初中英语常见动词ing和动词不定式词组

初中英语阅读教学案例

郑庄中学原丽随着中考英语的改革，阅读在中考中的分值增大，阅读理解的选材越来越广泛，包括天文、科技、地理、历史、任务传记、英美风俗人情等，并且加大了对考生理解、概括、推理能力的考查。

学生在掌握科学、有效的阅读方法和技巧的同时，使用词典、语法等工具书及各种英语教育教学资源的过程中，能掌握全文大意并能根据中文信息找出问题相关答案，逐步提高学生独立阅读的能力。现行初中阅读课文是各单元教学的核心，容量大、密度高、话题广、课时紧，需要采取一种新的教学途径来解决。新的课程标准也提倡任务型的教学途径。任务型教学就是以具体的任务为学习目的，让学生带着任务完成阅读，理清文路，最终完成阅读题。一、初中英语阅读能力的要求

分析2010年中考题型，整套题加大了阅读量：一篇完形填空（15分），四篇阅读文章（30分），一篇任务型阅读（10分）。六篇文章55分，两个小时内完成这么多文章，还有20分的听力，5分补全对话，15分作文，15分单项选择。显而易见，阅读的重要性是不可忽视的。而学生的阅读能力不是一朝一夕能提高的，特别是初中学生需要我们在日常教学中加大对阅读的训练，使学生逐步获得独立阅读能力。

二、操作措施

以下Travels for the environment 为例，对阅读技能训练在教学中的应用加以说明，这篇文章内容含量大，设计到热门话题，人口与环境，所以我把这篇文章放在初中英语后讲，在此之前学生在学习中已谈论到了环保的话题。我在处理这篇文章时，主要有以下几步：（一）阅读前任务设计

1、用多媒体播放，人多车多造成的交通道路拥挤，城市的大面积扩张造成了大面积耕地被占用，森林面积减少，然后提出如下问题

Who causes such changes？

What should we do？

学生马上热烈的讨论起来，屏幕上的场景迅速激活了课堂，激发了学生的阅读兴趣，使他们产生了强烈的阅读愿望。

（二）阅读中任务（while——reading task）

1、快速阅读，了解主旨大意

使学生在规定时间内默读完课文并找出每段的主题句或段落的中心句。当然，学生也可以用不同的句子来概括每段的中心。只要有自己的观点，都要给予肯定和表扬。

2、精读，获取更多信息

为了帮助学生了解更多的信息，设计如下几个问题，让学生在问中找出相关信息，并小组讨论

1）From the passage we know that our earth has changed much because of --------- A．its old age B.man’s activities C.the changes of weather D.the natural development

2)Water pollution will become even worse if --------- .

A.birds and fish continue to die

B.people continue to built factories

C.people can’t stop factories from sending waste things into water

D.many rivers and lakes are still dead

3．研读，从中受到启发

（三）阅读后任务

通过前面几个环节的教学，学生对课文的信息有了全面的了解和理解，为了让他们成功运用所掌握的语言形式，阅读后再找出几篇相关话题的文章，做快速阅读训练，让学生先看题再看文章，将文中的答案找出。

1）在日常阅读训练中，让学生能习惯于先审题，掌握题意，带着任务去读文章的方法，一般的阅读问题都可以通过全文找出相关答案或信息，不能让学生单独脱离文章靠印象做题。2）有的学生表现出不愿合作或不主动，只顾自己思考，基本上在独立学习的层次上，没有真正的讨论和合作；有的学生表现出对任务不理解；有的学生在交流中过多使用母语等。3）部分学生习惯于教师以前的讲授教学方式，认为上课认真听讲笔记就能学好英语。开始他们对语言活动表现得漠不关心，在合作学习中合作不主动、不充分，存有消极、自私、依赖和缺乏责任感等不良心理，使合作学习达不到理想的效果。

finish doing sth.完成做某事

⑵practice doing sth 练习做某事

⑶be worth doing sth 值得做某事

⑷be busy doing sth忙于做某事

⑸keep doing sth始终/一直做…

⑹be used to doing sth习惯做某事

⑺give up doing sth 放弃做某事

⑻consider doing sth考虑做某事

⑼suggest doing sth建议做某事

⑽can’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事

⑾feel like doing st h想要做某事

⑿enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事

⒀miss doing sth思念做某事

⒁mind doing sth介意做某事

⒂prefer doing sth to doing sth更喜欢做某事

⒃look forward to doing sth 期望做某事

⒄have a hard / good time (in) doing sth 愉快地做某事

⒅spend … (in) doing sth

⒆have trouble/ difficulty/ hard (in) doing s th费力地做某事

⒇have fun (in) doing sth.

(21)go swimming/ fishing/ camping/ trekking/ hiking/ shopping

(22)do some reading/ cleaning/ writing/ listening

(23)begin/ start to do sth.与 doing sth

love/ like/ hate to do sth 与 doing sth

remember/ forget to do sth （中考点）与doing sth

try to do sth （中考点）尽力干某事与doing sth试着干某事

stop to do sth停下来干某事与doing sth.停止干某事

24. There be +名词+ doing sth （现在分词）

25.感官动词hear , listen to, look at , see, watch, notice, find +宾语+ doing sth.（现在分词）

1.Have you finished (copy)the new words ?

2. He likes (play) soccer , this is his hobby.

3. Schoolboys enjoy (play) computer games, while schoolgirls enjoy (chat) online.

4. Would you mind (take) these books to the teachers’ office for me?

5. The teacher kept the students (practice) exercises.

6. We are busy (get) ready for the important exam these days.

7. The girls do some (shop) every Sunday.

8. Let’s go (swim) , shall we?

9. This novel is worth (read).

10. He spent twenty thousand yuan (spend) his holiday abroad.

11. The pianist practices (play) the piano every night.

12. He’s feeling sick. He doesn’t feel like (eat) or drinking anything.

13. Thank you for (tell) me so much information.

14. She prefers (dance) to (sing) a song.

15. She dislikes (eat) meat, because she wants to be slim(苗条).

16. Mrs Green hates (travel) by air. She always falls asleep during the flight.

17. He started (learn) Chinese Kungfu at the age of five.

18. When the teacher came in student all stopped (talk).

19. They are having fun (make) model planes.

20. Jim had trouble (learn) Chinese.

21. (swim) is far more comfortable than (run) in hot summer.

22. Edison’s father saw him (sit) on some eggs one day.

23. Listen! Can you hear someone (hum) a song next door.

24. I found him (lie) in bed, tired and pale(脸色苍白).

25. The fans watched the soccer stars (practice) playing soccer yesterday afternoon.

26. Little Tom was interested in (try) out his new ideas in his own lab.

27. If you want to be healthy, you are supposed to give up (smoke).

28. Are you for or against (stay) here for night?

29. William Pan has got used to (live) in Amoy, look forward to (meet) him at Xiamen University.

31. I remembered (lend) him a thousand yuan.

新目标英语动词不定式的用法及固定结构

（2）动词不定式的用法（作后置定语的用法）。

一、用作主语

直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如：

1.As young adults, it is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge.

2.The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.

常用句式：It is /will be +形容词/名词+of sb + to do sth.

（中考必考点）It is /will be +形容词+for sb + to do sth.

（形容词：easy, difficult, hard, important, necessary）

二、用作宾语

1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如：

1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.

2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.

3)Id love to visit Mexico.

2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell.可用疑问词带to的不

定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to即why not+动词原形。如：

1)Could you please tell me where to park my car?

2)I don’t know what to do next.

3.动词feel, find, , think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。如：

I find it difficult to remember everything. （同义句）

= I find that it’s difficult to remember everything.

三、作状语

动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性，可在句中作状语。

（1）作目的状语。如：He stopped to have a rest. 他停下来休息。（to do sth =in order to do sth）

（2）作结果状语。如：

He woke up to find everybody gone.他醒来发现大家都走了。

（3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。如：I’m sorry to hear your grandma is ill.

听到你奶奶生病真遗憾。

（4）在带有enough或too的句子里作状语，表程度。如：

He is old enough to go to school.他到了上学年龄了。

（5）强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用in order to或so as to +动词原形，so as to不用于句首。如：

The bus stopped in order to pick up passengers.

四、作宾语补足语

动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重点，学习时要注意以下三种情况。

（1）作动词ask, teach , tell等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to不可以省略。如：

He asked me to talk about English study.

他请我谈谈英语学习。

（2）作使役动词let, have, make以及感官动词feel, hear, see, watch等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to要省略。如：

The teacher made him say the word like this.

老师让他像这样说这个单词。

（3）作动词help的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to可以带，也可以不带。如：

Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box？

你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗？

五、作定语

（1）不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。如：I have nothing to say on this question.对这个问题我无可奉告。

（2）如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。如：

Give me a piece of paper to write on. 给我一张纸写字。

①There is some room for us to live in.

②I have no pen to write with.

③There is nothing to worry about.

④Would you please give me a chair to sit on.

⑤She has no paper to write on.

⑥I don’t have a partner to practice English with.

（3）序数词和形容词最高级修饰的名词后常用不定式作定语。如：

Tom is the first to come to school today.

Memorizing grammar is the best way to learn English well.

Hangzhou is a good place to visit.

真有用?固定用法：以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配

希望做某事hope to do sth. ★决定做某事decide to do sth

同意做某事agree to do sth. ★需要某人做某事need to do sth.

使用某物做某事use sth to do sth ★迫不及待做某事can’t wait to do

准备做某事get/be ready to do ★尽力/努力做某事try to do sth

计划做某事plan to do sth.★希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.

轮流做某事take one’s turns to do sth. ★拒绝做某事refuse to do sth. 告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.★请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.

想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to d o sth. ★不得不have to do

同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth. ★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth. 喜欢/想要某人做某事like sb. to do sth.★encourage sb to do鼓励某人做帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do

★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事例:It your turn to clean the blackboard.

★It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了例:It’s time for me to go home.

★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是……

例: It is easy for me to learn it well. It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.

★It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间

例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. 2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night. 3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work. ★too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能例: He was to angry to say a word. ★find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.发现/认为/感到做某事是… I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.

★序数词+to do 第…..个做某事例句:Who is the first to get there?

★我不知/忘记了怎么办。I didn't know/forgot what to do.

★离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯

例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room ★be+adj+to do sth 例句:I am very sorry to hear that. I am ready to help others. I am happy / pleased / glad to meet you.

顺口溜：本领最多不定式，主表定补宾和状；样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢；大家千万要小心，有时它把句型改；作主语时用it，自己在后把身藏；七个感官三使役，宾补要把to甩开；疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当；逻辑主语不

定式，不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定，各种用法区别开。

以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法

let sb. do sth让某人做某事★ make do sth使得某人做某事 hear do sth do sth听见某人做某事★see do sth do sth看见某人做某事

why not/why don’t you +动原？为什么不.?Why not/Why don’t you take a walk?某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事

情态动词can/may /must /should+ 动词原（包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形）

助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即don’t /doesn’t /didn’t /will not /would not+ 动词原形

1.征求对方意见和提建议的句子

①Shall we play basketball?

②Let’s play basketball.

③Why don’t we see a film?

④Would you like to watch TV?

⑤Would you please go to the movies?

⑥You’d better listen t o me carefully.

⑦What / how about reading aloud to practice pronunciation

初中英语必备动词词组

l．动词+about speak／talk about 谈论think about 思考 care about 关心，对……有兴趣bring about 引起，使发生 set about 着手，开始come about 发生 hear about 听说worry about 为……担心 2．动词+away throw away 扔掉blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走，使入迷clear away 清除掉，消散 die away 逐渐消失,减弱pass away 去世 wash away 冲走take away 拿走，使消失 put away 收拾起来，存起来give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送wear away 磨掉，消耗break away 摆脱 send away 让走开turn away 把……打发走 3．动词+back keep back 隐瞒，忍住look back(on) 回顾 hold back 控制住give back 归还 call back 回电话take back 拿回，收回 4．动词+for run for 竞选ask for 要求得到 wait for 等候stand for 代表，表示 long for 渴望hope/wish for 希望得到 care for 关心，喜欢beg for 乞求 search for 查找look for 寻找 call for 需要，要求hunt for 寻找 change…for用……换charge…for收费，要价 apply for 申请take…for误以为……是 seek for 寻找come for 来拿，来取 5．动词+down burn down 烧毁break down 坏了，垮了，分解take down 记下，记录turn down 调小，拒绝 cut down 削减，砍倒slow down 慢下来 pass down 传下来put down 记下，写下，镇压calm down 平静下来bring down 使……降低，使倒下settle down 安家come down 下落，传下 tear down 拆毁，拆除 6．动词+at come at 向……袭击shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷 run at 冲向，向……攻击work at 干……活动(研究) tear at 用力撕look at 看，注视 stare at 凝视glare at 怒视 glance at 匆匆一瞥laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲(门、窗等) point at 指向 smile at 冲(某人)笑strike at 向……打击 aim at 向……瞄准shoot at 向……射击

初中英语语法动词不定式和动词ing形式汇编

初中英语语法（动词不定式和动词ing形式） 1.动词不定式结构：to do 1.动词不定式做主语，常用It 作形式主语，将to不定式后置 It’s +adj. +(for sb) to do sth （对某人来说，做……怎么样） It’s difficult for me to solve the math problem.对我来说解决这道数学题很 难。 早起很难。 It’s hard to get up early in the morning. 但是有些形容词只能与of搭配，这些词表示对别人的表扬，夸奖，责怪…， 如：clever, good, kind, nice, stupid 你这么说太好了。 It’s kind of you to say so. 你能来太好了。 It’s good of you to come. 2. 以下有几组不定式搭配要牢记： 1. in order to do sth /so as to do sth 两者都表示：为了做…… He goes to the English corner every week in order to improve his spoken English. 他每周去英语角是为了提高英语口语。 2. in order that /so that 两者也表示：为了做……后面跟的是句子，不是动词原形 He goes to the English corner every week so that he can improve his spoken English quickly. 他每周去英语角是为了能够快速的提高自己的英语口 语。 3. too +adj. to do sth :表示：太……以至于不能…… The water is too hot to drink. 水太烫了，没有办法喝。（虽然句子里面 没有not，但是这句话是表示否定意义的） 4. 形容词或副词+enough to do sth :足够……能…… 他力气不够大，搬不动书He isn’t strong enough to move the bookcase. 架。 5. 不带to 的动词不定式： a. Why not do sth ….?为什么不做……？ Why not have a try? 为什么不试一试呢？ 最好做…… b, had better do sth … You’d better work harder. 你做好再努力些。 c, have sth do sth 迫使某人做某事 The boss had the workers work day and night. 老板迫使工人们每日每夜 的干活。 d, help sb do sth 帮某人做某事 I always help my mother wash the dishes. 我总是帮我妈妈洗碗。 e, let sb do sth 让某人做某事 My mother never let me stay alone at home. 我妈妈从来不让我一个人呆 在家里。 f, make sb do sth 迫使某人做某事 The teacher always makes the students do lot of homework. 老师总是经 常让我们做很多作业。 2.动词的-ing形式

英语常见动词不定式词组

常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结 ★希望做某事hoｐe to do stｈ. ★决定做某事deｃidｅto do sｔｈ. ★同意做某事aｇree tｏｄo sth、 ★需要某人做某事neeｄto ｄo ｓth。 ★使用某物做某事ｕse sth to dｏｓtｈ ★迫不及待做某事ｃan’t wａiｔｔo ｄｏ ★准备做某事ｇet／bｅｒeady ｔｏ do ★尽力/努力做某事ｔｒｙtｏdo sth ★计划做某事ｐｌan ｔo do ｓth。 ★不得不hａve to dｏ ★轮流做某事ｔaｋe oｎｅ’ｓturｎs ｔo do st ｈ。 ★拒绝做某事ｒefｕse to dｏsｔh。 ★告诉某人做某事tell ｓｂ. to do sｔh、

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(完整版)英语常见动词不定式词组

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★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth ★想要某人做某事want /would like sb.to do sth. ★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth.. ★喜欢/想要某人做某事like sb. to do sth. ★帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do ★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某 事 ★It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了 ★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是…… ★It takes sb. time to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间

初中英语不定式词组归纳

初中不定式短语归纳 一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的21个常用动词 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 请求做某事care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：aim to do sth. 打算做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事long to do sth. 渴望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 二、接不定式作宾补的30个常用动词advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 三）接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的7个动词 (1) remember to do sth. 记住要做某事remember doing sth. 记住曾做过某事 (2) forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过某事 (3) regret to do sth. 后悔（遗憾）要做某事regret doing sth. 后悔（遗憾）曾做过某事 (4) try to do sth. 设法要做某事try doing sth. 做某事试试看有何效果 (5) mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 (6) can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 (7) go on to do sth. 做完某事后接着做另一事go on doing sth. 继续做一直在做的事 注：stop to do sth. 与stop doing sth.也不同，前者指停下来去做某事，后者指停止正在做的事，但stop to do sth. 中的不定式不是宾语，是目的状语。 中考高频短语归纳： Up ring up打电话put up举（手），挂起，张贴turn up开大（音量）give up放弃pick up拾起，搭乘，学会look up向上看，（在字典里）查阅send up发射，使上升eat up 吃光wake up 醒来stay up熬夜cheer up 使振奋，使开心set up建立，设立make up 化妆 bring up抚养get up起床go up增长use up用完，耗尽 on put on 穿上feed on以……为食come on加油knock on敲（门hold on稍等，别挂机try on试穿turn on打开（电源）get on上（车）go on继续keep an eye on 照看；留意；密切注视keep on 反复地做, 继续进行later on 后来；稍后；过些时候 out set out出发find out查明hang out到处闲逛leave out 忽略，遗漏look out当心

最新初中英语常见动词短语汇总及练习题(附解析)

初中英语高频考点之动词短语及习题(附解析) 一.同一动词＋不同介词／副词 break 短语 break in 打断；闯入 break into 破门而入 break out 爆发 break up 打碎；结束；解散 break down 发生故障；抛锚，分解 break away 脱离，放弃 come短语 come up 升起；发生 come up with 想出（主意） come across (偶然)遇见(或发现) come along 进展；一起去 come down 下降；下落 come in 进来 come from 来自 come back 回来 come on 赶快；加油 come out 出版，发行；出现；开花；发芽 come over 过来；顺便来访

come true (希望、梦想等)实现，成为现实cut 短语 cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到，消减 cut off 切断，切除 cut out 删除；删去；剪下 cut in 插嘴 fall短语 fall into 落入；陷入 fall behind 落后 fall down 摔倒，倒塌 fall off (从……上)掉下 fall asleep 入睡 fall over 绊倒；跌倒 get短语 get away 逃离 get back 返回 get down 下降 get on 上车 get off 下车 get over 克服

get up 起床；起来 get along/on with sb. 与某人相处 go短语 go away 走开;离开 go back 回去 go up 上升；增长 go out 出去；熄灭 go off（闹钟）发出响声 go over 仔细检查；复习 go through 通过 give短语 give away 赠送；分发 give back 还给；归还；恢复(健康等) give in 投降，屈服 give out 发出(气味、光线、声音、信号)；分发give up 放弃 jump短语 jump into 跳入 jump over 跳过 jump off 跳离 leave短语