2015年上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷

2015年上海市普陀区高考英语二模试卷(附答案)

第I卷（共103分）

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A Short Conversations

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.

1. A. At the department store. B. At the airport.

C. At the railway station.

D. At the furniture store.

2. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher. D. A boss.

3. A. She expected more people at the party. B. She enjoys entertaining small children.

C. She has always enjoyed great popularity.

D. She threw a surprise party for her friend.

4. A. It is 4:10 now. B. It is 4:20 now. C. It is 4:50 now. D. It is 4:40 now.

5. A. Mark was too busy to call the man.

B. The man saw Mark on the street two months ago.

C. The woman had forgotten Mark's phone number.

D. Mark and the woman hadn't been in touch for long.

6. A. The library is closed on weekends. B. He was not allowed to check out the book.

C. He had no idea where the book was.

D. He didn't get the book he needed.

7. A. The houses for sale are at high price.

B. The man is unwilling to look at the houses on sale.

C. The houses are too expensive for the couple to buy.

D. The housing sellers provide free trips for potential buyers.

8. A. The man no longer smokes.

B. The man is under pressure from his wife.

C. The man usually follows his wife's advice.

D. The man refuses to listen to his doctor's advice.

9. A. The man made a mistake about the date of the appointment.

B. The man wants to change the date of the appointment.

C. The man is glad he's got in touch with the doctor.

D. The man can't come for the appointment at 4:15.

10. A. The man is worried about his future.

B. The two speakers are at a loss what to do now.

C. The two speakers will graduate from the college.

D. The woman regrets spending her time doing nothing.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. A professional diver. B. A rescuer on the Golden Gate Bridge.

C. A telephone operator.

D. A guard on the Golden Gate Bridge.

12. A. Someone has fallen off the bridge.

B. Someone on the bridge is being attacked.

C. Someone is threatening to destroy the bridge.

D. Someone on the bridge is attempting to kill himself.

13. A. Call the mother to come right away.

B. Try to communicate with them first.

C. Help them to get out of their misery.

D. Remind them that they have children to take care of.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. The standards for being fit vary from person to person.

B. A healthy lifestyle is a must for being fit.

C. We may not know how fit we are without tests.

D. Personal goals are more important than needs to decide whether one is fit.

15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.

C. It is less enjoyable.

D. It is less effective.

16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.

B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.

C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.

D. Some sports with significant training effect.

Section C

Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.

Old-fashioned General Stores Supermarkets

The shopkeeper knew all his regular customers personally. Shopping today seems to lack that __17__ element. The shop was not only a center of buying and selling but also a __18__ meeting place. The manager has to get his huge staff to work __19__.

There were very few problems in __20__. He must be ready for any emergency that may appear.

Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.

Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Changing Rooms

Why did the woman want to change her room? She booked a double room with a beach view, but was provided one with __21__.

Why didn't the hotel provide the woman the room she booked? There were only __22__ with the beach view left. Why didn't the woman accept the man's suggestion? She thought it was too __23__ in rooms with a city view. What did the man do finally? He promised to give the woman __24__ back.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

(A)

Good ideas often start with really silly questions. Bill Bowerman was making breakfast one day. As he stood there making waffles (华夫饼干) for his son, he wondered what would happen if he poured rubber (25)____ his waffle iron. Later, he tried it and the result looked something like the bottom of most sports shoes we see today. Still, when he took this idea to several existing shoe companies, he was laughed at. In fact, every single company

turned him down. Though rather discouraged, Bowerman persevered and went on (26)____ (form) his own company, making NIKE athletic shoes.

Sometimes good ideas grow out of frustration. When Fred Smith was a student at Yale University, he needed to have some paperwork (27)____(deliver) across the country the next day. Smith was amazed to find out that overnight delivery was impossible. He sat for a long while (28)____ (wonder) why. Why couldn't there be a reliable overnight mail delivery service? He decided to design one. Smith did just that and turned his design into (29)____ class project. His business professor gave him only a C for his efforts. However, Smith was not through. He improved the ideas in that class project and eventually turned (30)____ into one of the first and (31)____ (successful) overnight mail services in the world—FedEx.

We know today, of course, that each of these ideas led to an incredibly successful product or service (32)____ has changed the way many of us live. The best questions are usually open-ended and are often silly. Children aren't afraid to ask such questions, but adults frequently are. Think how different the world might be (33)____ people never asked ―silly‖ question!

(B)

A lot of people in the world today are used to working, going on holiday, and having money—but many of them aren't happy. Yet other people seem to be really happy, (34)____ ____ they are poor, or have no job, or are surrounded by problems. Why?

Professor Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, from the University of Chicago, has interviewed thousands of people who have a happy life to f ind out how they do it. ―I (35)____ (study) happiness for over 30 years,‖ says Csikszentmihalyi. ―My interest in the subject came from my own experience as a child during World War II, when I saw many adults destroyed by the terrible events. But there were always a few who kept their courage, helped others, and were able to give a sense of purpose and meaning to their lives. I wanted to find out how a person (36)____ build a fulfilling and enjoyable life.‖

In general, his research showed that people were unhappy doing nothing. The professor stresses that happy people don't waste time, either at work or when they're free. ―Many people feel the time that they spend at work or at school wasted. But often their free time (37)___ _ (waste) as well. Many people are used to doing passive things—watching television, for example—without (38)____ (use) any skills. As a result, life goes past in a series of boring experiences.‖

But it doesn't have to be this way. Th e professor has found that people are happy when they get into (39)____ he calls ―flow‖. When people get very involved in a task that they have chosen, and which is well-defined and challe nging, they experience ―flow‖, a situation (40)____ they don't notice time passing.

People who are not used to happiness can learn how to be happy, says the professor, if they constantly get into ―flow‖ states. Is happiness as easy as that? Perhaps it is.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

The world faces a future of people speaking more than one language, with English no longer seen as likely to become __41__, a British language expert says in a new analysis. ―English is likely to __42__ one of the world's most important languages for the foreseeable future, but its future is more __43__ and complex—than most

people appreciate,‖ language researcher David Graddol said. He sees English as likely to become the ―first among equals‖ rather than having the global field to itself. ―Speakers, who only use English, of any __44__ of English—American or British—will __45__ increasing difficulty in employment and political life, and are likely to become confused by many aspects of the society and culture around t hem,‖ Graddol said.

The __46__ of the world's population that speaks English as a native language is decreasing, Graddol reported in an issue of the journal Science. The idea of English becoming the world language to the __47__ of others ―is past its sell-by date,‖ Graddol said. Instead, he said, its major __48__ will be in creating generations who use more than one language.

A multilingual(使用多种语言的) population is the __49__ in much of the world and is becoming more common in the United States. Indeed, the Census Bureau reported last year that nearly one American in five speaks a language other than English at home, with Spanish leading, and Chinese __50__ rapidly. The diversity of language, in turn, has helped to make English the nation's official language.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

GM (转基因) crops are debatable. On one hand, some farmers and scientists feel that GM crops can make the world a __51__ place. If bioengineers can create crops that are resistant to insects, __52__, then they won't have to worry about insects destroying plants. In the __53__ of insect damage, crops can grow to feed the poor and hungry. Genetic engineering can create plants with other desirable properties as well. Plants that don't require much water, that can live even in times of drought, can help prevent the widespread __54__ that would occur if people have nothing to eat. It's easy to see why many people believe that GM crops will help the world meet the difficult __55__ that it will face as more and more people need to be fed.

But not everyone thinks bioengineering is a good idea. Other people are __56__. They mistrust the claims made and don't believe that biotechnology is without __57__. The possible dangers include harming the ecosystem—the inter-related community of plants and animals and bacteria that __58__ the Earth. They __59__ that changing plants can harm our environment, and damage to our surroundings can hurt us. One danger is that GM crops can transfer their characteristics to other plants. Plants that reproduce by spreading their pollen (花粉) in the wind can possibly fertilize wild plants, making them more __60__ to control. Another problem is that GM pl ants might be a source of allergens (过敏源). This seems __61__, but in the process of making GM foods, genes are transferred that are known to cause problems for some people. Allergic reactions can __62__ from coughing and sneezing to death.

Indeed, people hold very different opinions about __63__. While some people look forward to crops that will not rot during the trip to market, others claim that we will ruin our cropland and destroy what we are trying to save. While some people look forward to crops that can __64__ droughts, others claim that contact with GM plants can pollute other crops, making them __65__ for use. For some people, GM crops are the hope of the future; for others, they are a poison that will harm or destroy our farmland.

51. A. worse B. better C. less healthy D. more peaceful

52. A. in no way B. by all means C. for example D. by contrast

53. A. absence B. appearance C. case D. effect

54. A. war B. poverty C. starvation D. robbery

55. A. challenge B. specification C. standard D. principle

56. A. knowledgeable B. supportive C. ignorant D. suspicious

57. A. control B. risks C. criteria D. doubts

58. A. turn up B. make up C. give up D. take up

59. A. ensure B. worry C. deny D. demand

60. A. temperate B. difficult C. efficient D. enjoyable

61. A. inevitable B. inaccessible C. unavoidable D. unlikely

62. A. suffer B. arise C. start D. range

63. A. bioengineering B. allergens C. drought D. future

64. A. cause B. reduce C. stand D. change

65. A. efficient B. expensive C. unfit D. possible

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

You carry a 1.3 kg mass of fatty material in your head that controls everything you will ever do. This fantastic control center lets you think, learn, create, and feel emotions. It also controls everything your body does. What is this amazing machine? It's your brain—a structure so amazing that the famous scientist James Watson called it ―the most complex thing we have yet discovered in our universe.‖

Imagine your kitten jumped onto the kitchen counter, and was about to step onto a hot stove. You would have only seconds to act. In situations like this, your brain reads the signals from your eyes and quickly calculates when, where and at what speed you need to run to save her. Then it tells your muscles to move. No computer can match your brain's great ability to download, process, and react to the flood of information from your eyes, ears and other sensory organs.

If a bee lands on your foot, sensory neurons(神经元) in your skin send this information to your brain at a speed of more than 240 kilometers per hour. Your brain then uses motor neurons to send a message back to your foot: Shake the bee off quickly! Motor neurons can send this information at more than 320 kilometers per hour!

Your brain contains about 100 billion tiny cells: neurons—it would take you more than 3,000 years if you tried to count them all. Whenever you dream, laugh, think, see or move, tiny chemical and electrical signals are racing between these neurons along billions of tiny neuron pathways. Believe it or not, the activity in your brain never stops. Countless messages fly around inside it every second, like a super-fast game of table tennis. Your neurons create and send more messages than all the phones in the entire world. And although a single neuron generates only a tiny amount of electricity, all your neurons together can generate enough electricity to power a light bulb.

66. By ―the most complex thing‖, James Watson means ______.

A. a supercomputer

B. the universe

C. human brains

D. our emotions

67. Which of the following statements is true according to the 2nd and 3rd paragraph?

A. Brains can download more information than any computer.

B. The kitten plays an important role in testing human brain power.

C. Motor neurons in human brains serve to send countless messages.

D. Your brains can use neurons to send messages back faster than bees'.

68. The author mentions ―to power light bulbs‖ (Par a. 4) to show ______.

A. neurons can send lots of messages

B. how many active tiny cells brains contain

C. how much electricity brains can generate

D. there is countless information in the brain

69. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Powerful brain is a wonderful machine.

B. Brains work well in controlling body movements.

C. Brain is the most complex structure in the universe.

D. Human brains are composed of numerous neurons.

(B)

Read the following car rental agreement of Avis and answer the questions.

Kindly indicate your return km reading, fuel gauge(计量器) reading, date and time, and return this envelope, with your keys, to the rental counter.

Document number

Return km reading

Return fuel gauge √ E 1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 F

Return date Return time

Safe Driving in South Africa

DRIVER'S LICENCE

When driving, you must be in possession of your driver's licence at all times.

SEAT BELTS

The la w requires that you wear seat belts at all times.

DRIVING

In South Africa, driving is on the left-hand side of the road.

SPEED LIMITS

Generally 60 km/hr in built-up areas, 100 km/hr in rural areas and 120 km/hr on highways.

PETROL

Petrol is available 24 hours per day. Unleaded (无铅) petrol should be used in Avis cars. Credit cards are not accepted for the payment of petrol.

SAFETY

For your own safety, keep your doors locked while driving.

LOCK UP

Shut windows and lock all doors and the boot when leaving the vehicle unattended.

VALUABLES

Do not leave personal belongings such as cell phones and valuables in your vehicle. They are not covered by our insurance.

TYRES

Avis undertakes that on delivery of the vehicle to the driver, the condition of the tyres will be agreeable to the laws and the tyre pressure in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's specifications(说明书) for ―normal use‖. It is the responsibility of the driver to ensure that both the condition and inflation(膨胀) of the tyres are appropriate throughout the course of the rental.

It is the responsibility of the driver to inspect the condition of the tyres at the beginning of the rental and to make adjustments to the tyre pressure to take into account such factors as the number of passengers, mass of luggage, environment temperatures, speed and road condition.

ROAD MAPS

Maps of Southern Africa, including city and regional maps, can be found in a copy of the Avis Inbound magazine, in each vehicle or at the Avis Customer Service Center. More extensive area maps are obtainable from the Automobile Association (AA) and South African Tourism.

70. The passage is intended for ______.

A. car renters

B. traffic police

C. insurance sellers

D. automobile mechanics

71. The driver should _________ according to the rules about tyres.

A. make the tyre condition agreeable to the laws

B. adjust tyre pressure with many factors considered

C. work out the vehicle manufacturer's specifications

D. be responsible for driving safety and road condition

72. What information hasn't been mentioned in the leaflet?

A. The speed limit in different areas.

B. The requests of giving cars back to Avis.

C. The ways to keep personal possessions safe.

D. The instructions to fix flat tyres on the road.

(C)

Resentment (仇恨) between members of different generations, if not attended to, can lead to extreme anger and unhappiness and even lasting enmity if people are not careful. That individuals from different generations should come to view each other as if they were from different sides of warring countries should not be surprising.

It is natural for individuals from the same generation to form alliances (联盟), to come together for protection. Different generations represent different experiences in life, and these lead naturally to different opinions about oneself and one's approaches to work.

If you were raised in a time of plenty, when products were readily available and relatively inexpensive, you would believe that prosperity is natural and expectable. If, on the other hand, you were raised in a time of scarcity, you would always be careful not to waste things for fear you would not have enough. You would make angry people who seem to believe that problems will always solve themselves. Such optimism in the face of difficulties would be a source of unhappiness between you and them. It is difficult, in such circumstances, to achieve a happy, agreeable atmosphere in the workplace.

73. What most possibly makes it difficult to organize or run a company?

A. Employees are in different generations.

B. Employees are of different backgrounds.

C. Employees work in different styles.

D. Employees are in different races.

74. Employers should pay attention to ______ if they want to avoid anger between employees.

A. the different understanding of problems in the workplace

B. the different views on value of work and working methods

C. the different generations of employees in the workplace

D. the different ways of expressing anger in the company

75. The word ―enmity‖ is closet in meaning to ______.

A. hatred

B. sorrows

C. ignorance

D. forgiveness

76. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Employees in some companies regard each other as mere enemies.

B. Employees' attitudes towards life are related to the time when they grow up.

C. Employees who are raised in a time of scarcity tend to be angry with others.

D. Achieving a harmonious atmosphere in the workplace is the main task for employers.

77. What does the writer mainly talk about in the passage?

A. Employees should be cooperative and friendly with each other.

B. It is difficult for employers to have workers work in a friendly way.

C. The weakness of human nature causes the anger between employees.

D. The generational differences cause the disharmony among employees.

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Dolphins have been declared the world's second most intelligent creatures after humans, with scientists suggesting they are so bright that they should be treated as ―non-human persons‖.

Studies into dolphin behavior have highlighted how similar their communications are to those of humans and that they are brighter than chimpanzees. These have been backed up by anatomical (解剖学) research showing that dolphin brains have many key features associated with high intelligence. Recently, a series of behavioral studies has suggested that dolphins, especially species such as the bottlenose, whose brains weigh about 5lb, could even be brighter than chimps, which some studies have found can reach the intelligence levels of three-year-old children. The studies show how dolphins have distinct personalities, a strong sense of self and can think about the future.

It has also become clear th at dolphins are ―culture‖ animals, meaning that new types of behavior can quickly be picked up by one dolphin from another. In one study, Diana Reiss, professor of psychology at Hunter College, City University of New York, showed that bottlenose dolphins could recognize themselves in a mirror and use it to inspect various parts of their bodies, an ability that had been thought limited to humans and great apes. In another, she found that they also had the ability to learn an elementary symbol-based language.

Other research has shown dolphins can solve difficult problems, while those living in the wild cooperate in ways that imply complex social structures and a high level of emotions. In one recent case, a dolphin rescued from the wild was taught to tail-walk for three weeks in a dolphinarium (海豚宫) in Australia. After she was released, scientists were astonished to see the trick spreading among wild dolphins who had learnt it from the former captive (被俘的). Such observations have prompted questions about the brain structures of dolphins.

Researchers have found that brain size varies hugely from around 7oz for the small species to more than 19lb for the sperm whales, whose brains are the largest on the planet. Human brains, by contrast, range from 21lb-4lb. When it comes to intelligence, however, brain size is less important than its size relative to the body.

oz: an ounce in weight (1oz=28g)

lb: a pound in weight (1lb=454g=16oz)

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than twelve words.)

78. The which in the 2nd paragraph refers to _________.

79. What do bottlenose dolphins do to make Diana Reiss believe they are ―culture‖ animals?

80. The spreading of tail-walk shows wild dolphins have _________.

81. What is the main factor that decides the level of intelligence according to the last paragraph?

第II卷（共47分）

I. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1、学校里约半数的学生热衷于玩手机游戏。(keen)

2、事实证明，你尝试的越多，就越有可能提前取得成功。(the more…)

3、他从没像现在这样渴望得到父母的理解和支持。(Never…)

4、自从有了互联网，消费者足不出户就可以轻松买到各种心仪的商品。(access)

5、鉴于日趋严重的环境污染，政府正呼吁市民合理处理废旧电池。(appeal)

II. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120–150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你学校两种学习安排：一是学校为学生安排解答困惑或补习知识遗漏点，二是鼓励学生自己学习解决困难。你会选择哪一种学习方式？请结合实际情况，举例并说明你选择的理由。

2015上海高考英语试题及答案

2015年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试 上海英语试卷 第I卷（共103分） I. Listening Comprehension SectionA Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard. 1. A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful 2. A. at a bus stop B. at a laundry C. at the dentist‘s D. at the chemist‘s 3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer 4. A. He lost his cla ssmate‘s homework. B. He can‘t help the woman with her math. C. He broke the woman‘s calculator. D. He doesn‘t know where the ―on‖ button is. 5. A. The woman should go to another counter. B. The woman gives the man so many choices. C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there. D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat. 6. A. She has no idea where to find the man‘s exam result. B. She isn‘t allowed to tell students their grades. C. Dr. White hasn‘t finish grading the papers. D. Dr. White doesn‘t want to be contacted while he‘s away. 7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartment C. Clean the room with the roommate D. Write an article about their roommate 8. A. Bob won‘t take her advice B. Bob doesn‘t want to go abroad C. She doesn‘t think Bob should study overseas D. She hasn‘t talked to Bob since he went aboard 9. A. The snack bar isn‘t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar. C. The snack bar is near the library. D. Snacks aren‘t allowed in the library. 10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside. C. Clean the garage after the rain stops . D. Check if the garage is dry. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be askedthree questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It helps care for customers‘ dogs. B. You have to buy food for dogs. C. None of the dogs are caged. D. There is a dog named Princess. 12. A. She likes the food there. B. She enjoys the fun with a pet. C. She can have free coffee. D. She doesn‘t like to be alone. 13. A. A new kind of cafe. B. A new brand of cafe. C. A new home for pets. D. A new way to raise pets. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

上海市2020年高考英语一模试卷

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