不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表
一、AAA.(原形,过去式和过去分词一致)
1.花费cost cost cost
2.割cut cut cut
3.伤害hurt hurt hurt
4.让let let let
5.放put put put
6.朗读r ead r ead r ead
7.设置set set set
8.打击,碰撞hit hit hit
9.关上门窗shut shut shut
10.让let let let
二、ABB(过去式和过去分词一致)
1)过去式、过去分词含有-o u g h t
1.带来bring b r ou ght b r ought
2.买buy bought bought
3.打架fight fought fought
4.想think thought thought
5.寻找、seek sou g ht soug ht
探究
2)过去式、过去分词含有-aug h t
5.抓住catch caught caught
6.教teach tau g ht tau g ht 3)过去式、过去分词-t替换原形-d
7.建筑build built built
8.借出lend lent lent
9.花费spend spent spent
10.派遣se nd sent sent 4)过去式、过去分词在原形词尾加t或d
11.学会learn learnt/ed learnt/ed
12.意思mean meant meant
13.燃烧burn burnt/ed burnted 13.做梦dream dreamt/ed dreamt/ed
13.处理deal dealt dealt
14.听hear hear d hear d
5)过去式、过去分词改为-e p t
15.保持k eep k ept k ept
16.睡觉sleep slept slept
17.扫sw eep swept swept 6)过去式、过去分词改为-elt 18.感觉feel felt fel
19.嗅smell smelt/ed smelt/ed
20.拼写spell spelt/ed spelt/ed
7)过去式、过去分词改为-aid
20.孵蛋lay laid laid
21.说say said said
22.支付pay paid paid
8)过去式、过去分词改为-old
23.卖sell sold sold
24.告诉tell told told
9)过去式、过去分词改为-ood
25站stand stood stood 26.明understand un de rst ood u nde rst ood
白
10)其它变化
27.得到get got got(gotten)
28.坐sit sat sat
29.照顾babysit babysat babysat
30.离开leave left left
31.失去lose lost lost
32.找到find found found
33.有have(has)had had
34.握住,hold held held
召开
35.制造mak e made made
36.悬挂hang hung hung
37.照耀shine sh one shon e
39.赢win won won
40逃跑flee fled fled
41喂feed fed fed
42.引导,lead led led
导致
43遇见meet met met
三、ABA(过去式与原形一致)
1.变成became become become
2.来come came come
3.跑run ran run
四、ABC(原形、过去式、过去分词各不一样)
1).过去分词在过去式或原形后加-n或-en
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.击败
破坏
驾驶
吃
落下
给
生长
知道
吹
beat
break
drive
eat
fall
give
grow
know
blow
beat
brok e
drove
ate
fell
gave
grew
knew
blew
beaten
brok en
driven
e at en
fallen
given
gr own
known
blown
2)三种形式都有变化
1.是be(is,am,are)was/were been
2.开始begin began begun
3.做do did done
4.喝drink drank drunk
5.飞fly flew flown
6.忘记forget forgot forgotten(forgot)
7.躺lie lay lain
8.骑ride r ode ridden
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.扔
展示
弄错
拿
摇动
throw threw thrown
show show ed shown
mistake mistook mistake
n
tak e took tak en
shak e shook shak en
9.打电话ring rang rung
10.唱sing sang su ng
11.穿wear wore worn
12.游泳swim swam swum
13.写write wrote written
14.去go went gone
15.
16.说
选择
speak
choose
spok e
chose
spok en
chosen
Grammar
一、现在完成时的构成
现在完成时的构成:助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词
过去分词的构成方法如下:
A:1.一般情况下,直接在动词原形后面加–ed.
worked answered o bey ed want ed
2.以不发音的-e结尾的动词只加–d.
mo ved hoped divided
3.字尾是辅音+y的动词。则将y改i加ed.
studied tidied satisfied
4.以重读闭音节结尾的词,这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个辅音字母,再加–ed.stopped r egr etted dropped
B:Learn the verb list on P122.
二、现在完成时的用法
1、现在完成时的"完成用法"
现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束,但该动作对现在产生了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系。
例如:He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。
(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。)
现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续,因此,该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如:already,yet,before,recently等)、频度时间状语(如:never,ever,once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如:this morning/month /year...,today等)连用。
例如:Have you found your pen yet?你已找到你的钢笔了吗?
2、现在完成时的"未完成用法"
现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去。
例如:1.He has lived here since1978/he mov ed here.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。)
2.I have been in the army for mo r e than5years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。(动作开始于5年前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去。)
此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导),或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如:up to now,so far到目前为止)等。例如:I have hear d nothing from him up to now.
到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。
三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
(1)一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式,而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是"助动词have /has+过去分词"。
如:The film started at7o'clock.He has been a teacher for many years.
(2)一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday,last week,two years ago, just now,in2002等;而现在完成时则常与just,already,ever,never等副词和these days,this week,since...,for.../since...ago/up to now/so far等表示一段时间的状语连用。
(3)一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情,不强调对"现在"产生的影响。
如:He visited Guilin in1998.他1998年参观过桂林。(只说明去桂林的时间)
现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。如:Jill has bought a new computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)
看看以下的几组句子,有什么区别?
(A)Have you seen the film?(B)Did you see the film?
[说明]你看过这部电影吗?(A)句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解;(B)句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过,并不强调是否知道其内容。
(A)He has lived in Beijing for8years.(B)He lived in Beijing for8years.
[说明]他在北京住了8年。(A)句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了8年,可能还会继续在北京住下去。(B)句讲的是他在北京住过8年,现在不在北京了。