期末翻译试题答案 适合大学英语专业的翻译考试,作业

期末翻译试题题型及各部分分值

1-2 长句部分上课列举的例子

1. 他的观点被驳地体无完肤

2. 但是一百年后，黑人依旧没有获得自由，一百年后，黑人的生活仍然不幸地被种族隔离的镣铐和歧视的枷锁桎梏着。

3. 将这一事实一带而过是无济于事的，需要强调和重复，充分地加以说明。

4. 所有的商品都免费送货，这个新计划在1998年亚洲经济危机最糟糕的时候启动实施。

5. 大规模杀伤性武器没有消失，由于在印度和巴基斯坦进行的核试验，核不扩散条约现在正遭到严重的破坏。

6. 对自己所做的事感到震惊，杰克冲向护栏，纵身跳向下面的岩石，在那里，大海迅速的淹没了他。

7. 将为中国提供多边论坛，用于商讨贸易问题年

8. 决不能把个人利益凌驾于国家利益之上个

9. 因此需要建立一种机制，让人们即能买得到，又能买得起.

10. 他的谎言被当场曝光了

重复

1．发言人称国务院将修改安全规范和卫生规范

2．电流的主要影响是磁效应，电效应，化学效应

3．这是我们的立场，不是他们的立场

4．他是个石油大亨，一个白手起家的石油大亨

5．轰炸外国大使馆很明显的违背了国际法，尤其是违背了日内瓦公约。

6．无知是畏惧的根源，也是羡慕的根源

7．世界人们正越来越关注另一项措施，这个措施使吸烟者越来越意识到自己的不良习惯8．总统十分欣慰地宣布，飞机从虚幻的遥远的喜玛拉雅地势低平的地方起飞

9．尽管据称原子能发电站没有危害，但这种发电站依然被建在远离人群的地方。10．这些请愿书一定会送到驻莫斯科的外国记者手里

11．字母I代表我，O代表owe

12．普通加速度是自由落体的加速度

13．太空探测器在不到600英尺的地方穿过了火星，向地面传回许多火星表面的图片14．Out of sight, out of mind眼不见心不烦

15．季节的每一次更迭，气候的每一次变换，以及一天中的每一个小时，使山峦的奇幻色彩和形状发生了变化，那些远近的家庭好主妇都把这看做准确的晴雨表

正说反译

1，第一次轰炸未击中目标

2，Hasty makes waste勿用力过猛

3，欲速则不达

4，We may safely say so我们这样说万无一失

5，The explanation is pretty thin这个解释是十分不充分的

6，The doubt was still unsolved---他一再解释，一团仍然存在

7，He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.他这人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常

8，Don’t lose time in doing—赶紧把信寄出去

9，With no exception无一例外

10，The significance of these incidents wasn’t lost on us.这些事件引起了我们的重视

合译

1. 安然起初一家公司的名字，然后变成了一桩丑闻的代名词，现在又用做一个及物动词

2. 那声音来自远处，但他知道这是一群猎狗在狂吠

3. 1953年，我刚从爱尔兰的科尔克勒来此寻找出路

被动语态

1. 这种不分党派的态度，最常见于秘密会议中

2. 许多盆地是由于地壳下沉而形成的

3. 他昨晚在一家剧院遇刺了

定语从句

1. 月球是一个声断音绝的地方，一个万籁俱寂的世界

2. There are many people很多人想看这部电影

3. 这些会议促使他辞职，理由就是他的年纪越来越大，身体越来越差

4. 我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有国籍的某种标志

5. 只有你能做到这件事

6. 这是第一次我和老板发生严重的纠纷，

7. 大使只宴请了几个人，因为他特别想她眼里是不错的丈夫人选和这几个人谈谈，听听他们的看法

8. 他吃了一只蘑菇，结果就病倒了

9. 钢零件上通常涂有油脂，免得生锈

10. 水如果不清洁就会引起重病

11. 趁你年富力强的时候，为人民做出更多的贡献吧

12. 科学家皆勤奋

分译

1. 离公园几个街区便是与公园平行的克莱门特大街，哪有几十家民族餐馆，热闹得像第二个唐人街

2. 他在公司的地位无可争议，又有相当可观的收入，这使得他在他眼里是不错的丈夫人选

3. 他没料到他的知识如此渊博，但是觉得有些不好意思，没有说出口

4. On December 31,2001,a dozen of members of the European Union 2001年12月31日，十二个欧盟成员国决定启用欧元

5. 无论是在事实上，还是在感情上，我都不是他们的敌人，而是他们的朋友

6. The shining flowerpot holder stood importantly in the west window--

课外

Neither should seek hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region and each is opposed to efforts (by any other country or group of countries) (to establish such hegemony), and neither is prepared to negotiate [on behalf of any third party] or to enter into agreements or understandings [with the other] (directed at other states).

任何一方都不应该在“亚洲-太平洋”地区谋求霸权，每一方都反对任何国家或国家集团建立这种霸权的努力；任何一方都不准备代表任何第三方进行谈判，也不准备同对方达成针对其他国家的协议或谅解。

I also accept my responsibility, (which I will discharge unconditionally,) (to honor the new

president-elect and do everything possible) [to help him bring Americans together in fulfillment of the great vision] (that our Declaration of Independence defines) and (that our constitution affirms and defends.)

我也将无条件地履行自己的职责：尊重候人总统，尽我所能帮助他团结美国人民，实现我国《独立宣言》中所标举、宪法中所允诺和保障的伟大理想。

The leaders of the People’s Republic of C hina and the United States of America found it beneficial to have this opportunity, [after so many years without contact], to present candidly to one another their views (on a variety of issues).

中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国领导人经过这么多年的一直没有接触之后，现在又机会坦率地互相介绍彼此对各种问题的观点，对此，双方认为是有益的。

The leaders of the People’s Republic of China and the United States of America found it beneficial to have this opportunity, [after so many years without contact], to present candidly to one another their views (on a variety of issues).

译文：中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国领导人经过这么多年的一直没有接触之后，现在又机会坦率地互相介绍彼此对各种问题的观点，对此，双方认为是有益的。

My Book

by George Robert Gissing (1857-1903)

Dozens of my books were purchased with money which ought to have been spent upon what are called necessities of life. Many a time I have stood befor e a stall, or a bookseller’s window, torn by conflict of intellectual desire and bodily need.

对照译文：我的成打成打的书都是用了该花在生活必需品上的钱买来的。不止次我站在书摊，或是书店的橱窗前，经受精神需要和物质需要的冲突的折磨。

参考译文：鄙人所购的许多书籍，所用之款本应用于所谓生活必需品。我时常留连于书摊前或是书店的橱窗前，在心智渴念与口腹之欲的矛盾中受尽煎熬。

鄙人勾起读者时代联想Association of age, 百年旧作

At the very hour of dinner, when my stomach clamored or food, I have been stopped by sight of a volume so long coveted, and marked at so advantageous a price, that I could not let it go: yet to buy it meant pangs of famine.

对照译文：到用晚餐的时间，当我的肚子饿得咕噜咕噜直叫的时候，我已经因为看到一本我已想要多时的书籍而停住勒脚步。树上标着很合算的价格，我实在是不能错过这个大好的机会，但是如果我买下了这本书籍，那便意味着我将经受挨饿的痛苦。

参考译文：某日正当进餐之时，我饥肠辘辘，步履却为一书所止，此书令我心仪已久，而标价竟如此诱人，实不忍失之交臂。然而，购之便意味着忍饥挨饿。

咕噜咕噜直叫，一个滑稽，一个文雅

My Heyne’s Tibullus was grasped at such a moment. It lay on the stall of the ol d book-shop in Goodge Street —— a stall where now and then one found an excellent thing among quantities of rubbish.

对照译文：我发现了海涅的诗集《狄巴拉斯》。它躺在乔治街一家旧书店的书架上，在那里人们总能从一堆无用的垃圾中挑出优秀作品来。

参考译文：那册海涅的《狄巴拉斯诗选》便得手于此种情势之下。它静卧于古畿大街一家旧书屋的书摊上，此书屋是一个可以沙里淘金的去处。

暗喻不译总有些许遗憾，沙较之于原文的rubbish更雅，更美

Sixpence was the price —— sixpence! At that time I used to eat my midday meal (of course, my

dinner) at a coffee-shop, such as now, I suppose, can hardly be found. Sixpence was all I had ——yes, all I had in the world; it would purchase a plate of meat and vegetables.

对照译文：书价为六便士——六便士！那时候，我经常在一家咖啡店用午餐（当然，我的午餐）。我想，现在那家咖啡店已经找不到了。六便士是我的全部——是的，是我在这世上拥有的一切。它可以用来购买一碟肉片和蔬菜。

参考译文：标价六便士——六便士而已！其时，我常在一家咖啡店用午餐（当然是每日的正餐），我想此类咖啡店现已鲜见。六便士便是我囊中之所有——是的，是我在这个世上全部之所有。用它可点一盘肉和蔬菜。

语气词尽显文绉绉的喜悦之情，

But I did not dare to hope that the Tibullus would wait until tomorrow, when a certain small sum fell due to me. I pace the pavement, fingering the coppers in my pocket, eyeing the stall, two appetites at combat within me. The book was bought and I went home with it, and as I made dinner of bread and butter I gloated over the pages.

对照译文：但我不敢希望这本《狄巴拉斯诗选》是否能等到明天而不被买走，而这小笔价钱有很适合我。我往返于人行道上，手指拨弄着口袋里的铜子，眼睛盯着那本书摊，两种欲望在体内疯狂地交织。终于我买下了它，带它一起回家。我边准备晚餐，面包黄油，边心满意足地翻看着书页。

原文书痴形象传神，高雅文体特点突出。译文既绘形，有传神。

In this Tibullus I found penciled on the last page: “Perlegi (注：拉丁语，意即读完)，Oct. 4, 1792,”who was that possessor of the book, nearly a hundred years ago? There was no other inscription. I like to imagine some poor scholar, poor and eager as I myself, who bought the volume with drops of his blood, and enjoyed the reading of it even as I did. How much that was I could not easily say.

对照译文：在这本《狄巴拉斯》中，我发现最后一页有铅笔写的小字：“1792年10月4日，读完。”那或许是此书一百年前的拥有者所写的吧！除此之外，书中再无笔迹。我喜欢把那位书的曾经拥有者想象成和我一样的穷学者，虽然穷却获得此书。也许他靠血汗才购得此书，却依然如我一样享受读书之乐趣，即使我无法轻易确定此中有多少乐趣。

YOUTH-- Samuel Ullman

Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.

Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite, for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of sixty more than a body of twenty. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals.

Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.

Whether sixty or sixteen, there is in every human being's heart the lure of wonder, the unfailing child-like appetite of what's next, and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station; so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the Infinite, so long are you young.

When the aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old, even at twenty, but as long as your aerials are up, to catch the waves of optimism, there is hope you may die young at eighty.

青春不是指生命的一段时间，而是指一种精神状态；他并不是指红润的面颊、透红的嘴唇和

灵便的腿脚，而是指坚强的意志、丰富的想象和强烈的感情。他是指生命的源头活水的清新之感。

青春意味着在气质上勇敢多于怯懦，冒险进取多于舒适苟安，这在60岁的老人中往往比在20岁的青年人中更为常见。人之变老不仅由于年岁的增长，我们之变老常常是因为放弃了对理想的追求。

青春不是年华，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志，恢宏的想象，炙热的恋情；青春是生命的深泉在涌流。

青春气贯长虹，勇锐盖过怯弱，进取压倒苟安。如此锐气，二十后生而有之，六旬男子则更多见。年岁有加，并非垂老，理想丢弃，方堕暮年。

Dozens of my books were purchased with money which ought to have been spent upon what are called necessities of life. Many a time I have stood before a stall, or a bookseller’s window, torn by conflict of intellectual desire and bodily need.

对照译文：我的成打成打的书都是用了该花在生活必需品上的钱买来的。不止次我站在书摊，或是书店的橱窗前，经受精神需要和物质需要的冲突的折磨。

参考译文：鄙人所购的许多书籍，所用之款本应用于所谓生活必需品。我时常留连于书摊前或是书店的橱窗前，在心智渴念与口腹之欲的矛盾中受尽煎熬。

鄙人勾起读者时代联想Association of age, 百年旧作

At the very hour of dinner, when my stomach clamored or food, I have been stopped by sight of a volume so long coveted, and marked at so advantageous a price, that I could not let it go: yet to buy it meant pangs of famine.

对照译文：到用晚餐的时间，当我的肚子饿得咕噜咕噜直叫的时候，我已经因为看到一本我已想要多时的书籍而停住勒脚步。树上标着很合算的价格，我实在是不能错过这个大好的机会，但是如果我买下了这本书籍，那便意味着我将经受挨饿的痛苦。

参考译文：某日正当进餐之时，我饥肠辘辘，步履却为一书所止，此书令我心仪已久，而标价竟如此诱人，实不忍失之交臂。然而，购之便意味着忍饥挨饿。

My Heyne’s Tibullus was grasped at such a moment. It lay on the stall of the old book-shop in Goodge Street —— a stall where now and then one found an excellent thing among quantities of rubbish.

对照译文：我发现了海涅的诗集《狄巴拉斯》。它躺在乔治街一家旧书店的书架上，在那里人们总能从一堆无用的垃圾中挑出优秀作品来。

参考译文：那册海涅的《狄巴拉斯诗选》便得手于此种情势之下。它静卧于古畿大街一家旧书屋的书摊上，此书屋是一个可以沙里淘金的去处。

暗喻不译总有些许遗憾，沙较之于原文的rubbish更雅，更美

Sixpence was the price —— sixpence! At that time I used to eat my midday meal (of course, my dinner) at a coffee-shop, such as now, I suppose, can hardly be found. Sixpence was all I had —— yes, all I had in the world; it would purchase a plate of meat and vegetables.

对照译文：书价为六便士——六便士！那时候，我经常在一家咖啡店用午餐（当然，我的午餐）。我想，现在那家咖啡店已经找不到了。六便士是我的全部——是的，是我在这世上拥有的一切。它可以用来购买一碟肉片和蔬菜。

参考译文：标价六便士——六便士而已！其时，我常在一家咖啡店用午餐（当然是每日的正餐），我想此类咖啡店现已鲜见。六便士便是我囊中之所有——是的，是我在这个世上全部之所有。用它可点一盘肉和蔬菜。

语气词尽显文绉绉的喜悦之情

But I did not dare to hope that the Tibullus would wait until tomorrow, when a certain small sum fell due to me. I pace the pavement, fingering the coppers in my pocket, eyeing the stall, two appetites at combat within me. The book was bought and I went home with it, and as I made dinner of bread and butter I gloated over the pages.

对照译文：但我不敢希望这本《狄巴拉斯诗选》是否能等到明天而不被买走，而这小笔价钱有很适合我。我往返于人行道上，手指拨弄着口袋里的铜子，眼睛盯着那本书摊，两种欲望在体内疯狂地交织。终于我买下了它，带它一起回家。我边准备晚餐，面包黄油，边心满意足地翻看着书页。

参考译文：然而，我岂敢奢望《狄巴拉斯诗选》会等我到明日，而谁知明日又会不会恰有一笔菲薄的收入落入囊中解我渴书之念。我踯躅于人行道上，手指拨弄着口袋中的铜币，双眼盯视着书摊上的书籍。两种诱惑，一并袭来，在我内心一决高下。书，买下了，我携之回家。边吃着黄油面包的午餐，边忘情地徜徉于字里行间。

原文书痴形象传神，高雅文体特点突出。译文既绘形，有传神。

In this Tibullus I found penciled on the last page: “Perlegi ，Oct. 4, 1792,”who was that possessor of the book, nearly a hundred years ago? There was no other inscription. I like to imagine some poor scholar, poor and eager as I myself, who bought the volume with drops of his blood, and enjoyed the reading of it even as I did. How much that was I could not easily say.

对照译文：在这本《狄巴拉斯》中，我发现最后一页有铅笔写的小字：“1792年10月4日，读完。”那或许是此书一百年前的拥有者所写的吧！除此之外，书中再无笔迹。我喜欢把那位书的曾经拥有者想象成和我一样的穷学者，虽然穷却获得此书。也许他靠血汗才购得此书，却依然如我一样享受读书之乐趣，即使我无法轻易确定此中有多少乐趣。

参考译文：在《狄巴拉斯诗选》的末页，我发现铅笔的笔注：1792年10月4日，读毕。百年之前，谁藏此书？除此之外，别无他迹。我喜遥想：一介寒生，贫而爱书，一如鄙人，用滴学的钱买下此书，又如我一般，字品句尝，乐在其中。欲细言此乐，我自叹舌拙笔颓。

译文：在《狄巴拉斯诗选》的末页，我发现铅笔的笔注：1792年10

说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。

按写作方法,英语说明文主要分为下面六种类型:

1.例证法

这是用具体例子来说明人或事物的特征、本质及其规律的方法,所用例子必须有代表性、典型性,能体现人或事物的本质特征。这是用特殊来说明一般的方法。通常在主题句后,用For example 或For instance 等短语引导出具体的例子。例如:

Our life today depends very much on energy. For example, machines have made our life easier than it used to be. The machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods-everything. Factories use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell.

这段主要是讲能源问题。第一句为主题句,概括地说出"我们目前的生活很大程度上依赖能源"。接着用举例的方法从三方面说明能源的作用。

2.定义法

下定义就是给说明对象一个明确概念。这是科学而严密的说明方法。它既能揭示事物的本质特征,勾勒其大概,描绘其轮廓,同时也能确定事物的范围和界限。下定义是多方面的,可以给人、事物、思想等下定义。例如:

An ideal teacher must have the following characteristics. He should know his subject, but he can make mistakes if he is willing to learn. His personality is as important as his scholarship. An ideal teacher must be enthusiastic. He should be a bit of an actor and he shouldn't be afraid to show his feelings and express his likes and dislikes. An ideal teacher is one who grows, learns, and improves himself along with his students.

本段的展开是通过对"一个模范教师"下定义的方法,关键词"ideal teacher"在文中多次重复,能加深读者的印象。

3.分类法

分类法是对同属不同类或同类而不同种的人或事物,根据不同性质进行分门别类地说明的方法。分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一。分类必须遵守分类规则,使分类对象具有统一属性,依据同一分类标准,并使分类的子项相互排斥,不互相包蕴。例如: As far as political views are concerned, people fall into three categories. First are the conservative people. Conservatives are opposed to sudden or great changes. Second are the liberal people. These people are in favour of progress and reform. But their opinions often seem too idealistic. Third are the moderate people. The moderates keep everything within reasonable limits. They are more practical in this hard world. In my opinion, most people seem to belong to this group.

本段把人按政治观点分为三类:保守派(conservative people)、自由派(liberal people)和温和派(moderate people),并对他们各自的特征进行了简要的分析。

4.因果关系法

事物变化的原因和结果是紧密相关的。如果某个现象的存在必然引起另一个现象的发生,那么,这两个现象之间就具有因果关系。因果关系包括"由果推因"(由结果去推测原因)和"由因推果"(由原因去推测结果)两种情况。因果关系符合人们的日常思维逻辑,因而在写作中得到广泛应用,常用because, as, since, so, now that, if...then, the reason is that...等表示因果关系。例如:

Of the four seasons, I like spring best. I prefer spring because it is a season of much joy and gaiety. New life bursts out everywhere. Plants wear a green coagain and colorful flowers blossom in gardens and mountains. The old come outdoors for fresh air and the young plan for outdoor activities. Life becomes so energetic and happy.

第一句为本段主题句,末句是总结句。在主题句后, 作者用了四个句子阐述自己喜欢春天的理由。

5.比较对照法

有意识地把两种相反、相对的事物或同一事物相反、相对的两个方面放在一起,用比较的方法加以描述或说明,指出其相同点,这种写法叫作"比较";指出其不同点,叫作"对照"。比较和对照各有不同的侧重,但两种方法经常结合使用。

进行比较对照通常有两种方式。第一种方式采用"先A后B"的结构,即A1,A2,A3...;B1,B2,B3...。第二种方式采用"AB交错"结构,即A1,B1;A2,B2;A3,B3...。第一种方式采用先A后B的结构实际上是把一个段落(或一篇文章)分割为两部分,先全面讲A,再全面讲B,这样做较难收到强烈的对比效果。多数人认为第二种方式比较好,因为把对比的双方AB逐点交错,可以避免行文的单调沉闷,对比的效果也会更鲜明突出。例如: It is easy to be a winner. A winner can show his joy publicly. He can laugh and sing and

dance and celebrate his victory. People love to be with winners. Winners are never lonely. Unlike winners, losers are the lonely ones of the world. It is difficult to face defeat with dignity. Losers can not show their disappointments publicly. They can not cry or grieve about their defeat. They may suffer privately, but they must be composed in public. They have nothing to celebrate and no one to share their sadness.

这段采用先A后B的对照方式,阐述胜利者和失败者的不同特征。这种写法较易操作,但行文往往比较平淡单调。再来看看AB交错的比较方式:

I like having a twin sister. When she’s happy, I’m happy. When she feels unhappy, I feel the same. Often, I know what she’s going to say. Sometimes, I know what she’s thinking. I like what she likes. I hate what she hates. We like the same music, the same food and the same books.

这段采用AB交错的比较方式,阐述孪生姐妹的相同特征。这种写法较流畅自然,给读者的印象也更鲜明突出。

6.过程分析法

过程分析法就是把事物发展过程分为若干步骤,然后逐一加以分析说明。这种写法在说明文中使用得相当广泛。过程分析与叙事和因果关系等写法有密切关系,但彼此又有明显区别:叙事研究的对象是"What happens";因果关系研究的对象是"Why it happens",而过程分析研究的对象是"How it happens"。例如:

There are several steps to plant a tree. First, dig a hole large enough for the tree, but the hole should not be too deep. Second, put the tree in the hole so that it is straight. Third, put the earth back into the hole again. Push it down hard with your foot several times. Finally, water the tree well, as often as possible.

这段分析了植树过程中的几个步骤。全段层次分明,连接词语(first, second, third, finally)的使用加强了语句的连贯性。

还必须说明的是,在实际写作中,我们很少单独采用上述几种方法中的某一种。不少段落(或文章)的写作都是综合使用各种不同的写作方法。同时还应明确,在写作中有意识地侧重使用某一种方法是有好处的。此外,上述这些说明文的写作方法在议论文中也常被采用。如何使用这些方法,写出一篇好的文章来,还需在平时认真积累,勤加练习。

翻译期末作业

浅谈中国菜名的翻译 我国悠久的历史和广袤的国土孕育了中国独特的烹饪艺术和丰富的饮食文化。我们国家也以几千年的饮食文化文明于世。随着我国经济飞速发展，与国外交流日益增多，餐饮业也面临着走向世界的机遇和挑战。中国菜名是汉语语汇中承载中国文化最多的语汇之一, 不仅承载着几千年来的中国饮食文化, 还承载着大量的非饮食文化, 如神话、民俗、历史、文学、宗教信仰等等, 在菜名所传达的表层语义背后有着更为深厚复杂的多元文化元素。同时由于饮食与文化的密切联系，这些都大大增大了翻译的难度。 1.首先我们来看一下一些我们常见的错误翻译 长期以来，菜名的翻译没有统一的标准，加上译者水平有限和地域差异，并不了解菜式的内涵，致使很多菜名的翻译让人感到不知所云。比如口水鸡slobbering chicken、童子鸡chicken without sexual life、夫妻肺片the couple’s lung 等，这翻译让外国人看了都吓跑了，哪里还有食欲吃饭呢？再如东坡肉poet Dongpo’s braised pork，东坡肉是用蒸的方法做出来的，所以这里应该为Poet Dongpo’s steamed pork 而不是用braised；“鱼香肉丝”较常见的有两种译法，另外也有人译为shredded pork with garlic sauce，前者译法为直译，后者加了简单的解释，虽然看似简单易懂，很直观，但是译者没有弄清楚此菜的配料，川菜口味浓重，很多菜肴的配料都是少不了“川菜之魂”郫县豆瓣酱，鱼香肉丝正是用到此配料，是不用所谓的大蒜酱，所以后者翻译存在误的地方；水煮鱼，也是川菜中的代表作，又麻又辣，有译者翻译为tender stewed fish，这个译法不够全面，应该在后面加上in chili sauce；夫妻肺片译为pork lungs in chili sauce，这个译法的译者应该不明白此菜的来历和主料，夫妻肺片根本不是用猪肺做成的，而且和肺一点都不沾边，此菜的主料都是用牛内脏，所以这个译发讲不通。对于以上的翻译错误我们不能只是一笑而过，我们应该感受到菜名翻译的难度，从而思考怎样才能更好的翻译来达到最佳的效果。

土木专业英语翻译作业

桂林理工大学土木与建筑工程学院 土木工程专业英语外文翻译，中文翻译 姓名：马凤志 专业：土木应用 班级：10级9班 学号：3100510939

原文

中文翻译 The Influence of Concrete Compaction on the Strength of Concrete Filled Steel Tubes 压实混凝土对混凝土强度的影响 Lin-Hai Han School of Civil Engineering, Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Haihe Road 202, PO Box 689, Harbin 150090, P.R. China 韩林海，哈尔滨建筑大学，土木与建筑工程学院，海河路202号，邮政信箱，689，哈尔滨，150090 中国 ABSTRACT: Tests on twenty-one concrete filled steel tubes to investigate the influence of compaction methods on the strength of concrete filled steel tubular members are reported. 摘要：测试二十一钢管混凝土试验，研究了钢管对混凝土构件强度压实方法的影响报告。 Two parameters were investigated, including slenderness ratio and load eccentricity. 对两个参数进行研究，包括长细比和荷载偏心。 It was found that better compaction of concrete resulted in higher values of the ultimate strength of concrete filled steel

英语翻译期末试卷

黄山学院初等教育学院2008－2009学年度第二学期06级英语班《英语翻译》期末考试卷 班级序号姓名成绩 一、选择题。（请将答案写在序号前面）20% 1. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. A. 许多领域的成功都取决于能否得到最新消息。 B. 田里的收成在很多方面依靠获得最新的消息。 C. 从很多方面讲，成功主要依靠在最后的时刻还能得到信息。 D. 在众多领域里，成功是获得最晚信息的保障。 2. At least three persons died in the fire and 23 others were injured. A. 至少3人因这次火灾和另外23次火灾造成死亡。 B. 起码有3个人在大火中丧命，23个以外的人受伤。 C. 火灾造成至少3人死亡，23人受伤。 D. 至少有3人死于火海，23人被火海包围。 3. Not only has he a first-class brain, but he is also a tremendously hard worker. A. 在一班，他不仅是头领，而且，也是一个非常严肃的工作者。 B. 他有一流的头脑，是个非常难对付的家伙。 C. 他不仅头脑好用，而且，还喜欢做极端困难的工作。 D. 他不仅头脑非常聪明，而且，工作上也非常勤奋。 4. It is reported that some areas of Australia have had no rain for more than four years. A. 有报道说，澳大利亚地区已经4年多没下雨了。 B. 据报道，澳大利亚的部分地区有4年多没下雨了。 C. 澳大利亚的个别地方被报道说没下雨的时间已经超过了4年。 D. 报纸报道，某些澳大利亚地区已经有4年多没下雨的时间。 5. The village was named after the high mountain standing in front of it. A. 这个村庄是以矗立在它面前的那座高山命名的。 B. 这个村庄的名字是来自于它面前的那座高山。 C. 这个村庄的名字是在前面的那座高山之后起的。 D. 这个村庄的名字是以站立在它面前的那座高山起的。 6. It was officially announced that the birth rate dropped greatly in the past three years. A. 据官方宣布，出生率在过去的三年中有了大幅下降。 B. 正式宣布，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 C. 正式宣布，出生率大幅下降在过去三年。 D. 据正式声明，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 7. The introduction of the new technique reduced the cost of the product three times. A. 对新技术的介绍，使产品的成本减少到三分之一。 B. 新技术的引进使产品的成本减少了三倍。 C. 对新技术的介绍使产品的成本减少到原来的三分之二。 D. 新技术的引进使产品成本减少了三分之二。 8. If you are buying a car, you may pay for it out of savings. A. 假使你正在买一辆汽车，你也许会透支购买。 B. 如果你要买一辆汽车，你可以用自己的储蓄存款支付。 C. 假定你打算买一辆汽车，你得花掉你得全部存款。 D. 加入你买一辆汽车，你需要用你的积蓄交此款。 9. Full-service banks can offer services unavailable at smaller financial institutions. A. 全面服务的银行能提供在小财政机构所不能获得的服务。 B. 提供全方位服务的银行能提供较小的金融机构所不能提供的服务。 C. 充满了服务的银行可能提供给较小的财政机构某些无法获得的服务 D. 全面服务的银行可能提供服务，这种服务是较小的金融机构所不能提供的。 10. The following qualifications are required from the candidates for the above position. A. 我们要求应聘高职位的求职者需具备以下资历。 B. 应聘以上职位，需具备下列资格。 C. 候选人为了高职位要求自己具备以下资历。 D. 以下资历是对应聘此职位的候选人的要求。 二、用正反表达法翻译下列句子。20% 1. The teacher found some of the pupils absent. 2. I wonder if he is coming. 3. Your request is beyond my power. 4. You will fail unless you work harder. 5. That lazy boy went to class before he had prepared his lesson. 6. Be sure to lock the door when you leave. 7. Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. 8. The doubt still unsolved after his repeated explanation. 9. Such flight couldn’t long escape notice. 10. All the articles are untouchable in the museum. 三、用重复法翻译下列句子。20% 1. We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 2. It's our duty to rebuild and defend our home-land. 3. People forget your face first, then your name. 4. Each had his own business to handle. 5. Big families had their own difficulties.

英语期末考试句子翻译

任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票（vote）.(be eligible to ) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for,scholarship) A form to apply for scholarships is sent by the university to each student before the start of each semester . 遵照医生建议，我决定戒烟。（on the advice of） On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking . 公司位于县城的正中央.(Be located in) The park is located right in the center of town . 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(Facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire. 警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。（fill out） The policemen are busy filling out forms about the accident. 我想在还车之前把邮箱（fuel tank）加满（fill up） I want to fill up the fuel tank before returning the car. 如果你要投诉，最好遵循正确的程序。（follow the procedure） If you want to make a complaint,you would better follow the correct procedure. 要不是约翰帮忙，我们绝不会这么快就完成实验。（without） We could not have finished the experiment so soon without John’s help. 暴风雨之后，岸边的人们焦急地搜索湖面以期待发现小船的踪迹。 After the storm of boat the people on the store anxiously scanned the lake for any sign. 我们需要通过减少道路上的车辆以降低燃料消耗。（consumption） We need to cut down on our fuel consumption by having fewer cars on the road. 电费上涨增加了我们的负担。（add to） The rise in power costs has added to our burden. 你应该自己判断行事，别总是跟在你哥哥后面。（follow the lead） You should fudge by yourself,and not always follow your brother’s. 那种发型今年很流行，但是我想明年就会过时。（in fashion） That hair style is in fashion this year,but I an afraid it will be out of fashion next year. 在追求真理的过程中，我们注定（fate to）要遭受失败的痛苦。（in one’s quest for） In our quest for truth, we are fated to suffer from many failures. 我们得把感情放在一边，从专业的（professinal）角度来对待这件事。（from a```stand point）We have to put aside our emotions and take it from a professional stand point. 这部戏非常精彩，我很快就沉浸于激动人心的剧情之中。（lose oneself in of ） The plan was so wonderful that I soon lost myself in the excitement in of it. 她没有什么爱好——除非你把看电视也算是一种爱好。 She hasn’t got any hobbies---unless you call watching TV a hobby. 他说他是直接从市长本人那里得到这个信息的。（first-hand） He said he had got the information first-hand from the major himself. 既然你不能回答这个问题，我们最好问问别人。（since） Since you can not answer the question, perhaps we would better ask someone else. 那件工作很难做，不过我想试试看。（have a shot） It is a difficult iob but I’d like to have a shot. 这是一本关于商务实践而非理论的书。（as opposed to）

专业英语大作业

专业英语大作业 一：英译汉 翻译范围TCP/IP Illustrated, V olume 1: The Protocols 5.1~5.5 15.1~15.2 第5章RARP：逆地址解析协议 5.1简介 5.2 RARP报文格式 5.3 RARP示例 5.4 RARP服务的设计 5.5小结 练习 5.1简介 一个拥有本地磁盘的系统通常是从磁盘文件读取配置文件中获取其IP地址。但一个没有磁盘的系统，如X终端或无盘工作站，需要一些其它方式去获得其IP地址。 每个系统在网络上都有一个唯一的硬件地址，由网络接口的制造商分配。 RARP的原则是无盘系统从接口卡上读取其独特的硬件地址，并发送RARP请求（网络上的广播帧）要求别人对无盘系统的IP地址（使用RARP回应）进行应答。 虽然这个概念很简单，执行往往比ARP更难，在本章后面会描述其原因。 RARP的正式规范是RFC 903。 5.2 RARP报文格式 RARP报文的格式几乎与ARP报文是相同的（图4.3）。唯一的区别是，RARP 的请求或应答帧类型为0×8035，并且在操作层RARP请求值为3、RARP应答值为4。 图4-3 ARP在网络上请求与应答报文的格式 与ARP一样，RARP服务器请求是广播和RARP应答通常是单播。 5.3 RARP示例 在我们的网络，我们可以强制sun主机从网络引导，而不是它的本地磁盘。 如果我们在主机bsdi上运行RARP服务器和tcpdump，我们得到如图5.1所示的输出。我们使用-e参数去标记tcpdump的打印硬件地址：

图5.1 RARP请求和应答。 该RARP请求是广播（1号线）的，第2行的RARP应答是单播的。第2行的输出，“at sun”,意味着RARP应答包含了主机sun（140.252.13.33）的IP地址。 在第3行，我们看到，一旦sun接收其IP地址，它会发出一个TFTP读请求（RRQ）的文件8CFCOD21.SUN4C。（TFTP是简单文件传输协议，我们在第15章进行详细描述）。在文件名中的8个十六进制数字是sun主机的IP地址140.252.13.33的十六进制表示形式。这是在RARP应答中返回的IP地址。该文件名的其余部分，后缀SUN4C表示系统正在引导的类型。 Tcpdump表示第3行是一个长度为65的IP数据报，而不是一个UDP数据报（实际上它确实是），因为我们运行tcpdump命令使用-e参数，看硬件级别的地址。另一点，在图5.1要注意的是在第2行的以太网帧的长度似乎比最小较短（我们所说的是在4.5节60字节）。原因是我们的系统，该系统上运行的tcpdump 发送该以太网帧（BSDI）。该应用程序rarpd，写42字节到BSD分组过滤器装置（14字节的以太网报头和28字节的RARP应答），这是什么的tcpdump收到的副本。但以太网设备驱动程序垫这个短帧的最小尺寸为传输（60 ）。如果我们在另一个系统上已经运行的tcpdump ，长度会是60。 我们可以看到在这个例子，当这种无盘系统接收在RARP应答它的IP地址，它会发出一个TFTP请求来读取一个引导映像。在这一点上，我们不会进入其他详细介绍无盘系统是如何引导自己。（第16章介绍了使用RARP ，BOOTP和TFTP无盘X终端的引导顺序。） 图5.2表示出了如果有在网络上没有RARP服务器所得到的数据包。每个数据包的目的地址为以太网的广播地址。以太网地址跟随的是目标硬件地址，并按照发送端的硬件地址发送。

英语期末考试翻译句子

Unit1 A new study shows that dogs can detect if someone has cancer just by sniffing the person’s breath. Ordinary household dogs with only a few weeks of basic training learn to accurately distinguish between breath samples of lung- and breast-cancer patients and healthy subjects.One expert, who led the research, said, “Our study provides compelling evidence that cancers hidden beneath the skin can be detected simply by (dogs’) examining the odors of a person’s breath.” Early detection of cancers greatly improves a patient’s survival chances, and researchers hope that man’s best friend, the dog, can become an important tool in early screening. Unit 2 A research team recently replicated a bacterium’s genetic structure entirely from l aboratory chemicals, moving one step closer to creating the world’s first artificial organism. The researchers said, “It’s the second step of a three-step process to create a synthetic organism. But the final step could prove far more difficult.” Nonetheless, the research is pushing forward at a rapid pace. Last June, the team revealed details of an experiment in which researchers inserted the DNA of one species of bacterium into the cells of another. That process almost magically booted up the inserted genome. The research team hopes to use a similar trick to boot up the artificially created genome, so as to create a man-made living organism. Unit 3 In recent years, the psychologists from many countries banded together to do a research which indicated that continued income growth could make people apply themselves to an ongoing consumption race rather than promote overall happiness. Everyone has to spend more and more money in order to maintain a constant level of happiness. This is because our vanity and jealousy are functioning . The way to sort out them out is to cultivate the noble sentiment of being considerate and serving the society. People shouldn’t pin all their hopes on money. Instead , friends, family and work are also playing a very improtant role . Therefore, hapiness is not an inborn trait, but a talent which everyone can learn. Unit 4 I used to feel excited at teaching my students the elegant economic theories that could supposedly cure societal problems of all types. But what is the good of all my complex theories when people were dying of starvation on the sidewalks and porches across from my lecture hall? My lessons were like the American movies where the good guys always win. But when I emerged from the comfort of the classroom, I was faced with the reality of the city streets. Here good guys were mercilessly beaten and trampled. Daily life ws getting worse, and the poor were growing even poorer. Unit 5 No one thought that shy little Einstein would grow up to a prominent scientist. He was slow in learning to speak, and he often paused to consider what he would say during a conversation.In school, Albert Einstein was singled out by his teachers as a troublesome child because he liked to ask difficult strange questions. He did not like to memorize facts and rules, but was interested in what lay below the surface of things. When he was four or five years old, for instance, his father gave him a compass. Little Einstein was curious about the mysterious force that could keep a compass needle always pointing north, which prompted him to read widely in science. His real studies were mostly done at home by reading books on mathematics, physics, and philosophy. Unit 6 Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm. They prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make their own minds. They tend to take the initiatives, even when there is a risk in doing so. They have courage and do not give in easily. They are considered sentimental. When they see a flag on ceremonial occasions, or attend parades celebrating Ame rica’s glorious past, tears may come to their eyes. They tend to be emotional at the reunions with family and friends, too. Sometimes, they can laugh at themselves and their country, while they will always remain intensely patriotic.

上海海洋大学专业英语期末翻译

Analog computers are analog devices. That is, they have continuous states rather than discrete numbered states. An analog computer can represent fractional or irrational values exactly, with no round-off. Analog computers are almost never used outside of experimental settings. 模拟计算机是模拟设备。也就是说，他们是连续状态而不是离散的有限状态。一个模拟计算机可以精确代表小数或无理数，没有舍入。模拟计算机几乎从不被使用在实验设置以外。 A processor typically contains an arithmetic/logic unit (ALU), control unit( including processor flags, flag register, or status register), internal buses, and sometimes special function units( the most common special function unit being a floating point unit for floating point arithmetic). 一个处理器通常包含一个算术/逻辑单元（运算器），控制单元(包括处理器标志，标志寄存器，或状态寄存器)，内部总线，有时特殊功能单元(最常见的特殊功能单元作为一个浮点单元用于浮点运算)。 CISC stands for Complex Instruction Set Computer. Mainframe computers and minicomputers were CISC processors, with manufacturers competing to offer the most useful instruction sets. Many of the first two generations of microprocessors were also CISC. CISC代表复杂指令集计算机。大型计算机和小型计算机是CISC处理器，与制造商竞争提供最有用的指令集。微处理器的前两代中许多也是CISC。 Lesson 2 Supercomputer is a broad term for one of the fastest computers currently available. Supercomputers are very expensive and are employed for specialized applications that require immense mounts of mathematical calculations (number crunching). 超级计算机是一个广泛的术语，因为它是目前可用的最快的计算机之一。超级计算机是非常昂贵的，并且它被用于需要大量的数学计算（数字运算）的专门应用。 It is a midsize computer. In the past decade, the distinction between large minicomputers and small mainframes has blurred, however, as has the distinction between small minicomputers and workstation. But in general, a minicomputer is a multiprocessing system capable of supporting up to 200 users simultaneously. 它是一个中型计算机。在过去的十年中，大的小型机和小的大型机之间的区别已经模糊，然而，有小的小型机和工作站之间的区别。但在一般情况下，一个小型机是一个能够同时支持多达200个用户的多处理系统。 Workstations generally come with a large, high-resolution graphics screen, a large amount of RAM, built-in network support, and a graphical user interface. Most workstations also have a mass storage device such as disk drive, but a special type of workstation, called a diskless workstation, comes without a disk drive. 工作站一般都配有一个大的，高分辨率的图形屏幕，大量的内存，内置网络支持以及一个图形用户界面。大多数工作站也有一个大容量存储设备如磁盘驱动器，但是一种特殊类型的工作站，被称为无盘工作站，是不带磁盘驱动器的。

电子商务专业英语作业翻译

E-commerce (electronic commerce or EC) is the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet, especially the World Wide Web. In practice, this term and a newer term, e-business, are often used interchangably. For online retail selling, the term e-tailing is sometimes used. 电子商务（电子商务或电子商务）是购买和出售的商品和服务在互联网，特别是万维网上的。在实践中，这项和一个新的术语，电子商务，往往交替使用。网上零售，电子零售的术语有时用。 E-tailing or The Virtual Storefront and the Virtual Mall 网上或虚拟商店和虚拟商店 As a place for direct retail shopping, with its 24-hour availability, a global reach, the ability to interact and provide custom information and ordering, and multimedia prospects, the Web is rapidly becoming a multibillion dollar source of revenue for the world's businesses. A number of businesses already report considerable success. As early as the middle of 1997, Dell Computers reported orders of a million dollars a day. By early 1999, projected e-commerce revenues for business were in the billions of dollars and the stocks of companies deemed most adept at e-commerce were skyrocketing. Although many so-called dotcom retailers disappeared in the economic shakeout of 2000, Web retailing at sites such as https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba12241115.html,, https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba12241115.html,, and https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba12241115.html, continues to grow. 作为一个直接的零售购物，其24小时供应，全球性的，互动的能力，并提供自定义信息和订购，和多媒体，网络正在迅速成为一个数十亿美元的收入来源，为全球的企业。一些企业已报告了相当大的成功。早在1997年年中，戴尔电脑报告的订单一百万美元一天。1999年初，预计的电子商务业务收入都在数十亿美元的股票和公司认为最善于电子商务暴涨。虽然许多所谓的互联网零售商消失在经济衰退2000，网上零售网站如https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba12241115.html,，https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba12241115.html,，和https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ba12241115.html,继续增长 Market Research 市场研究 In early 1999, it was widely recognized that because of the interactive nature of the Internet, companies could gather data about prospects and customers in unprecedented amounts -through site registration, questionnaires, and as part of taking orders. The issue of whether data was being collected with the knowledge and permission of market subjects had been raised. (Microsoft referred to its policy of data collection as "profiling" and a proposed standard has been developed that allows Internet users to decide who can have what personal information.) Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

英语专业期末翻译考试试题(1) 汉译英

2011--2012学年翻译理论与实践期末考试题 班级＿＿＿姓名＿＿＿学号＿＿＿Ⅰ、Translate the following phases into English(2point*5=10point) 1.覆水难收 ___________________________________________________________ 2.指鹿为马 ___________________________________________________________ 3. 爱屋及乌 ___________________________________________________________ 4条条道路通罗马 ___________________________________________________________ 5有钱能使鬼推磨 ___________________________________________________________ ⅡTranslate the following sentences into English(5point*6=30point) 1.我年轻的日子已经一去不返。 ___________________________________________________________ 2.你别狗咬吕洞宾——不识好人心。 ___________________________________________________________ 3.世界上只有海水取之不尽，用之不竭。 ___________________________________________________________ 4.我们是新雇员，得注意自己的一举一动。 ___________________________________________________________ 5.人民军队离不开人民，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。 ___________________________________________________________ 6.虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 ___________________________________________________________ ⅢTranslate the following passages into English(10point*2=20point) 1）当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济，提高人民生活水平。为了实现这一目标，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，进一步解放生产水平；我们应当向世界敞开大门，学习其他国家的先进的科学和技术。只要我们坚持改革开放政策，就一定能把我国建设成强大的社会主义国家。 __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 2)秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。 __________________________________________________________