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英语阅读理解专题

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阅读理解专题

There are many shops in Singapore where customers still bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the goods. There is

nothing out of the ordinary in haggling; some shopkeepers

expect you to and will be surprised if you accept their prices immediately. We know that the prices in some stores are a bit higher than those in Change Alley, but we also realize that to keep a store like

Robinson's is by no means cheap. Besides, in such places we

shop in air-condition (空调) comfort. For all these, we pay a little extra.

It is not always true to say that things in Change Alley cost less. I once bought a Czechoslo- vakian glass butter-dish from Robinson's for a little under two dollars. I then went on to Change Alley and just by chance saw an article of the same shape, design and size, in one of the shops. I then asked about its price, and was surprised when the man demanded more than

four dollars for it. "How much can you offer" he shouted at me.

I offered him exactly the same price I paid for the article and his reply was shockingly rude (粗鲁). I opened my bag, showed

him my receipt, stared at him and walked out of his shop.

A buyer in England expects to find the price of goods clearly shown, or, to be told exactly what the price is. He knows this is the lowest price that will be accepted. If he thinks the price is beyond what he can afford, he shrugs ( 耸耸) his shoulders and walks away. He does not attempt to bargain with the shopkeeper. Even if he showed annoyance or surprise, he would expect to be to that if the price was unacceptable, he should try elsewhere.

1. The underlined word "haggling" (line 2, Para. 1 ) in the

text most probably means ________.

A. accepting the prices immediately

B. fixing the right cost for some goods

C. arguing about the price of something

D. paying extra for comfortable shopping

2. We can learn from the text that Robinson’s is a store which sells

A. expensive goods

B. air-conditioners

C. Czechoslovakian goods

D. goods at a bargain price

3. The writer asked about the price of a glass butter-dish in Change Alley because he wanted to ________.

A. buy it at a lower price

B. change his dish for something else

C. find out if the shop assistant is polite

D. compare the prices of the dish in two stores

4. Which of the following words best describes tile feeling of

a British customer when" he shrugs his shoulders and walks away" ( line 3, para. 3 )

A. Frightened.

B. Worded.

C. Annoyed.

D. Disappointed.

5. What would probably happen if a customer does bargain with a shopkeeper in England

A. The customer would be advised to shop in other stores.

B. The customer would get the goods at a lower price.

C. They would discuss and then reach an agreement.

D. They would quarrel about the price of the goods.

答案：

1. C

2. A

3. A

4. D

5. A

Some people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills the essence of sport ---- the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think

about enjoying himself, he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for entire nation's hopes, dreams and reputation.

A good example is the football World Cup. Football is

third world's most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he' 11 think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on

the map.

Sports fans and supporters get quite unreasonable about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands

of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played.

So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport Certainly not! Do the Argentinean really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others Not really. But it's nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.

1. What is the author' s main purpose in the passage

A. To explain the role of sport.

B. To compare Scotland with Argentina.

C. To show that Argentina is better than all others.

D. To prove that football is the world' s most important sport.

2. In the second paragraph, the word "summit" means

_______________ .

A. award

B. summary

C. highest point

D. mountain top

3. According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because of its ______________.

A. obvious position on the map

B. successes in the football World Cup

C. excellence at most important sports

D. large number of sports fans and supporters

4. According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will _____________.

A. fail to succeed

B. lose enjoyment

C. be successful

D. be unreasonable

5. What is the author's attitude towards international games

A. Nations that meet on a football field are unlikely to meet on a battlefield.

B. Nations that win the football World Cup are regarded as best in all aspects.

C. Nations that win in international games prove the best on the sports field at least.

D. Nations that give much attention to international competitions are world-famous in many ways.

答案：

1. A

At the first sight the planet Mars does not appear very welcome to any kind of life. It has very little oxygen and water, the temperature at night is below -50°C and winds of 100 miles per hour cause severe dust storms. However, the surface of the planet seems to show that water flowed across it some time in the past, and it is believed that there is enough ice at the poles to cover the planet with water if it melts. Although there is no life on the Mars now, some scientists

think that there may have been some form of life long time ago. At that time, the planet had active volcanoes; the atmosphere was thicker and warmer; and there was water. In fact, in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the Earth, where life exists.

Some people believe that the Mars could support life in

the future if the right conditions were produced. The first

step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the Sun's heat in the planet's atmosphere. With warmth, water and carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), simple plants could begin to grow. These plants could slowly make the Mars more suitable for

living. It is estimated that the whole process might take between 100,000 and 200,000 years. In the meantime, people

could begin to live on the planet in special closed environments. They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars and the problems connected with living there.

1. Some scientists think there may have been life on the Mars

in the past because _______________.

A. there is no life there now

B. there is a large amount of water at the poles

C. the Mars may be able to support life in the future

D. conditions may have been similar to those on the Earth

2. There could be life on the Mars in the future

if________________.

A. it supported life in the past

B. certain gases are used to cool the planet

C. the atmosphere can be heated enough to grow simple

plants

D. the planet's volcanoes become as active as they were in the past

3. People may be able to live on the Mars _________________.

A. within the next 200,000 years

B. only 200,000 years from now

C. only 150,000 years from now

D. as soon as the planet becomes cool enough

4. The author's attitude towards the possibility of life on the Mars in the future is ____________.

A. doubtful

B. positive

C. negative

D. uninterested

5. Which is the best title for this passage

A. The Possibility of Life on the Mars

B. Future Conditions on the Mars

C. The Mars and the Earth

D. A Study of the Climate of the Mars

答案： 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 4. A

Passage One

Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also

be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and

other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷) in themselves.

Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In

today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.

Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout

1. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes

is___________________.

A. to reduce their mental stress

B. to increase their sense of success

C. to make sports less competitive

D. to make sports more challenging

2. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that___________________.

A. it can help them learn mom about society

B. it enables them to find flaws in themselves

C. it can provide them with valuable experiences

D. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves

3. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes________________.

A. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development

B. without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence

C. in order to make them remember life's lessons

D. so as to put more pressure on them

4. According the passage parents and coaches

should__________________.

A. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports

B. help children to win every game

C. train children to cope with stress

D. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

5. The author's purpose in writing the passage is

__________________.

A. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout

B. to persuade young children not to worry about criticism

C. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children

D. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement

答案： 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C

Most cities and/or states in the U. S. collect a sales tax on almost everything you buy. You must ask when you move into a new community how much the local sales tax is, and what items are and are not taxable. Both taxable items and the amount of tax vary considerably from place, from one of two percent in some places up to eight or ten in others. The New York City sales tax, for examples, is currently 8%, so if you buy a pair of $ 40 shoes you will actually have to pay $ . This makes paying and getting correct change much more difficult (not to mention making everything more expensive). We say in America that only two things in life are unavoidable: one is death and the other taxes.

Another thing that makes money exchanges more complicated is tipping. The Chinese people have happily put an end to tipping, but Westerners are still plagued with this indignity. Waiters and waitresses, cab drivers, hotel bellboys, barbers and hairdressers and all sorts of other people must be tipped. Their employers give them low wages because it is expected that you, the customer, will make up the difference. If you don't, the service person can't earn a living. Tipping also varies from place to place, generally in the area of 15% of your bill

(before taxes), but again you should ask local residents whom to tip and how much.

There is another kind of tipping as well. You are generally expected to give something (either cash or a bottle of whisky) to the mailman and to your building "super" at Christmas time. You should discuss this also with neighbors and colleagues.

1. The main idea of this passage is ______________.

A. shopping and tipping

B. sales and shopping

C. sales taxes and tipping

D. sales taxes and people

2. According to the passage, if you buy a pair of $ 50 shoes in the New York City, you pay extra ____________as sales tax.

A. $

B. $4

C. $5

D. $

3. Usually, cab drivers _________________.

A. get high wages from the employer

B. get great benefits from the employer

C. get low wages from the employer

D. get high bonus from the employer

4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true

A. The Chinese people have to pay tips in western countries.

B. The westerners don't have to pay high tips in their own country.

C. Barbers, hotel bellboys and all sorts of other people

can earn a living if they are not tipped.

D. Tipping varies from place to place, generally in the area of 20% of your bill.

5. Usually, taxable items and the amount of tax

_________________.

A. have no difference from place to place in the U. S.

B. are over 15% in the U. S.

C. have been put an end in the U. S.

D. vary from place to place in the U. S.

答案：1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D

In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but be- cause few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it would be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited

to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second hand plastic.

Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled

in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them in- to fence posts, paint brushes, etc.

As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard re- mains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life--and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without ad- equate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.

Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution

control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.

46. What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers

A. Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.

B. Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.

C. A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.

D. Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.

47. The returned plastic bottles in New York used

to_______________.

A. end up somewhere underground

B. be turned into raw materials

C. have a second life value

D. be separated from other rubbish

48. The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is______________.

A. to sell them at a profitable price

B. how to turn them into useful things

C. how to reduce their recycling costs

D. to lower the prices for used materials

49. Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because______________.

A. local governments find it easy to manage

B. recycling has great appeal for the jobless

C. recycling causes little pollution

D. other methods are more expensive

50. It can be concluded from the passage that__________________.

A. rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials

B. local governments in the U.S. can expect big profits from recycling

C. recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally

D. landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal 答案 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C

Crime in the cities has had more publicity(宣扬)than crime in the suburbs, but in recent years many of the suburbs have found their crime rates increasing faster than those of the cities.

中考英语阅读理解专项讲解

阅读理解整体分析选材 ①阅读材料通常在150~250词之间 ②选材广泛,具有浓厚的时代气息 ③阅读语段生动活泼,语句富子变化命题原则 ①要求考生既能理解具体的事实,也能理解抽象的概念; ②要求考生既能理解文章的表层意思,也能理解文章的深层含义; ③要求考生既能理解某句、某段的意思,也能理解全篇的逻辑关系; 中考阅读理解的应试策略在解答阅读理解题时,要根据如下步骤进行解题。 1.浏览问题明确要求先了解文章后面所要解决的问题再去看文章,能使思路更加清晰,做到心中有数。 2.略读全文,了解梗概略读就是在尽可能短的时间内把握文章或段落的内容,略读时要特别注意主题。 3.通读寻读猎取信息寻读时可把与答题无关的内容一扫而过,而与答题有关的重要信息要认真读。 4逐条分析,对号入座即把寻读时所获得的信息与答题要求结合起来,逐条进行分析,对号人座。 5.复读全文,验证答案再次仔细阅读全文,进一步加深对文章的理解,核实所选内容是否正确。阅读理解不同题型解题技巧基于不同的考查目的,阅读理解题通常可分类为“细节理解题”“主且大意题”“词义猜测题”与“推理判断题”,不同的考查目的,会有不同的设题特点可使用不同的解题技巧。一、细节理解题解题技巧细节理解题主要是考查who, what, which, when, where等文章细节些细节理解题比较简单,只需浏览文中所叙述的事实或细节,就可以作答。但一些细节理解题则需要通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查学生对英语的理解能力,对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。这些题的难度较大解答细节理解题时,要先看题于,然后带着问题读文章。同学们做这类题时可以边读边做记号,加强阅读的针对性提高做题的准确率, 1.语义转换题一跳读查找法。语义转换题通常考查对某句话或某几包话的理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关句子,然后进行比较和分析,并确定最佳答案运用跳读查找法时,要特别注意试题及其选项与原文之间的语义变换,如同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等 2.生活应用题一常识理解法。生活应用题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上结合定的生活常识进行判断。但有些时候,一些常识性判断题,甚至只看题干,就可选出最佳答案。 3.细节排序题一首尾定位法。这种试题要求学生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序,做此类题时可采用“首尾定位第一个动作和最后一个动作,迅速缩小选择范围,从而快速选出正确答案 4.寻找值息题一干定位法。快速寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题,主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表、购物就餐等,做这类题时没有必要阅读全文,直采用“题干定位法,根据题干要求,直接从表格中查找相关信息

高考英语阅读理解篇全汇总版

小希老师给同学们总结了2018高考英语真题所有阅读理解的A篇，适合高中各个年级的学生练习及备考使用。【全国Ⅰ卷】 A Washington, . Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour

高考英语阅读理解三篇

(A ) A coal-fire stove(炉灶)provided heating for Zhao Yaoqin's courtyard bungalow in a Beijing hutong all her life. This winter, however, the stove has disappeared from the 66-year-old's life, and an electric radiator takes its place beside her bed, a product of a government to use clean energy in the national capital. With the Olympics to be staged in Beijing next August, the city is determined to eliminate the use of coal within the Third Ring Road that circles the city before the Games. The project to replace the stoves with electric radiators has been part of the effort. When the city's four-month long heating season started on Thursday, coal-fired stoves, known as a big source of pollution in the big city, have disappeared from some 20,000 local households like Zhao's bungalow in the inner city "hutong" -- traditional alleyways(小巷) that date back centuries. "We used to boil water or bake bread on the stove," said Zhao, sounding sentimental(伤感) to the disappearance of the coal furnace from her life. Late in the 1990s, Beijing's air quality monitoring office found that the emissions(排放) of sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide from the hutong areas have been higher than the city's average in winter, mainly because of the coal stoves. With the project to switch to clean energy for heating launched in 1999, the emission level of the two poisonous substances decreased by 42 percent and 44 percent, respectively, this year from 2001 levels. Zhao said the fee for electrical heat for the entire winter was usually around 2,400 yuan (US$323) per household. With the government's subsidy（补贴）, however, she only needed to pay about 500 yuan, nearly the same price as that for coal. 1．Zhao Yaoqin’ example in the passage is to tell us that_______. A.people in Beijing using electric radiators to welcome the Olympics. B.people in Beijing are doing something to protect the environment. C.hutongs in Beijing have a long history. D.People pay more money to use electric radiators than before. 2. The underlined word eliminate probably means________ A. cut down. B. increase. C. get rid of. D. replace 3. We can infer from the passage that ______ A. Zhao Yaoqin has a strong and deep emotion with the use of coal-fire stove. B. The government will pay most of the fee. C. The air of Beijing has been badly polluted since 1990s. D. The people do not use coal eight months in one year. 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The clean air is important when the Olympics Games is held in Beijing. B. The success of the Olympics Games depends on the clean air. C. The government spare no effort to make the environment better. D. The emission level of poisonous substances will be low in 2008.

2015年高考英语全国卷阅读解析

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