托福阅读技巧

托福阅读技巧

托福阅读技巧

做阅读时的要求

1.每一篇文章第一次做时，尽量按照考试速度要求做。

2.做完后，接下来就要认真把文章读一遍，划出把文章里不懂的单词和长难句，查出单词意思，(借助语法知识)认真分析长难句，

同时还要把错题(包括碰巧猜对的题目)认真分析，特别是OG和汉客

笔记的题目(还有北极星最后几套ETS出的题目)，一定要把题目涉

及的文章内容仔细看，甚至在文章中划出涉及考题的内容，培养对

易出题的考点的感觉，甚至揣摩ETS的出题思路。等到这些工作都

做完，这篇文章也就基本吃透了，这时再重新把文章读一遍，最好

多读两遍。这个过程其实就是精读了。只要时间允许，做过一次的

阅读文章最好都尽量精读，吃透它。光作对题只是一个浅显的要求，就像只顾吃饭，对材料认真分析、精读才是真正消化吸收。

3.等过了三五天，或者两三周以后，有空的话再把这篇文章看(做)一遍，作为巩固，复习，而且有时还会温故知新。

P.S如果时间不足，OG的文章是一定要精读的，而且题目也要仔细研究，这是出题思路和考试最为接近的资料。这些原则在新托福

阅读其实也是同样适用的，只要文章中出现如下内容，都要引起注意：举例证明，罗列式例举，转折(否定)，因果，下定义，比较级(最高级)，同位语(插入语)，数字年代，特殊标点(引号，破折号等)。

阅读具体的做题顺序

阅读最基本的做题顺序有两种：

先读(全篇)文章再做题

先读题目再读文章(相应部分)然后做题

它们又能衍生变化出两种做题顺序：读一段文章，做相应的题目，然后再读一段，再做相应的题目;读文章各段首句，然后看题目，再

找文章内相应部分做题

对于广大非牛来说，可能“读文章各段首句，然后看题目，再找文章内相应部分做题”会比较合适，读各段首句可以粗略掌握文章

大意和结构，做题再看内容再做能大大降低“工作量”，但是这种

做法不利于对全文的消化吸收，从而不利于做总结题，也可能会遗

漏文章内的一些细节而导致做错细节题。而新托福目前反馈大都是

顺序出题的，所以建议练习时就尽量往“读一段做相应题目，再读

一段再做相应题目”这一顺序去靠拢，可以对文章有全面的把握，

虽然总量上还是要读完全文，但是对大脑的短期记忆的负担要比通

读全文再做题目小很多。

托福阅读题型破解

阅读一般来说是中国人的强项了，也是拿分的主力。如果你口语不牛，作文一般，还想考到100分，那么阅读应该保证在28分以上。

在IBT阅读中，甚至可以扩展到ETS所有考试的阅读题目中，如果要用一个词来概括的话，那就是paraphrase，意译。

无论是题干还是正确选项，大都能在原文中找出一句话来与之相对应。即题目是原文的意译。这种意译是通过同义词来完成的。即

题干中多用近义词来对原文中的句子进行替换，来达到提出问题或

者提出正确答案的意思。准确把握意译，是多数题目中准确在原文

中定位信息、或者在迷惑选项中选出正确的那个，都有着重要的作用。在后面的文章里我会结合实例解释这一点。

关于先看题目还是先看文章的问题。也就是做题时间安排的问题。小站君个人习惯是先用5—7分钟的时间通读全文，然后平均每个问

题有1分钟的时间来回答。由于对问题的回答建立在了熟悉全文的

基础上，每个问题又有足够的时间返回全文，每个选项都一一进行

斟酌。我认为这样准确率比较高。但有的朋友本着居家过日子的心，认为1000多字的文章只出十几个题，必然有一些信息是没用的。这

样通读全文就会浪费掉一些时间，不如先看题再回去找来的痛快。

对此我不好妄加评论。每个人都应该通过考前大量的练习来制定出

最为适合自己的方法。

无论是OG还是Delta，都把阅读的题目分成十类，即：UnderstandingFactsandDetails,IdentifyingNegativeFacts,Locat ingReferents,UnderstandingVocabularyinContext,MakingInferen ces,DeterminingPurposes,RecognizingParaphrases(Simplifyings entences),RecognizingCoherence(Sentenceing),SummarizingImpo rtantIdeasandOrganizinginformation.我将按顺序一一解释。

考场高分技巧

分段托福阅读做题，省去“扫读”的时间

在四六级考试中，阅读时间也很少，虽然单词相对简单，但是篇幅较长，逐字阅读肯定是没有时间的，所以做题技巧中扫读是很重

要的环节，目的是找到与题目相关的段落或者语句才能找到做题依据。而在托福阅读考试中，是每阅读完一段就做只涉及该段的题目，信息集中，重要的是节省了大量的时间，缓解了托福阅读文章通篇

的眩晕感。而这部分题目就是四六级中常说的细节题。

文章说明性强，生词不必怕

托福阅读考试中对单词量的要求还是很大的，即使单词量很大了，也难免会遇上生僻词的情况，而托福考试中选用的文章说明性特别强，往往是自定义—自解释的模式，遇到生词，即使不知道什么意思，也可以根据上下文语境弄清它们之间的关系，运用逻辑推理的

方法作出正确的答案。其次，还可以分析选项，进行对比，往往会

发现选项中通常会出现两个意思相反的选项，此时再仔细重读原文

就可以排除错误选项了。

托福阅读近义词选择有技巧

几乎每段中都会有生词意思辨析题，有些词考生一看就认识，这样的题目就很容易了，但是也不能粗心大意，如果时间富裕或者把

握不大，可以把选项带入文章中检查一遍。对于那些不认识的词汇，

也是有许多技巧的。首先是分析词性，采用排除法排除词性不一致

的选项。其次是用代入法。选项中给出的词意一般就是考生认识的，将选项带入，分析一下是否能够保证原文合情合理，通顺。

分段托福阅读打基础，全篇文章心里明

在分段阅读的同时，可以记下关键词或者中心句，在文章结束时就可以有根据回想起整篇文章的脉络结构，逻辑关系，对14题的选

择有很大帮助。同时题目中也明确给了做题方法，即没有提到的信

息或者不重要的观点就可以排除了。

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托福96年10月－97年8月阅读文章词汇选择及参阅 一、听力场景 （一）娱乐场景 1音乐会 －永远好听 －喜欢classical music, 不喜欢Rock&Roll －去不了因为要学习 －提前买票 2剧院演出 －有票没票 －座位是否调换 ＊在卖on sale；卖完了be sold out ＊正前方的位置orchestra section；楼座balcony 3美术馆 －喜欢去且最好是modern art ＊油画oils；版画prints；水彩画water color；壁画fresco；素描sketch；肖像画portrait；山水画 landscape 4电影 －不好看，不值money ＊It was hardly worth the wait price of admission 5买东西 －买什么:invest in, stock up on, 以旧换新trade it in,分期付款pay by installment, 头期款 down payment,卖东西cash in on sth. －买没买（注意虚拟语气）,退货refund，预付in advance/deposit －喜欢便宜货: on sale; good bargain/deal/price/buy; discount; %off ＊东西巨贵cost you an arm and a leg, cost sb dearly, dear sth, make a fortune,cost a bundle

＊价钱公道fair, reasonable, affordable, acceptable. 6养花种草 －花草长势 －阳光水份: sunlight; water regularly －摆哪儿合适：窗前sunlight；角落里shade 7照相 －效果:模糊blurry －用光，胶卷:闪光灯flash, 焦距focus, out of focus, adjust the focus, 照相shot, a roll of film, 冲卷develop, 放大enlarge 8邮局 －不满意：It took forever to arrive. 9外出吃饭(go out for lunch, dine out) －上哪儿吃：一角dime, 五分nickel, 1分penny, 分cent －爱尝鲜appetizer开胃物，打包酒菜carryout,腌制souse, －喜欢安静：prefer a quiet place －谁请客：我请客This is my treat; Let me treat you; Let me pick up the bill. Foot the bill AA制：go fifty fifty, Let's spit the check, two bills －点错菜：order，菜单recipe *侍者常用语：①Bring the menu-are you ready to order now? ②take your order-I'll be with you in a moment③recommend sth-specialty特色④serve food- I'll take care of it. I'll see to it. 10贪吃场景 －吃完：eat up, clean out, empty, go out. －谁打扫:残羹冷炙leftover *饭量小eat like a bird, 饭量大eat like a horse, 酒量大drink like a fish, 能睡sleep like a log, 能抽烟smoke like a chimney 11吃

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