sci写作常用精彩句式汇总
目的
To develop the methods for isolation and cultivation of A
To culture sth from surgical iridectomy specimens of eyes with and without A
The effect of various Xs on the growth, melanogenesis and dendrification of cultured Cs were studied
病因
As are involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of eye diseases, the most common intraocular tumor.
A also contribute to the pathogenesis of X1 and X2.
文献回顾
During the past 2 decades, much work has been done to isolate and cultivate C1 and C2 and to investigate the function of these cells in vitro.
PGs play important physiopathological and therapeutic roles in the eye. Several PGs have been studied for their effects on the reduction of IOP and their role in the treatment of A.
引起人们的重视
During the past decades, there has been an increasing interest in the relationship between exposure to light and the development of certain eye diseases, including A1, A2, and A3.
研究未明
Little /(very little) is known about/(concerning)
There have been only a few attempts to---, and no systematic attempts to
Little work has been performed on---
The role of remains tobe elucidated/clarified.
Compared with our knowledge of ---, little is known about---. Even less is known about its---. However, the effects of---have not been investigated thoroughly.
---has never been satisfactorily explained.
Although many studies of ---have reported and it is well established that EM do produce melanin in vivo, little is known about melanogenesis by A.
Little work has been performed on melanogenesis by A in vitro.
Investigation of melanogenesis by A in vitro has been hampered by an inability to obtain a sufficient number of pure A for study.
The role of the iris in normal function and in disease remain to be elucidated.
仍有争议
---remains controversial.
Whether A produce melanin in vivo during adulthood remains controversial.
The literature about the sth remains scant.
新进展
Sb has developed and report here new methods for A
We have developed methods for A
Recent advances in techniques of ---suggested---
Recently, it has been found that melanin from the uvea could stimulate A1 and may be involved in the pathogenesis of A2 and the A3
We have developed methods for isolation and culture of A.
保护作用
Ocular pigmentation, particularly ---, may play an important protective role in prevention of these
diseases.
研究目的
The purpose of the present study was to investigate melanogenesis by A in vitro
We wanted to explore specifically whether A produce melanin content in vitro, whether melanin content and melanin production by A in vitro correlate with iris pigmentation, whether cultured A express--- activity, and whether --- activity of A correlates with ---, ---and---
We also wanted to study factors influencing melanin content and production, as well as the --- activity of A in vitro.
比较分析
Recently epidemiological and molecular biological studies indicate that A1 is different from A2 and similar to A3, e.g., the occurrence of A1 is related to the sunlight exposure and mutation of BRAF gene, whereas the C2 are not.
The difference between the A1 and A2 may be determined by the different environmental and cellular factors of the C1 and C2.
These results indicated that X only stimulated cell growth at a high concentration.
After supplementation with X, A growth was stimulate, but mitotic activity decline rapidly after a few passages.
These effects were dose-dependent at the from --- to --- M
统计学
The differences of X and cell counts between the control and test groups were statistically significant(cell number: 0.05>P>0.01 at concentrations of --- M in complete medium, at --- M in --- medium, and P<0.01 at concentrations of --- M in --- medium).
The difference between the X treated culture and negative controls were significant at concentrations of 10-6-10-5 M
In the study on /(of the) cAMP-deleted medium, the number of cell sincubated with X at all concentrations showed no significant difference compared with the negative controls.
This method provides a valuable source of large numbers of Cs, which can be used to study their biological behavior, to compare with the A; and to compare them to their malignant counter parts in the exploration of the pathogenesis of A.
英语写作中常用的十个句型
英语写作中常用的十个句型 1.表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this. 2）The reasons for this are as follows. 3）The reason for this is obvious. 4）The reason for this is not far to seek. 5）The reason for this is that... 例如:There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life. 2.表示好处 1）It has the following advantages. 2）It does us a lot of good. 3）It benefits us quite a lot. 4）It is beneficial to us. 5）It is of great benefit to us. 例如：Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons. Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us. 3.表示坏处 1）It has more disadvantages than advantages. 2）It does us much harm. 3）It is harmful to us. 例如：However，everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television. 4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）for sb.to do sth. 2）We think it necessary to do sth.3）It plays an important role in our life. 例如：Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business. So，computers will be found in every home，too. We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age. 5.表示措施 1）We should take some effective measures. 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties. 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth. 4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with. 例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious. Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it. 以下是专四专八写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式，每组句式的功能相同或相似， 考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1－2个，做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。 6.表示变化 1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years. 2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications. 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education. The major reasons for 例如：Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years. these changes are not far to seek. Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins. 1
写作常用句式
14) Have you noticed what this is doing to somebody? 15) It strikes me as (silly).。 16) The point is to do something. 17) It isn’t unusual for somebody to do something 18) It was obvious that … 19) It is a misfortune, for most of us, that … 20) It is more important to do something than to do somethi ng. 21) Doing something is largely a matter of doing something. 22) What is the value of doing something? 23) There is certainly nothing wrong in this if we … but … 24) There is some element of truth in these arguments, but t hey ignore a basic fact that … 25) Today it is not unusual for somebody to do something. 26) One aspect of something seldom challenged is … 27) But the truth is that … 28) Now, it is important to underline the fact that… 29) These days we often hear about …. They argue that …. But close analysis doesn’t support theargument. 30) We are often told these days that …. But is this really the case? 31) In response to the question of …, some people say …. Bu t do they realize …? 32) Now the majority of people feel that …. But although … t here is no evidence that … 33) Although it is widely accepted that …, it is unlikely to be t rue that … 34) Most of us have been under the illusion that there is no s uch thing as the … 35) Closer analysis, however, indicates that the claim may no t be supported by the evidence … 36) At first glance, it may seem a sound idea, but on second examination, it may not. 37) People tend to cling persistently to the old opinion that …. Yet … 38) Some people claim that … but more often than not, the r everse seems to be true. 39) To claim that … is to miss the point. 40) The main trouble with this view is that it is ignorant of th e basic fact …你是否注意到这正在对某人产生的影响？ 在我看来很愚蠢 关键是做某事。 某人做某事并不是不同寻常。 很显然… 对我们大多数人来说，这是我们的不幸。 做某事比做某事更重要。 做某事很大程度上是做某事。 做某事的价值是什么呢？ 如果我们…在这一点上肯定没有什么错。但是… 在这些论点中有一些真理，但他们忽视了一个基本的事实，即… 今天某人做某事不是不同寻常。 某事的一方面很少有人质疑，这就是… 然而事实是… 现在，很重要的是强调这样一个事实，既… 这些天来我们常听到…。他们辩解道…。但仔细分析不支持这一论点。 最近我们常被告知说…。但这真的是事实吗？ 针对…这一问题的反应，一些人说…，但是他们是否意识到…？ 目前大多数人觉得…。但虽然…，没有证据显示…虽然…已被人们普遍接受，但…不太可能是真的。 我们大多数人都有这样的幻想，即…没有像…的事情。 然而，进一步的分析表明，这一主张不可能得到证据来支持。 乍一看，似乎是不错的主意，但再一仔细考察，就不是那么回事了。 人们倾向于抱着…的旧观念不放，然而… 有些人声称…，但经常是，这一观点的反面是正确的。 主张…就是没有抓住要点。 这一观点的主要问题是它忽视了基本的事实，
写作常用句型 例句版
写作常用句型 1. Bear sth in mind 牢记在心 The government must bear it in mind that the protection of the environment should be the priority. We should bear in mind that it is unwise to develop the economy at the expense of our environment. 2. Go a long way 有效 Since praise, encouragement, and appreciation go a long way—even just saying “thank you” leaves a lasting impression. 3. Give sb the credit for…把…归功于某人 It’s generally recognized that Edward Jenner should be given the credit for defeating the disease of smallpox. 4. Enable sb to do/make it possible for sb to do 使人能做某事 A developed economy enables people to lead a quality life. Allowing children to make their own decisions enables them to develop independence. 5. Boost efficiency /productivity 提高效率/生产率 Working in an office can help boost workers' efficiency. 6. Give sb a competitive edge 给某人竞争优势 A sound economy gives a country a competitive edge in the international community. Being different from others gives a person a competitive edge. 7. Expand one’s outlook 开阔视野 When doing a part job, kids have opportunities to expand their outlook, and gain financial independence. 8. Generate opportunities 带来机会 Social activities generate opportunities for good students to accumulate social experience. Social activities generate opportunities for students to achieve well-rounded development. 9. Dedicate/devote A to B 在某事上付出（时间、精力等） The humorous teacher make students more willing to dedicate more time to study. 10.Assume/shoulder the responsibility for …承担责任 It is the government that should assume the responsibility to contain/curb deteriorating air pollution. 11. Be mindful of…对某事很关注 The big companies should be mindful of the environmental needs of the local communities.
写作常用高端句式
写作常用高端句式 1.so forth等等 2.enjoy great prestige 3.due to 4.look forward to 5.owing to 6.first and foremost 7.It’s of +adj. 8.Cope with 9.From my perspective 10.N evertheless 11.S b assert that... 12.T here is no denying that... 13.I n order to 14.T o be frank=frankly 15.T he essence of 16.排比句 17.A dependable favour of 18.A s sb conceives it,...... 19.T ake into account 20.W e can’t accentuate the importance of ...too much
21. Consequently 22. Wherewithal n. 必要的资金（或手段）adv. 用什么conj. 用以（等于wherewith） 23.S o as to 24.B y doing this 25.W hereas 26.O n no account can 27.O n account of 28.A dj.+as +主语+is /are/was/were 29.What’s more 30.H ence 31.I t goes without saying that... 32.S olely can we... 33.G o all out (to do...) 34.K eep with 35.O nce for all 36.L est 37.U ndoubtedly 38.May as well 39.感叹句 40.n o wonder that 41.O n the entire
写作常用高级句式参考答案
高级句式参考答案： 一、记住：并列句也是高级句式合并句子： 1, You must get over your lesson, or you will fail in the exam. 2, Professor Wang not only gave us a lot of advice but helped us to study English. = Professor Wang, who was only too ready to help us with our English, provided us with a great deal of advice. 3, I didn’t sleep well last night, so I felt tired now. 4, I missed the first bus, so I was late for school. 5, Books not only enrich our knowledge but also open our minds. = Not only can books enrich our knowledge but open our minds. 6, The earthquake not only caused 10 deaths but also left over 3000 people homeless. = The earthquake caused 10 deaths, leaving over 3000 people homeless. 7, The pet not only is dirty, but also huts man. = The pet is dirty and what’s worse it hurts man. 8, As far as I am concerned, going after fashion does no harm to us, but we should focus on our study. 翻译句子： 1, I am good at spoken English as well as Chinese. = I speak Chinese well and I also do well in spoken English. 2, The prevention and control of AIDS is a big challenge for China as well as the other countries. =Preventing and controlling AIDS is a great challenge for China or even for the whole world. 3, He failed in several exams, but he never lost heart. = He failed the exams several times, but he never gave up. 4, Put on more clothes, or you will catch a cold. = Putting on more clothes can prevent you from being infected with a cold. 5, At last he passed the exam and he became more confident. =After he finally passed the exam, he became more confident. 6, I was walking in the street when I found an old grandma fall down at the crossing. 7, Our visit will last one and a half hours and we will meet at the gate of the museum at about 11 o’clock. 8, At first, he was neither hardworking nor interested in his study. = At first, he was lazy and what’s worse, he showed no interest in his study at all. 二、记住：名词性从句也是高级句式翻译句子： 1, Whoever breaks the law should be punished. = Whoever you are, if you break the law, you must be punished. 2, It is true that air pollution has a great effect on the climate. 3, It is obvious that we students should be well-prepared for our own future. 4, It is universally recognized that everyday exercise is good for our health. 5, It is known to us that China is a beautiful country with a long history of over 5000 years. 6, What I want to know here is whether you can offer me some advice on how to communicate with others. 7, I asked my father in surprise, “ Why didn’t you carry out you promise that you would buy some presents for the children of Welfare Home?”
作文常用高级句型
良好的开端等于成功的一半．在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。 １．议论文： A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages． B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient. C. When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,... D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside. E. As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life. F. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view. 2. 书信： A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar. B. I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job... C. Thank you for your letter of May 5. D. How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9. E. How nice to hear from you again. 3. 口头通知或介绍情况： A. Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please. I have an announcement to make. B. Attention, please. I have something important to tell you. C. Mr. Green, Welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you. 4. 演讲稿： A. Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- A Balance Diet and Health. B. Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest. 并列用语： as well as, not only…but (also), including, A. Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life. B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture. C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French. D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.
写作常用短语和句型
A 1. have the ability to do ... I think I have the ability to do the job well. I think I am qualified for the job. I think I am equal to the job. I think I am fit for the job. 2. be absorbed in ... / be buried in ... / be devoted to .../ be occupied in / with ... With the college examination approaching, most of the students are absorbed in their studies all day long. 3. have access to sth / doing sth All the children in remote areas can have access to better education. 4. accompany sb to sp Many parents accompany their children to school in case that / for fear that ... 5. accomplish sth We are all proud of what our motherland has accomplished in the past years. 6. be accustomed to sth / doing sth 7. achieve one’s goal Everyone can achieve his goal if he sets his mind on it. Our goal can be achieved if we set our mind on it. 8. acquire rich / abundant / advanced knowledge In order to keep pace with the competitive society, we must try our best to acquire advanced knowledge. 9. take action In order to do sth, sb should take action to do ... 10. take effective measures / steps to do ... The government should take effective measures to reduce pollution. 11. take an active part in ... We students should take an active part in after-school activities. 12. adapt (oneself) to ... Your generous help made me adapt to the new environment as quickly as possible. 13. be addicted to computer games / playing games To my disappointment / sadness, many students are addicted to computer games. 14. in addition / what’s more / besides / moreover
写作中常用的表达方式和句型
1.阐述观点、看法或进行说明、论证时的常用表述和句型 (1)就我所知：as far as I know, to my knowledge (2)在我看来：from my point of view, in my view/opinion/personal judgment (3)关于，就……而言：in reference to, with regard to , in respect to/of, as to, as/so far as…is concerned (4)一般说来：generally speaking (5)概括地说：in general terms (6)严格地说：strictly speaking (7)更准确地说：precisely speaking, more specifically speaking (8)可以肯定地说：It is safe to say that… (4)事实上：in fact, in effect, as a matter of fact (5)以……为例：take…for example (6)特别是：particularly, in particular, especially (7)再者，更重要的是：what’s more, more than that, the most important (8)此外：moreover, furthermore, in addition, in addition to that, besides (9)即，也就是说：that is, that is to say, or , namely (10)换言之：in other words, or , that is (11)正如前面所讨论的那样：as is previously discussed (12)正如前面所提到的那样：as we have mentioned above
四级作文常用句型模板及套句大全
四级作文常用句型模板及套句大全 一．综合运用篇 Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that.... 随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。 As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes. 然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。（Hold different attitudes 持不同的看；Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法） As society develops, people are attaching much importance to.... 随着社会的发展，人们开始关注............ People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting 求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。 As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it. 关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。 In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma. 在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。 Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that.... 最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。 The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention. 人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。 ...... plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, “is it a blessing or a curse?” _______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是："我们该如何抉择？" Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges. 现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。
英语六级写作常用句型
关于利弊、优缺点的句型： 1. S+have (or has) a lot of advantages over…(与…相比有许多优点) Compared with B, A has (or have) many advantages。 例：She has the advantage of good English。 2. be of great benefit to sb./sth. (对…有益) 译：你的计算机知识对你将来的工作十分有利。 3. …benefit sb./sth. (对…有好处) 译：这家新医院对整个社区有利。 Benefit from sth. (由于…而受益) 译：我们将从技术发明中受益。 4. …do (a lot of) good to sb. (对…有许多好处) 译：早晨锻炼对你很有好处。 …be good for sb./sth. (对…有益) 译：蔬菜和水果有利人的健康。 …do damage to sth. (对…造成损坏) 译：这次地震对城市建筑损坏严重。 5. …be as (not so) good as…, What he does is not so good as what he says。 6. …not so much…as…(与其说…,不如说…。) 译：人口的迅速增长与其说是由于出生率年升还不如说是由于死亡率的下降。 7. It benefits us in many ways/respects。 8. Doing sth. is beneficial to… 1. While…has so many advantages, we should not ignore the problems it brings us。 2. Just as a coin has two sides, everything has its advantages and disadvantages。 说明原因的句型： 1. There are good reasons
高考议论文写作常用句式参考
高考议论文写作常用句式参考 议论文也是一种作文体裁，下面是高考作文中常用的三十种议论句式希望能帮你拿高分，一起来看看吧。 1.不求……但求……:不求轰动效应,但求经世致用;不求辉煌卓越,但求从容淡定;不 求如日中天,但求月白风清。 2.不是……而是……:不是大地归属心灵,而是心灵归属大地。因为我们都是地之子， 厚德载物的大地是我们茁壮成长和诗意栖居的家园，是我们精神和情感的港湾。不是人使 真理伟大，而是真理使人伟大。罗曼??罗兰 3.……也……:亲情的生长，源自生活的环境，也渴望制度的保障。 4.……是……是……:尊严是生命的天赋内涵，尊严是人格力量的彰显，尊严是人生 价值的标杆. 淡定是一种心态，淡定是一种力量，淡定是一种胸怀。 淡定是一种从容的心态，淡定是一种内在的力量，淡定是一种博大的胸怀。 淡定是一种从容不迫的心态，淡定是一种以柔克刚的力量，淡定是一种博大宽容的胸怀。 5.需要……更需要……:改革需要理念设计，更需要信心和行动;改革需要智慧和能力，更需要勇气和良知;改革需要激情和超越，更需要理性和务实。 人生需要理想和憧憬，更需要脚踏实地的行动;人生需要灿烂和辉煌，更需要平淡和 从容;人生需要激情和个性，更需要理性和宽容。 6.需要……不需要……:我们需要自尊，不需要廉价的怜悯;我们需要理性，不需要盲 目的激情;我们需要信念，不需要混沌和懵懂。 7.要看到……更要看到……:要看到民生是国计的起点和终点，民富是国强的保障和 支撑。但更要看到，民生深处是民权，没有民权就没有民生。 8.没有……就没有……:没有姹紫嫣红的花朵，就没有美丽婀娜的春天;没有高远不俗 的理想，就没有五彩斑斓的翅膀;没有明亮清澈的眼睛，就没有美丽无边的风景;没有坚定 执着的信念，就没有诗意氤氲的人生。 9.没有……哪有……:没有天哪有地，没有地哪有家，没有家哪有你,没有你哪有我? 10.需要有一种……叫……:面对生活，我们需要一种姿态，这种姿态叫拥抱。拥抱灿 烂拥抱辉煌，也拥抱悲伤和沧桑;拥抱鲜花拥抱掌声，也拥抱误解和争鸣。有一种力量叫 从容，有一种脚步叫匆匆，有一种幸福叫淡定，有一种眷恋叫深情。
写作常用句型
一.开头句型 1.As far as ...is concerned就…而言 例句：As far as I am concerned，I don“t want to be a doctor.就我而言，我并不喜欢当医生。 2. It goes without saying that...不用说， 例句：It goes without saying that education is important.不用说，教育是严重的。 It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.不用说早睡早起是值得的。 3. It can be said with certainty that...可以肯定地说，毫无疑问， 例句：It can be said with certainty that English is pretty important nowadays. 可以肯定地说，英语在当今社会里相当严重。 4.As the proverb says，俗话说，常言道 例句：As the proverb says, no pains, no gains.正如谚语所说：不劳无获。 As the proverb says: End is well, all is well.就像是一句谚语所言：结果，好一切都好。 As the English proverb says , “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy , wealthyand wise . “正如英语谚语所说的“早睡早起使人康健、富有和明智。” 5. It has to be noticed that...必须注意到……；需要注意的是 例句：However, it has to be noticed that understanding is very important. 然而，必须注意的就是理解，理解是非常严重的。 6. It“s generally recognized that...这是公认的……