症状: 寒战chill
冷汗cold sweat
并发症complication
发绀cyanosis
全身不适general malaise
恶心nausea
盗汗night sweat
出汗perspiration
复发relapse
发抖shiver
呕吐vomit
发下出血subcutaneous hemorrhage 各种外伤:
擦伤abrasion
伤痕bruise
烧伤burn
闭合性骨折closed fracture
粉碎性骨折comminuted fracture
撞伤collision injury
抽筋cramp
骨折fracture
枪伤gunshot wound
感染infection
跌伤injury from fall
刀伤knife trauma
撕裂lacerated
脱臼luxation
开放性骨折open fracture
烫伤scald
划破scarification
重伤severe wound
轻伤slight wound
扭伤sprain
表皮伤superficial wound
外伤trauma
致死伤vital infury
伤口wound 常规检查:
化验assay
听诊auscultation
钡餐检查barium meal examination 基础代谢率basal metabolic rate 活体切片检查biopsy
出血时间bleeding time
血型blood group
血脂blood lipoids
血压blood pressure
血糖blood sugar
验血blood test
胆固醇cholesterol
临床观察clinical observation
凝血时间coagulation time
舒张压diastolic pressure
肌力测试ergometry
试脉to feel one's pulse
血沉erythrocyte ssedimentation rate ESR 透视检察to examine by fluoroscopy
胃液分析gastric juice analysis
胸部透视to have one's chest X-rayed
体检检查health examination
血红蛋白hemoglobin
肝功能测定hepatic function test
血糖过高hyperglycemia
血糖过低hypoglycemia
黄疸指数icterus index
问诊inquiry
望诊inspection
化验结果laboratory report
脂蛋白lipoprotein
阴性反应negative reaction
触诊palpation
叩诊percussion
血浆plasma
血小板计数platelet count
阳性反应positive reaction
血细胞计数blood cell count
血常规分析routine analysis of blood
尿常规分析routine urinalysis
血清serum
大便检查stool test
试体温to take one's temperature
收缩压systolic pressure
血液总蛋白量total protein
尿检查urine test
白细胞white blood corpuscles
X光检查X-ray examination
X光照片X-ray film
X光照相X-ray film taking
各种常规疗法和治疗手段: 剖腹探查 abdominal laparotomy 过敏反应 allergic reaction
截肢 amputation
麻醉 anaesthesia
封闭疗法 block therapy
输血 blood transfusion
换药 to change dressings
冷敷 cold compress
钴六0放射疗法 cobalt radiation treatment
综合疗法 composite treatment
保守疗法 conservative treatment
控制细菌感染 control of bacterial infection
疗程 course of treatment
疗效 curative effect
治愈率 cure rate
饮食疗法 dietotherapy
引流 drainage
包扎伤口 todress a wound
药物治疗 drug therapy
电疗 electrotherapy
灌肠 enema
切除 excision
体外循环 extracorporeal circulation
抽脓 extraction of pus
镶牙 to fix a false tooth
输液 fluid infusion
全身麻醉 general anaesthsia
补牙 to have a tooth filled
医治烧伤 healing of burns
热疗法 heat treatment
溶血疗法 hemolytic treatment
疝气修补 hernia repair
热敷 hot compress
水疗 hydrotherapy
皮下注射 hypodermic injection
切口 incision
注射 to inject
肌肉注射 intramuscular injection
静脉注射 intravenous injection
局部麻醉 local anaesthesia
按摩 massage
泥疗 mud-bath therapy
自然疗法 nature cure
新治疗法 new cure
青霉素反应 penicillin reaction
施行手术 to perform an operation
体育疗法 physical exercise therapy
物理治疗physical trerapy
心理分析psychoanalysis
心理治疗 psychotherapy
穿刺 puncture
放射疗法 radiotherapy
骨折复位 reduction of the fracture
脱臼复位 to replace dislocated joints
断肢再植 replantation of severed limbs
睡眠疗法 sleep therapy
抽脊髓 spinal tap
日光灯疗法 sun-lamp treatment
日光疗法 sun-rays treatment
缝合 suture
抽腹水tap the abdomen
服药 to take medicine
拆线 to take out the stitches
治疗 therapy :treatment
组织疗法 tissue therapy
移植 transplantation
超短波疗法 ultra-short wave theatment
超声波疗法 ultrasonic treatment
紫外线疗法 ultraviolet ray treatment
导尿 urethral catheterization
护理类:
住院 be in hospital
复查 follow-up examination
全食:普通饮食 full diet
高热量饮食 high-caloric diet
高蛋白饮食 high-protein diet
出院 leave hospital;be discharged from hospital 清淡饮食 light diet
流质饮食 liquid diet
体重减轻 to lose weight
低热量饮食 low-caloric diet
查房 to make ward rounds
营养 nutrition
体重增加 to put on weight
休养 to recuperate
常规检查 routine examination
无盐饮食 salt-free diet
半流质饮食 semi-liquid diet
病假条 sick note
软食 soft diet
绝对卧床 strict bed rest
转院 to transfer to another hospital
探视时间 visiting hours 常用医疗器械:
人造血管 artifical blood vessel
耳镜 aural speculum
高压蒸汽灭菌器 autoclave serilizer
绷带 bandage
脚踏测力计 bicycle ergometer
血液变温器 blood heat exchanger
血压计 blood pressure gauge
煮沸灭菌器 boiling sterilizer
支气管镜 bronchoscope
导尿器 catheter
结肠镜 colonoscope
婴儿恒温室 constant heat cabinets for infants
膀胱镜 cystoscope
牙科综合治疗机 dental unit
诊断床 diagnostic couch
扩张器 dilator
定向灯 directional lamp
电子血球计数器 electric blood counter
心电图机 electrocardiograph
脑电图机 electroencephalograph
食管镜 esophagoscope
体外循环装置 extra-corporeal circulation apparatus 固定镊 fixation forceps
萤光屏动性 fluoroscope
额灯 forehead lamp
额反光镜 forehead mirror
胃镜 gastroscope
人工心肺机 heart-lung machine
高度计量器 height gauge
止血钳 hemostatic forceps
热水袋 hot water bottle
冰袋 ice bag
早产儿保温箱 incubator
同们素扫描仪 isotope scanner
喉镜 haryngoscope
激光手术刀 laser scalpel
水银蒸汽机 mercury vapor lamp
微波理疗机 micro-wave therapeutic apparatus
口腔镜 mouth mirror
分娩椅 obstetric chair
分娩台 obstetric table
手术灯 operating lamp
手术台 operating table
检眼镜 ophthalmoscope
视力计 optometer
口腔体温计 oral thermometer
氧气吸入器 oxygen inhalator
氧气管 oxygen tank
心电起搏机 pacemaker
叩诊器 percussion hammer
磅秤 platform scale
石英水银灯quartz mercury lamp
肛门体温计 rectal thermometer
直肠镜 rectoscope
牵开器 retractor
检鼻镜 rhinoscope
手术刀 scalpel
无影灯 shadowless lamp
短波电疗机 short wave diathermy machine 肺活量计 spirometer
夹板 splint
消毒设备 sterilizing epuipment
听诊器 stethoscope
缝线 stitch
超声波诊断仪supersonic diagnostic set
外科镊 surgical forceps
注射器 syringe
注射器针头 syringe needle
缝线(未使用的) suture
体温计 thermometer
胸腔镜 thoracoscope
压舌板 tongue spatula
紫外线灯 ultra- violet lamp
子宫镜 uteroscope
视力表 visual testing chart
称重台weighing platform
X光机 X-ray machine
English teaching for medical purpose which plays an extremely important role in the education of medical .To set undergraduate medical English teaching closer to the national demand scientifically, target needs and social needs questionnaires on medical English proficiency were carried out towards medical undergraduates and medical professionals. To explore the causes of these phenomena, we propose to set Undergraduate Medical English course program considering the needs of the learner objectives and social needs, and to arrange speaking and writing modules hours and teaching content. This course is designed and delivered to help students to: to understand the importance of medical terms in their medical practice; to know origins of medical language; to get familiar with most commonly seen medical terms in current medical literature and medical practice; to develop ability to decode and interpreter new medical terms; to develop ability to communicate confidently, accurately, and efficiently with health care professionals, patients, and others.
新冠防疫英语表达
四六级A B C D 托福GRE 医学英语句子翻译
PART A 四六级
名词 outbreak 爆发 lockdown/shutdown 封城quarantine 隔离epidemic 传染病(的)pandemic 流行病(的) rebound 复发discharge 出院 rumor 谣言game 野味(wildlife)bat 蝙蝠 batch 批(量词) quarantine vs. isolation 前者指非正式的“隔离”,只是一种宽泛的预防措施,形式多种多样。后者需要专业人员和专用的设备和技术,严密观察和治疗,对被隔离者的限制也更多。
名词 virus病毒 coronavirus冠状病毒 covid-192019冠状病毒病 bacteria细菌 vaccine疫苗 case病例 treatment/therapy治疗 sample/specimen病例标本 lung肺部disease疾病symptom症状syndrome症状temperature体温fever发烧 cough咳嗽 flu流感 sneeze打喷嚏running nose流鼻涕droplet飞沫fatigue 乏力
名词materials物资 surgical/face mask口罩 face shield面罩 protective suit/gown防护服 goggle/eyewear护目镜 hand sanitizer洗手液 test kit试剂盒 thermometer体温计 medicine/drug药 capsule胶囊 herbal medicine中草药 doctor 医生 surgeon 外科医生 physician 内科医生 frontline medical personnel 一线医护人员 nurse 护士 patient 患者 virus carrier 病毒携带者 whistleblower 吹哨人 academician 院士 spokesperson 发言人
学术英语unit1,unit3,unit4,unit9课文翻译 Unit 1 Text A 神经过载与千头万绪的医生 患者经常抱怨自己的医生不会聆听他们的诉说。虽然可能会有那么几个医生确实充耳不闻,但是大多数医生通情达理,还是能够感同身受的人。我就纳闷为什么即使这些医生似乎成为批评的牺牲品。我常常想这个问题的成因是不是就是医生所受的神经过载。有时我感觉像变戏法,大脑千头万绪,事无巨细,不能挂一漏万。如果病人冷不丁提个要求,即使所提要求十分中肯,也会让我那内心脆弱的平衡乱作一团,就像井然有序同时演出三台节目的大马戏场 突然间崩塌了一样。有一天,我算过一次常规就诊过程中我脑子里有多少想法在翻腾,试图据此弄清楚为了完满完成一项工作,一个医生的脑海机灵转动,需 要处理多少个细节。 奥索里奥夫人 56 岁,是我的病人。她有点超重。她的糖尿病和高血压一直控制良好,恰到好处。她的胆固醇偏高,但并没有服用任何药物。她锻炼不够多,最后一次 DEXA 骨密度检测显示她的骨质变得有点疏松。尽管她一直没有爽约,按时看病,并能按时做血液化验,但是她形容自己的生活还有压力。总的说来,她健康良好,在医疗实践中很可能被描述为一个普通患者,并非过于复杂。 以下是整个 20 分钟看病的过程中我脑海中闪过的念头。 她做了血液化验,这是好事。
血糖好点了。胆固醇不是很好。可能需要考虑开始服用他汀类药物。 她的肝酶正常吗? 她的体重有点增加。我需要和她谈谈每天吃五种蔬果、每天步行 30 分钟的事。 糖尿病:她早上的血糖水平和晚上的比对结果如何?她最近是否和营养师谈过?她是否看过眼科医生?足科医生呢? 她的血压还好,但不是很好。我是不是应该再加一种降血压的药?药片多了是否让她困惑?更好地控制血压的益处和她可能什么药都不吃带来的风险孰重孰轻? 骨密度 DEXA 扫描显示她的骨质有点疏松。我是否应该让她服用二磷酸盐,因为这可以预防骨质疏松症?而我现在又要给她加一种药丸,而这种药需要详细说明。也许留到下一次再说吧? 她家里的情况怎么样呢?她现在是否有常见的生活压力?亦或她有可能有抑郁症或焦虑症?有没有时间让她做个抑郁问卷调查呢? 健康保养:她最后一次乳房 X 光检查是什么时候做的?子宫颈抹片呢? 50 岁之后是否做过结肠镜检查?过去 10 年间她是否注射过破伤风加强疫苗?她是否符合接种肺炎疫苗的条件? 奥索里奥夫人打断了我的思路,告诉我过去的几个月里她一直背痛。从她的角度来看,这可能是她此次就诊最要紧的事。但事实是,她让我如火如荼的思绪戛然而止(当时我正在考虑她的血糖问题,继而又有了一个念头,准备和她讨论饮食和锻炼的事,这时又跳出了另一个想法,要和她探讨是否开始服用他汀类药物)。我的本能反应是举手,阻止她打断我的思路。这并不是说我不想听她一定要说的话,而是我千头万绪,在到点前需要解决所这些问题,这种感
医学英语教学目的英文 版 集团文件发布号:(9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
English teaching for medical purpose which plays an extremely important role in the education of medical .To set undergraduate medical English teaching closer to the national demand scientifically, target needs and social needs questionnaires on medical English proficiency were carried out towards medical undergraduates and medical professionals. To explore the causes of these phenomena, we propose to set Undergraduate Medical English course program considering the needs of the learner objectives and social needs, and to arrange speaking and writing modules hours and teaching content. This course is designed and delivered to help students to: to understand the importance of medical terms in their medical practice; to know origins of medical language; to get familiar with most commonly seen medical terms in current medical literature and medical practice; to develop ability to decode and interpreter new medical terms; to develop ability to communicate confidently, accurately, and efficiently with health care professionals, patients, and others.
前言 普通英语(English for General Purpose, EGP)正逐渐从中国大学英语教学中淡出,大学英语的教学重心正在转向专门用途英语(English for Specific Purpose, ESP),并将很快成为大学英语教学的主流。 在全国各大医学院校,虽然医学英语(English for Medical Purpose,EMP)的教学已经逐渐展开,但是直至今日,还没有一套系统、完善的教材来满足医学院校师生的需求。现有教材中,很多是东拼西凑的科普读物,不是真正意义上的EMP教材。其次,现有教材中有一通病,即内容太笼统,没有考虑到医学院校学生的专业分类有基础研究类、临床医护类及卫生管理类。因为其课程设置、职业目标不同,对医学英语内容的需求也有所不同。 鉴于以上情况,编写一套专业细化合理、内容全面系统、选材专业权威的医学英语教材势在必行。本教材以国内大学英语教学改革为背景,顺应大学英语从普通英语向学术英语、专业英语转向的契机,编写注重专业内容与语言知识有机结合,既有医学知识的专业深度,又有人文思辨的广度。 本教材内容 《医学英语(临床医学)》全书由14个单元组成,第1单元至第5单元偏重于临床医学所涉及的基础内容,包括诊断(Diagnosis)、治疗(Therapeutics)、中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)、护理(Nursing)和肿瘤(Oncology)等。第6单元至第14单元根据临床大科,分系统讲授,包括皮肤系统(Integumentary System)、肌肉骨骼系统(Musculoskeletal System)、神经系统(Nervous System)、内分泌系统(Endocrine System)、感觉系统(Sensory System)、心血管系统(Cardiovascular System)、呼吸系统(Respiratory System)、泌尿生殖系统(Urogenital System)和消化系统(Digestive System)。内容系统全面,涵盖了临床医学的方方面面。 每个单元的内容也各具特色,自成体系,分别包括以下内容。 Part ⅠBuilding Blocks of Medical Terminology 介绍本单元出现的,并且在医学英语构词中经常使用的构词成分,并配有填字练习(criss cross)以帮助记忆这些成分。把填字练习引入教材和教学,这也是国内所有英语教材的首创,实践了寓学于乐的教学思想。 Part ⅡText A Text A选材来自Encyclopaedia Online Britannica,材料专业、系统。在课文后面附有词汇注音和解释,对疑难之处做了详细的注释。同时,还配有3种练习,其中第1种练习为学生口述报告(presentation),这样可以充分发挥学生的自主性(autonomy),把教与学有机结合起来,此为其他教材所没有的。第2种练习为知识性填空,真正实现通过掌握知识学习语言知识(content based learning)。第3种练习为术语练习,目的是让学生尽可能多地掌握相应的术语表达,因为术语是专门用途英语的重要组成部分,也是其一大特点,是学习者必须掌握的内容。 Part ⅢText B 与Text A不同,Text B是与医学人文、背景知识、社会医学等相关的材料,但是都与本单元主题紧密相关;选材来源更加广泛,大多数来自权威医学杂志,有一部分来自权威机构的官方网站。 在编排上,Text B后面也有词汇和详细注解,并配有两种练习。第1种练习是传统的阅读理解题,根据文章篇幅长短有5~7题。第2种练习是深入讨论题,给学生锻炼英语思维能力、练习口语表达提供了极好的切入点和机会。 Part ⅣLanguage Skill Development 由三大内容构成:视听、完形填空和写作部分。视听部分精心挑选与本单元内容紧密相关的一段长度为2~5分钟的视频片段,并配有各种练习,如note taking, summary, true or false question, comprehension question, blank filling等。视听部分的主要目的是让学生通过不同的媒质对所学内容作进一步了解,并提高视听语言能力。 编排完形填空主要考虑到虽然语法不是本教材的教学重点,但是有些学生的语法知识还是比较薄弱,需
13级本科?英语应用基础?考试题 一、Translate the following words into Chinese 1.营养 2.蛋白质 3.淀粉 4.维生素 5.开处方 6.硝酸盐 7.青霉素 8.口渴 9.糖尿病 10.新陈代谢 11.呕吐 12.病毒 13.腹胀 14.肥胖 15.儿科 16.垂体 17.压力 18.关节炎 19.溃疡
20.瘤 二、Reading comprehension Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches. Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it. At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk
Unit 1 动脉旁路 1.neuron overload 神经过载 2.a typical office visit 典型的诊所就诊 3.DEXA scan DEXA扫描 4.medical practicing 行医 5.blood pressure control 血压控制 6.health maintenance 健康保持 7.Mammogram report 乳房X线检查报告 8.physical examination 体检 9.side effect of a medication 药物的副作用 10.perpetual panic 永久的恐慌 11.practicing physicians 职业医生 12.transplant field 移植领域 13.medical budget 医疗预算 14.paracetamol tablet 扑热息痛药片 15.childproof cap 防孩子打开的盖子 16.randomized clinical trial 随机临床试验 17.Random allocation 随机分配 18.patient prognosis 病人的预后 19.control group 对照组 20.a 10-year follow-up study 10年的跟踪研究 21.a medical ward 内科病房
22.infectious hepatitis 传染性肝炎 23.Severe malaise 身体严重不适 24.bilirubin metabolism 胆红素代谢 25.permanent liver damage 永久的肝损伤 26.exacerbate pathophysiology 加重病理生理状况 27.Medical literature 医学文献 28.clinical investigation 临床调查 29.incedence of relapse 复发率 30.clinical epidemiology 临床流行病学 31.strict bed rest 严格的卧床休息 32.hospital stay 住院 33.recurrent jaundice 反复发作的黄疸 34.clinical course 临床病程 35.intravenous morphine 静脉注射吗啡 36.diastolic blood pressure 舒张压 37.brain perfusion 大脑血灌输 38.primary care初级保健 39.aorto-coronary arterial bypass主动脉冠状助工作 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6e14939797.html,rmed treatment decision 知情治疗决 41.an international humanitarian group一个国际人道组织 42.the Red Cross 红十字会 43.The first major relief effort 第一次重大援
学术英语(医学)课后词组 Unit 1 1.neuron overload 神经过载 2.a typical office visit 典型的诊所就诊 3.DEXA scan DEXA扫描 4.medical practice 行医 5.blood pressure control 血压控制 6.health maintenance 健康保持 7.mammogram report 乳房X线检查报告 8.physical examination 体检 9.side effect of a medication 药物的副作用 10.perpetual panic 永久的恐慌 11.practicing physicians 职业医生 12.transplant field 移植领域 13.medical budget 医疗预算 14.paracetamol tablet 扑热息痛药片 15.childproof cap 防孩子打开的盖子 16.randomized clinical trial 随机临床试验 17.random allocation 随机分配 18.patient prognosis 病人的预后 19.control group 对照组 20.a 10-year follow-up study 10年的跟踪研究 21.a medical ward 内科病房 22.infectious hepatitis 传染性肝炎 23.Severe malaise 身体严重不适 24.bilirubin metabolism 胆红素代谢 25.permanent liver damage 永久的肝损伤 26.exacerbate pathophysiology 加重病理生理状况 27.medical literature 医学文献 28.clinical investigation 临床调查 29.incidence of relapse 复发率 30.clinical epidemiology 临床流行病学 31.strict bed rest 严格的卧床休息 32.hospital stay 住院 33.recurrent jaundice 反复发作的黄疸 34.clinical course 临床病程 35.intravenous morphine 静脉注射吗啡 36.diastolic blood pressure 舒张压37.brain perfusion 大脑血灌输 38.primary care初级保健 39.aorto-coronary arterial bypass主动脉冠状动脉旁路 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6e14939797.html,rmed treatment decision知情治疗决 41.an international humanitarian group 一个国际人道组织 42.the Red Cross 红十字会 43.the first major relief effort第一次重大援助工作 44.casualty of war 战争中的人员伤亡 45.emergency relief efforts 紧急援助 Unit 2 1.re-emerging/re-emergent/resurgent disease(再现疾病) 2.new flu strain新流感变种 3.antibiotics and vaccine抗生素和疫苗 4.infectious disease传染病 5.emergent/emergent disease新现疾病 6.prevention strategy预防策略 7.bubonic plague腺鼠疫 8.pathogenic microbes病原微生物 9.public heath authority公共卫生机构 10.drug resistance抗药性 11.an course of antibiotic therapy抗生素治疗疗程 12.scarlet fever猩红热 13.the level of virulence毒性水平 14.flu pandemic流感大流行 15.surface antigen 表面抗原 16.genetic shift基因改变 17.neurological complications 神经性并发症 18.waning of immunity免疫力减弱 19.public health infrastructure公共卫生基础设施 20.a malaria case一个疟疾病例 21.swine flu猪流感 22.tuberculosis bacillus结核杆菌 23.the level of morbidity/incident发病
试论医学英语教学创新思路 摘要:对于医学专业的学生来说。掌握医学英语是一项必须具备的技能,在很多的医学职业院校当中,都把英语的教学当做学习的重中之重,然而过去的英语教学枯燥乏味,调动不起学生学习英语的积极性,本文就医学英语教学的新思路做了有关论述。 关键词:医学英语教学新思路 一、引言 医疗企业的快速发展,英语已经成为一个重要的交流和学习的工具,国内医疗与世界的交流越来越广泛,越来越多的医学人才的要求也很高。英语成为许多国际会议的通用语言。医学院校学生除了要有基本的英语知识,还应该有一个坚实的专业英语水平。掌握的数量和英语使用能力的掌握是非常迫切的要求。 二、医学英语教学新思路 1.课堂上精心设计。不仅要教英语专业知识,培养和提供更多的学生使用知识交流的能力。教学活动的实施,应该放弃传统死板的教学模式,尽可能地模拟各种情况下,应用到课堂提问、课堂实践中,教师和学生之间的相互对话或学生可以给学生实践的灵活多样的教学方法,促进学生的积极参与交流,提高积极性,确保更好的教学效果。建立演讲
技能培训项目,加强审讯,医患对话,案例讨论,医学报告,医学英语阅读训练、医学英语写作项目。选择原始病例分析,医学文献参考,如医学应用论文写作是一个模型,通过分析理解医学英语术语和语法特征文章,比如多用名词结构、被动语态、定语从句等写作训练引导学生熟悉医学英语写作模式,分为介绍、材料和方法、结果、结论四部分,每个部分时态使用现在时态,表达也是固定的。在此基础上,应用写作,并组织学生学习比较,首先改变以来,然后提高老师的讨论。通过这种方式,学生有更多的时间更有效地学习英语。 2.内容上合理选择和处理。语言交际活动可以激发学生学习和学习内容和需要学习的内容链接,激发学生的学习动机。针对大型类的情况,组织团队活动,设计适合集团或双对话沟通或语言游戏。灵活多样的教学方法,精心设计教学过程中的每个环节,再教给学生能力。为了避免纯粹的语言点的细节,把握全文,思考文章的内容和结构是一个更有效的学习。泛读教学,要求学生快速阅读全文两次,作者在第一次阅读时要求学生找出话语连贯的句子,第二遍时用自己的语言找出关键词。组织全班讨论学生们用不同的关键词回答,每个人都同意被认为能够更好地总结段落这个词的含义,一起回顾这些内容。最后布置学生课后根据关键词复述文章内容。通过这种方式,学生达到整体把握全文。 3.多媒体的有效利用。多媒体的使用,可以提高学生
Chapter 1 Passage 1 Human Body In this passage you will learn: 1. Classification of organ systems 2. Structure and function of each organ system 3. Associated medical terms To understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc. 了解人体各部分的组成及其功能,对于认识人体是必需的。研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学;研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。 Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article. 解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。本文描绘并阐述了各系统的主要部分。 The skeletal system is made of bones, joints between bones, and cartilage. Its function is to provide support and protection for the soft tissues and the organs of the body and to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton. They have various shapes - long, short, cube - shaped, flat, and irregular. Many of the long bones have an interior space that is filled with bone marrow, where blood cells are made. 骨骼系统由骨、关节以及软骨组成。它对软组织及人体器官起到支持和保护作用,并牵动骨胳肌,引起各种运动。人体有206根骨头。骨形态不一,有长的、短、立方的、扁的及不规则的。许多长骨里有一个内层间隙,里面充填着骨髓,这即是血细胞的制造场所。 A joint is where bones are joined together. The connection can be so close that no movement is possible, as is the case in the skull. Other kinds of joints permit movement: either back and forth in one plane - as with the hinge joint of the elbow - or movement around a single axis - as with the pivot joint that permits the head to rotate. A wide range of movement is possible when the ball - shaped end of one bone fits into a socket at the end of another bone, as they do in the shoulder and hip joints. 关节把骨与骨连接起来。颅骨不能运动,是由于骨与骨之间的连接太紧密。但其它的关节可允许活动,如一个平面上的前后屈伸运动,如肘关节;或是绕轴心旋转运动,如枢轴点允许头部转动。如果一根骨的球形末端插入另一根骨的臼槽里,大辐度的运动(如肩关节、髋关节)即成为可能。 Cartilage is a more flexible material than bone. It serves as a protective, cushioning layer where bones come together. It also connects the ribs to the breastbone and provides a structural base for the nose and the external ear. An infant's skeleton is made of cartilage that is gradually replaced by bone as the infant grows into an adult. 软骨是一种比一般骨更具韧性的物质。它是骨连结的保护、缓冲层。它把肋骨与胸骨连结起来,也是鼻腔与内耳的结构基础。一个婴儿的骨骼就是由软骨组成,然后不断生长、
学术英语医学课后问题 答案 HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】
U n i t 1 1、Some factors that may lead to the complaint: ·Neuron overload ·Patients* high expectations ·Mistrust and misunderstanding between the patient and the doctor 2、Mrs. Osorio’s condition: ·A 56-year-old woman ·Somewhat overweight ·Reasonably well-controlled diabetes and hypertension ·Cholesterol on the high side without any medications for it ·Not enough exercises she should take ·Her bones a little thin on her last DEXA scan 3、 Good things: ·Blood tests done ·Glucose a little better ·Her blood pressure a little better but not so great Bad things:·Cholesterol not so great ·Her weight a little up ·Her bones a little thin on her last DEXA scan 4 4、The situation: ·The author was in a moderate state of panic: juggling so many thoughts about Mrs. Osorio’s conditions and trying to resolve them all before the clock ran down. ·Mrs. Osorio made a trivial request, not so important as compared to her conditions. ·Mrs. Osorio seemed to care only about her “innocent — and completely justified —request”: the form signed by her doctor. ·The doctor tried to or at least pretended to pay attention to the patient while completing documentation. 5、Similarities:
医学英语考试试题 Company number:【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
13级本科英语应用基础考试题 一、Translate the following words into Chinese 1.营养 2.蛋白质 3.淀粉 4.维生素 5.开处方 6.硝酸盐 7.青霉素 8.口渴 9.糖尿病 10.新陈代谢 11.呕吐 12.病毒 13.腹胀 14.肥胖 15.儿科 16.垂体 17.压力 18.关节炎 19.溃疡 20.瘤
二、Reading comprehension Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches. Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it. At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day a famous French lady named
UNIT 1 Welcome to Insidermedicine In Depth. I'm Dr. Susan Sharma. Focusing time and energy on the most personally meaningful aspects of their work may help physicians avoid burnout, according to a survey published in the Archives of Internal Medicine. Here are some consequences of physician burnout, published in the Annals of Internal Medicine: ?Increased risk for substance abuse ?Damage to personal relationships, and ?Increased risk for developing inappropriate prescribing patterns Researchers from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester surveyed over 550 physicians in the department of internal medicine at a large academic medical center. The survey included questions about job satisfaction, emotional well-being, and the aspects of the jobs that were the most meaningful. As many as 34% of respondents met the criteria for burnout, including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a low sense of personal accomplishment. The 88% who said they spent at least 20% of their working time on activities they found to be the most meaningful had about half the burnout rate of those who did not. Today's research highlights the need to optimize career fit among physicians in order to reduce burnout rates. For Insidermedicine In Depth, I'm Dr. Susan Sharma. UNIT 2 Emerging economies such as China, India and South Africa are discovering there is a downside to prosperity. As incomes rise, health can decline. On Monday, the U.N. opens a high-level meeting on non-communicable diseases that usually have been associated with western nations. In recent years, India and China have seen a growing middle class. But with greater affluence has come a surge in diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer. South Africa is on a similar path. The United Nations will debate what can be done about these illnesses. Project HOPE is calling on the U.N. to take strong action – not only on treatment – but prevention. The health-based NGO has programs in 35 countries on 5 continents, many of them dealing with non-communicable diseases or NCDs. One of them – the HOPE Center – is located in Johannesburg, South Africa. Stefan Lawson, country director for Project HOPE, welcomes the U.N. meeting. "It's the first time that we've had non-communicable diseases put on such a high-level forum. The last time a specific disease was done at this sort of level was for HIV and AIDS. And so, being able to push for non-communicable diseases up at that ministerial level I think will do a lot of good," he said. What's for dinner? Lawson said a majority of South African men and women are now overweight.