情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词和虚拟语气复习讲义

编写：胡志强情态动词和虚拟语气在高考中的热点依次是：(1)虚拟语气；(2)推测和可能性；(3)必要性及表示请求、允许、允诺。试题的立意不偏不怪，但是有效信息越来越隐蔽，情景越来越生动、真实，考查角度越来越细微化、综合化。

一．情态动词的基本用法

一、表能力

1．(江西高考)When I was a child, I ________ watch TV whenever I wanted to.

A．should B．Could C．must D．need

2．(湖南高考)He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.

A．wouldn't B．shouldn't C．couldn't D．mustn't

3．(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)I'm goin g to Europe on vacation together with John if I ________ find the money.

A．can B．might C．would D．need

①表示现在的能力：②表示将来的能力：

③表示过去的能力：

—No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.

—Oh, you are really his big fan.(湖南高考)

——在打篮球方面，无人能与姚明相媲美。——你真是姚明的铁杆粉丝。

二、表推测

1．(重庆高考)—What are you doing this Saturday?

—I'm not sure, but I ________ go to the Rolling Stones concert.

A．must B．Would C．should D．might

2．(安徽高考)It ________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.

A．may B．couldn't C．should D．needn't

3．(江西高考)It ________be the postman at the door.It's only six o'clock.

A．mustn't B．can't C．won't D．needn't

4．(北京高考)—Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.

—Ah, good morning. You ________ be Mrs. Peters.

A．might B．must C．would D．can

①肯定句：can表示客观上的可能，有时会；may/might/could表示可能；must表示一定；should/ought to表示应该/按说应该

②否定句：can't/couldn't表示不可能；may not/might not表示可能不；shouldn't/oughtn't to表示应该不会

③疑问句：can/could表示惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度

[点津]mustn't不表推测，而是表示禁止。

①It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can be rather cold

sometimes.(福建高考)我的家乡在三月份通常很暖和，但有时候也会相当冷。

②Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How can it be that he was late for the meeting? 布什先生做什么事情都很准时，他怎么可能开会迟到呢？

③—Let's visit Tom together, Stephen.

—There's no need to do so. He can't be at home, because I saw him board the flight to Beijing this morning.

——斯蒂芬，咱们一起去拜访汤姆吧。

——没必要这样做。他一定不在家，因为今天早晨我看见他登上了飞往北京的航班。

④—It's the office！So you must know eating is not allowed here.

—Oh, sorry.(湖南高考)——这是办公室！所以你一定知道这里不许吃东西。

——噢，对不起。

⑤There shouldn't be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have

practiced a lot in the driving school.

因为你在驾校训练了那么多，通过路考应该没什么困难。

三、表请求、建议、命令、允许、允诺、禁止、义务、责任

1．(上海高考)The new law states that people ________ drive after drinking alcohol.

A．wouldn't B．needn't C．won't D．mustn't

2．(辽宁高考)One of our rules is that every student ________ wear school uniform while at school.

A．might B．Could C．shall D．will

3．(辽宁高考)Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it ________ be regular exercise.

A．can B．Will C．must D．may

4．(四川高考)—________ I take the book out?

—I'm afraid not.

A．Will B．May C．Must D．Need

5．(全国卷Ⅰ)What do you mean, there are only ten tickets？There________be twelve.

A．should B．Would C．will D．shall

①请求对方允许时用

②主动提出帮忙或提出建议时用

③提出请求、问题、看法时用

④should/ought to shouldn't/oughtn't to ⑤may/can(可以)表示允许、许可

⑥must(必须)，mustn't

⑦shall

①You mustn't park here! It's an emergency exit.

(重庆高考)你不可以在这儿停车！这是紧急出口。

②—Will you read me a story, Mummy?

—OK. You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.(陕西高考)

——妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？

——好的，如果你尽快上床睡觉我就给你讲一个。

四、表必要性

1．(全国卷Ⅰ)I ________ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.

A．couldn't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．needn't

2．(福建高考)—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?

—I am afraid you ________，in case he comes late for the meeting.

A．will B．must C．may D．can

You don't have to buy a gift, but you can if you want to.(湖南高考)

你没必要买一个礼物，但是如果你想的话可以买一个。

五、表意愿、决心

1．(新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The door ________ op en, no m atter how hard she pushed.

A．shouldn't B．couldn't C．wouldn't D．mightn't

2．(江苏高考)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ________ say where he was.

A．mustn't B．shouldn't C．wouldn't D．mightn't

①—Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?

—I wanted to, but my mom simply would not let me out so late at night.(重庆高考) ——你昨晚为什么没有参加西蒙的聚会？

——我想去，但是妈妈不愿意让我自己在这么晚的时间出去。

②I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen.

我已再三告诉他戒烟，但是他就是不听。

二.情态动词＋have done

1．(辽宁高考)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He ________ too much at the party last night.

A．could drink B．should drink C．would have drunk D．must have drunk 2．(四川高考)—Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night.

—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.

A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．won't 3．(江西高考)We ________ have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.

A．may not B．needn't C．can't D．mustn't

4．(江苏高考)—Happy birthday!

—Thank you! It's the best present I________ for.

A．should have wished B．must have wished

C．may have wished D．could have wished

5．(全国卷Ⅰ)They ________have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.

A．will B．Can C．must D．should

6．(江苏高考)—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.

—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ________it.

A．will have stolen B．might have stolen

C．should have stolen D．must have stolen

7．(江苏高考)He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he________it differently.

A．could express B．would express

C．could have expressed D．must have expressed

情态动词＋have done 用法

must have done

can/could have done

can't/couldn't have done

may/might have done

should/ought to have done

needn't have done

①—Wang Yaping was the second woman to be sent into space in China.

—She must have gone through tough training.

——王亚平成为第二名被送入太空的中国女性。——她肯定受过艰苦的训练。

②Mark needn't have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.(天津高考)

马克本没必要那么匆忙。他以最快速度开车，结果早到了半个小时。

三．情态动词的其他常见用法

1．(天津高考)No one ________ be more generous; he has a heart of gold.

A．could B．must C．dare D．need

2．(陕西高考)I ________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.

A．won't B．can't C．can D．will

3．(重庆高考)—________ you interrupt now? Can't you see I'm on the phone?

—Sorry Sir, but it's urgent.

A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Would

①You can't be too careful while driving.开车时越小心越好。

②If you think the price of beef is too high, you may as well buy some pork. It depends on you.如果你认为牛肉太贵的话，你不妨买些猪肉。你自己决定。

③If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.(辽宁高考)

如果你非要走的话，至少等到暴风雨结束。

1．(南昌三中模拟)—Do you think Jack will lend us a hand?

—He is the last one to help others. He ________ lend his hand, though.

A．can B．Must C．should D．might

2．(潍坊市高三二模)Sometimes smiles ________ be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry.

A．must B．Should C．c an D．would

3．(西安市高三二模)—John looks a bit upset. Did you tell him the bad news?

—Yes, but I ________ him after his birthday party.

A．should have told B．must have told

C．shouldn't have told D．needn't have told

4．(重庆一中模拟)—Who ________ be phoning us at this time of night?

—It might be your sister.

A．might B．Can C．dare D．must

5．(河北衡水中学模拟)Some young people these days just ________ go out of their homes to contact the real world.

A．mustn't B．won't C．mightn't D．shouldn't

6．(济南一中模拟)—Where ________ Mary have put the empty bottles?

—She ________ them away. They must be somewhere.

A．can; can't have thrown B．must; needn't

C．must; must have thrown D．can; mustn't have thrown

一．虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的应用

1．(北京高考)If we ________ a table earlier, we wouldn't be standing here in a queue.

A．have booked B．Booked C．book D．had booked

2．(天津高考)If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he ________ able to speak it much better now.

A．will be B．would be C．has been D．would have been 3．(安徽高考)Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she ________ there, she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.

A．lives B．would live C．has lived D．were to live

4．(浙江高考)Had they known what was coming next, they ________ second thoughts.

A．may have B．could have

C．must have had D．might have had

类别从句谓语动词主句谓语动词

与现在事实相反

与过去

事实相反

与将来事实相反

if省略句

混合

条件句

含蓄

条件句

①I should not have laughed if I had thought you were serious.(2013·江苏高考)如果我当时认为你是认真的，我就不会笑了。

②I would have come sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.(2011·天津高考)我本该早一些到，但我不知道他们在等我。

③Had I k nown about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved.(浙江高考)如果我了解这种电脑程序的话，就可以节省大量的时间和精力。

④This printer is of good quality. If it should break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.(天津高考)这台打印机质量很好，如果第一年出现问题，我们免费为您维修。

二．虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用

1．(浙江高考)Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam ________ at the age of six months old.

A．was B．be C．were D．is

2．(北京高考)—Where are the children? The dinner's going to be completely ruined.

—I wish they______always late.

A．weren't B．hadn't been C．wouldn't be D．wouldn't have been

1．wish后面宾语从句的虚拟语气

与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来事实相反

I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.

我希望我是一只小鸟，能在天空自由飞翔。

2．表示主张、命令、建议、要求等词后的宾语从句和同位语从句中常用“(should＋)动词原形”结构。

[点津]当insist表示“坚持认为；坚持说”；suggest表示“暗示，表明”时后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。

①The young man insisted that he did nothing wrong and should be set free at once.这个年轻人坚持认为他没有做错，应该马上被释放。

②The girl's pale face suggested that she was ill and I suggested that she go to see the doctor at once.这个女孩苍白的脸色表明她病了，我建议她马上去看医生。

③Teachers recommend parents not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.(福建高考)老师们建议父母，为了安全不要让他们12岁以下的孩子骑车上学。

三．虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用

1．(辽宁高考)Jack is a great talker. It's high time that he ________ something instead of just talking.

A．will do B．has done C．do D．did

2．(北京高考)Don't handle the vase as if it ________ made of steel.

A．is B．Were C．has been D．had been

3．(江苏高考)George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he ________ more on its culture.

A．focus B．focused C．would focus D．had focused

1．would rather所接从句时

2．My brother spends most of time on computer games. I'd rather he devoted himself to his study.我弟弟的大部分时间都用在玩电脑游戏了，我宁愿他全身心投入到学习中。

2．It's (high/about) time (that) ...句型中

It's high time that measures should be taken to prevent air pollution.

是时候采取措施防止空气污染了。

3．虚拟语气在as if引导的状语从句中的应用

表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。

He stood up and offered her his seat, as if he had read her mind.

他站起来给她让座，他好像读懂了她的心思。

4．虚拟语气在if only感叹句中的应用

if only后面的谓语动词常用一般过去时(对现在虚拟)或过去完成时(对过去虚拟)与过去将来时(对将来虚拟)，表示强烈的愿望。

①It's really a good chance. If only I could go there!

真是个好机会。我能去那儿该多好啊！

②Look at the trouble we are in. If only we had taken our teacher's advice!

看看我们所处的困境，要是我们当初听从老师的建议该有多好！

1．(陕西师大附中模拟)If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river ________ so seriously now.

A．is not polluted B．would not be polluted

C．had not been polluted D．would not have been polluted

2．(天津南开中学高三二模) ________ it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.

A．Were B．Should C．Would D．Will

3．(成都七中考前模拟)We were stuck on the way to the scenic spot, otherwise we ________ lots of fun there.

A．had had B．have had C．could have had D．could have 4．(辽宁师范大学附中模拟)Fortunately it happened at night. If the hurricane ________ during the daytime, there ________ more deaths.

A．had happened; would have been B．happened; would be

C．had happened; would be D．happened; would have been

5．(2013·哈师大附中高三二模)If only I ________ more confidence in the English speech contest held last week!

A．would have B．had C．had had D．have

情态动词与虚拟语气

情态动词与虚拟语气 【语法要点】 情态动词 所谓情态动词是指它含有一定的含义，可以表达某种感情和说话的语气，但是它不可以单独使用 作谓语动词。学习情态动词主要学习英语国家的语言习惯和表达法，特别是在口语中不要过分追求原理，更不要不根据说话场合而进行推理，编造出一些语法结构正确的中文式英语。 一、情态动词的类型 1.只作情态动词的有：must、can、could、may、might、ought to 2.既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有：need、dare 3.既可作情态动词又可作助动词的有：shall、should、will、would 二、情态动词的特征 1.表示说话人的情感态度，不能单独作谓语，与行为动词或连系动词一起作谓语。 2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 3.具有助动词的特征：可用来构成否定句、疑问句或简短答语。 三、情态动词的用法 1.表示能力 （1）表示现在的能力，用can 或be able to。表示一般的能力时多用can，表示“经过努力成功 的做成某事”用be able to。 （2）表示过去的能力，用could或was/were be able to。区别同上。 （3）表示将来的能力，用will be able to。 2.表示推测、可能性 （1）can 用在肯定句中表示客观的可能性，而不表示具体事情实际发生的可能性。 例如：Accidents can happy on such rainy days. （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的情态动词，其表示可能性的层次如下表： 情态动词肯定式否定式疑问式 must 必定、必然、一定 will 很可能、大概不会、不该会,,吗？ would 可能性较will 小不会、不该（较won’t 弱）会,,吗？（较will 弱） should 应该会、理应（表示合乎理想的情况或结果） ought to 与should 同义 can 一定不会、不可能（否定推测）有可能吗？ could 可疑的可能不可能（与can’t 同义）有可能吗？（较can 弱）may 或许、可能、说不定可能不 might 或许、可能（较may 弱）可能不（较may not 弱） 注意→（1）may，must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句。 （2）can 常用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思。could 既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。

情态动词虚拟语气练习及答案

@ 情态动词和虚拟语气 1. Jack descried his father, who ________a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wiled man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ） 2. —Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You _______ be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can recommend parents _______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. ~ A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow 4. You_______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 5. —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry. You________ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_w w. k#s 6. I have told you the truth I keep repeating it A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will ~ 7. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. A. can B. will C. must D. may 8. Just be patient. You ________ expect the world to change so soon. A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not 9. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ________ see you now. He’s busy. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 10. I _______ have watched that movie—it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t < 11. –May I take this book out of the reading room –No, you . You read it in here. A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 12. —Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. — Oh, you _________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 13. — _______ I take the book out —I'm afraid not. *

2018年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气 含答案

专题六情态动词和虚拟语气 1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer? —It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone. A .may B .can C . must D .dare 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了.我女儿一个人在家.A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢.结合句意，故选C. 【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析 【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境. 2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it. A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信.根据后半句wouldn’t have believed 可以判断是对过去的虚拟.所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式.故选D. 【考点定位】虚拟语气 【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气. 3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. A.d idn’t write B. hadn’t written C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器.根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句

情态动词与虚拟语气

一．情态动词 1.---Could I borrow your dictionary? ----Yes,of course you_____. A.might B. will C. can D. should 2.---Shall we go skating or stay at home? ----Which _____do yourself? A.do you rather B.would you rather C.will you rather D.should you rather 3.It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___be here at any moment. A. must B need C should D can 4.A computer __think for itself ,it must be told what to do. A. can’t B couldn’t C may not D might 5. Johnny,you ___play with the knife.You ___hurt yourself. A.won’t ;can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t 6.—Shall I tell John about it? -----No,you _____.I’ve told him already. A. needn’t B.wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 7.---Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. ----______. A.I don’t B.I won’t C.I can’t D.I haven’t 8.He ____you more help,even though he was busy. A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give 9.----There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. ---It ___a comfortbable journey. A.can’t be B.shouldn’t be C.mustn’t have been D.couldn’t have been 10.I told Sally how to get there ,but perhaps I ___for her. A.had to write it out B.must to have written it out C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out 11.---When can I come for photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon. ---They ___be ready by 12:00. A.can B. should C might D need 12.---I stayed at a hotel while in New York. ----Oh,did you?You ____with Barbara. A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed 13.-----Alice, you feed the bird today.____? -----But I fed it yesterday. A.do you B.will you C.didn’t you D.don’t you 14.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____get out. A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could

情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词和虚拟语气 情态动词的用法要点 一、表能力 Can Am/is/are able to 表现在的能力 Will be able to 表将来的能力 could Was/were able to 表过去得能力 Could have+过去分词：表示过去有能力做但未做 二、表推测（可能性） 1.可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及 具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can一般不用于肯定句。 Accidents can happen on such rainy days. We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet. 2.表示具体事情实际发生的可能性： （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may, must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not 表示“可能不”）；can常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could既可用于肯定句又可用于否定句、疑问句中。 This can’t/ couldn’t be done by him. This may not be done by him. He could be on his way home now. Can this be done by him? Mr Mush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep. ---Are you coming to Jeff’party? ---I’m not sure. I might go to the concert instead. (3) would, could, should, might 并不一定与过去时间有关，而表示可能性弱于它们相应的现在时形式。 This may/ might be done by him. (4)should 表推测时，表示确定或可能有的未来或期望，即合乎理想的情况或结果 He ought to/ should be here on time---he started early enough. We should arrive before dark. The roads should be less crowded today. 三、表示请求、允许、允诺 1.当对方是决策者时，你代表你（们）自己（I, we），或代表第三者（he she they）向对方（you）请示或提 出建议时用：

2018年专四真题虚拟语气和情态动词 章振邦语法书页数标注

Subjunctive mood (P122, p. 129. P 143 动词过去完成体P181-190, 395)条件句 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.” The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. (p128) 2017 A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness V. in specific contexts, the simple past can also denote the present or the future time. There are two uses. One is known as the attitudinal past (属于“表态性过去时” (attitudinal past), 即表示说话人当前的试探性态度, 而非过去时间, 多用于表示意愿或心理状态的动词) , that is , the past tense is associated with the present time in independent clauses expressing a question, request or suggestion. Its effect is to make the question/request/suggestion less direct, implying a polite, somewhat tentative attitude试探性态度，婉转语气on the part of the speaker. A: Did you want me? B.Yes, I wondered if you could give me some help . Want, wonder, think, hope

情态动词和虚拟语气

要点一情态动词的基本用法 ,could 【温馨提示】 can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 ,might 【温馨提示】 may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 ,would 【温馨提示】 would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。

,should,ought to ,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must的问句时,否定回答通常用needn’t或don’t have to。(2) mustn’t表示“禁止;不许”;而don’t have to表示“不必”。(3) must只有一种形式,而have to有人称、时态的变化。 的用法 的用法

【温馨提示】 (1)dare用作情态动词有dare,dared两种形式。 (2)dare用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to可省去,但dare以动词-ing形式出现时,不定式符号to不能省略。 要点二“情态动词+have done ”的用法 have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can’t/cannot have done。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just can’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 have done意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 might have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done意为“可能没有做……”。 It’s no use going to his may not have gone may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 ought to have done表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to

情态动词和虚拟语气

谓语动词(情态动词、虚拟语气) 要点一情态动词的基本用法 【温馨提示】can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 2.may,might 【温馨提示】may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 【温馨提示】would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。 4.shall,should,ought to

5.must,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must 的问句时,否定回答通常用 needn ’t 或don ’t have to 。(2) mustn ’t 表示“禁止;不许”;而don ’t have to 表示“不必”。(3) must 只有一种形式,而have to 有人称、时态的变化。 7.dare 的用法 【温馨提示】 (1)dare 用作情态动词有dare,dared 两种形式。 (2)dare 用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to 可省去,但dare 以动词-ing 形式出现时,不定式符号to 不能省略。 要点二 “情态动词+have done ”的用法 1.must have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can ’t/cannot have done 。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just now.He can ’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 2.could have done 意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn ’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 3.may/might have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done 意为“可能没有做……”。 It ’s no use going to his house.He may not have gone home.He may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。 他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 4.should/ought to have done 表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to have done 表示“本不该做某事却做了”。

(完整版)含有情态动词的虚拟语气

“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做” 1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。 2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。 请看相关知识点： 一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。 2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。 二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。 1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。 2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。 三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。 1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？ 2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？ 四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。 五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。 —What has happened to George? —I don't know. He may have got lost. —乔治发生了什么事？

情态动词和虚拟语气

高效演练·跟踪检测区 语法填空 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 Long ago, there was a mother and a son living in a house. She worked hard every day, but they were always poor. One day, her son stol e his friend’s bag. “Mom, 1. do you think of this bag? ”His mother 2. (scold)him, but she didn’t. “It looks great! ” The next time, he stole an overcoat. She praised him again after he stole it. A few years later, he grew up to be 3. young man. He stole jewelry and brought them to his mother. “How beautiful! ”This time, she did not scold her son again. Then, 4. he was pleased by his mother, he started to steal 5. (expensive)things. One day, the police caught him. Before putting him in jail, he begged the police to meet his mother. They took 6. to his mother. As soon as he saw his mother, he hit her ear lobe. “Ouch! What’s the matter with you? ”She finally scolded him. Her son answered, “If you 7. (give)me a scolding like that when I stole the first bag, I could not have become a thief. ” She collapsed as she looked at her son 8. (head)for the prison. “If only I 9. turn back time, I would scold him 10. (severe). ”Sh e regretted that she had always praised him, whatever he did.

2019年高考英语真题专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气

三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编 专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气 一、2019年高考真题 1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together. A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。 2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time. A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。 二、2018年高考真题 1.【2018·江苏】24. It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A. would B. should C. could D. might 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。 点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯

情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词和虚拟语气 1. --- I haven't got the reference book yet, but I'll have a test on the subject next month. --- Don't worry. You_______ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may 2. --- I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. --- How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone_______ it. A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen 3. --- She looks very happy. She_______ have passed the exam. --- I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might 4. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture. A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused 5. --- I’m sorry. I _______ at you the other day. --- Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted 6. --- ________the plane have taken off on time? --- I'm afraid not. So many flights were delayed due to the bitterly cold weather. A. Need B. Should C. Can D. Must 7. --- I didn't attend Tom's wedding yesterday. --- I _________, either, if my friend hadn't reminded me. A. wouldn't B. wouldn't have C. didn't D. hadn't 8. We’re still at the airport. If it weren’t for the delayed flight, we ___________ the concert right now. A. can be enjoying B. must have enjoyed C. would be enjoying D. should have enjoyed 9. For environmental reasons, we _____________ as well take these waste products and have them recycled.

2017-2019高考英语真题分类解析---情态动词和虚拟语气

2017-2019高考英语真题分类解析-----情态动词和虚拟语气 一、2019年高考真题 1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together. A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。 2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time. A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。 二、2018年高考真题 1.【2018·江苏】24. It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A. would B. should C. could D. might 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。 点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪。）It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. （虚拟语气，说话者是在责备他本

情态动词和虚拟语气

第一课 1、I often see lights in that empty house.Do you think I report it to the police? A、should B、may C、will D、can 2、----The room is so dirty. we clean it? ----Of course. A、Will B、Shall C、Would D、Do 3、My English—Chinese dictionary has disappeared.Who have taken it? A、should B、must C、could D、would 4、It is suggested that a doctor immediately. A、be sent for B、send for C、is send for D、should send for 5、When he was there,he go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. A、would B、should C、had better D、might 6、Mary never does any reading in the evening, . A、so does John B、John does too C、John doesn’t too D、nor does John 7、----The computer is still on,could you have forgotten to turn it off? ----Yes,I . A、could have B、could C、must D、might have 8、Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night,no matter what we during the day. A、may have done B、would have done C、must have done D、should have done 9、It’s 4 p.m.now and we’ve covered most of the distance.We arrive before dark. A、would B、should C、would rather D、have to 10、When the police took the suspect to the police station,he insisted that he the lady’s purse and that he free. A、not steal;be set B、didn’t steal;was set C、not steal;should be D、didn’t steal;be set 11、Jenny have kept her word.I wonder why she changed her mind. A、must B、should C、need D、would 12、he knew nothing about her. A、He appears as if B、It seems that C、It appears as if D、It seems as if 13、Peter come with us tonight,but he isn’t sure. A、must B、may C、can D、will 14、Helen go on the trip with us,but she isn’t quite sure yet. A、shall B、must C、may D、can 15、----There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.