填词 翻译
1 Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, whitewater rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark alleyways.
飓风、房屋失火、癌症、激流漂筏失事、坠机、昏暗小巷遭歹徒袭击，没人想找上这些事儿。
2※There seems to be a built-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. 在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会迸发出来。
This fledgling field has already proved the truth of what once passed as bromide: What doesn’t kill you can actually make you stronger.
这一新兴领域已经证实了曾经被视为陈词滥调的一个真理：大难不死，意志弥坚。
3※Those who weather adversity well are living proof of the paradoxes of happiness.
那些经受住苦难打击的人是有关幸福悖论的生动例证
4 But that feeling of transformation is in some ways typical.
这种转变的感觉从某些方面看却是很典型的。
5※In that moment, our sense of invulnerability is pierced, and the self-protective mental armor that normally stands between us and our perceptions of the world is torn away.
在事情发生的那一瞬间，我们的安全感被冲破了，平时处于我们与我们对世界的种种看法之间的自我保护的精神盔甲被剥离了。
1※Fun and “good games” are now defined in terms of gate receipts, concessions revenues, the sale of media rights, market shares, rating points, and advertising potential.
今天，乐趣和“好比赛”的定义取决于门票收入、特许权收人、媒体传播权的出售、市场份额、收视率以及广告潜力。
2※We know that whenever any sport is converted into commercial entertainment, its success depends on spectator appeal.
我们知道，每当任何一项体育运动被转化为商业性娱乐活动时，它的成功就依赖于观众的兴趣。
3 To make money on a sport, it’s necessary to attract a mass audience to buy tickets or watch the events on television.
若要通过一项运动盈利，就必须吸引广大观众买门票或在电视上观看比赛。
4 Similarly, those who know little about the technical aspects of ice skating are more entertained by triple and quadruple jumps than by routines carefully choreographed and practiced until they are smooth and flawless
同样，那些对滑冰技术知之甚少的人，他们更感兴趣的是三连跳或四连跳，而不是那些精心设计并训练直至流畅、完美的舞步。
5 They want to see athletes occasionally collapse as they surpass physical limits, not athletes who know their limits so well they can successfully compete for years without going beyond them.
他们想看运动员在超越自己极限时偶尔的突然失败，而不是多年来稳操胜券，
熟知自己极限而不去超越它的运动员。
6※As the need to please na?ve audiences becomes greater, so does the emphasis on heroic orientations.
取悦无知观众的需求越强烈，就越会强调英雄主义取向。
7 These athletes usually evaluate themselves and other athletes in terms of the sport ethic, and they learn to see heroic actions as signs of true commitment and dedication to their sport.
这些运动员用体育道德规范去评价自己和他人，他们还学会把英雄主义行为看成是真正地投入及为运
动献身的标志。
.8 These conditions come under the control of general managers, team owners, corporate sponsors, advertisers, media personnel, marketing and publicity staff, professional management staff, accountants, and agents.
这些环境越来越受控于下列人员:总经理、运动队老板、企业赞助商、广告商、传媒人员、营销和宣传推广人员、专业管理人员、会计师以及经纪人。
Under what conditions do commercial sports emerge and prosper? The existence of commercial sports depends on _____ generated from a combination of gate _____ and sale of broadcasting rights to radio and television. This means that they grow and prosper best under certain social and _____conditions. First, they grow best in market economies where material _____ are given high priority in the lives of people connected with sports, including _____ and those who own teams or _____ and promote events. Second, because they require large concentrations of potential _____commercial sports tend to exist in societies with large, densely populated cities. Although it would be possible to _____ simple forms of commercial sports in rural societies, it would be hard to support financially fulltime professional athletes. Third, commercial sports rely on the _____ of large amounts of capital to build and _____ in which events can be played and watched. Capital funds can be accumulated in either the public or private sector, but in either case, the willingness to invest in sports depends on _____ payoffs in the form of _____ profits, or power. Private investment in sports is……
1 ※I could no more have sat beside them than I could have asked to join in—it would have come to much the same thing—so I took a place a few discreet seats away.
我很不情愿坐在他们旁边，就如我绝不会要求加入他们的行为一样——这两者对我来说并没有什么不同——因此我谨慎地隔开了几个座位坐了下来。
2 This caused much play of flashlights among the usherettes and fretful re-examining of tickets by everyone in the vicinity until word got around that I was an American tourist and therefore unable to follow simple seating instructions and I was escorted in some shame back to my assigned place. 女引座员马上打开手电筒查看情况，身边所有的人都不安地重新确认自己票上的座位号，直到大家都清楚了，我是一个美国游客，因此没有遵循简单的就座指示。在羞愧中我被送回指定的位子。
3 .But as soon as the bus pulls up the line instantly disintegrates into something like a fire drill at a lunatic asylum as everyone scrambles to be the first aboard, quite unaware that this defeats the whole purpose of queuing.
但一旦公交车靠站，队伍立刻瓦解，就像精神病院的消防演习一样，所有人都争抢着第一个上车，完全没意识到，这样一来排队的意义就荡然无存了。
4 I’ve lived in England for a decade and a half and I still have to quell an impulse to go up to strangers in pubs and restaurants and say,….
我已经在英国居住了15年，但我仍不得不压制这种冲动，想要走向酒吧或餐馆里的陌生人说：“打扰一下，可以允许我告诉你一个小技巧吗？
5 ※I can’t think of anything that excites a greater sense of childlike wonder that to be in a country where you are ignorant of almost everything.
置身于一个对你而言完全陌生的国家，能激发一种孩子般的好奇心。除此之外，我想不出还有什么更好的办法。
6 But mostly I hung around the city centre, wandering back and forth between the railway station and the royal palace, peering in the store windows along Karl Johans Gate,…
但是大多数时间我就在市中心闲逛，在火车站和皇宫之间来回溜达，在卡尔约翰街向街旁的商店橱窗里张望
7 It is impossible to leaf through its 500 pages of densely printed timetables without wanting to dump a double armload of clothes into an old Gladstone and just take off.
当你迅速翻阅了其500 页密密印刷的时间表后，你必然有冲动想要往旅行包内塞进两抱衣服，然后立刻出发。
8 Who could recite these names without experiencing a tug of excitement, without seeing in his mind's eye a steamy platform full of expectant travelers and piles of luggage standing beside a sleek, quarter-mile-long train with a list of exotic locations slotted into every carriage?
无论是谁吟诵这些地名，都会感受到一股强烈的兴奋，想象着雾气蒙蒙的月台，以及在400多米长的流线型车厢旁，站满了期待的旅客，堆满了行李，每个车厢里都放着一张写着外国地名的列表。
9 But as for me, I could spend hours just poring over the tables, each one a magical thicket of times, numbers, distances, mysterious little pictograms showing crossed knives and forks, wine glasses, daggers, miner’s pickaxes (whatever could they be for?), ferry boats and buses, and bewilderingly abstruse footnotes.
但是对我来说，我可以花大量时间就这样凝视着这些列表，每一份都不可思议地包含了时刻、数量、距离、画着交叉刀叉、酒杯、匕首、矿工镐（不管做何用途）、渡轮和巴士的神奇小图，以及令人困惑的深奥脚注。
Travelling provides tremendous opportunities for fun, adventure and discovery. When we visit places in other centuries, we __a better understanding of the people living there. We learn their cultures, history and background. We discover the _____they have with us, as well as their differences from us. It is interesting to learn from people with _____ background. Travelling helps to _____ our lives. It increases our knowledge and widens our _____. When we visit interesting places, we discover and learn many things. We_____new people, surroundings, plants and animals. If we want to make our travels more exciting and ____, we can choose to plan our own tour and select the _____ place, we want to visit. Traveling not only provides us fun and _____, it also provides us marvelous insights and ____ our minds. Traveling provides _____ for us to share our happiness with our friends and family. When we travel with our friends and family, we create _____ that would last a lifetime. It is indeed a _____ thing to share the experience of a special trip with those we love. Giving them a wonderful traveling experience far_____ the benefit of buying present for them. Goods have a limited life _____ whereas memories last forever.
1 ※It is an outburst of wild defiant sorrow, and of contempt for all the adversities of the world.
这声号叫爆发出一种充满野性和反抗的哀愁，爆发出对世界上一切逆境的蔑视。
Every living thing (and perhaps many a dead one as well) pays heed to that call.
大山中所有的生物（可能也包括许多死去的生物）都侧耳倾听这声号叫。
2※Those unable to decipher the hidden meaning know nevertheless that it is there, for it is felt in all wolf country, and distinguishes that country from all other land.
而那些无法领会其中深意的，也能感觉到它的存在，而且在所有的狼出没的地方都能感受得到。这种异样的感觉也使那些地区与其他地区区别开来。
3 We were eating lunch on a high rimrock, at the foot of which a turbulent river elbowed its way.
那日，我们正在一个高高的悬崖上吃午餐，悬崖脚下有一条汹涌澎湃的河流。
4 We saw what we thought was a doe fording the torrent, her breast awash in white water.
我们看到了一个东西在急流中挣扎跋涉，胸部浸在白色的水花中。
5 In those days we had never heard of passing up a chance to kill a wolf.
在那段日子里，没有人会错过射杀狼的机会。
6 Since then I have lived to see state after state extirpate its wolves. I have watched the face of many a newly wolfless mountain, and seen the south-facing slopes wrinkle with a maze of new deer trails. I have seen every edible bush and seedling browsed, first to anemic desuetude, and then to death. I have seen every edible tree defoliated to the height of a saddlehorn.
自那以后，我看到各州都在相继扑灭自己的狼群。我眼睁睁看到了一座座刚刚扑灭狼群的大山的面貌;看到了山的南坡被鹿群踩出的纷乱的小径;看到了所有能吃的灌木、甚至是细枝嫩芽都被啃光，而这些植物因而也很快衰弱不振，不久便告死亡;我也看到了所有能吃的树叶，在马鞍高度以下的部位全都被吃得精光。
7 In wildness is the salvation of the world.
野地里蕴含着对于世界的救赎
A wolf gives out a deep chesty bawl in the valley one night. It _____from romrock to rimrock. Every living things _____the call. Although it has different _____meanings to different animals, it is only the mountains that can listen _____to the call, because it has lived enough. Those who can’t _____ the hidden meaning of the howl can still sense the wolves’ _____ through their tracks, sights or sounds. Whatever the fact is, I believe that the mountains have a secret opinion about the wolves.
This _____on this score dates from the day when I witnessed a wolf die. We thought we saw a doe when we were eating lunch on a high rimrock. When we realized that it was a wolf and there were still a half dozen others, we _____at them out of excitement and triggeritch. At that time, I
thought I helped the hunters, _____, when I saw the green fire die in the wolf’s eyes, I found I might be wrong.
Since then, I have seen the _____of wolves state after state, which eventually lead to nearly _____mountains. The same is true to cowman who have to _____the herd to fit the range. All creatures in the valley _____ each other, and they should be kept in balance. If one link breaks down, it might cause dramatic change to others. We all _____ for safety, prosperity, comfort, long life, and dullness, but too much safety seems to _____ only danger in the long run.
1 On the other hand, most newspaper include editorial columnists who disagree with each other, and the Sunday morning political TV shows are characterized more by argument than agreement. 另一方面，大多数报纸的社论专栏作家们彼此间的意见都不一致，周日上午的政治电视节目的特点是争论多于统一。
“Mass media” is a deceptively simple term _____a countless array of institutions and individuals who differ in purpose, scope, method, and cultural context. Mass media include all forms of information communicated to large groups of people, from a handmade sign to an international news network. There is no _____ for how large the audience needs to be before communication becomes “mass” communication. There are also no _____ on the type of information being _____. A car advertisement and a UN _____ are both examples of mass media. In general usage, the term “media” has been taken to refer to only “the group o f corporate entities, publishers, journalists, and others who _____ the communications industry and profession”. This definition includes both the _____ and news industries. Another common term, especially in talking about conflict, is “news media”. News media include only the news industry. It is often used _____ with “the press” or the group of people who write and report the news. The _____ between news and entertainment can at times be _____, but news is _____ facts and interpretation of facts, including editorial opinions, expressed by journalism professionals. Which facts are included how they are reported, how much interpretation is given, and how much space or time is _____ a news event is determined by journalists and management and will depend on a variety of factors _____ from the editorial judgment of the reporters and editors, to other news events _____ for the same time or space, to corporate policies that reflect management’s _____.
兰亭序原文、简介及翻译.doc
《兰亭集序》 （晋）王羲之 永和九年，岁在癸丑，暮春之初，会于会稽山阴之兰亭，修禊事也。群贤毕至，少长咸集。此地有崇山峻岭，茂林修竹，又有清流激湍，映带左右。引以为流觞曲水，列坐其次，虽无丝竹管弦之盛，一觞一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情。是日也，天朗气清，惠风和畅。仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛，所以游目骋怀，足以极视听之娱，信可乐也。 夫人之相与，俯仰一世。或取诸怀抱，悟言一室之内；或因寄所托，放浪形骸之外。虽趣舍万殊，静躁不同，当其欣于所遇，暂得于己，快然自足，不知老之将至；及其所之既倦，情随事迁，感慨系之矣。向之所欣，俯仰之间，已为陈迹，犹不能不以之兴怀，况修短随化，终期于尽！古人云，“死生亦大矣。”岂不痛哉！每览昔人兴感之由，若合一契，未尝不临文嗟悼，不能喻之于怀。固知一死生为虚诞，齐彭殇为妄作。后之视今，亦犹今之视昔。悲夫！故列叙时人，录其所述。虽世殊事异，所以兴怀，其致一也。后之览者，亦将有感于斯文。 兰亭序简介： 兰亭序，又名《兰亭宴集序》、《兰亭集序》、《临河序》、《禊序》、《禊贴》。为三大行书书法帖之一，系中华十大传世名帖之一。东晋穆帝永和九年（公元353年）三月三日，王羲之与谢安、孙绰等四十一人，在山阴（今浙江绍兴）兰亭“修禊”，会上各人做诗，王羲之为他们的诗写的序文手稿。序中记叙兰亭周围山水之美和聚会的欢乐之情，抒发作者好景不长，生死无常的感慨。法帖相传之本，共二十八行，三百二十四字，章法、结构、笔法都很完美，是他三十三岁时的得意之作。后人评道“右军字体，古法一变。其雄秀之气，出于天然，故古今以为师法”。因此，历代书家都推《兰亭》为“天下第一行书”。存世唐摹墨迹以“神龙本”为最著，唐太宗时冯承素号金印，故称为《兰亭神龙本》，此本摹写精细，笔法、墨气、行款、神韵，都得以体现，公认为是最好的摹
时代周刊翻译
…Back to Sleep?: Why Are 2,500 U.S. Babies Still Dying of SIDS Each Year? ‘用背部睡觉’：为什么美国每年都有2500个婴儿死于婴儿猝死综合症 Putting babies on their back to sleep has dramatically reduced the number of SIDS deaths, but thousands of babies still die each year. A look at the key risk factors. 让婴儿用背部睡觉戏剧性的减少了婴儿猝死综合症的死亡数量，但每年还是有上千数量的婴儿死亡。这有一种对于关键的风险因素的看法。 There?s no doubt that the Back to Sleep campaign launched in 1994 to get parents to stop putting babies to sleep on their tummies has been a success. In the 1970s and 1980s, the rate of infant deaths per 1,000 live births was 1.5; it?s now 0.5. 无需置疑的是，1994年发起的用背部睡觉的运动，旨在阻止父母让婴儿用肚子睡觉是成功的。在20世纪70到80年代，婴儿死亡率为每一千名安全出生婴儿中有1.5，现在是0.5。 Within a generation, most babies are now put to bed on their backs, and yet 2,500 U.S. infants still die each year in the U.S. Researchers trying to understand why have noticed a curious byproduct of the trend toward back-sleeping: as fewer babies were being put to sleep on their bellies, more babies were documented engaging in other pediatric no-nos — sleeping with their parents, for example — which is another risk factor for SIDS. 在一代人中，大部分婴儿现在都用背部放在床上，但美国每年依然有2500个婴儿死亡。研究员正试图弄明白为什么人们会注意到用背部睡觉这种趋势的奇怪的副产品：越来越少的婴儿用腹部睡觉，越来越多的婴儿被证明参与到了一些儿科禁止的事情中——例如，和父母一起睡——这是婴儿猝死综合症的另一个风险因素。 A study published Monday in the journal Pediatrics takes a look at how risk factors for SIDS have evolved over the years. In an analysis of the 954 babies who died suddenly and unexpectedly in San Diego County between 1991 and 2008 — 568 of these deaths were attributed to SIDS — researchers found that
科学美国人的中文翻译
2012年1月4日星期三 雌激素是新的“利他林”吗？ ——性激素能让一部分女性思维敏捷，却也让一部分迟钝 大考即将来临？无法集中注意力？尝试一点雌激素吧。 加州大学伯克利分校的神经系统科学家在最近的一项研究中报道称，女性生理周期中的荷尔蒙波动可能会如咖啡因、甲基苯丙胺或最常见的兴奋剂利他林一样影响其大脑。 近年来的研究表明，工作记忆（短期信息处理能力）是依赖于化学物质多巴胺的。事实上，像利他林这样的药物可以模仿多巴胺帮助人们集中注意力。在老鼠身上的研究显示，雌激素似乎可以诱发多巴胺的释放。但是伯克利这次的新研究是首次把认识能力和人的雌激素水平联系起来，这也就解释了为什么有些女性会在她们生理周期的不同时间点有着或好或坏的认识能力。 这只研究团队对24名健康女性进行了检测。通过基因测试，她们中有些天然多巴胺水平高，而有些天然低。不出所料，多巴胺水平低的女性对于处理复杂的工作记忆问题有困难，比如将一串五个数字反着背出来。但当测试在排卵期中进行，雌激素水平最高时（一般是月经期的10~12天后）这些女性的表现显著改善，有大约10%的进步。令人惊讶的是，多巴胺水平天然高的女性处理复杂问题的能力，却在排卵期中雌激素水平最高的时候有很明显的下降。 根据组织此次研究的Ph.D Emily Jacobs说，脑中的多巴胺是“classic Goldilacks scenario”。对于多巴胺水平最低的25%女性来说，在月经期多巴胺水平的增加会增强她们的认识能力，而对于多巴胺水平最高的25%女性来说，月经期多巴胺水平的增加可能会使她们的多巴胺水平超过一个上限，从而减弱她们的认识能力。而剩下的50%女性都处在这两类女性水平之间，不在研究的范围内。 这项研究有着重大的意义。Jacob说，像咖啡因、利他林这种诱发多巴胺释放的药物对于特定时期的女性是无效，甚至是损害性的。而且，她还希望提醒科学家们注意，在研究脑部疾病时，男女大脑虽然天赋相同但是并不完全一样。 Jacob说，这之间有很大区别，只有我们能知道他们在正常状态下的区别，我们才能预测他们在疾病状态下的区别。 毁约——脑扫描揭示誓言什么时候会不被遵守 新郎说“我愿意”而又和别人有一腿的时候，他脑中发生了什么？朋友承诺还钱却一直不还，他的脑中又发生了什么？一项最新研究显示，毁约是一项很复杂的神经生物学事件。而且脑扫描可以在毁约发生前预测出谁将要毁约。 瑞士苏黎世大学的科学家运用核磁共振技术把大脑比喻成了一场投资游戏。投资者必须决定是否承诺与受托者分享利益。如果投资，会使得账户中的资金增加，但如果受托者选择不分享，结果也会是投资者受损失。几乎所有投资者都说会把钱给受托者，但最后并不会所有人都守约。 通过核磁共振的扫描，研究者可以在他们有机会毁约前预测出他们会不会毁约。毁约者脑部的一些区域的活动会更加活跃，包括分管在压抑诚实回应时自我控制的前额皮质层，和标志
兰亭集序翻译及原文
兰亭集序翻译及原文 小编整理了《兰亭集序》原文及《兰亭集序》翻译，以供各位同学参考和阅 读，希望对于同学们学习王羲之这天下闻名的《兰亭集序》有所帮助，也希望同 学们认真阅读和背诵多多理解文化里的含义并尝试做《兰亭集序》翻译，我们一 起来学习和分享《兰亭集序》原文及翻译吧！ 兰亭集序翻译及原文 兰亭集序原文： 永和九年，岁在癸(guǐ)丑，暮春之初，会于会稽(kuài jī)山阴之兰亭，修 禊(xì)事也。群贤毕至，少长咸集。此地有崇山峻岭，茂林修竹， 又有清流激 湍(tuān)，映带左右。引以为流觞(shāng)曲( qū)水，列坐其次，虽无丝竹管弦 之盛，一觞(shang)一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情。 是日也，天朗气清，惠风和畅。仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛，所 ?a href='/wenxue/zawen/' target='_blank'>杂文 砍?chěng)怀，足以极视听之娱，信可乐也。 夫人之相与，俯仰一世。或取诸怀抱，晤言一室之内;或因寄所托，放浪形 骸(hái)之外。虽趣(qǔ)舍万殊，静躁不同，当其欣于所遇，暂得于己，怏然自 足，不知老之将至。及其所之既倦，情随事迁，感慨系(xì)之矣。向之所欣，俯 仰之间，已为陈迹，犹不能不以之兴怀。况修短随化，终期于尽。古人云：死生 亦大矣。岂不痛哉! 每览昔人兴感之由，若合一契，未尝不临文嗟(jiē)悼，不能喻之于怀。固 知一死生为虚诞，齐彭殇(shāng)为妄作。后之视今，亦犹今之视昔，悲夫!故列 叙时人，录其所述。虽世殊事异，所以兴怀，其致一也。后之览者，亦将有感于 斯文。 兰亭集序翻译： 永和九年，即癸丑年，三月之初，(名士们)在会稽郡山北面的兰亭聚会，到 水边进行消灾求福的活动。许多有声望有才气的人都来了，有年轻的，也有年长 的。这里有高大的山和险峻的岭，有茂密的树林和高高的竹子，又有清水急流， (在亭的)左右辉映环绕。把水引到(亭中)的环形水渠里来，让酒杯飘流水上(供 人们取饮)。人们在曲水旁边排列而坐，虽然没有管弦齐奏的盛况，(可是)一边 饮酒一边赋诗，也足以痛快地表达各自埋藏在心中的情怀。 这一天，天气晴朗，和风轻轻吹来。向上看，天空广大无边，向下看，地上
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《兰亭集序》林语堂版英译文
It is the ninth year of Yonghe also known as the year of Guichou in terms of the Chinese lunar one of those late spring days, we gather at the Orchid Pavilion, which is located in Shanyin County, Kuaiji Prefecture, for dispelling bad luck and praying for good attendees of the gathering are all virtuous intellectuals, varying from young to old. Endowed with great mountains and lofty peaks, Orchid Pavilion has flourishing branches and high bamboo bushes all around, together with a clear winding brook engirdled, which can thereby serve the guests by floating the wine glasses on top for their drinking. Seated by the bank of brook, people will still regale themselves right by poetizing their mixed feelings and emotions with wine and songs, never mind the absence of melody from string and wind instruments. 永和九年，岁在癸(guǐ）丑。暮春之初，会于会(kuài)稽山阴之兰亭，修禊(xì)事也。群贤毕至，少长(zhǎng)咸集。此地有崇山峻岭，茂林修竹，又有清流激湍，映带左右,引以为流觞(shāng)曲水，列坐其次。虽无丝竹管弦之盛，一觞一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情。 It is such a wonderful day, with fresh air and mild upwards to the blue sky, we behold the vast immensity of the universe; when bowing our heads towards the ground, we again satisfy ourselves with the diversity of we can refresh our views and let free our souls, with luxuriant satisfaction done to both ears and eyes. How infinite the cheer is! 是日也，天朗气清，惠风和畅。仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛。所以游目骋(chěng)怀，足以极视听之娱，信可乐也。 People keep coming and going, and life soon rushes to its end. Some people prefer to share their proud aspiration and lofty goals with close friends indoors, while some others choose to follow their interest and free their minds wherever and whenever they like. May characters vary from person to person, or some would rather stay peaceful while others like to live restlessly, they will all become delighted and satisfied once they meet something pleasant, so cheerful that they get unaware
科学翻译
第12页 0903060136 梁潇 0903060137 黄浩 0901014108 黄瑞尧 5.3性能分析 通信开销：在和平时期，验证和密钥协商协议的要求只有三路之间的网状路由器和网络用户和双向沟通网络用户之间。这是最低的通信回合要实现相互认证，因此，和平招致降低认证延迟。此外，通过设计，和平带来最低的额外因为它们可能对网络用户的通信开销如掌上电脑和智能手机进行的移动客户端比其他笔记本电脑访问无线网状网。这些移动客户端要少得多强大相比，网状路由器考虑到他们的沟通能力。在消息（M.1），（M.1），（M.2），网络用户只需要发送一组签名履行认证功能。作为我们立足本集团上签字的变化计划[8]中提出，签名的包括两个G的元素五个元素的Z带够。当使用[19]中描述的曲线，可以首要采取p到170位并使用G组1，其中每个元素是171位。因此，总群签名的长度为1192位或149字节。有了这些参数，安全性是大致相同作为一个标准的1024位RSA签名，这是128个字节[8]。也就是说，群签名的长度几乎是作为一个标准的RSA-1024的签名相同。 计算开销：在和平，最昂贵的计算操作的签名生成和验证。签名生成需要两个同构的应用中。同构计算，需要大约同时，作为一个在G1幂（使用快速计算的轨迹图）[8]。因此，签名生成需要约八幂（或multiexponentiations）和两个双线性映射计算。验证签名需要六个幂和3+2|网址|双线性映射计算。按照设计，和平采用会话认证的不对称对称的混合方法，降低计算成本。网络实体（Mesh 路由器和网络用户）执行昂贵的组签名操作相互验证，只有当建立一个新的会话，所有同一会话的后续数据交换是通过高效的基于MAC的方法进行验证。 更具体地说，和平需要进行相互认证，为建立一个新的会话时，执行一个签名生成和签名验证的网络用户。由此可以看出，签名验证的实际成本计算取决于一致资源定址器的大小，而签名的发电成本是固定的。和平可以主动控制的一致资源定址器的大小。此外，可以采取一种更为有效的吊销检查算法，其运行的时间是一致资源定址器的独立[8]中描述了对用户的隐私有点牺牲。这种技术可以进一步带来的总成本六幂和5个双线性映射计算的签名验证。另一方面，和平需要一个网状路由器进行相互认证其覆盖范围内的每个网络用户每每灯塔消息不同的会议和标志定期播出。 存储开销：在和平中，网络用户可以携带资源约束的普及设备，如掌上电脑和智能手机访问的无线网状网。因此，存储每个网络用户的开销应该是负担得起的现代普及设备。在我们的计划显示说明，在和平中的每个网络用户需要存储两个信息：他的小组的私钥及相关系统参数。该组的私钥为每个用户包含1组元素的G1和2个Z元素。如果我们首要选择p到170位，并使用G组1每个组171位的元素，每个组私钥用户只需消耗511位的内存，这是微不足道的现代普及设备。大多数的内存消耗部分是系统参数，其中可能包括代码来形容双线性组（G
兰亭序 原文及翻译
王羲之——兰亭序（原文及译文） 永和九年，岁在癸丑，暮春之初，会于会稽山阴之兰亭，修禊事也。群贤毕至，少长咸集。此地有崇山峻岭，茂林修竹，又有清流激湍，映带左右，引以为流觞曲水，列坐其次，虽无丝竹管弦之盛，一觞一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情。是日也，天朗气清，惠风和畅。仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛，所以游目骋怀，足以极视听之娱，信可乐也。 （永和九年，正值癸丑，暮春三月上旬的巳日，我们在会稽郡山阴县的兰亭集会，举行禊饮之事。此地德高望重者无不到会，老少济济一堂。兰亭这地方有崇山峻岭环抱，林木繁茂，竹篁幽密。又有清澈湍急的溪流，如同青罗带一般映衬在左右，引溪水为曲水流觞，列坐其侧，即使没有管弦合奏的盛况，只是饮酒赋诗，也足以令人畅叙胸怀。这一天，晴明爽朗，和风习习，仰首可以观览浩大的宇宙，俯身可以考察众多的物类，纵目游赏，胸襟大开，极尽耳目视听的欢娱，真可以说是人生的一大乐事。）
夫人之相与，俯仰一世，或取诸怀抱，晤言一室之内；或因寄所托，放浪形骸之外。虽取舍万殊，静躁不同，当其欣于所遇，暂得于己，快然自足，曾不知老之将至。及其所之既倦，情随事迁，感慨系之矣！向之所欣，俯仰之间，已为陈迹，犹不能不以之兴怀，况修短随化，终期于尽！古人云：“死生亦大矣”，岂不痛哉！ （人们彼此亲近交往，俯仰之间便度过了一生。有的人喜欢反躬内省，满足于一室之内的晤谈；有的人则寄托于外物，生活狂放不羁。虽然他们或内或外的取舍千差万别，好静好动的性格各不相同，但当他们遇到可喜的事情，得意于一时，感到欣然自足时，竟然都会忘记衰老即将要到来之事。等到对已获取的东西发生厌倦，情事变迁，又不免会引发无限的感慨。以往所得到的欢欣，很快就成为历史的陈迹，人们对此尚且不能不为之感念伤怀，更何况人的一生长短取决于造化，而终究要归结于穷尽呢！古人说：“死生是件大事。”这怎么能不让人痛心啊！） 每览昔人兴感之由，若合一契，未尝不临文嗟悼，不能喻之于怀。固知一死生为虚诞，齐彭殇为妄作，后之视今，亦犹今之视昔，悲夫！故列叙时人，录其所述，虽世殊事异，所以兴怀，其致一也。后之览者，亦将有感于斯文。
大数据时代英文翻译
Era of Big Data is a woman's age; women in the gene can accumulate and deal with big data/ women are born to accumulate and deal with big data. Many men and children, in fact, have been wondering about this special ability of women. Like, as a child, just as soon as you entered the house your Mother said immediately in a suspicious tone: “Liu zhijun, you didn’t do well in the exam today, did you.” Another example, you just have a glance at the mobile phone, your wife laughs: “Does Er gou the next door ask you to play games?” One more ex ample, when you close the door and make a phone call, your girlfriend will cry: “Who are shot in bed?” They are sometimes right, sometimes wrong. However, On the whole, the accuracy rate is higher than chance level. When they are wrong, men would sneer women always give way to foolish fancies; when they are right, men would say women are sensitive animal maybe with more acute sensory organs. Anyway, that is a guess. It has already scared man that overall accuracy rate is higher than the random level. In order to adapt to this point, the male also developed a very strong skills against reconnaissance. This part is beyond the scope of this article, so no more details about it. Some studies, such as Hanna Holmes’s paper, have indi cated that the white matter of the female’s brain is higher than that of the male. So they have very strong imagination of connecting things together. Some recent studies have shown that women are better than men in the "date" memory. That is the reason why they are able to remember all the birthdays, anniversaries, and even some of the great day of unimportant friends. No matter whether these results are true or not, I am afraid that this is not women's most outstanding ability. Women's most remarkable ability is a long-term tracking of some seemingly unimportant data to form their own baseline and pattern. Once the patterns of these data points are significantly different from the baseline she is familiar with, she knows something unusual. In their daily life, women do not consider the difference between causality and correlation. They believe in the principle: "There must be something wrong out of something unusual." People who talk about big data often take Lin Biao as an example. Lin Biao recorded some detailed and unimportant data after a battle. Such as seized guns, the proportion of rifles and pistols, the age levels of war prisoners, seized grain, whether they are sorghum or millet, etc., all of which were unavoidably recorded in the book. Others laughed at him. But later, he determined where the enemy headquarters were according to these data. What women do is almost the same. A girl A has a secret crush on boy B, but she usually doesn’t contact him directly. Two days later, I asked her if she wanted to ask him to have dinner together. She said he was playing. I wondered “how do you know that?” She said that boy B usually is on the line Gmail at 8:00 am, away status at8:30am, for he goes out to buy coffee and breakfast, on line again at 9:00am, busy status, for he is at work, away again at12:30am for lunch, on line for whole evenings, maybe for reading or playing games. His buddy C is on line at10:00 am, still online till 2:00am next day. He is a boy who gets up late and stays up late. His buddy D is on line for the most of the day. However, the most important pattern is that there are 2-3 days per week, during which they would be offline or away for 3-4 hours together. Conclusion: they are playing together.
《兰亭集序》重点字词及翻译
《兰亭集序》重点字词及翻译 1.翻译 永和九年，是癸丑之年，阴历三月初，（我们）会集在会稽山阴的兰亭,是为了从事修禊祭礼。众多贤才都汇聚在这里，年长的年少的都聚集在一起。兰亭这地方有高峻的山峰，高大茂密的竹林。又有清澈湍急的溪流，（如同青罗带一般）环绕在亭子的四周，（我们）引（清流激湍）来作为流觞的曲水，列坐在曲水旁边。虽然没有演奏音乐的盛况，（但）喝点酒，作点诗，也足以令人抒发内心深处的情意。这一天，晴明爽朗，春风和暖畅快。向上看，天空广大无边，向下看，地上事物如此繁多，借以纵展眼力，开畅胸怀，尽情的享受视听的乐趣，实在是快乐呀！ 人们彼此交往，很快便度过一生。有时把自己的志趣抱负，在室内畅谈自己的胸怀抱负；有时就着自己所爱好的事物，寄托自己的情怀，不受任何拘束，放纵无羁地生活。虽然各有各的爱好，取舍爱好各不相同，安静与躁动不同，（可是）当他们对所接触的事物感到高兴时，一时感到自得，感到高兴和自足，不觉得老年即将到来；等到（对于）那些所得到的东西已经厌倦，感情随着事物的变化而改变，感慨随着而产生。过去感到高兴的事，转眼之间成为旧迹，仍然不能不因它引起心中的感触，何况寿命的长短，听凭造化，最终归结于消亡！古人说：“死生也是一件大事。”怎么能不悲痛呢？ 每当看到古人（对死生的大事）发生感慨的原因，（和我所感慨的）像符契那样相合，没有不面对他们的文章而感叹悲伤的，（却）不能明白于心。因此知道把死和生等同起来的说法是不真实的，把长寿和短命等同起来的说法是妄造的。后代的人看现在，也正如同我们今天看过去一样，这真是可悲呀！所以我一个一个记下当时参加聚会的人，抄录下他们作的诗赋，即使时代变了，世事不同了，但是人们兴发感慨的缘由，人们的思想情趣是一样的。后世的读者，也将有感慨于这次集会的诗文。 2.重点字词 一、通假字 悟．言一室之内（“悟”通“晤”，会面） 二、古今异义 1、列坐其次 ．． 古义：其，代词，指曲水。次，旁边、水边。如：列坐其次。 今义：①次第较后；第二。②次要的地位。 2、亦将有感于斯文 ．． 古：这些文章今：常用义为文雅，又指文化或文人 3、或取诸怀抱 ．． 古：胸怀抱负。今：①抱在怀里；②胸前；③心里存着；④打算。 4、引（之）以．（之）为．流觞曲水。 古义：把……作为。今义：认为。
对翻译的科学性和艺术性的思考
对翻译的科学性和艺术性的思考 关键词: 翻译;科学性;艺术性 摘要: 翻译是科学还是艺术历来是译学家们争论的焦点。西方译学家奈达博士在60 年代曾有过建立翻译科学的设想,试图用语言学的理论和方法来说明翻译问题,但未能取得成功。而后,到了90 年代他则断言:翻译不是科学,而是艺术。笔者就奈达博士由科学论向艺术论的转变,对翻译的性质进行了理性思考:翻译中对“忠实”目标的追求体现了翻译的科学精神,而为实现“忠实”又离不开艺术创造,因此科学性和艺术性贯穿于翻译活动的全过程,二者互为补充,缺一不可。 Philosophic Thinking of the Science and the Art of Translating ———on Nida’s“Toward a Science of Translating” ZHANG Rui - qing1 ,ZHANG Hui - qing2 (1. The School of Foreigh L anguages , S hanxi University , Taiyuan , China ; 2. English Department , Northern China Engineering Institute , Taiyuan , China) Key words : t ranslation ;science ;art ;faithfulness. Abstract : What is t ranslating ? Is it science or art ? This has long been one of the focal cont roversies among t ranslatologist s. Dr. Eugene A. Nida attempted to establish a science of t ranslating by applying linguistic theories and approaches to t ranslating problems in the 1960s ,but failed. In the 1990s he claimed conversely that t ranslating was not science ,but skills. His shift prompt s the author of this essay to draw the couclusion that ,in the process of t ranslating ,the pursuit of faithfulness to the original reveals the scientific approach of t ranslators ,but to attain faithfulness , artistic creation plays an immeasurable role in good t ranslations. “翻译科学”是一门“研究翻译的科学”。怎样才能构成科学? 首先必须要有客观规律正如金堤先生所说:“艺术与科学之争的焦点是一个实质性的问题。翻译这一活动究竟是否受客观规律的支配? 如果受客观规律的支配,那么既然我们现在还没有完全认识这些规律,我们就必须用科学的方法加以研究,而如果这一活动主要靠独创,谈不到什么规律,那么我们只能把它当作一门艺术。”因此,翻译是科学还是艺术关键就在于其是否具有客观规律。我们在翻译活动中没有探索到客观规律之前,是无法断定翻译是科学的。西方译论家并没有主张建立“翻译科学” ,在他们的译论中,也不用“翻译科学”一词。在西方大学课程中,只有“翻译理论” ,或“翻译研究”,或“翻译学”。唯一用过“翻译科学”一词的,只有奈达博士。60年代,他在“Toward a Science of Translating”一书中指出,翻译是科学也是艺术,并试图用乔姆斯基的转换生成语法的原理,通过深层结构的分析,探索语际转换的客观规律,从而建立翻译科学。但这一尝试未能取得成功,语际转换的规律也未能找到。此后,他在1991 年发表的《翻译:可能与不可能》一文中说,我们不能使翻译成为一门科学,出色的翻译是创造性的艺术。可见奈达由科学派转向了艺术派,并从此放弃了建立翻译科学的设想。1998 年,他在答《外国语》记者问时,又重申了这一论点,认为翻译不可能成为科学。 一翻译科学论的困惑 寻求支配翻译活动的客观规律是历代译学家们孜孜以求的奋斗目标,困扰了几代译学家。只有到了现代,有了现代语言学的基础,才有可能打出翻译科学论的旗号,将侧重点放在科学的基点上。然而,，奈达为何一度认为翻译是科学也是艺术,而后来又说翻译不是科学只是艺术呢?翻译的科学论之所以陷入矛盾,其根源在于翻译对象所涉及的媒介———语言———本身所具有的特性———任意性特征。这种特性决定了科学无法完成其使命,因而即使很不情愿也不得不转而求助于艺术。首先,大多数人已经接受的一个事实是:虽然科学力图把文本语言中的意义一点一滴地落实,但语言却总是拒绝把它的全部意义交出来。事实上,现代批评