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自考英语写作

自考“英语写作”精讲复习（1）

绝密

一、《英语写作》课程简介

《英语写作》是英语专业本科段一门重要的实践课程，是英语专科阶段英语写作基础的继续。

我认为《英语写作》和《英语写作阶段的》是英语写作的两个层次，即遣词造句和布局谋篇两个层次。前者更多地注重语言形式，以句子、段落为写作核心，后者注重整篇文章的结构合理，脉络清晰，强调整体感。因此《英语写作》学习要特别注意英语篇章结构的把握。《英语写作》重点教授的是如何用英语写好记叙文、描写文、说明文以及议论文等，而其中又以说明文和议论文为中心。

《英语写作》考核重点

《英语写作》的考核目标和出题原则在《考试大纲》中有明确的阐述。根据历年考题看，考核重点有以下三点：

1. 应考生能写出内容充实，具有一定广度和深度的说明文和议论文;

2. 要熟练掌握提纲及提要;

3. 写作速度每小时250-300词。

《英语写作》备考方法

1. 注重过程，勤写多改

2. 布局谋篇，分析范文

3. 广泛阅读，多想善思

《英语写作》不同于其它像《英语词汇学》、《欧洲文化入门》等知识性课程，它是实践性的，技能性的课程。对于英语写作的学习不能像学习知识性课程那样，只记忆知识脉络，就可以了，它需要考生功在平时，勤写多改，锻炼自己英语基本能力;英语写作有自己的规律性。在有限的时间那，要从一些散乱的、突发的、只言片语的想法发展到一篇结构合理，逻辑清晰的文章谈何容易?因此，考生在平时就要注重写作过程的练习，自觉遵从写作的流程。英语写作是要遵循一定的过程的。并不是信手拈来，或是急就章。一般来讲，一篇英语文章的完成，要经过构思，整理，撰写大纲，一稿，二稿，终稿。学生要遵循英语写作流程，才会有长远的进步。只有把握住了写作流程，才会高屋建瓴，从总体上布局谋篇，而不是“只见树木，不见树林”。一些考生写作不打草稿，随性而致，势必会影响作文的质量，这是不可取的。

《英语写作》重视整篇文章的撰写，注意布局谋篇，因此考生要仔细阅读教材相关章节，详细分析范文，把理论和实践相结合，将理论深化，内化为自己的写作指南。能够做到见到文章能抽象出文章的结构，见到题目能理出自己的写作思路，框架和结构。这正是考试撰写大纲和文章写作的考核目的所在。因此，考生们要对英语典型的篇章结构了如指掌，做到心中有数。做题时方能游刃有余。

《英语写作》还需要考生善于把握当下热点问题，并能就此发表个人看法，因此广泛阅读，多想善思会对英语写作大有裨益。考生可以从其它英语课程或是英文报刊等英语资源中汲取好的词汇，语句，结构，甚至是好的观点为我所用。其次，写作和阅读密不可分，相辅相成;考试对补齐段落和撰写大纲的考察都需要较强的阅读能力作为后盾，如果文章理解都出现问题，何来对补齐段落和撰写大纲;对英语写作的结构的了解反过来可以帮助考生提高阅读理解能力，特别是把握文章总体思想的能力。考生若能细心研习，必会大受其益。

二、考试题型及分析

高等教育自学考试《英语写作》考试满分100分，考试时间为150分钟。全部题目用英文做答。其形式相对固定，大题有三项：

I. 补充段落

Supplying the missing paragraph (20 points)

The following passage is incomplete with one paragraph (introductory; body or conclusive) missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph missing paragraph of about 100 words. Make sure that the tone and vocabulary you use are in unity with the passage provided.

II. 撰写大纲

Write an outline (20 points)

Read the following passage carefully and compose a “sentence outline” for it. Sometimes the passage is from the textbook.

2. 题目位置：第一行居中。

3. 题目中单词的大小写 (Capitalization in titles)

每个单词的第一个字母要大写，但是下列除外：冠词，少于四个字母的介词，并列连词如and， or， but， nor， for， to 等。题目的第一个单词必须大写。

4. 题目中的标点(Punctuation in titles)

题目可以是问句;论文题目，直接引要加引号;书名要用斜体。

5. 段落缩进(The indention of each paragraph)

每段第一行要缩进4-5个字母;练习时，隔行写便于教师批阅。考试时，不必要。标点符号后要空格。

写作格式要求主要是一个习惯养成问题，考生在写作时要多加注意，养成习惯。

(二)撰写大纲的基本要求

撰写大纲是英语写作的重要一步，也是英语写作考试重点考察的内容之一。因此，考生应该给以足够的重视。大纲指的是一篇文章的总体结构。撰写大纲能力的高低反应考生总体把握英语篇章能力的强弱。在《英语写作》考试中，它有两种表现形式：一是根据文章写出其大纲;一是根据题目编写大纲，构思文章。前者是考试直接考察的，既考察大纲的形式也考察其内容。后者是间接考察的，即在文章写作一题中，考生在构思时所用的大纲。它是写好一篇文章的前提和基础。这里我们着重讲解撰写大纲的形式要求，而对如何针对文章撰写大纲的考试技巧和写作过程中的大纲撰写将在后面的章节中加以详细论述。

撰写

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