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stata语法解释

stata语法解释
stata语法解释

Tab1-4

一、tabstat fpm fpm_hat , by(pop_cat) stat(mean count) format(%9.2f)

1、命令tabstat --汇总统计表(主要用于描述性统计)

2、语法:tabstat varlist [if] [in] [weight] [, options]

3、fpm fpm_hat:这两个是输出组;by(pop_cat):变量组;

stat(mean count):stat()展示统计结果,mean count 非遗漏观测计数的平均

值;format(%9.2f):设置变量的输出格式(%9.2f:字符串数据格式)

Tab5-6

一、xi: reg fpm fpm_hat pop pop_2 pop_3 i.term i.regions,r cluster(id_city)

1、命令regress--线性回归(简单线性回归)xi: reg生成虚拟变量回归

2、语法:regress depvar [indepvars] [if] [in] [weight] [, options]

3、depvar为被解释变量:fpm;

indepvars为解释变量:pm_hat pop pop_2 pop_3 i.term i.regions

二、foreach与forevalue区别:

对foreach的几种具体形式进行讲解。

—①foreachlnamein anylist{

—该种形式允许一般形式的列表(list),列表中的各个元素用空格分开。

—例如,

—foreach x in mpg weight-turn {

—summarize `x'

—}

—这时,循环会执行两次,即令局部宏x依次为mpg和weight-turn,来计算其描述统计量。—

—②foreachlnameof local lmacname {

—或 foreachlnameof global gmacname {

—这里,第一种是对局部宏lmacname中的各项进行循环,第二种是对全局宏gmacname中的各项进行循环。因为很多时候,我们事先并不知道具体的要循环的元素,而是将这些元素存储在宏中,所以这种形式很常见。此外,在所有的循环方式中,这两种方式的执行速度最快。

—③foreachlnameof varlistvarlist{

—这里,of和第一个varlist是命令格式的一部分,第二个varlist是具体的变量列表。该种形式表示我们按照变量的方式来对第二个varlist进行解读。例如,我们输入下面的语句:—foreachx of varlistmpg weight-turn {

—summarize `x'

—}

—这里,循环会执行四次,依次对mpg、weight、length和turn进行。这里,weight-turn表示从weight到turn的变量,对于“usaauto.dta”的数据,即包括变量weight、length和turn。—

—④foreachlnameof newlistnewvarlist{

—这里,foreach…of newlist…是命令格式的一部分,lname是局部宏的名称,newvarlist是新变量列表。Stata会检查指定的新变量名是否有效,但Stata并不自动将其生成。例如,我们

可以写这样的一段命令:

—foreachvarof newlist z1-z5 {

—gen `var' = runiform()

—}

—这里,循环会执行5次,我们会生成服从均匀分布的四个变量z1、z2、z3、z4和z5。——⑤foreach lname of numlist numlist {

—这里,foreach …of numlist…是命令格式的一部分,lname是局部宏的名称,numlist是数字列表。这时,Stata会按照数字的方式对numlist进行解读。

—例如:

—foreach num of numlist 1/3 5 6/10 {

—… `num' …

—}

—表示对数字1到3、5以及6到10分别执行下面的循环。

—此外,对于foreach的这几种形式,宏`ferest()'会包含当次循环中未被处理的元素。而一旦循环全部结束,宏`ferest()'就会被自动删除。

—4 forvalues语句

—forvalues语句用于对连续的数值进行循环,其基本格式为:

—forvalueslname= range {

—关于 `lname'的相关命令

—}

—这里,forvlues是对连续的数值进行循环的基本命令,lname是局部宏的名称,用于存储每次循环的数值,range代表数值的范围。这里同样要求左括号“{”与forvalues在同一行上,且其后不能有内容(但允许注释);而右括号“}”要自己占一行。

—range主要有如下几种形式:

—①#1(#d)#2 表示从数值#1到#2,步长为#d

—②#1/#2 表示从数值#1到#2,步长为1

—③#1 #t to #2 表示从数值#1到#2,步长为#t-#1

—④#1 #t : #2 表示从数值#1到#2,步长为#t-#1

—例如,我们可以输入这样的命令:

—forvaluesi= 10(-3)1 {

—display `i'

—}

—结果会依次显示10、7、4、1。

—而对于如下的命令:

—forvalues i = 15 20 :30{

—display `i'

—}

—结果会依次显示15、20、25、30。

—最后,需要说明的一点是,循环的上界在循环第一次执行时就被确定,且不会改变。这样,即便随后的命令试图修改其上界,也只会是无效的。

初中英语语法知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .

10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

(完整版)英语语法专业术语

英语语法专业术语 语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech 单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses

动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct 连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 数词numeral 基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form

英语语法习题及解析

高考英语语法练习题精选 1. --Hello, this is . A. How are you? B. Will you come tonight? C. Can I take a mesage? D. Is that Mike? 2. Tom suggested that we __________such a meeting, but Jenny insisted that it _________of great importance. A. not hold ; should be B. didn't hold ; be C. hold ; was D. not hold ; was 3. You should take the medicine after you read the __________. A. lines B. instructions C. words D. suggestions 4. --Hi, Tracy, you look tired. --I am tired. I__________ the living-room all day. A. painted B. have been painting C. had painted D. have painted 5. I'm sorry. I _____________ you__________ to me. A. don't know; are speaking B. don't know ;were speaking C. didn't know; were speaking D. didn't know; are speaking 6. "Please __________why you're so late," said his girlfriend. A. excuse B. explain C. apologize D. tell 7. The rescue team made every __________ to find the missing mountain climber.

初二英语语法总结大全

初二期末英语必考的十二大语法点 一. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 (1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。 ①单音节单词 small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest ②少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词 clever→cleverer→cleverest

narrow→narrower→narrowest (2)以不发音e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在 原级后加-st。 large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest (3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest (4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest

busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest (5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。 beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily (6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest

常用英语语法-日常

一、引出开头 1:It is well-known to us that……(我们都知道……)==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …(就我所知…) 2:Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……(最近……问题引起了关注) 3:Nowadays(overpopulation)has become a problem we have to face.(现今,人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题) 4:Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.(互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色,它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题)5:With the rapid development of science and technology,more and more people believe that……(随着科技的迅速发展,越来越多的人认为……) 6:It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……(人们一般认为……)7:A lot of people seem to think that……(很多人似乎认为……) 8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子(全世界都知道...) 二、表达不同观点 1:People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold that……However, others believe that……(人们对……的观点因人而异,有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……)2:People may have different opinions on……(人们对……可能会持有不同见解) 3:Attitudes towards (drugs)vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards(failure)(人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异) 4:There are different opinions among people as to……(对于……人们的观点大不相同) 三、表示结尾 1:In short, it can be said that……(总之,他的意思是……) 2:From what has been mentioned above, w e can come to the conclusion that……(从上面提到的,我们可以得出结论……) 3:Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……(把所有的这些因素加以考虑,我们自然可以得出结论……) 4:Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……(因此,我们最好的出这样的结论……) 5:There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.(毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点) 6:All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.(总之,我们没有……无法生活,但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题) 四、提出建议 1:It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).(该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了)2:There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……(毫无疑问,对……问题应予以足够重视) 3:Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……(显然,如果我们想要做么事,很重要的是……) 4:Only in this way can we ……(只有这样,我们才能……) 5:Spare no effort to+V(不遗余力的) 五、预示后果

经典英语语法讲解解析

三天搞定英语语法 英语语法分为两个部分。一个部分是词法,即词的构成和词的使用规律。另一个部分是句法,即句子的组成和句子的使用方法。 英语语法的特点可以用三句话来表示:1、每个词都有词性;2、每句话都有动词(实意动词或系动词);3、每句话都必须符合五个基本句型。 三句话用一句话来说,就是,标出句中每一个单词的词性,找出句中所有动词,并标出其种类和相应的句子成分。理解,掌握,运用好这句话,按照一:词性;二:动词种类;三:动词相对应的句子成分;四:从句;五:非谓语动词方法就能透彻理解英语语法体系。 词的分类 词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功能,可以分成十个大类。 词类词义英语名称缩写形式例词中译 noun n. student 学生 1、名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名 称。 2、代词主要用来代替名词。pronoun pron. you 你 3、形容词表示人或事物的性质或特征。adjective adj. happy 高兴的 4、数词表示数目或事物的顺序。numeral num. three 三 5、动词表示动作或状态。verb v. cut 砍、割 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地 6、副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时 间、地点、程度等。 7、冠词用在名词前,帮助说明名词。article art. a 一个 preposition prep. at 在... 8、介词表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句 子成分的关系。 9、连词用来连接词、短语或句子。conjunction conj. and 和 10、感叹词表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。interjection interj. Oh 哦 词性的分类: 修饰: 形容数冠代词名词 (red)(one)(a/the)(my)wood 1.名词 代替: 代词it 形容词the red 数词one

stata上机实验操作

第六章第二题: 1. 建立完成的教育年数(ED )对到最近大学的距离(Dist )的回归: . reg ed dist, robust 斜率估计值是:-0.073 2. reg ed dist bytest female black hispanic incomehi ownhome dadcoll cue80 stwmfg80,robust Dist 对ED 的效应估计是:-0.032 3. 系数下降50%,存在很大差异,(1)中回归存在遗漏变量偏差 4. di e(r2_a)(可看到调整后的R2) 第一问中=0.0074 调整的2R =0.00718796 _cons 13.95586 .0378112 369.09 0.000 13.88172 14.02999 dist -.0733727 .0134334 -5.46 0.000 -.0997101 -.0470353 ed Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] Robust Root MSE = 1.8074 R-squared = 0.0074 Prob > F = 0.0000 F( 1, 3794) = 29.83 Linear regression Number of obs = 3796 . reg ed dist , robust 2R

第二问中=0.2788 2R = 0.27693235 可以得到第二问中的拟合效果要优于第一问。 第二问中相似的原因:因为n 很大。 5. Dadcoll 父亲有没有念过大学: 系数为正(0.6961324)衡量父亲念过大学的学生接受的教育年数平均比其父亲没有年过大学的学生多。 .0232052 -.0517777 1)原因:这些参数在一定程度上构成了上大学的机会成本。 2)它们的系数估计值的符号应该如此。当Stwmfg80增加时,放弃的工资增加,所以大学入学率降低了;因而Stwmfg80的系数对应为负。 而当Cue80增加时,人们会发现找工作很困难,这降低上大学的机会成本,所以平均的大学入学率就会增加;因而Cue80的系数对应为正。 7.带入计算即可(14.75) 8.同7.(14.69) 第七章第二题 1. . reg course_eval beauty,robust 95%置信区间见上表。 2. 2R _cons 3.998272 .0253493 157.73 0.000 3.948458 4.048087 beauty .1330014 .0323189 4.12 0.000 .0694908 .1965121 course_eval Coef. Std. Err. t P>|t| [95% Conf. Interval] Robust Root MSE = .54545 R-squared = 0.0357 Prob > F = 0.0000 F( 1, 461) = 16.94 Linear regression Number of obs = 463

英语语法术语

常见的语法术语摘要 1.名词noun 动词verb 形容词adjective 数词numeral 代词 pronoun 2.介词preposition 副词adverb 连词conjunction 冠词article 感叹词 interjection 3.结构:structure 简单句simple sentences 并列句compound sentences 4.复合句complex sentences 倒装句inverted sentences 省略句elliptical sentences 5.陈述句declarative sentences 疑问句interrogative sentences 6.祈使句imperative sentences 感叹句exclamatory sentences 7.否定句negative sentences 被动句passive sentences 8.虚拟语气句subjunctive sentences 同义句synonymous sentences 9.歧义句ambiguous sentences 委婉句euphemisms 强调句emphasis 10.疑难句difficult sentences 叙述句narrative sentences 说明句expository sentences 11.议论句argumentative sentences 人物描写句descriptive sentences of people 12.动作描写句:descriptive sentences of actions 13.环境描写句descriptive sentences of environment 14.名人语句quotations 格言句maxims 谚语句proverbs 15.状语adverbial 补语complement 宾语object 宾语补助语objective complement 16.表语predicative 主语subject 谓语predicate 谓语动词finite verb 17.非谓语动词non-finite verb 情态动词modal verb 18.并列coordination 选择alternative 转折transition 对比contrast 19.原因cause 结果effect 20.动词时态verb tenses 21.一般现在时simple present (tense) 22.一般过去时simple past (tense) 一般将来时simple future (tense) 23.过去将来时future (tense) in the past 现在完成时present perfect (tense) 24.过去完成时past perfect (tense) 将来完成时future perfect (tense) 25.现在进行时present continuous (tense) 过去进行时past continuous (tense) 26.将来进行时future continuous (tense) 27.现在完成进行时present perfect continuous (tense) 28.主句main clause 从句subordinate clause 29.限定性定语从句restrictive attributive clause 30.非限定性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clause 31.宾语从句object clause 壮语从句adverbial clause 主语从句subject clause 32.表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句appositive clause 33.双重复合句double complex sentences 34.多重复合句multiple complex sentences 35.插入语parenthesis 36.IT引导的句子IT sentences

中考必考的30个英语句型,包含词汇,短语和语法解释

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资料收集于网络,如有侵权请联系网站删除 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 (比较级and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西)eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心;小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名

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