【精品整理】2020高考英语易错语法点30题专题08 状语从句(解析版)

高考语法复习8 状语从句

【走进高考】

1.【2018·江苏】_______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.

A. Once

B. Unless

C. If

D. When

【答案】B

【解析】考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。A. Once一旦；B. Unless除非；C. If如果；D. When当……时候。故选B。

2.【2018·天津】Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be eaten.

A. ever since

B. as if

C. even though

D. so that

【答案】D

【解析】考查连词短语辨析及语境理解。句意：让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子，这样的话，它们吃起来就变得足够甜。A. ever since自那时起；B. as if好像；C. even though尽管；D. so that以便。从句为目的状语从句，故用so that引导。故选D。

3.【2018·北京】_________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.

A. Although

B. While

C. If

D. Until

【答案】C

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，那么世界上的很多动植物都将会消失。动植物不灭绝的前提条件是阻止气候变化。Although 尽管；While当……时候，尽管，然而；If如果；Until直到。故选C正确。

4.【2017·北京】If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.

A. because

B. though

C. until

D. since

【答案】C

【解析】A. because 因为 B. though尽管 C. until直到 D. since自从句意：如果你无法理解某个东西，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止，根据句意可知选用until，直到，选C。

5.【2017·北京】______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.

A. Once

B. If

C. Although

D. Because

【答案】C

【解析】A. Once 一旦 B. If如果 C. Although尽管 D. Because因为。句意：尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来飞翔，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。根据语境可知前后之间是让步关系，故选C。

6.【2017·北京】—Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you h ave visited.

—No problem.

A. but

B. or

C. for

D. so

【答案】D

【解析】A. but 但是 B. or 或者 C. for 因为 D. so因此句意：Peter，请给我们寄明信片，因此我们就会知道你们去哪游览过，根据语境可知前后句之间是因果关系，故用so，选D。

7.【2017·江苏】Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.

A. why

B. when

C. which

D. where

【答案】D

【解析】考查状语从句。be located in+地点名词，位于/坐落某地，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in some place，故选D。句意：位于丝绸之路交汇处的江苏省将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。

8.【2016·北京】My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, ________ he’s in his nineties.

A. as long as

B. as if

C. even though

D. in case

【答案】C

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：即使是九十多岁了，我的爷爷仍然时不时地打打网球。A. as long as只要，引导条件句；B. as if似乎，引导方式状语从句或表语从句；C. even though即使，引导让步状语从句；D. in case 以防，引导目的状语从句。这里是转折关系，故选C。

9.【2016·北京】I am not afraid of tomorrow, ________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.

A. so

B. and

C. for

D. but

【答案】C

【解析】考查并列连词。句意：我不害怕明天，因为我已经经历了昨天并且深爱着今天。so后跟结果；and 表并列关系；for补充说明原因；but表转折。故选C。

10.【2016·江苏】______some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.

A. Because

B. If

C. Unless

D. While

【答案】D

【解析】考察连词。连词because因为；If如果；unless除非，如果…不…；while尽管，然而，当……时；句

意：尽管一些人被成功的渴望驱使着，但是其他人却被失败的恐惧驱使着前进。根据句意可知上下文之间存在转折关系，所以使用“while尽管… ”连接。故选D。

【语法精讲】

考点一

时间状语从句

一、when, while和as引导的时间状语从句

failure.

当一些人被成功的渴望所驱动的时候，另一些人却被失败的恐惧所驱动着。

◆(2016·天津卷)As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.

随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。

二、表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句

1．as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly

◆(2016·上海卷)The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy.

我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。

2．在hardly...when..., no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。

◆(全国卷Ⅱ)I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.

我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。

三、before和since引导的时间状语从句

1．before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：It will be/was ＋一段时间＋before...过了……时间才……；It won’t be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...没过多久就……

◆(天津卷)We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.

在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。

◆(重庆卷)If you miss this chance, it may be years before you get another one.

如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。

2．since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从

句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或一般现在时。

◆As is reported, it is/has been over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.

正如所报道的，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。

四、till/until引导的时间状语从句

until/till用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。

◆(2017·北京卷)If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it out.

如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。

◆She didn’t start the lesson until the pupils settled down.

等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。

五、every time, each time, next time, the first time, by the time等引导的时间状语从句

◆(北京卷)By the time you have finished this book, your meal will get cold.

等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。

[对点演练]——单句语法填空

1．When she picked up the phone after dinner to continue the game, she started to feel that something was wrong with her right eye.

2．At the same time, crowds of people stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away until/till they can be seen no more.

考点二

让步状语从句

一、although, though, as和while引导的让步状语从句

◆(2016·北京卷)Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now.

虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。

◆(陕西卷)Hot as/though the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.

夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。

(1)although引导的从句不倒装；though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序：表语/状语/动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。

(2)though可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。

(3)while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。

二、even if和even though 引导的让步状语从句

even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。

◆(湖南卷)Tim is in good shape physically even if/even though he doesn’t get much exercise.

尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。

三、“疑问词＋ever”引导的让步状语从句

(what, who, whom, when, where, which, how)＋ever 表示“无论……”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter(what, who, whom, when, where, which, how)。

◆It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.

总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。

◆(湖南卷)However/No matter how hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.

不管你多么努力尝试，如果不减少你的饭量，减肥是很困难的。

whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever还可引导名词性从句。

四、whether...or...引导的让步状语从句

whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。

◆(重庆卷)All people, whether they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.

所有人，无论衰老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。

[对点演练]——单句语法填空

1．While/Although/Though working hard does not necessarily guarantee one’s success, it is almost impossible to succeed without it.

2．However serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.

考点三

其他状语从句

one or two nights.

除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。

◆(2017·江苏卷)Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.

江苏位于“带”和“路”交汇处，将会对“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。

◆(浙江卷)Just as a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.

正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。

◆(山东卷)He had his camera ready in case he saw something that would make a good picture.他准备好了照相机，以便他看到好的东西就拍下来。

[对点演练]——单句语法填空

1．(2018·北京卷)If we don’t stop climate change, many animals an d plants in the world will be gone.

2．(2016·北京卷)I really enjoy listening to music because/as it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.

3．—Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.

—Oh, yes, where others are weak, he is strong.

析三大从句，辨七大易混点

易混点(一)定语从句和并列句

1．She has many novels, some of are interesting.

2．She has many novels, and some of are interesting.

[分析] 1.which which引导定语从句，修饰先行词novels, “some of which”在从句中作主语。2.them 此句为and引导的并列句。

[点拨]定语从句与并列句的主要区别：句中若有and, but, so等并列连词或分号则为并列句，此时不需要再填引导词。

易混点(二)定语从句和状语从句

1．(1)We young people should go to the place is in need of help.

(2)We young people should go we’re most needed.

[分析](1)which/that关系代词which/that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the place”，且在从句中作主语。

(2)where where引导地点状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词go。

[点拨]定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，地点状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。

2．(1)I will always remember the days I lived with my grandparents in the countryside.

(2)I always remember the days in the countryside I see the photo of my grandparents.

[分析](1)when when引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the days”，且在从句中作状语。(2)when when引导时间状语从句，修饰谓语动词remember。

[点拨]定语从句与时间状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示时间的先行词，而时间状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，时间状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。

3．(1)This is such an interesting work of art all of us like.

(2)This is such an interesting work of art all of us like it.

[分析](1)as such...as引导定语从句，as在定语从句中作like的宾语。(2)that such...that引导结果状

语从句。

[点拨]定语从句与结果状语从句的主要区别：the same...as与such...as引导定语从句，as在从句中充当一定的成分；such/so...that...引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不作成分。

易混点(三)定语从句和名词性从句

1．(1) is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

(2) is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

(3) is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

[分析](1)As as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后面这句话的内容。(2)It it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。(3)What what在此引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语，而后面that引导的从句则是表语从句。

2．(1) has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

(2)Anyone has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

[分析](1)Whoever whoever在此引导主语从句。(2)who who在此引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。

[点拨]定语从句与主语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，在整个句子中作定语，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；而主语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，在整个句子中作主语。

3．(1)The mother made a promise pleased all her children.

(2)The mother made a promise she would buy new toys.

[分析](1)that/which that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。(2)that that引导同位语从句。

[点拨]定语从句与同位语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，对前面的名词作进一步解释，同位语从句一般都与抽象名词同位。定语从句的引导词that在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、表语等，作宾语时可以省略；而同位语从句的引导词that在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分，且不能省略。

4．(1)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to the place is the center of the town.

(2)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live.

[分析](1)which which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。(2)where where引导宾语从句。

5．(1)Our teacher did all he could to help us.

(2)Our teacher did he could to help us.

[分析](1)that that引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语。(2)what what引导宾语从句。

6．(1)I will help those are in need of help.

(2)I will help is in need of help.

[分析](1)who who引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。(2)whoever whoever引导宾语从句。

[点拨]定语从句与宾语从句的区别：定语从句一般有先行词，从句是用来说明、描述先行词的，先行词用关系代词代替，在从句中充当成分(注意是在从句中作成分，如作宾语、主语等)；而宾语从句则是整个从句在主句中作宾语，宾语从句就是主句的宾语，简单地说，动词、介词后面的从句基本上是宾语从句。

7．(1)She was not she used to be.

(2)She was not the woman she used to be.

[分析](1)what what引导表语从句。(2)that that引导定语从句并在从句中作表语。

[点拨]定语从句与表语从句的区别：表语从句是系动词后的句子；而定语从句是跟在一个名词后或句子后，对名词或句子起修饰或补充说明的作用。

易混点(四)状语从句和固定句型

1．It was the time chinese people had a hard life.

2．It is the first time she has been in Shanghai.

[分析] 1.when when引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语。

2.that It is the first/second/third...time...是固定句型。

易混点(五)状语从句和并列句

1．you take this medicine, you will be all right.

2．Take this medicine, you will be all right.

[分析] 1.If if引导条件状语从句。2.and and连接两个并列句。

易混点(六)状语从句和名词性从句

1．I’ll try my best to help him, no matter turns to me for help.

2．I will try my best to help turns to me for help.

3．turns to me for help is welcome.

[分析] 1.who no matter who引导让步状语从句。2.whoever whoever引导宾语从句。3.Whoever Whoever引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。

易混点(七)状语从句和独立主格结构

1．time permits, we’ll go camping.

2．Time (permit), we’ll go camping.

[分析] 1.If if引导条件状语从句。2.permitting本句使用的是独立主格结构，其结构为：名词＋分词。

1．(2019·广东湛江调研)Always be grateful to other people’s kindness and show your gratitude through the words that you speak. You will make further progress you express your gratitude in time.

if/once/when解析：空处所在句的句意：如果/一旦/当你能及时表达你的感激之情(时)，你会取得更大进步。根据语境可知，设空处引导条件/时间状语从句，故填if/once/when。

2．(2019·四川成都诊断)In a talk at Tsinghua University in Beijing, Zuckerberg spoke Chinese for about 30 minutes. his Chinese was far from perfect, the students cheered his effort.

Though/Although/While解析：后句句意：尽管他的汉语很不完美，但学生们为他的努力喝彩。由句意可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，故可用Though/Although/While引导。

3．(2019·郑州第一次质量预测)I was touched that I couldn’t sleep the whole night, and thought about being a teacher in the future.

so解析：考查副词。根据固定句型so...that...“如此……以至于……”可知，应用副词so。

4．(2019·安徽蚌埠一模)People in Dali are very friendly and honest to you

you are a foreigner or just a local.

whether解析：句意：大理的人对你友好而真诚，无论你是外国人还是当地居民。whether...or...表示“无论是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。

5．(2019·江苏南京模拟)These young people are not suitable for such a simple job in an office

they are adventurous and creative in nature.

because解析：句意：这些年轻人不适合办公室里这么简单的工作，因为他们天生具有冒险精神并富有创造力。此处表示直接原因，故填because。

6．(2019·江苏淮安淮海中学段考)The visitor asked to have his picture taken

stood the famous tower.

where解析：句意：那位游客要求在那座著名的塔那儿拍照。stood the famous tower使用了倒装结构，主语是the famous tower，谓语是stood，设空处在句中作地点状语，表示“在……地方”。

7．(2019·山东滨州期中)—How long do you think it is he arrived here?

—No more than half a year, I believe.

since解析：It is＋时间段＋since sb. did sth. 为固定句型，意为“自从某人做某事到现在有多久了”。

8．(2019·江苏苏锡常镇四市调研) the Internet is bridging the distance between people, it may also be breaking some homes or will cause other family problems.

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9．(2019·广西钦州第一次质检)The house was greatly damaged by the truck and we’d better leave it it is until the police arrive.

as解析：as引导方式状语从句，意为“像……一样”，句中leave it as it is意为“保持原样”。句意：卡车严重破坏了这座房子，我们最好让它保持原样直到警察到来。

10．(2019·黑龙江大庆四校阶段联考)It wasn’t long I learned how to develop respectful relationships with my bosses and what tone of voice to use with kids.

before解析：考查时间状语从句。It wasn’t long before...意为“没花多长时间就……”。

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