A

【试题分析】句意为：“－如果我们在聚会后都自愿帮忙的话，那清理工作应该不会花很长时间。－是的，人多活儿轻嘛。”. B项“聊胜于无”；C项“多多益善”；D项“速战速决”。【高考考点】在语境中英语谚语的应用。

【易错提醒】一定要分析句子的含义和说话者要表达的意图，否则易误选其他选项。【备考提示】在复习中要了解西方的文化和积累一些英语成语，俚语和谚语，如：Many heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。

27.【标准答案】D

【试题分析】句意为：“人们通常说：旅行的快乐不在于要去的地方而在于旅行的过程。”根据句意不难选择D。

【高考考点】考查短语not…but用法。

【易错提醒】本题解题的关键在于题意的理解。如果选择B，则意为：旅行的快乐在于要去的地方或者旅行的过程；如果选择C，则意为：旅行的快乐既不在于要去的地方也不在于旅行的过程。这样就不符合常规的思维逻辑。

【备考提示】not…but是个连词词组，作“不是……而是……”解，连接两个并列的成分，表示意思上的转折。

[举例]

(1) He is not English, but American.

他不是英国人，而是美国人。(连接两个表语)

(2) The servant can\'t read and write in English, but can speak English fluently.

这个仆人不能读英语和写英语，但却能流利地说英语。(连接两个谓语)

(3) They need not money but farm labors.

他们不需要钱，而需要劳动力。(连接两个宾语)

(4)Not the students but the teacher is hoping to go there.

不是学生而在老师希望去那儿。(连接两个主语)

[注意]“not…but”连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与紧靠它的主语在人称和数上保持—致。这点和not only…but also连接两个主语时谓语动词用法一致。

[举例] Not the teacher but the students are hoping to go there.

不是老师而是学生希望去那儿。

2007 全国卷I中，把not…but和强调句放在一起考查：

Between the two generations, it is often not their age, ____their education that causes

misunderstanding.

A. like

B. as

C. or

D. but

28.【标准答案】B

【试题分析】题意为：“－为什么你建议我们买一台新机器呢？－因为这台旧的已经坏掉了，无法修理了。” beyond reach够不着；beyond control控制不了；beyond description无法描述。

【高考考点】考查交际用语和介词beyond用法。

【易错提醒】本题要注意句意的理解。出题者把介词beyond放在具体的语言环境中考查了其做状语的用法，提高了对句意理解的要求。

【备考提示】平时学习中，要特别注意加强对常用介词的用法识记。beyond作介词时可以表示范围、水平、限度、能力等，意思是“超出；多于；为……所不能及”。在句中常作表语、定语或状语。①作表语Your work is beyond all praise．你的作品叫人赞扬不尽。②作定语These were matters beyond his understanding as yet．这些事情他那时候还不了解。③作状语We succeeded beyond our hopes．我们获得如此之成功，是我们始料所不及的。beyond还可以表示位置和时间，如：beyond that hill在山的那边；beyond midnight半夜以后。

29.【标准答案】D

【试题分析】题意为：“－他们很安静，是吧？－是的，他们习惯了吃饭时不说话。”根据短语be accustomed to doing的用法，不难选择D答案。

【高考考点】考查交际用语和短语be accustomed to（习惯于）用法。

【易错提醒】如果不能熟记短语be accustomed to doing，易误选A、B；如果对句意不能很好理解，易误选C。

【备考提示】be accustomed to 出现于牛津英语模块六第三单元，重点要识记to是介词，后面用doing. 类似的短语还有：look forward to 期望，盼望/prefer to宁愿/compare … to把A比喻B/in addition to除...之外/the key to …的关键/see to负责, 注意/stick to 坚持/lead to 导致/pay attention to注意/devote oneself to奉献/ give way to给…让路/according to 根据/get down to 着手做/be open to 愿意接受/object to反对/turn to转向, 变成, 求助于/due to由于, 应归于/refer to查阅, 提到, 谈到, 打听/second to仅次于。但使用时要注意句子结构。如：The letter they look forward to arrived.此处they look forward to修饰主语the letter，和arrived无关。

30.【标准答案】C

【试题分析】题意为：“要把钱花在通过提高健康的生活质量来防止疾病上，而不是花在生病后的治疗康复上。”第一空中，把钱的两种投入方式进行对比，所以用比较级；第二空，make people better使身体更健康，含有“越来越好”之意，所以也用比较级。

【高考考点】考查形容词比较等级的用法。

【易错提醒】此句题干较长，一定要注意理解题意，分清有几个对象在相比较，不要受汉语的影响而误选其他选项。

【备考提示】这是一个it作形式主语的主语从句。长句的句子结构分析是高考之前考生必备的一项能力。可以通过熟练掌握五种基本句型的方式或通过大量阅读培养语感的方式来理解长、难句的结构。

31.【标准答案】A

【试题分析】题意为：“－我还在忙着我的项目。－哦，你要错过最后期限了。时间要用完了。”run out表示“被用完了（become used up)”的被动含义，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。例如：His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花完了。根据句意选择A。【高考考点】考查短语动词辨析。

【易错提醒】在理解句意的基础上，明白其它短语含义：go out 出去，熄灭；give out用完，耗尽；分发；放出（气味，热量等）；lose out (比赛)输掉, 失败。

【备考提示】加强基本英语知识识记。平时做题过程中遇到的短语动词都要清晰地牢记每个短语的含义。平时多积累，考试反应就快。同时注意把动词短语放在情景交际用语中考查这种新趋势。

32.【标准答案】A

【试题分析】题意为：“只有在你饮食正确的条件下，你才能保持健康。”only用于句首和条件状语连用时，后面使用倒装结构。

【高考考点】考察倒装句的用法。

【易错提醒】unless = if not（除非），用于句首时引导条件状语从句，主句不用倒装。如：Unless I work hard and hold it on, I won't go to the NO.1 high school.首先排除C项。D项句意为：“如果你饮食正确，你将不能保持健康。”语意逻辑有问题。

【备考提示】only在句首倒装的情况：①only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，其后面的主语部分要进行倒装；②如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得很重时，他才卧床休息。倒装结构是英语语法中较为容易掌握的一项，最近几年高考都有所涉及，一定要逐条记忆。33.【标准答案】D

【试题分析】题意为：“－我确信安德鲁会赢得决赛的第一名。－我也这样认为。他几个月来一直在准备。”题干中for months决定了句子使用完成时，而且据句意，他一直在准备，所以最好使用进行时。这样，D项的现在完成进行时就是最佳选择。

【高考考点】考察动词的时态。

【易错提醒】因为句子中没有过去时，所以就不会有“过去的过去”，C项错误；B项只强调过去某几个月里他一直在准备，和现在关系不大，所以就不可能有对安德鲁获胜的把握较大的推测。现在进行时很少和段时间状语连用。

【备考提示】时态问题是高考的重点考察项目，也是学生英语学习中的重点难点，在复习中一定要掌握好各种时态的基本用法以及它们的表现形式，最佳的办法就是把自己当作说话人，去体会句子中语境的时态。平时要多做高考时态试题，慢慢体会时态用法。

34.【标准答案】C

【试题分析】语意为：“为学好英语，我们应该尽自己所能找机会听别人说英语。”hear sth. done听到某事被做。本句中，英语被别人说，所以用过去分词表被动用法。故选择C。【高考考点】考察非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法。

【易错提醒】hear后可以用do/doing/done三种形式作宾语补足语。hear sb. do听到动作的全过程；hear sb. doing听到某个动作正在做；hear sth. done听到某事被做。本句中hear的宾语是English，应该是“被说”的，所以排除A、B。D项结构错误，首先应该排除。

【备考提示】掌握非谓语动词时，要重点掌握三种形式的特点。如-ing形式强调动作正在进行或主动，过去分词强调已经完成或被动，动词不定式强调将要发生或具体动作等。还要清晰掌握细节，如能带分词作宾补的动词常见的有see, hear, keep, find, notice, watch, think, want, smell, observe等。

35.【标准答案】B

【试题分析】题意为：“－对不起，前几天我不应该对你大喊大叫的。－没事，我自己也有点失控。” shouldn’t have本来不应该做而做了。根据题意选择B。

【高考考点】情态动词+have done sth.

【易错提醒】不能搞清楚情态动词的基本含义和用法。如D项must have done用来表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测，否定推测使用can’t/couldn’t have done。还要注意审清题干，本

题中the other day的含义是前几天，所以不用A、C选项。

【备考提示】情态动词的用法是高考必考项目。对情态动词的复习中一定要搞清楚情态动词的基本含义和用法，尤其是情态动词+have done sth.表推测的用法的具体意思，结合上下文加以准确判断：should have done 表示“过去本应该做某事却未做。” /ought t o have done 表示“过去本应该做某事却未做。” / need have done 表示“过去本有必要做某事却未做。” /could have done 表示“过去本能够做某事却未做。” /might have done 表示“过去本可以做某事却未做。”

第二节：完形填空

36. B。从上下文可知Glennie不想让别人的看法（the opinions of others）左右自己成为音乐家的理想。A条件；C项行动；D项推荐。

37. C。Glennie八岁开始学习钢琴。take lessons上课，固定短语。

38. B。从下文可知，Glennie听觉（hearing）逐渐失去，直到12岁时完全失聪（completely deaf）。

39. D．神经损伤（the nerve damage）是Glennie失去听觉的主要原因（cause）。evidence证据；result结果；excuse借口。

40. “我对音乐的爱从来没有离开过我。”根据never，句意否定，所以B项excite sb.令人激动，C项accompany sb.陪伴某人不正确。D项应为disappear from sb.。

41. D。人生的目标（goal ）,purpose目的；decision决定；promise许诺。

42. B。“我学会了‘听’（learn to do）音乐。”turn to转向（某人寻求帮助）；used to 过去常常（做某事）；ought to应该做某事。

43. A。tell 辨别；see看到；hear听到；smell闻到。句意是：通过振动来辨别音调的高低。

44. C。据句意，为了分辨音调的高低，除了通过身体对振动的感觉，还可以通过我的想象（imagination）。因为Glennie以前没有失聪过，所以不会有experience（经验）；而carefulness （细心）和身体的movement（运动）对聋人来说是无法分辨音调高低的。

45. A。“我只有通过调动全部的感觉（sense）器官”才能弥补失聪的遗憾来感受周围世界。定语从句I have修饰的我能拥有的sense 感觉、effort努力、feeling感情、idea想法中A项符合句意。

46. C。Glennie下定决心（be determined to do）要被别人评价为一名音乐家，而不是一名聋人音乐家。dissatisfied不满意的； astonished惊讶的；discouraged气馁的。A、B、D都是Glennie对别人评价的反应，而Glennie这时实际上还没有成名，所以不可能有这些感觉。

47. A。“以前没有失聪学生做过（done）这件事（applied to the Royal Academy of Music）”。Accept接受，advise建议，admit承认。根据语意，A项正确。

48. D。因为以前没有失聪学生被录取，所以一些老师反对（oppose）Glennie进入the Royal Academy of Music。

49. B。由于Glennie的表现，最终（finally）被录取。

50. C。以最高的荣誉从the Royal Academy of Music毕业（graduate）。

51. A。作曲write musical compositions。

52. D。自己作曲的原因是很少有人（few）专门为打击乐器独奏演员作曲。

53. B。尽管医生认为Glennie完全聋了，但并不意味着她的热情被忽视了。Although引导让步状语从句。从语意判断，B项最佳。

54. A。mean意味着。conclude作结论。

55. D。Glennie根据自己的切身体会告诫人们：不要被别人这样那样的说法所禁锢（limit）。第三部分：阅读理解

56. B。猜测词义题。根据前面一个句子中let it be our enemy和make it our ally对比，和enemy

对应的意思是B项。

57. C。推理判断题。由第二段可以推断出作者想告诉我们人体内的生物钟可以调节时间。

58. D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句：what we are going to discuss next can make us better able to control time可以推断下一段作者将讨论人们如何充分利用时间。

59. C。细节理解题。据第二段“The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet, causes water to evaporate, and provides energy for the water cycle and weather.”判断得出答案。

60. C。细节理解题。据第二段“Much of the energy…is either re flected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth’s surface.”可以得出答案。

61. A。主旨大意题。通读全文不难看出文章是关于太阳能是如何被地球生物利用的。B、C、D都有点以偏概全。

62. D。细节理解题。根据第一句：Visitors must present all carried items for inspection upon entry.易得出答案。

63. B。细节理解题。据We regret that we do not have enough space for visitor items larger than 17×26 inches into the Gallery or its checkrooms.得出结论。要特别注意D项易误选。

64. A。细节理解题。据Soft front baby carriers are allowed.可知。

65. B。细节理解题。据Picture-taking(including video) for personal use is permitted except in special exhibitions and where specifically prohibited.可以判断。

66. C。细节理解题。据“Jack moved clear across the country in pursuit of his dreams. There, in the rush of his busy life, Jack had little time to think about the past.”可知。D项错误，因为Jack并没有因为繁忙的生活而完全冲刷了对童年的记忆。B项错误，因为Jack忙得甚至家人都无法顾及。

67. C。细节理解题。根据Jack母亲的电话内容，很容易选出答案。

68. A。细节理解题。根据“Jack, Thanks for your time! Harold Belser.”可以判断。

69. D。推理判断题。Jack从Harold Belser对他的感谢中感悟出亲情的重要。这也是文章想表达的主旨。A、B、C文中均未提及。

70. B。归纳概括题。文章以Harold Belser最珍惜的the gold box为线索，表现的是人们最珍惜的应该是人与人之间的感情这个主旨。所以B项最佳。

第四部分：任务型阅读

71.文章的主题是团队协作，据第一句可填出teamwork；

72.据“What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve consideration …”可以填出ideas或和ideas意义相同的opinions/views/thoughts；

73.据“encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another.”可以填出Encourage；

74.据第四段“Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities …”可以填出Suggestions；

75.据第四段“Mak e sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her …”可以填出given。

76.据第四段“be responsible for your own learning”可以填出responsibility。注意词性变换。

77.据第五段“divide the topic into several areas ”可以填出topic或和topic词义相同的subject、issue。

78.据第五段“that may happen unexpectedly”可知偶然发生，用in case短语代替。

79.据第五段“A format for exchanging information…”可以填出exchange。

80.据第六段“After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an uation of the team’s

effectiveness …”可以填出Evaluate。

第五部分：书面表达

【讲解】今年的出题较为新颖，出人意料。题目形式和前几年相同，属于半开放式作文。写作时要注意按照表格要求分为三段：为何倾听，谁来倾听，怎样倾听。特别注意动词的使用：表示尊重（show respect），增进理解（promote understanding），建立关系（improve relationship），消除代沟（narrow the generation gap），满足需求（meet their needs）等。在表达自己观点时，要使用自己熟悉的句型，按要求两至三点即可。如：listen more to others；show your respect；show you are interested等。总之，只要表达清晰，注意句式变化，得高分是不难的。

【范文】Good afternoon, everyone!

The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.

Good listening can always show respect, promote understanding, and improve interpersonal relationship.

Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap; teachers should listen more to their students, then they can meet their needs better, and place themselves in a good relationship with their students; students should listen more to their classmates, thus they will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to be formed.

What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others. Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk; show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile; be open-minded to different opinions even though you don’t like them. In a word, good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other. (151)

Thank you for your listening!

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