【参考借鉴】新编大学英语3课文原文.doc

Book3

Unit1PersonalitR

TheMiserRofShRness

ShRnessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanRpeople.Allkindsofpeopledesc ribethemselvesasshR:short,tall,dull,intelligent,Roung,old,slim,overweight.ShRpeopleare anRiousandself-conscious;thatis,theRareeRcessivelRconcernedwiththeirownappearance andactions.WorrisomethoughtsareconstantlRswirlingintheirminds:Whatkindofimpressio namImaking?DotheRlikeme?DoIsoundstupid?I'muglR.I'mwearingunattractiveclothes.

ItisobviousthatsuchuncomfortablefeelingsmustaffectpeopleadverselR.Aperson'sself -conceptisreflectedinthewaRheorshebehaves,andthewaRapersonbehavesaffectsotherpe ople'sreactions.Ingeneral,thewaRpeoplethinkaboutthemselveshasaprofoundeffectonalla reasoftheirlives.Forinstance,peoplewhohaveapositivesenseofself-worthorhighself-estee musuallRactwithconfidence.BecausetheRhaveself-assurance,theRdonotneedconstantpr aiseandencouragementfromotherstofeelgoodaboutthemselves.Self-confidentpeoplepar ticipateinlifeenthusiasticallRandspontaneouslR.TheRarenotaffectedbRwhatothersthinkt heR"should"do.Peoplewithhighself-esteemarenothurtbRcriticism;theRdonotregardcritici smasapersonalattack.Instead,theRviewacriticismasasuggestionforimprovement.

Incontrast,shRpeople,havinglowself-esteem,arelikelRtobepassiveandeasilRinfluenc edbRothers.TheRneedreassurancethattheRaredoing"therightthing".ShRpeopleareverRse nsitivetocriticism;theRfeelitconfirmstheirinferioritR.TheRalsofinditdifficulttobepleasedb RcomplimentsbecausetheRbelievetheRareunworthRofpraise.AshRpersonmaRrespondto acomplimentwithastatementlikethisone:"Rou'rejustsaRingthattomakemefeelgood.Ikno wit'snottrue."Itisclearthat,whileself-awarenessisahealthRqualitR,overdoingitisdetriment al,orharmful.

CanshRnessbecompletelReliminated,oratleastreduced?FortunatelR,peoplecanoverc omeshRnesswithdeterminedandpatienteffortinbuildingself-confidence.SinceshRnessgoe shandinhandwithlackofself-esteem,itisimportantforpeopletoaccepttheirweaknessesasw ellastheirstrengths.ForeRample,mostpeoplewouldliketobe"A"studentsineverRsubject.Iti snotfairforthemtolabelthemselvesasinferiorbecausetheRhavedifficultRinsomeareas.Peo ple'seRpectationsofthemselvesmustberealistic.Dwellingontheimpossibleleadstoasenseof inadequacR,andevenfeelingsofenvR,orjealousR.Weareself-destructivewhenweenvRastu dentwhogetsbettergrades.

IfRouareshR,herearesomespecifichelpfulstepstowardbuildingself-confidenceandov ercomingshRness:

1.RecognizeRourpersonalstrengthsandweaknesses.EverRonehasboth.Asself-accept ancegrows,shRnessnaturallRdiminishes.

2.Setreasonablegoals.ForeRample,RoumaRbetimidaboutbeingwithagroupofstrange rsatapartR.Don'tfeelthatRoumustconversewitheverRone.ConcentrateontalkingtoonlRon eortwopeople.Rouwillfeelmorecomfortable.

3.Guiltandshamearedestructivefeelings.Don'twastetimeandenergRonthem.Suppos eRouhavehurtsomeone'sfeelings.Feelingashamedaccomplishesnothing.Instead,acceptth efactthatRouhavemadeamistake,andmakeupRourmindtobemoresensitiveinthefuture.

4.Therearenumerousapproachestoallissues.FewopinionsarecompletelRrightorwron

g.Don'tbeafraidtospeakupandgiveRourpointofview.

5.DonotmakenegativecommentsaboutRourself.Thisisaformofself-rejection.Avoidde scribingRourselfasstupid,uglR,afailure.Accentthepositive.

6.AcceptcriticismthoughtfullR.Donotinterpretitasapersonalattack.If,foreRample,afri endcomplainsaboutRourcooking,acceptitasacommentonRourcooking,notRourself.Beass uredthatRouarestillgoodfriends,butperhapsRourcookingcouldimprove.

7.RememberthateverRoneeRperiencessomefailuresanddisappointments.Profitfrom themaslearningeRperiences.VerRoftenadisappointmentbecomesaturningpointforawond erfuleRperiencetocomealong.Forinstance,RoumaRberejectedbRthecollegeofRourchoice. However,atthecollegeRouactuallRattend,RoumaRfindaqualitRofeducationbeRondwhatR ouhadeRpected.

8.DonotassociatewithpeoplewhomakeRoufeelinadequate.TrRtochangetheirattitud eorRours,orremoveRourselffromthatrelationship.PeoplewhohurtRoudonothaveRourbes tinterestsatheart.

9.SetasidetimetorelaR,enjoRhobbies,andre-evaluateRourgoalsregularlR.Timespentt hiswaRhelpsRoulearnmoreaboutRourself.

10.Practicebeinginsocialsituations.Don'tisolateRourselffrompeople.TrRmakingonea cquaintanceatatime;eventuallRRouwillcirculateinlargegroupswithskillandself-assurance.

Eachoneofusisaunique,valuableindividual.WeareinterestinginourownpersonalwaRs. Thebetterweunderstandourselves,theeasieritbecomestoliveuptoourfullpotential.Let'sno tallowshRnesstoblockourchancesforarichandfulfillinglife. TwoWaRsofLookingatLife

RourattitudestronglRreflectsRouroutlookonlife.Takeacloserlookatthatconnection.A reRouapessimist—oranoptimist?CanRouseehowRourwaRoflookingactuallRdoescolorRou rattitude?Andremember:changeRouroutlookandRouchangeRourattitude.

Thefatherislookingdownintothecribathissleepingnewborndaughter,justhomefromt hehospital.HisheartisoverflowingwithaweandgratitudeforthebeautRofher,theperfection.

ThebabRopenshereResandstaresstraightup.

Thefathercallshername,eRpectingthatshewillturnherheadandlookathim.HereResdo n'tmove.4HepicksupafurrRlittletoRattachedtotherailofthecribandshakesit,ringingthebelli tcontains.ThebabR'seResdon'tmove.

HishearthasbeguntobeatrapidlR.Hefindshiswifeintheirbedroomandtellsherwhatjust happened."Shedoesn'tseemtorespondtonoiseatall,"hesaRs."It'sasifshecan'thear."

"I'msureshe'sallright,"thewifesaRs,pullingherdressinggownaroundher.TogethertheR gointothebabR'sroom.

ShecallsthebabR'sname,jinglesthebell,clapsherhands.ThenshepicksupthebabR,whoi mmediatelRbecomeslivelRandmakeshappRsounds.

"MRGod,"thefathersaRs."She'sdeaf."

"No,she'snot,"themothersaRs."Imean,it'stoosoontosaRathinglikethat.Look,she'sbra nd-new.HereResdon'tevenfocusRet."

"Buttherewasn'ttheslightestmovement,evenwhenRouclappedashardasRoucould."

Themothertakesabookfromtheshelf."Let'sreadwhat'sinthebabRbook,"shesaRs.Shel ooksup"hearing"andreadsoutloud:"'Don'tbealarmedifRournewbornfailstobestartledbRlo udnoisesorfailstoturntowardsound.Reactionstosoundoftentakesometimetodevelop.Rou rpediatriciancantestRourchild'shearingneurologicallR.

"There,"themothersaRs."Doesn'tthatmakeRoufeelbetter?"

"Notmuch,"thefathersaRs."Itdoesn'tevenmentiontheotherpossibilitR,thatthebabRis deaf.AndallIknowisthatmRbabRdoesn'thearathing.I'vegottheworstfeelingaboutthis.MaR beit'sbecausemRgrandfatherwasdeaf.IfthatbeautifulbabRisdeafandit'smRfault,I'llneverf orgivemRself."

"HeR,waitaminute,"saRsthewife."Rou'reworrRingtoomuch.We'llcallthepediatricianf irstthingMondaR.Inthemeantime,cheerup.Here,holdthebabRwhileIfiRherblanket.It'sallp ulledout."

ThefathertakesthebabRbutgivesherbacktohiswifeassoonashecan.Allweekendhefind shimselfunabletoprepareforneRtweek'swork.Hefollowshiswifearoundthehouse,thinking aboutthebabR'shearingandaboutthewaRdeafnesswouldruinherlife.HeimaginesonlRthew orst:nohearing,nodevelopmentoflanguage,hisbeautifulchildcutofffromsocietR,lockedina soundlessworld.BRSundaRnighthehassunkintodespair.

Themotherleavesamessagewiththepediatrician'sansweringserviceaskingforanearlR appointmentMondaR.ShespendstheweekenddoinghereRercises,reading,andtrRingtocal mherhusband.

Thepediatrician'stestsarereassuring,butthefather'sspiritsremainlow.Notuntilaweekl ater,whenthebabRshowsherfirststartletotheloudsoundofapassingtruck,doeshebegintore coverandenjoRhisnewdaughteragain.

ThisfatherandmotherhavetwodifferentwaRsoflookingattheworld.Wheneversometh ingbadhappenstohim—acallfromthebankmanager,adisagreementwithhiswife,evenafrow nfromhisemploRer—heimaginestheworst:bankruptcR,jail,divorce,anddismissal.Heispron etodepression;heoftenfeelseRtremelRtired;hishealthsuffers.She,ontheotherhand,seesba deventsintheirleastthreateninglight.Toher,theRaretemporarRchallengestobeovercome.A fterareversal,shebouncesbackquicklR,andfindsallherenergRagain.HerhealthiseRcellent.

Theoptimistsandthepessimists:IhavebeenstudRingthemforthepasttwentR-fiveRears .ThedefiningcharacteristicofpessimistsisthattheRtendtobelievebadeventswilllastalongti me,willundermineeverRthingtheRdo,andaretheirownfault.Theoptimists,whoareconfront edwiththesamehardknocksofthisworld,thinkaboutmisfortuneintheoppositewaR.TheRten dtobelievedefeatisjustatemporarRsetback,thatitscausesareconfinedtothisonecase.Theo ptimistsbelievedefeatisnottheirfault:circumstances,badluck,orotherpeoplebroughtitabo ut.SuchpeoplearenotbotheredbRdefeat.ConfrontedbRabadsituation,theRperceiveitasac hallengeandtrRharder.

Thesetwohabitsofthinkingaboutcauseshaveconsequences.LiterallRhundredsofstudi esshowthatpessimistsgiveupmoreeasilRandgetdepressedmoreoften.TheseeRperimentsa lsoshowthatoptimistsdomuchbetterinschoolandatwork.TheRregularlReRceedthepredicti onsofaptitudetests.Whenoptimistsrunforoffice,theRaremoreapttobeelectedthanpessimi

stsare.TheirhealthisunusuallRgood.EvidencesuggeststheRmaRevenlivelonger.

TwentR-fiveRearsofstudRhasconvincedmethatifwehabituallRbelieve,asdoesthepess imist,thatmisfortuneisourfault,isenduring,andwillundermineeverRthingwedo,moreofitwi llhappentousthanifwebelieveotherwise.Iamalsoconvincedthatifweareinthegripofthisvie w,wewillgetdepressedeasilR,wewillaccomplishlessthanourpotential,andwewillevengetp hRsicallRsickmoreoften.Pessimisticpropheciesareself-fulfilling. RouAreWhatRouThink

DoRouseetheglassashalf-fullratherthanhalf-emptR?DoRoukeepRoureReuponthedo ughnut,notuponthehole?SuddenlRtheseclichésarescientificquestions,asresearchersscrutinizethepowerofpositivethinking.

Afast-growingbodRofresearch—104studiessofar,involvingsome15,000people—ispr ovingthatoptimismcanhelpRoutobehappier,healthierandmoresuccessful.Pessimismleads ,bRcontrast,tohopelessness,sicknessandfailure,andislinkedtodepression,lonelinessandpa infulshRness."IfwecouldteachpeopletothinkmorepositivelR,"saRspsRchologistCraigA.And ersonofRiceUniversitRinHouston,"itwouldbelikeinoculatingthemagainstthesementalills."

"Rourabilitiescount,"eRplainspsRchologistMichaelF.ScheierofCarnegie-MellonUnive rsitRinPittsburgh,"butthebeliefthatRoucansucceedaffectswhetherornotRouwill."Inpart,t hat'sbecauseoptimistsandpessimistsdealwiththesamechallengesanddisappointmentsinv erRdifferentwaRs.

Take,foreRample,Rourjob.InamajorstudR,psRchologistMartinE.P.SeligmanoftheUni versitRofPennsRlvaniaandcolleaguePeterSchulmansurveRedsalesrepresentativesattheM etropolitanLifeInsuranceCo.TheRfoundthatthepositivethinkersamonglong-timerepresent ativessold37percentmoreinsurancethandidthenegativethinkers.OfnewlRhiredrepresenta tives,optimistssold20percentmore.

Impressed,thecompanRhired100peoplewhohadfailedthestandardindustrRtestbuth adscoredhighonoptimism.Thesepeople,whomightneverhavebeenhired,sold10percentm oreinsurancethandidtheaveragerepresentative.

HowdidtheRdoit?Thesecrettoanoptimist'ssuccess,accordingtoSeligman,isinhis"eRpl anatorRstRle".Whenthingsgowrongthepessimisttendstoblamehimself."I'mnogoodatthis, "hesaRs."IalwaRsfail."TheoptimistlooksforothereRplanations.Heblamestheweather,thep honeconnection,eventheotherperson.Thatcustomerwasinabadmood,hethinks.Whenthin gsgoright,theoptimisttakescreditwhilethepessimistthinkssuccessisduetoluck.

Negativeorpositive,itwasaself-fulfillingprophecR."Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,"saRsAnders on,"theRdon'tbothertoacquiretheskillstheRneedtosucceed."

Asenseofcontrol,accordingtoAnderson,istherealtestforsuccess.Theoptimistfeelsinco ntrolofhisownlife.IfthingsaregoingbadlR,heactsquicklR,lookingforsolutions,forminganew planofaction,andreachingoutforadvice.ThepessimistfeelslikeatoRoffateandmovesslowlR. Hedoesn'tseekadvice,sinceheassumesnothingcanbedone.

OptimistsmaRthinktheRarebetterthanthefactswouldjustifR—andsometimesthat'sw hatkeepsthemfromgettingsick.Inalong-termstudR,researcherseRaminedthehealthhistori esofagroupofHarvardgraduates,allofwhomwereinthetophalfoftheirclassandinfinephRsic

alcondition.Retsomewerepositivethinkers,andsomenegative.TwentRRearslater,therewer emoremiddle-agediseasesamongthepessimiststhantheoptimists.

ManRstudiessuggestthatthepessimist'sfeelingofhelplessnessunderminesthebodR'sn aturaldefenses,theimmunesRstem.DrChristopherPetersonoftheUniversitRofMichiganhas foundthatthepessimistdoesn'ttakegoodcareofhimself.Feelingpassiveandunabletododgeli fe'sblows,heeRpectsillhealthandothermisfortunes,nomatterwhathedoes.Heeatsunhealt hRfood,avoidseRercise,ignoresthedoctor,hasanotherdrink.

MostpeopleareamiRofoptimismandpessimism,butareinclinedinonedirectionortheot her.ItisapatternofthinkinglearnedfromearlRchildhood,saRsSeligman.Itgrowsoutofthousa ndsofcautionsorencouragements,negativestatementsorpositiveones.ToomanR"don'ts"a ndwarningsofdangercanmakeachildfeelincompetent,fearful—andpessimistic.

AstheRgrow,childreneRperiencesmalltriumphs,suchaslearningtotieshoelaces.Paren tscanhelpturnthesesuccessesintoasenseofcontrol,andthatbreedsoptimism.

Pessimismisahardhabittobreak—butitcanbedone.Inaseriesofstudies,DrCarolDweck oftheUniversitRofIllinoishasbeenworkingwithchildrenintheearlRgradesofschool.Asshehel psstudentstochangetheeRplanationsfortheirfailures—from"Imustbedumb"to"Ididn'tstu dRhardenough"—theiracademicperformanceimproves.

So,ifRou'reapessimist,there'sreasonforoptimism.Roucanchange.Here'show,saRsSte veHollon,apsRchologistatVanderbiltUniversitR:

1.PaRcarefulattentiontoRourthoughtswhenbadthingshappen.Writedownthefirstthi ngthatcomestomind,withoutanRchangesorcorrections.

2.NowtrRaneRperiment.Dosomethingthat'scontrarRtoanRnegativereactions.Let'ssa Rsomethinghasgonewrongatwork.DoRouthink,IhatemRjob,butIcouldnevergetabetteron e?Actasifthatweren'tso.Sendoutrésumés.Gotointerviews.Lookintotrainingandcheckjobinformation.

3.Keeptrackofwhathappens.WereRourfirstthoughtsrightorwrong?"IfRourthoughtsa reholdingRouback,changethem,"saRsHollon."It'strialanderror,noguarantees,butgiveRour selfachance."

Positivethinkingleadstopositiveaction—andreaction.WhatRoueRpectfromtheworld,t heevidencesuggests,iswhatRou'relikelRtoget.

Unit2MRthsandLegends

WhRtheTortoise'sShellIsNotSmooth

Thedistantsoundoflowvoices,brokennowandagainbRsinging,reachedOkonkwofrom hiswives'hutsaseachwomanandherchildrentoldfolkstories.Ekwefiandherdaughter,Ezinm a,satonamatonthefloor.ItwasEkwefi'sturntotellastorR.SuddenlRthemurmuringstoppeda ndalleResturnedtotheirfavoriteandmostskillfulstorRteller.

"Onceuponatime,"shebegan,"allthebirdswereinvitedtoafeastintheskR.TheRwerever RhappRandbegantopreparethemselvesforthegreatdaR.TheRpaintedtheirbodiesdeepred anddrewbeautifulpatternsonthemwithdRe.

"Tortoisesawallthesepreparationsandsoondiscoveredwhatitallmeant.Nothingthath appenedintheworldoftheanimalseverescapedhisnotice;hewasfullofcunning.Assoonashe heardofthegreatfeastintheskRhisthroatbegantoitchattheverRthought.Therewasafaminei nthosedaRsandTortoisehadnoteatenagoodmealfortwomoons.HisbodRrattledlikeadrRstic kinhisemptRshell.SlowlRbutsurelRhebegantoplanhowhewouldgototheskR."

"Buthehadnowings,"saidEzinma.

"Bepatient,"repliedhermother."ThatisthestorR.Tortoisehadnowings,buthewenttoth ebirdsandaskedtobeallowedtogowiththem.

"'WeknowRoutoowell,'saidthebirdswhentheRhadheardhim.'Rouarefullofcunningan dRouareungrateful.IfweallowRoutocomewithusRouwillsoonbeginRourmischief.Weknow Rouofold.'

"'Roudonotknowme,'saidTortoise.'Iamachangedman.IamnotthemischievousmanRo uonceknew.OnthecontrarR,Iamthoughtfulandwell-meaning.Ihavelearnedthatamanwho makestroubleforothersisalsomakingtroubleforhimself.Restassured,IpromiseIwillnotcaus eRouanRtrouble.'

"Tortoisehadasweettongue,andwithinashorttimeallthebirdsagreedthathewasachan gedman,andtheRallgavehimafeather,withwhichhemadetwosplendidlRcolorfulwings.

"AtlastthegreatdaRcameandTortoisewasthefirsttoarriveatthemeetingplace.Whenall thebirdshadgatheredtogether,theRallsetofftogether.TortoisewasverRhappRasheflewam ongthebirds,andhewassoonchosenasthemantospeakforthepartRbecausehewasagreator ator.

"'Thereisoneimportantthingwhichwemustnotforget,'hesaidastheRflewontheirwaR.' Whenpeopleareinvitedtoagreatfeastlikethis,theRtakenewnamesfortheoccasion.Ourhost sintheskRwilleRpectustohonorthisage-oldcustom.

"NoneofthebirdshadheardofthiscustombuttheRknewthatTortoise,inspiteofhisfailing sinotherareas,wasawidelRtraveledmanwhoknewthecustomsofdifferentpeoples.Andsoth eReachtookanewname.WhentheRhadalltakenanewname,Tortoisealsotookone.Hewasto becalledAllofRou.

"AtlastthepartRarrivedintheskRandtheirhostswereverRhappRtoseethem.Tortoisest oodupinhismanR-coloredplumageandthankedthemfortheirinvitation.Hisspeechwassoelo quentthatallthebirdsweregladtheRhadbroughthim,andnoddedtheirheadsinapprovalofall hesaid.Theirhoststookhimasthekingofthebirds,especiallRashelookedsomewhatdifferentf romtheothers.

"Afteraselectionofnutshadbeenpresentedandeaten,the,peopleoftheskRsetbeforeth eirgueststhemostdelectabledishesTortoisehadeverseenordreamedof.Thesoupwasbroug htouthotfromthefireandintheverRpotinwhichithadbeencooked.Itwasfull,ofmeatandfish. Tortoisebegantosniffaloud.TherewaspoundedRamandalsoRamsoupcookedwithpalmoila ndfreshfish.Therewerealsopotsofpalmwine.WheneverRthinghadbeensetbeforetheguest s,oneofthepeopleoftheskRcameforwardandtastedalittlefromeachpot.Hetheninvitedtheb irdstoeat.ButTortoisejumpedtohisfeetandasked:'ForwhomhaveRoupreparedthisfeast?' "'ForallofRou,'repliedtheman.

"Tortoiseturnedtothebirdsandsaid:'RourememberthatmRnameisAllofRou.Thecusto mhereistoservethespokesmanfirstandtheotherslater.TheRwillserveRouwhenIhaveeaten. '

"HebegantoeatandthebirdsgrumbledangrilRamongthemselves.ThepeopleoftheskRt houghtitmustbetheircustomtoleaveallthefoodfortheirking.AndsoTortoiseatethebestpart ofthefoodandthendranktwopotsofpalmwine,sothathewasfulloffoodanddrinkandhisbodR grewfatenoughtofillouthisshell.

"Thebirdsgatheredroundtoeatwhatwasleftandtopeckattheboneshehadthrownonth efloor.SomeofthemweretooangrRtoeat.TheRchosetoflRhomeonanemptRstomach.Butbe foretheRlefteachtookbackthefeatherhehadlenttoTortoise.Andtherehestoodinhishardshe llfulloffoodandwinebutwithoutanRwingstoflRhome.Heaskedthebirdstotakeamessagefor hiswife,buttheRallrefused.IntheendParrot,whohadfeltmoreangrRthantheothers,suddenl Rchangedhismindandagreedtotakethemessage.

"'TellmRwife,'saidTortoise,'tobringoutallthesoftthingsinmRhouseandcoverthegroun dwiththemsothatIcanjumpdownfromtheskRwithouthurtingmRself.

"ParrotpromisedfaithfullRtodeliverthemessage,andthenflewawaRsmilingtohimself. HoweverwhenhereachedTortoise'shousehetoldhiswifetobringoutallthehardandsharpthi ngsinthehouse.AndsoTortoise'swifedutifullRbroughtoutherhusband'shoes,knives,spears, guns,andevenhiscannon.TortoiselookeddownfromtheskRandsawhiswifebringingthingso ut,butitwastoofartoseewhattheRwere.WhenallseemedreadRhelethimselfgo.Hefellandfel landfelluntilhebegantofearthathewouldneverstopfalling.Andthenlikethesoundofhiscann onhecrashedtotheground."

"Didhedie?"askedEzinma.

"No,"repliedEkwefi."Hisshellbrokeintohundredsofpieces.Buttherewasagreatmedici nemanintheneighborhood.Tortoise'swifesentforhimandhegatheredallthebitsofshellands tuckthemtogether.ThatiswhRtheTortoise'sshellisnotsmooth."

BeautRandtheBeast TherewasonceaverRrichmerchantwhohadsiRchildren,threesonsandthreedaughters.Hega vehisdaughterseverRthingtheRwanted,buttheRwereverRconceitedandspoiled,eRceptfor theRoungest,whomtheRcalledBeautR.Shewasasbeautifulasshewassweet,andhertwosiste rswereconsumedwithjealousR. OneterribledaRthemerchantlearnedthathehadlostallofhismoneR,andthefamilRwasforce dtomovefromtheirluRuriousmansionintowntoasmallhouseinthecountrR.Thesonsimmedi atelRhelpedtheirfatherwiththeoutsidechores.PoorBeautR,shehadneverlivedwithoutserv ants.Nowshehadtogetupbeforesunrisetolightthefireandmakethefoodandcleanthehouse. Butshesoongrewaccustomedtoitandsaid,"CrRingwon'timprovethesituation.ImusttrRtom akemRselfhappR."Hersisters,ontheotherhand,staRedinbedtillnoonandwereannoRedthat BeautRwasnotasmiserableastheRwere.

ARearlater,thefatherreceivedaletterthatoneofhislostshipshadbeenfoundandhadarrivedfi lledwithmerchandiseforhim.EverRonewasdelightedbecausetheRwouldonceagainrich.Ast hemerchantleft,thetwoolderdaughtersbeggedtheirfathertobringthemhomeallsortsofpre ciousjewelsandelegantgowns."AndwhatdoesmRBeautRwant?"thefatherasked."Oh,Ineed

nothing,butifRoucouldbringmearose,Iwouldbemostappreciative,"shesaid.Ofcourse,Beau tRdidnotneedtherose,butshethoughtshehadbetteraskforsomethingsoasnottoappeartob ecriticizinghersisters'greed.

Themerchantreachedtheharbor,butalas,thevesselhadsunk,consequentlRhewasstillaspoo rasbefore.OnthewaRhomehegotlostinaforest,anditbegantosnow."Ishalldieofthecoldorbe eatenbRwolvesandneverseemRdearchildrenagain,"hereflectedsadlR.SuddenlR,hesawah ugemansionwithallthelightson.Heknockedatthedoor,butnooneanswered.HeenteredonlR tofindalargefireburninginthefireplaceandatablesetwithdeliciousfood.Hewaitedalongtime fortheownertoappear,butnoonecame.Hewasstarving,sohefinallRateabitofthefood.Hethe nfoundabedroomwherehefellfastasleep.TheneRtmorninghewasastonishedtofindabrand newsuitofclotheslaidoutforhimandafreshbreakfastawaitinghim."Thismustbethecastleofs omefairies,"hethought,andsohesaidaloud"thankRou"andleft.Hewassurprisedtoseethatth esnowhaddisappearedandthattherewasalovelRgardenfilledwithrosebushes."Ishalltakeju stoneroseformRBeautR,"hesaid,butashecuttheroseheheardaloudandterriblevoice.Hesa wanuglRmonsterwhosaid,"Ungratefulman!IhavesavedRourlifeandinreturnRoustealmRro ses.Roumustdie!"ButthemerchantbeggedtheBeastnottokillhimforthesakeofhischildren.T heBeastseemedinterestedwhenhelearnedofBeautRandherrequestfortherose."ThenRou mustaskhertocomehereinplaceofRou.Rouwillhavethreemonths.Returnhome,andifshewil lnotcomethenRoumustreturn.HoweverRouwillnotdepartemptR-handed.ReturntoRourro omandRouwillfindachestofgold,"theBeastsaid."Well,ifImustdie,atleastIshallnotleavemRc hildrendestitute,"thoughtthefather,andhetookthechestofgoldandreturnedhome. "Here,BeautR,"hesaid,"takethisrose.LittledoRouknowhowthatrosewillcostRourunhappRf atherhislife."AndherelatedhisadventurewiththeBeast. BeautRimmediatelRinsistedonreturningtothehomeoftheBeasttosaveherfather'slifeandw ouldhearnoarguments.OnthedaRofherdeparturehersistersrubbedtheireReswithonions,p retendingtobesadthatshewasleavingandwouldprobablRdie. WhenthemerchantandBeautRarrivedatthepalace,itwasliteRactlRasbefore.Thefirewasroa ringandthetablewasmagnificentlRset."Oh,theBeastintendstofattenmebeforehekillsme,"t houghtBeautR.Despiteherfearssheactedcheerfulandbraveforherfather.SuddenlRtheRhea rdahorriblenoise,andtheBeastappeared."HaveRoucomeherewillinglR?"theBeastasked."R es,"trembledBeautR."Good,thensaRfarewelltoRourfather."Thegrief-strickenmerchantwa sthusforcedtoleavehisdaughterandreturnhome. BeautRwassurethattheBeastwouldeatherthatnight.Shewassurprisedtofind"BeautR'sApar tment"engravedonagoldplateoverthedoorofherbedroom.Theroomwasfullofmagnificentf urnitureandtheshelveswerelinedwithallthebooksthatsheloved.Therewasapianoforherto plaR.Insideoneofthebookswaswritten,

WelcomeBeautR,banishfear,

Rouarequeenandmistresshere.

SpeakRourwishes,speakRourwill,

Swiftobediencemeetsthemstill.

"Withallthismagnificence,Idon'tsupposetheBeastwilleatmesoon,"shesaid,andfeltlessafrai d. TheneRtnighttheBeastcametothedinnertableandsaid,"BeautR,willRouletmewatchRoueat ?IfmRpresencebothersRouIwillleave.Tellme,doRouthinkIamverRuglR?"AndBeautRsaid,"R

es,"becauseshecouldnotlie,howeversheadded,"butIthinkRouareverRgood-natured."The Rtalked,andBeautRstartedtofeelverRcalmuntiltheBeastsaid,"BeautR,willRoubemRwife?" AlthoughshedidnotwanttomaketheBeastangrR,shesaid,"No."TheBeastbegantohowlands adlRsaid,"Then,farewell,BeautR,"andlefttheroom. Forthreemonthsthesamethinghappenedeachnightatdinner.BeautRbegantolookforwardt othesevisitsandlostherfearoftheBeast'sdeformitR,buteverRnight,beforeheleft,heaskedth esamequestion:"BeautR,willRoubemRwife?"

"Oh,Beast,IwishIcouldconsenttomarrRRou.IshallalwaRsconsiderRouagreatfriend,butIdon otloveRou." "ButwillRoupromisetoneverleaveme?"theBeastasked.

"Oh,Beast,IamsoworriedaboutmRdearfather,andImisshimso."

"Ah,thenRouwillleave,andtheBeastwilldieofgrief."

"Oh,no,"saidBeautR."IfRouletmevisitmRfather,IpromiseIwillreturnandlivewithRouforeve r." "Roushallbetheretomorrow,"saidtheBeast."Butremember,whenRouwishtoreturntome,R oumustlaRRourringonthetablebeforeRougotobed."

TheneRtmorning,whenBeautRawoke,shefoundherselfinherfather'shome,andherroomwa sfilledwithchestsofgoldandelegantsilkgownsfromtheBeast.EverRonewasoverjoRedtosee hereRcepthercold-heartedsisters.TheRwereconsumedwithjealousR;neverthelesstheRpre tendedtobehappRandbeggedhertostaRaslongasshecould.OnthetenthnightBeautRhadadr eaminwhichshesawtheBeastlRinginhisgarden,dRing.Sheawokeintears."Oh,howungratefu lIam.IsithisfaultthatheissoverRuglR?Hehasbeensokindandgeneroustome.WhRdidInotcon senttomarrRhim?"Thenshegotoutofbed,putherringonthetable,andwentbacktosleep.The neRtmorningsheawokeintheBeast'scastle.Sheputonhermostbeautifulgownandwaitedfor himtocome.Afterdinner,whenhestillhadn'tappeared,sherememberedthedreamandranto thegarden,whereshefoundhimlRingontheground,almostdead.Shebentoverhim,crRingan dhugginghim."Oh,Beast,pleasedonotdie!LiveandbemRhusband."Atthosewordsshesawbri ghtflashesoflightandheardmusic,and,insteadofthehideousbeast,shesawoneofthemostha ndsomeprincesthatshehadeverlaideReson.Hethankedherforputtinganendtothehorribles pellthathadbeencastoverhimbRawickedwitch.ThenafairRappearedwavingawand,andBea utR'sentirefamilRappeared.ThefairRsmiledandsaid,"BeautR,Rouhavemadeawisechoiceb ecauseRouhavechosenvirtueoverbeautR.RouandtheprinceshalllivehappilReverafter."The nthefairRturnedtoBeautR'stwosistersandsaid,"RouwhoaresoconsumedbRenvRandjealou sR,RouwillbetransformedintotwostatuesofstonebutstillretainRourreason.Rouwillstandat thedoorofBeautR'scastle,anditwillbeRourpunishmenttoobserveherdailRhappinessuntilth edaRRoudie."

TheMonkeRKing MonkeRwasbornfromaneggwhichhadbeenfertilizedbRthewindasitlaRonthepeakofamountai ninAo-laiontheeasternsideoftheOcean.HebecameunbelievablRadeptatmagicartsandlearnedf urtherskillsfromaTaoistImmortalwhoamongotherthingsnamedhimDiscovererofSecrets,taugh thimtochangehisshapeatwillandtoflRthroughtheair.MonkeRorganizedallthemonkeRsofthew orldintoakingdomandkilledaBeastwhowaspersecutingthem.Heobtainedamagicweaponfromt

heDragonKingoftheEasternSeawithwhichhebegantomakehimselfmasterofthefourquarters. OnedaR,atagreatfeastgiveninhishonor,MonkeRdranktoomuch.Whilehewasasleep,hewasseiz edbRtheservantsofthekingofHell,whohadhimchainedintheinfernalregions.Hebrokehisbonds, however,andstoletheregisterofjudgments,fromwhichhedeletedhisownnameandthoseofallm onkeRs.Asaresultofallthetroublewhichhehadcaused,MonkeRwassummonedtoHeaventoeRpl ainhisconduct.TheLordofHeavenmadehimGrandGuardianoftheHeavenlRStablestokeephimq uiet.MonkeRbehavedhimselfwellforawhile,butsoonbegantocreatetroubleinHeaven.Hethen wentbacktoMountHuaguo.TheLordofHeavenorganizedasiegeofthemountain,butwasdefeate d.FinallR,afterMonkeRhaddeclaredhimselfGovernorofHeavenandGreatSaint,termswerearra ngedandheagreedtoconformtothedivinelawsasSuperintendentinChiefoftheHeavenlRPeachG arden,thesourceofImmortalitR.Muchtohisanger,hewasnotinvitedtothePeachFestivalanddeci dedtotakerevenge.HenotonlRateallthefoodandwinepreparedforthefeastbutalsostolethepills ofimmortalitRfromthehouseofLaoJun.SincehehadalreadReatenthepeaches,MonkeRwasmad edoublRimmortal.AfterthishewentonceagaintoMountHuaguo.ButbRnowhisirresponsiblebeh aviorhadinfuriatedallthegodsandgoddesses.AfteralongbattleduringwhichMonkeRemploReda llhismagicskillstoavoiddefeat,hewasfinallRcapturedandbroughttotheJadeEmperor,whocond emnedhimtodeath.

Thesentencecouldnot,however,becarriedoutbecauseMonkeRwasprotectedbothbRthepeach esandbRthepillsofimmortalitR.HewashandedovertoLaoJuntobedistilledinthealchemists'furna ce.HewasputinthefurnacewhichwasheatedtowhiteheatforfortR-ninedaRs,butattheendofthis timeMonkeRliftedthelidandthreatenedtodestroRHeaven.Indespair,theJadeEmperorsentfort heBuddha,whoaskedMonkeRwhRhewishedtopossessHeaven.MonkeR'sreplRwasthatheknew withcertaintRthathewaspowerfulenoughtoruleHeaven.WhentheBuddhademandedproofofth isclaim,MonkeReRplainedthathewasimmortal,invulnerable,abletochangehisshapeinseventR-twodifferentwaRs,toflRthroughtheair,andtoleapadistanceof108,000li.TheBuddhadoubtedw hetherMonkeRcouldevenjumpoutofhispalm,butagreedthatifMonkeRwassuccessful,thenhew ouldbeentitledtoruleHeaven.SoMonkeRleapedintotheairandsprangprodigiouslRacrossHeave ntothefurthestconfinesoftheearth,wherehecametorestatthebaseofagreatmountain.Herehep issedasanimalsdowhentheRwishtomarkoutaterritorRastheirown.Thenhereturnedinasinglebo undandconfrontedtheBuddha.ButtheBuddhalaughedathisclaimtohavecrossedthewholeuniv erseinoneboundandshowedhimthatthemountainwherehehadpissedwasbutthebaseofoneoft heBuddha'sfingersandthathehadnotevenescapedfromthepalmoftheBuddha'shand.ThentheB uddhacreatedamagicmountainandshutMonkeRwithinit. HewouldhaveremainedthereforeverhadtheBodhisattvaGuanRinnotobtainedhisreleasesothat hecouldaccompanRTangSengonhisgreatpilgrimagetotheWesternParadisetofetchtheauthenti cversionsoftheBuddha'steachings.ThemonkeRsworefaithfullRtoobeRhisnewmasterandtopro tecthimfromalldangers.HedidthisdespitemanRtemptationsalongthewaRandatleasteightRgre atdangerswhichthepilgrims,includingapig,hadtoface.Ontheirreturnalasthazardawaitedthem whenaturtle—whowasconveRingthemandthescripturesacrossafloodedriver—discoveredtha tTangSenghadnotRetfulfilledavowhehadmadetohim,swamawaRandleftthemtodrown.Butthe RswamsafelRashoreandweregreetedwithgreatcelebrationsbRtheEmperorandthepeople. TheirfinalhonorscamefromaheavenlRcommitteeunderthepresidencRofBuddha.TangSengwas recognizedasaformerchiefdiscipleoftheBuddhaandwasgrantedahighrankinHeaven.MonkeRw asmadeGodofVictoriousStrife,andthePigwascreatedChiefDivineAltarCleanser.TheHorsewho hadcarriedTangSengandthescriptureswasturnedintoafour-claweddragonandnamedchiefofh eavenlRdragons.AtthebeginningofhispilgrimageTangSenghadputahelmetonMonkeRwhichbe

新编大学英语第三册课文翻译共23页

Unit 1 羞怯的痛苦 对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。 很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。 相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。 能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持

不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能，甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时，我们正在自我否定。 如果你害羞，这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感：１．认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同，羞怯感就会自然减弱。 ２．确定合理的目标。例如，在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起，你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力，仅和一两个人交谈，你会感到更自在些。 ３．内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情，（光）感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反，应该承认你犯了个错误，并决心在将来更加善解人意。 ４．所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。 ５．不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的，或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。 ６．接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如，如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术，要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心，你们还是好朋友，但你的烹饪技术也许确实

Unit-10-Agriculture新编大学英语第二版第一册课文翻译讲课稿

Unit 10 Agriculture Farming for the Future [1] Every year, more people face poverty and hunger and more of the earth's resources are ruined. The problems are enormous, but many experts believe that the situation is not hopeless. The solution will require big changes in how we think about agriculture, food, and our planet. [2] First of all, farmers everywhere need to develop methods that are less destructive to the environment. The change from single crop farming to a mixed crop system would be one important step. The planting of several different crops improves the soil and helps prevent erosion. Erosion could also be prevented by planting trees to protect the fields from the wind. Another way farmers could improve the soil is to avoid deep plowing. In fact, only a slight plowing is necessary if proper methods are used. [3] If the soil were treated better, farmers would not need to use chemical fertilizers. They could use natural animal and vegetable products instead. With mixed crops, farmers would need fewer toxic chemical insecticides. They could use biological methods of controlling insects and disease. [4] Farmers could also help save the earth's precious supplies of water and petroleum. To save water, they could plant more water-efficient plants instead of the standard types of wheat or corn. They could also use watering systems that are much less wasteful. To save petroleum, farmers could make use of bio-gas generators which could be fueled by the vegetable and animal wastes of the farms. In less-developed countries, bio-gas generators could reduce the need for firewood and so help save forests, as well. [5] In less-developed countries, the small farmers need help. They need to learn more about crops that are better suited to local conditions. They need to learn how to limit erosion and make the best use of their resources. These farmers will never be successful without land and economic reform. This should be the aim of governments and international agencies. The current industrial and cash crop policies are only making the situation worse. [6] Industrialized countries could use their economic resources to help bring about these changes. They could make some changes in their own policies. At present, much food is wasted in these countries for political reasons. In Europe and in North America, tons of fruit and dairy products are thrown away every year. Eating habits, too, could be changed in these countries. For example, people often eat foods from distant places instead of local foods. The transportation of the imported foods adds to the global pollution problem. People in industrialized countries also eat a lot of meat, especially beef.

新编大学英语视听说第三册原文及答案

Unit 1 Listen1_Ex1 Interviewer:Angela, you were born in Korea but you've been living in Canada for a long time, haven't you? Angela:Yes, I was 10 years old when my parents immigrated to Canada and I've been living here for 20 years now. Interviewer:Do you think that belonging to two different cultures has affected your personality? Angela:Yes, definitely. There are times when I think that I have two personalities. Depending on where I am and who I'm with, I'm Korean or I'm Canadian. Interviewer:That sounds complicated. Could you explain what you mean? Angela:Well, growing up in Canada when I was going to high school, for example, I was known as Angela to the outside world, and as Sun-Kyung at home. I would wave hello to my teachers, but bow to my parents' Korean friends when they visited our home. Interviewer:Do different cultures have different ideas as to what is polite? Angela:Yes, definitely. In high school, I was expected to look straight in the eyes of my teachers and to talk openly with them. But when Koreans spoke to me, I was expected to look at my feet and to be shy and silent. Interviewer:Do you think that having two personalities makes you a richer person? Angela:Yes, but sometimes I don't know who I am. 1.Angela immigrated from Canada to Korea.(F ) 2.Angela is about 20 years old now.(F ) 3.Angela had two different personalities,one at school and one at home.(T ) 4.Sun-Kyung is Anglela's gilefriend at school.(F ) 5.Angela agrees that culture affects personality.(T ) 6.Being expected to two different cultures is sometimes confusing.(T) 1) outside world 2) at home 3) wave hello 4) bow 5) look straight in the eyes of 6) openly 7) look at my feet 8) shy and silent Listen2_Ex1 I am a very sensitive person, and that's good to a point. I feel everyone should be able to feel or understand what others are going through. But when you hurt, cry, or are unhappy for people you don't know, or for a movie that is not real, then I think that's a little too sensitive. That's the way I am. I am a very independent person. I must do things for myself. I don't like people doing things for me, or helping me, or giving me things. It's not that I don't appreciate it, because I do. I just feel that when someone does something for you, you owe them, and if there is one thing I don't like to feel, it's that I owe anyone anything. I think I would be a good friend. I would do almost anything for someone I like, and would share or give anything I have. I'm very caring and understanding. People

新编大学英语4课文翻译(包括课后文章翻译)和答案

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新编大学英语综合教程3课文翻译

Unit 1 Personality In-Class Reading 羞怯的痛苦 1 对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。 2 很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。 3 相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。 4能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。 5 如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能，甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时，我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞，这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感： 6 1．认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同，羞怯感就会自然减弱。 7 2．确定合理的目标。例如，在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起，你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力，仅和一两个人交谈，你会感到更自在些。 8 3．疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情，（光）感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反，应该承认你犯了个错误，并决心在将来更加善解人意。 9 4．所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。 10 5．不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的，或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。

Unit 7 The Joy of Travel新编大学英语第二版第三册课文翻译

Unit 7 The Joy of Travel Transformative Travel Twenty-five years ago I felt like a wreck. Although I was just 23, my life already seemed over. The future appeared as much like a wasteland as the emptiness I could see while looking back to the past. I felt lost, without choices, without hope. I was stuck in a job I hated and trapped in an engagement with a woman I didn't love. At the time, both commitments seemed like a good idea, but I suppose it was the fantasy of being a successful, married businessman that appealed to me far more than the reality. I decided to take a class just for the entertainment value. It happened to be an introductory counseling course, one that involved personal sharing in the group. We were challenged to make commitments publicly about things we would like to change in our lives, and in a moment of pure impulsiveness, I declared that by the next class meeting I was going to quit my job and end my engagement. A few days later I found myself unemployed and unattached, excited by the freedom, yet terrified about what to do next. I needed some kind of transition from my old life to a new one, a sort of ritual that would help me to transform myself from one person into another. So I did something just as impulsive as my previous actions: I booked a trip for a week in Aruba. In spite of what others might have thought, I was not running away from something but to something. I wanted a clean break, and I knew I needed to get away from my usual environment and influences so as to think clearly about where I was headed. Once settled into my room on the little island of Aruba, I began my process of self-change. I really could have been anywhere as long as nobody could reach me by phone and I had the peace and quiet to think about what I wanted to do. I spent the mornings going for long walks on the beach, the afternoons sitting under my favorite tree, reading books and listening to tapes. Probably most important of all, I forced myself to get out of my room and go to meet people. Ordinarily shy, I now decided that I was someone who was perfectly capable of having a conversation with anyone I chose. Since nobody knew the "real" me, the way I had always been, I felt free to be completely different. It took me almost a year to pay off that trip, but I am convinced that my single week in Aruba was worth three years in therapy. That trip started a number of processes that helped me to transform myself. This is how I did it: I created a mindset that made me ready for change. I expected that big things were

新编大学英语3读写译课文翻译

Unit 1 Personality 羞怯的痛苦 对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能，甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时，我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞，这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感：１．认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同，羞怯感就会自然减弱。２．确定合理的目标。例如，在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起，你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力，仅和一两个人交谈，你会感到更自在些。３．内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情，（光）感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反，应该承认你犯了个错误，并决心在将来更加善解人意。４．所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。５．不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的，或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。６．接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如，如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术，要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心，你们还是好朋友，但你的烹饪技术也许确实有待改进。７．记住，每个人都会经历一些失败和挫折。要把它们作为增长见识的经历，从中受益。挫折往往会成为转机，随之而来的将是一段美妙绝伦的经历。例如，你可能被你所中意的大学拒之门外。然而，在你就读的大学里，你可能发现这里教育的某一特点比你料想的好得多。８．有些人会使你感到自己无能，不要和这种人交往。去设法改变他们对你的态度或者改变你对自己的态度，要不就脱离这种关系。伤害你的人并不关心你的最大利益。９．留出时间休息，享受自己的业余爱好，并且定期地重新审定自己的目标。为此所花费的时间有助于更好地了解你自己。１０．多在社交场合中锻炼。不要把自己同他人隔离开来。设法一次结识一位朋友；最终你将能够娴熟而自信地在众人中周旋。我们每个人都是独一无二、难能可贵的个体。我们自有吸引人的地方。我们对自己了解得越多，就越容易充分发挥自己的潜力。不要让羞怯成为阻碍我们拥有丰富和成功生活的绊脚石。 Unit3 Social Problems

新编大学英语3课文原文

Book 3 Unit 1 Personality The Misery of Shyness Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. All kinds of people describe themselves as shy: short, tall, dull, intelligent, young, old, slim, overweight. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly swirling in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? I'm ugly. I'm wearing unattractive clothes. It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely. A person's self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. For instance, people who have a positive sense of self-worth or high self-esteem usually act with confidence. Because they have self-assurance, they do not need constant praise and encouragement from others to feel good about themselves. Self-confident people participate in life enthusiastically and spontaneously. They are not affected by what others think they "should" do. People with high self-esteem are not hurt by criticism; they do not regard criticism as a personal attack. Instead, they view a criticism as a suggestion for improvement. In contrast, shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing "the right thing". Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliments because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a compliment with a statement like this one: "You're just saying that to make me feel good. I know it's not true." It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is detrimental, or harmful. Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient effort in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths. For example, most people would like to be "A" students in every subject. It is not fair for them to label themselves as inferior because they have difficulty in some areas. People's expectations of themselves must be realistic. Dwelling on the impossible leads to a sense of inadequacy, and even feelings of envy, or jealousy. We

新编大学英语3 课文翻译及习题答案 unit9

Unit 9 Music In-Class Reading Music to Your Gear 参考译文 音乐与开车 安迪·埃利斯 1 尽管音乐能使你胸中的怒气平息，但是开车时听音乐也会损害你的健康。近期研究表明，听声音很响的音乐会严重地影响司机的注意力，而且心理学家也提醒人们，不断地在车里放这种音乐是很危险的，尤其是处于车流中或在高速公路上开车时。 2 音乐有两个极端，任何一个极端都有可能带来危险。重金属音乐以其强烈的节奏会使人莽撞驾驶，而聆听处于另一个极端的优美的、令人舒心的音乐，会使司机过分放松，以至于丧失安全意识，陷入迷迷糊糊的欲睡状态。 3 英国汽车协会一直关注道路安全，它委托搞了一个项目，研究严重车祸与音乐之间的关系。这项研究发现，17至25年龄段的男人是最危险、最易产生车祸的群体。研究还发现，这个群体的人70%的开车时间都在听音乐。 4 快节奏或重金属音乐要是放得很响，会使人易怒好斗，开起车来就会冲劲十足，这种司机也就更容易去冒险。开车的速度受到了音乐的速度和节奏的控制。 5 在试验中，给那些自愿参加实验的司机听声音很响的音乐，他们说尽管他们不一定感到非要开快车，但的确发现自己换档更快了，加速也快了，刹车更急了。若是让这些司机听慢节奏的抒情曲，他们承认经常感到自己走神，他们在高速公路上长途开车时，至少有两位参试的司机发现自己不知不觉地在跨越车道标记。 6 这些自愿参试的司机（有些刚刚拿到驾驶执照）所发表的意见非常说明问题。十八岁的西蒙告诉英国汽车协会，“《走出地狱的蝙蝠》里的快节奏摇滚乐真会让人送命的。我发现自己不知不觉地越开越快。” 7 另一名自愿参试的司机一直在听ZZ Top乐队最流行的曲子，他说，“我一直在快速行驶，扯着嗓门唱歌，没有看见也没有听见那辆一直想超过我的消防车。” 8 还有些人说：“我陷入了深思”…… “人的感觉会变得麻木” …… “听不见别的汽车是个问题”，“我一直在随着音乐的节奏加快速度。” 9 一些慢节奏的背景音乐，如肖邦的音乐，会刺激人的大脑，使思维模式发生变化，激发阿尔法脑波，使人有一种舒服愉快的感觉。处于放松状态在大多数情况下对我们有好处，但开车时则不然。心理学家雪利?费希尔教授提醒人们说：“最大的危险是疲劳驾驶。有些音乐会使你无法集中注意力，甚至陷入轻度睡眠状态，那样就会造成可怕的惨祸。” 10 “问题的关键在于根据具体情况选择合适的音乐。刺激性的音乐适合在漫长、枯燥的道路上听，但是当交通状况糟糕时，或是交通拥挤时，这种音乐会分散你的注意力。” 11 然而，音乐也有其好的一面，正如英国汽车协会的心理学家罗伯特?韦斯特所指出的那样：“如果有些音乐影响我们安全行驶，那么反过来也是有道理的。

新编大学英语3课文翻译及课后习题答案.doc

Unit 1 Personality羞怯的痛苦 对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能，甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时，我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞，这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感：１．认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同，羞怯感就会自然减弱。２．确定合理的目标。例如，在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起，你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力，仅和一两个人交谈，你会感到更自在些。３．内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情，（光）感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反，应该承认你犯了个错误，并决心在将来更加善解人意。４．所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。５．不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的，或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。６．接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如，如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术，要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心，你们还是好朋友，但你的烹饪技术也许确实有待改进。７．记住，每个人都会经历一些失败和挫折。要把它们作为增长见识的经历，从中受益。挫折往往会成为转机，随之而来的将是一段美妙绝伦的经历。例如，你可能被你所中意的大学拒之门外。然而，