写作常用词语高级替换系列总结
??????写作常用词语高级替换系列--褒义形容词
重要的 (important [?m'p??t(?)nt])
vital ['va?t(?)l]
【例句】She had found out some information of vital importance.
【翻译】她已经发现了一些至关重要的信。
crucial ['kru??(?)l]
【例句】It is crucial that the problem is tackled immediately.
【翻译】立即着手解决这个问题是至关重要的。
prominent ['pr?m?n?nt]
【例句】This considerable increase in investment played a prominent role in fueling economic growth.
【翻译】投资的较大幅度增加,对拉动经济增长发挥了明显作用。
cardinal ['kɑ?d(?)n(?)l]
【例句】Respect for life is a cardinal principle of English law.
【翻译】尊重生命是英国法律最重要的原则。
优秀的 (good [g?d])
excellent ['eks(?)l(?)nt]
【例句】She has always had a high reputation for her excellent short stories.
【翻译】她一直因其优秀的短篇小说享有很高的声望。
outstanding [a?t'st?nd??]
【例句】The girl who won the scholarship was quite outstanding.
【翻译】得奖学金的女孩是相当优秀的。
extraordinary [?k?str??dnri]
【例句】Her strength of will was extraordinary.
【翻译】她的意志力是非凡的。
remarkable [r?'mɑ?k?b(?)l]
【例句】The economic diplomacy of China is characterized by distinctive features and remarkable achievements.
【翻译】中国的经济外交具有鲜明的特点和卓越的成就。
有趣的 (interesting ['?nt(?)r?st??])
amusing [?'mju?z??]
【例句】Do not hesitate to laugh at anything you find amusing.
【翻译】只要觉得好笑就尽管笑。
entertaining [ent?'te?n??]
【例句】This is an entertaining yet thought-provoking film.
【翻译】这部电影令人捧腹，却又发人深省。
engaging [?n'ge?d???]
【例句】His engaging personality made him popular with his peers.
【翻译】他迷人的个性使他深受同龄人的喜爱。
有活力的 (energetic [,en?'d?et?k])
dynamic [da?'n?m?k]
【例句】South Asia continues to be the most dynamic economic region in the world.
【翻译】南亚仍然是世界上最具活力的经济区。
vigorous ['v?g(?)r?s]
【例句】We urge vigorous action to be taken immediately.
【翻译】我们强烈要求立即采取有力措施。
animated ['?n?me?t?d]
【例句】His observations gave rise to an animated and lively discussion.
【翻译】他的言论引起了一场气氛热烈而活跃的讨论。
充足的（abundant [?'b?nd(?)nt]）
ample ['?mp(?)l]
【例句】Agriculture has developed rapidly, thus providing light industry with ample raw materials.
【翻译】农业迅速发展, 从而为轻工业提供了充足的原料。
plentiful ['plent?f?l]
【例句】Hot climate and plentiful rainfall favor the growth of plants.
【翻译】炎热的气候和充足的雨水有助于植物生长
。
generous ['d?en(?)r?s]
【例句】No one is expecting a very generous pay increase this year.
【翻译】没有人指望今年会有大幅度的工资增长。
勇敢的 （brave [bre?v]）
courageous [k?'re?d??s]
【例句】The pioneers are courageous indeed, overcoming one difficulty after another.
【翻译】这些开拓者的确有勇气, 他们克服了一个又一个的困难。
bold [b??ld]
【例句】Big, successful moves need bold, masterful managers.
【翻译】重大而成功的举措需要既大胆又善于控制局势的经理来实施。
fearless ['f??l?s]
【例句】To go in for technical innovation, one must have the fearless spirit of a pathbreaker.
【翻译】搞技术革新就要有一股不怕困难的闯劲。
合理的 (reasonable ['ri?z(?)n?b(?)l])
sound [sa?nd]
【例句】She gave me some very sound advice.
【翻译】她给了我一些非常合理的建议。
rational ['r??(?)n(?)l]
【例句】There is no rational explanation for his actions.
【翻译】对他的所作所为无法作出合理的解释。
sensible ['sens?b(?)l]
【例句】It would seem more sensible to apply standards flexibly rather than rigidly.
【翻译】灵活地运用标准比死守标准会显得更合情合理。
著名的 (famous ['fe?m?s])
renowned [r?'na?nd]
【例句】The region is renowned for its outstanding natural beauty.
【翻译】该地区以其无以伦比的自然风景闻名于世。
noticeable ['n??t?s?b(?)l]
【例句】The class has made noticeable improvement.
【翻译】这个班已有引人注目的进步。
notable ['n??t?b(?)l]
【例句】The book stands out as one of the notable landmarks in the progress of modern science.
【翻译】这部著作是现代科学发展史上著名的里程碑之一。
有益的（helpful ['helpf?l]）
favorable ['fe?v?r?bl]
【例句】Such events occur only when the external conditions are favorable.
【翻译】这种事情只有在外部条件有利时才会发生。
beneficial [ben?'f??(?)l]
【例句】It can be beneficial to share your feelings with someone you trust.
【翻译】向自己信任的人倾诉感情是很有益处的。
rewarding [r?'w??d??]
【例句】It is a very rewarding exercise to work this out oneself.
【翻译】独自解决这个问题是一次受益匪浅的锻炼。
?写作常用词语高级替换系列—中性形容词
许多 （many ['men?]）
numerous ['nju?m(?)r?s]
【例句】Numerous factories have sprung up in this once desolate area.
【翻译】过去这一带满目苍凉， 现在却有了无数的工厂。
a host of [h??st]
【例句】The special theory of relativity has raised a host of questions.
【翻译】狭义相对论引出了许多问题。
a multitude of ['m?lt?tju?d]
【例句】I was awed by the multitude of stars in the night sky.
【翻译】夜空中的繁星震撼了我。
不同的（di
fferent ['d?f(?)r(?)nt]）
various ['ve?r??s]
【例句】These data have been collected from various sources.
【翻译】这些数据是从各方面搜集来的。
a variety of [v?'ra??t?]
【例句】A variety of heavy industries grew up alongside the port.
【翻译】各种重工业沿着港口逐渐发展起来。
diverse [da?'v??s]
【例句】People hold diverse attitudes toward these new regulations.
【翻译】人们对于这些新规定抱有不同的态度。
普遍的（common ['k?m?n]）
commonplace ['k?m?nple?s]
【例句】Yet on the most commonplace occasion I can never know your thoughts.
【翻译】然而即便在最普通的场合我也琢摸不透你的心思。
universal [ju?n?'v??s(?)l]
【例句】Such problems are a universal feature of senior citizens.
【翻译】这类问题是老年人的通病。
pervasive [p?'ve?s?v]
【例句】It is the most pervasive compound on earth.
【翻译】它是地球上最普遍的化合物。
唯一的 （only ['??nl?]）
solely ['s??ll?]
【例句】Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.
【翻译】成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
unique [ju?'ni?k]
【例句】The examples are unique to this dictionary.
【翻译】这些例证是这部词典独有的。
merely ['m??l?]
【例句】You are merely reciting facts that you have learned by rote.
【翻译】你只是在背诵自己死记硬背下来的东西。
贫穷的（poor [p??]）
needy ['ni?d?]
【例句】Needy and handicapped people depend on government relief for their support.
【翻译】穷人和残疾人依靠政府的救济维持生计。
impoverished [?m'p?v?r??t]
【例句】The rural people have been impoverished by a collapsing economy.
【翻译】经济崩溃使农村地区的人们一贫如洗。
in poverty ['p?v?t?]
【例句】He was bred up in poverty.
【翻译】他是在贫苦的生活环境中长大的。
富裕的（rich [r?t?]）
wealthy ['welθ?]
【例句】All of them came from wealthy, upper class families.
【翻译】他们全部来自富有的上流社会家庭。
well-heeled ['wel'hi:ld]
【例句】Both families are reasonably well-heeled and comfortably-off.
【翻译】两家人都相当富有,都生活得很舒适。
well-to-do
【例句】She comes from a well-to-do family.
【翻译】她出身于一个小康之家。
大的 （big [b?g]）
vast [vɑ?st]
【例句】The pollution has already turned vast areas into a wasteland.
【翻译】污染已经使大片地区沦为不毛之地。
massive ['m?s?v]
【例句】We needed to reskill our workforce to cope with massive technological change.
【翻译】我们得让工人学习新技能，以应对巨大的技术变革。
enormous [?'n??m?s]
【例句】The enormous difficulty makes him cynical about the feasibility of the idea.
【翻译】巨大的困难让他
对这个主意是否可行持怀疑态度。
新的 (new [nju?])
brand new [br?nd]
【例句】Net Electronic Map has become a brand-new way for showing the geographic information.
【翻译】网上电子地图已成为一种全新的地理信息展示方式。
fresh [fre?]
【例句】The company seemed set to make a fresh start under a new broom.
【翻译】公司似乎准备在新任领导的带领下开创新局面。
novel ['n?v(?)l]
【例句】Protesters found a novel way of demonstrating against steeply rising oil prices.
【翻译】抗议者找到了抗议油价飞涨的新办法。
?写作常用词语高级替换系列—贬义形容词
不好的 (bad [b?d] )
undesirable [?nd?'za??r?b(?)l]
【例句】It was felt that the ageing of society was socially and economically undesirable.
【翻译】老龄化对于社会和经济的不良影响呈现出来了。
negative ['neg?t?v]
【例句】You can't learn anything with negative attitude.
【翻译】消极的态度会让你什么都学不到。
adverse ['?dv??s]
【例句】The expedition encountered adverse weather conditions.
【翻译】探险队遇到了不利的气候条件。
有害的（harmful ['hɑ?mf?l]）
damaging ['d?m?d???]
【例句】Many chemicals have a damaging effect on the environment.
【翻译】许多化学物质都会对环境有破坏性的影响。
ruinous ['ru??n?s]
【例句】The decision was to prove ruinous.
【翻译】后来证明这个决定造成了危害。
destructive [d?'str?kt?v]
【例句】Severe damage witnessed the destructive force of the storm.
【翻译】严重的损失表明了这场暴风雨的巨大破坏力。
困难的 （difficult [hɑ?d]）
demanding [d?'mɑ?nd??]
【例句】He found he could no longer cope with his demanding job.
【翻译】他发现自己已无力应对那份劳神费力的工作了。
laborious [l?'b??r??s]
【例句】They had the laborious task of cutting down the huge tree.
【翻译】他们接受了伐大树的艰苦工作。
formidable ['f??m?d?b(?)l]
【例句】He took on the formidable task of reforming the whole system.
【翻译】他承担起改革整个系统的艰巨任务。
无聊的（boring ['b??r??]）
dull [d?l]
【例句】The conference was deadly dull.
【翻译】会议开得死气沉沉的。
tiresome ['ta??s(?)m]
【例句】I find it very tiresome doing the same job day after day.
【翻译】日复一日做相同的工作让我觉得非常无聊。
tedious ['ti?d??s]
【例句】He that can read and meditate will not find his evenings long or life tedious.
【翻译】会读书和思考的人不会感到长夜无聊或者生活乏味。
忧虑的（worried ['w?r?d]）
anxious ['??(k)??s]
【例句】He was anxious about the enormity of the task ahead.
【翻译】他为眼前任务的艰巨性而担忧。
apprehensive [?pr?'hens?v]
【例句】The long delay had made me quite apprehensive.
【翻译】长时间的耽搁使我相当焦虑。
fraught [fr??t]
【例句】It has been a somewhat fraught day.
【翻译】这是令人颇为担忧的一天。
沮丧的 （sad [s?d]）
depressed [d?'prest]
【例句】She felt very depressed about the future.
【翻译】她感到前途无望。
gloomy ['glu?m?]
【例句】They found him in gloomy, downbeat mood.
【翻译】他们发现他情绪低落，无精打采。
frustrated [fr?'stre?t?d]
【例句】Both sides in the dispute appeared very frustrated at the lack of progress.
【翻译】争执双方因事情毫无进展而显得十分沮丧。
怀疑的 （doubtful ['da?tf?l]）
skeptical ['skept?k?l]
【例句】Many were skeptical about this solution.
【翻译】许多人对这一解决办法表示怀疑。
suspicious [s?'sp???s]
【例句】Most organizations are, quite understandably, suspicious of new ideas.
【翻译】大多数机构对新想法持怀疑态度，这不难理解。
incredulous [?n'kredj?l?s]
【例句】She gave me an incredulous glance.
【翻译】她表示怀疑地向我瞥了一眼。
?写作常用词语高级替换系列—副词
非常 （very ['ver?]）
exceedingly [?k'si?d??l?]
【例句】The child has skipped to the third grade as he did exceedingly well in his studies.
【翻译】这孩子因成绩优异而越级升入三年级。
extremely [?k'stri?ml?]
【例句】He had been extremely tactful in dealing with the financial question.
【翻译】他在处理这个财务问题时很有分寸。
considerably [k?n's?d(?)r?bl?]
【例句】The need for sleep varies considerably from person to person.
【翻译】不同的人对睡眠的需要差异相当大。
尤其 (especially [?'spe?(?)l?])
specially ['spe??l?]
【例句】It will be hard to work today---specially when it’s so warm and sunny outside.
【翻译】今天无心工作——尤其是外面这样风和日丽。
notably ['n??t?bl?]
【例句】Some subjects are very popular among students, notably computer science.
【翻译】一些课程在学生当中是非常受欢迎的，尤其是计算机课。
particularly [p?'t?kj?l?l?]
【例句】Traffic is bad, particularly in the city center.
【翻译】交通状况很差，尤其实在市中心。
立即 （immediately [?'mi?d??tl?]）
directly [d?'rektl?]
【例句】Tell them I’ll be there directly.
【翻译】告诉他们我一会就到。
instantly ['?nst(?)ntl?]
【例句】The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.
【翻译】那位外交官插进一个笑话,紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
promptly ['pr?m(p)tl?]
【例句】She promptly seized the opportunity his absence gave her.
【翻译】她立即抓住了因他不在场给她创造的机会。
明显地（clearly ['kl??l?]）
obviously
['?bv??sl?]
【例句】Obviously, they've had sponsorship from some big companies.
【翻译】很显然，他们已经得到某些大公司的赞助。
apparently [?'p?r?ntl?]
【例句】Apparently they are getting divorced soon.
【翻译】看样子，他们很快就要离婚。
evidently ['ev?d(?)ntl?]
【例句】Ellis evidently wished to negotiate downwards after Atkinson had set the guidelines.
【翻译】埃利斯显然希望在阿特金森制定了指导方针后继续往下协商。
确定地 (certainly ['s??t(?)nl?])
definitely ['def?n?tl?]
【例句】I definitely remember sending the letter.
【翻译】我记得这封信肯定发出去了。
undoubtedly [?n'da?t?dl?]
【例句】Mr. Brooke is undoubtedly in a spot of bother.
【翻译】布鲁克先生肯定遇到了点小麻烦。
decidedly [d?'sa?d?dl?]
【例句】He made all the other players on the field look decidedly ordinary.
【翻译】他使场上所有其他运动员都黯然失色。
完全地 （totally ['t??t?l?]）
completely [k?m'pli?tl?]
【例句】This newspaper gave a completely different slant on the tax reform.
【翻译】这家报纸对税制改革持有完全不同的看法。
absolutely ['?bs?lu?tl?]
【例句】At the end of a day’s teaching, her nerves were absolutely shattered.
【翻译】教了一天课，她精疲力竭。
entirely [?n'ta??l?]
【例句】An entirely rigid system is impractical.
【翻译】一套完全死板的体制是不实际的。
广泛地 (widely)
generally ['d?en(?)r?l?]
【例句】The plan was generally welcomed.
【翻译】该计划大受欢迎。
extensively [ik'stensivli]
【例句】She has travelled extensively.
【翻译】她游历甚广。
universally [ju?n?'v??s?l?]
【例句】The scale of the problem is now universally recognized.
【翻译】现在全世界的人都已认识到了这个问题的严重性。
?写作常用词语高级替换系列——名词
事情（thing [θ??]）
①business [?b?zn?s]
【例句】I've got some unfinished business to attend to.
【翻译】我还有一些未完的事要处理。
②issue ['??u?]
【例句】Is it right for the Church to express a view on political issues?
【翻译】教会对政治问题发表看法是否恰当？
③affair [?'fe?]
【例句】The government has mishandled the whole affair.
【翻译】政府对整个事件处理不当。
④matter ['m?t?]
【例句】Until the matter is resolved the athletes will be ineligible to compete.
【翻译】除非这个问题得以解决，否则这些运动员没有资格参加比赛。
优点（advantage [?d'vɑ?nt?d?]）
①virtue ['v??tju?]
【例句】The chair has the virtue of being adjustable.
【翻译】这种椅子具有可调节的优点。
②merit ['mer?t]
【例句】They have been persuaded of the merits of peace.
【翻译】他们被劝
服，认识到了和平的好处。
③benefit ['ben?f?t]
【例句】The benefit of an x-ray far outweighs the minutely increased risk of cancer.
【翻译】X光检查的好处远远大于其在很小程度上增加的罹患癌症的风险。
缺点 (disadvantage [d?s?d'vɑ?nt?d?])
①shortcoming ['???tk?m??]
【例句】Marriages usually break down as a result of the shortcomings of both partners.
【翻译】婚姻常因为配偶双方的缺点而破裂。
②drawback ['dr?,b?k]
【例句】He felt the apartment's only drawback was that it was too small.
【翻译】他觉得这个公寓唯一的缺点就是太小了。
③defect ['di?fekt]
【例句】A report has pointed out the defects of the present system.
【翻译】一份报告指出了当前体制存在的毛病。
④demerit [di?'mer?t]
【例句】The committee are looking at the merits and demerits of the proposal.
【翻译】委员会正在评判该提议的优缺点。
错误 (mistake [m?'ste?k])
①fault [f??lt]
【例句】It is a big fault to think that you can learn how to manage people in business school.
【翻译】以为在商学院能学会如何管理人是一大错误。
②error ['er?]
【例句】She went through the typescript carefully to eliminate all errors from it.
【翻译】她认真地检查了打字稿, 排除了所有的错误。
③fallacy ['f?l?s?]
【例句】It exposes the fallacy of short-term industrial gain at long-term environmental expense.
【翻译】这暴露了以长久的环境破坏为代价换取短期工业利益的错误。
名声（fame [fe?m]）
①reputation [repj?'te??(?)n]
【例句】He tried to lie away her reputation.
【翻译】他极力以谎言毁损她的名誉。
②renown [r?'na?n]
【例句】His renown has spread throughout the country.
【翻译】他的名声已传遍全国。
③prestige [pre'sti?(d)?]（强调好的名声）
【例句】Their products enjoy ever higher prestige in the world market.
【翻译】他们的产品在世界市场上享有越来越高的声誉。
能力 （ability [?'b?l?t?]）
①capacity [k?'p?s?t?]
【例句】Her mental capacity and temperament are as remarkable as his.
【翻译】她的才智和气质和他一样出众。
②capability [ke?p?'b?l?t?]
【例句】Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.
【翻译】他难以胜任组织整个部门的任务。
③competence ['k?mp?t(?)ns]
【例句】This mess is a poor reflection on his competence.
【翻译】这种混乱情况说明他难当此任。
顶点（top [t?p]）
①climax ['kla?m?ks]
【例句】It was the climax to 24 hours of growing anxiety.
【翻译】24小时里不断加重的焦虑在那一刻达到顶点。
②peak [pi?k]
【例句】Traffic reaches its peak between 8 and 9 in the morning.
【翻译】上午8、9点钟之间是交通高峰期。
③zenith ['z?n?θ]
【例句】His ca
reer is now at its zenith.
【翻译】他的事业现在处于鼎盛时期。
?写作常用词语高级替换系列——动词
1. 认为 (think [θ??k])
①deem [di?m]
【例句】I deem it advisable to purchase the shares in the railway now.
【翻译】我认为现在购买铁路股票是明智的。
②reckon ['rek(?)n]
【例句】I reckon she has good reason to feel smug.
【翻译】我认为她洋洋得意必有其缘故。
③maintain [me?n'te?n]
【例句】She maintains that the accusation is groundless.
【翻译】她坚称该指控是毫无根据的。
2. 解决（solve [s?lv]）
①tackle ['t?k(?)l]
【例句】I don't know how to tackle this problem.
【翻译】我不知道该如何处理这个问题。
②cope with [k??p]
【例句】We have taken on extra staff to cope with the increased workload.
【翻译】我们已经额外雇用员工来应付增加了的工作量。
③dispose of [d?'sp??z]
【例句】You did us a great favor by disposing of that problem.
【翻译】你解决了那个问题，可算是帮了我们一个大忙。
3. 提高（improve [?m'pru?v]）
①enhance [?n'hɑ?ns]
【例句】They'll be keen to enhance their reputation abroad.
【翻译】他们会非常渴望提高他们在国外的声誉。
②boost [bu?st]
【例句】We need a big win to boost our confidence.
【翻译】我们需要大胜一场来增强信心。
③elevate ['el?ve?t]
【例句】Good books may elevate the mind.
【翻译】好书可以提高思想修养。
4. 激励 (encourage [?n'k?r?d?])
①motivate ['m??t?ve?t]
【例句】Stock options are a good way to motivate employees to work harder.
【翻译】股票选择权是激励员工更努力工作的好方法。
②stimulate ['st?mj?le?t]
【例句】They counted on foreign investment to stimulate their economy.
【翻译】他们想依靠外国投资来刺激他们的经济。
③inspire [?n'spa??]
【例句】Her work didn’t exactly inspire me with confidence.
【翻译】她的工作并没有真正的使我产生信心。
5. 引起 （cause [k??z]）
①result in
【例句】The flood resulted in a considerable reduction in production.
【翻译】这次洪水造成相当大的减产。
②give rise to
【例句】So many things concurred to give rise to the problem.
【翻译】许多事情同时发生而导致了这一问题。
③trigger ['tr?g?]
【例句】The current recession was triggered by a slump in consumer spending.
【翻译】目前的经济衰退是由消费支出骤跌引起的。
6. 完成 (finish ['f?n??])
①fulfill [ful'fil]
【例句】Unless we make a move soon, we shall not be able to fulfill our plan.
【翻译】如果不赶快采取行动, 我们就不能完成计划了。
②accomplish [?'k?mpl??]
【例句】Though the task was difficult, they managed to accomplish it in time.
【翻译】尽管任务困
难, 他们仍按时完成了。
③complete [k?m'pli?t]
【例句】He pulled out all the stops to complete the work in time.
【翻译】他竭尽全力及时完成了工作。
7. 支持（support [s?'port?bl]）
①advocate ['?dv?ke?t]
【例句】We advocate solving international dispute by negotiation, instead of appealing to arms.
【翻译】我们主张通过协商解决国际争端, 而不主张诉诸武力。
②argue for ['ɑ?gju?]
【例句】Do directors see new risks that argue for a different approach?
【翻译】董事们有没有看到可能支持不同做法的新风险?
③in favour of ['fe?v?]
【例句】The majority voted in favor of the proposal.
【翻译】多数人投票赞成这项提案。
8. 反对 (object ['?bd??kt])
①argue against ['ɑ?gju?]
【例句】Three considerations argue against increasing fee.
【翻译】三种理由反对增加费用。
②be opposed to [?'p??zd]
【例句】Mr Clarke has shown himself to be resolutely opposed to compromise.
【翻译】克拉克先生已表示自己坚决反对妥协。
③frown on [fra?n]
【例句】He would frown on such a proposal.
【翻译】他不会赞成这样的建议。