基于灰关联分析的全断面岩石掘进机滚刀布局优化方法

机 械 工 程 学 报 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 第50卷第21期

2014年11月 Vol.50 No.21 Nov. 2014

DOI ：10.3901/JME.2014.21.045

基于灰关联分析的全断面岩石掘进机滚刀

布局优化方法*

耿 麒 魏正英 杜 军 卢秉恒

(西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室 西安 710049)

摘要：滚刀的布局需要符合滚刀在刀盘面上分布均匀、分散、对称的布置位置要求，刀盘分块合理、刮碴铲斗排碴顺畅的结构设计要求，以及刀盘变形和应力小、刀盘整体受力平衡的力学性能要求。针对现有的典型滚刀布局模式难以同时满足这些要求的问题，提出一种基于灰关联分析的全断面岩石掘进机滚刀布局优化方法。通过对初始布局方案中的滚刀合理分组，并对组内滚刀极角施加微幅波动，建立初始布局方案集；引入不干涉条件对初始布局方案集进行初选，并以刀盘径向不平衡力、刀盘倾覆力矩、滚刀群质心偏斜量为评价指标对其进行灰关联分析计算，从而得到最优布局方案。引入采用螺旋线型滚刀布局模式的整体式刀盘和采用随机型滚刀布局模式的分体式刀盘，分别对其滚刀布局进行优化，整体式刀盘的各评价指标分别减小48%、99%、57%，分体式刀盘的各评价指标分别减小22%、59%、55%，表明了该方法的通用性和有效性。对优化前后的刀盘进行受力对比分析，发现刀盘的变形和应力未发生明显变化，表明该优化不会对刀盘刚度和应力分布产生不良影响。 关键词：全断面岩石掘进机；滚刀布局优化；灰关联分析

中图分类号：TU94；TP391

Cutters’ Layout Optimization Method of the Full-face Rock Tunnel Boring Machine Based on Grey Relational Analysis

GENG Qi WEI Zhengying DU Jun LU Bingheng

(State key Laboratory of Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049)

Abstract ：The cutters’ layout should meet the requirements that the cutters should distribute uniformly, desperately and symmetrically, that the cutterhead should be splitted properly and the muck buckets can discharge rock muck smoothly, and that the cutterhead’s deformation and stress should be as small as possible under the overall force balance status. In order to overcome the drawback that the typical layout pattern usually cannot meet all the requirements above, a cutter layout optimization method based on the grey relational analysis is proposed. The original layout schemes are established by grouping the cutters and exerting micro-adjustments for the cutters’ polar angles. The original layout schemes are selected by the non-interference rule, and then calculated in the grey relational analysis method with the evaluation indexes of the cutterhead’s eccentric force, the cutterhead’s overturning moment and the eccentricity of the cutters’ centroid, to get the optimal layout. An integral cutterhead with the cutters’ multi-spiral layout pattern, and an assembled cutterhead with the cutters’ stochastic layout pattern are introduced to be optimized. The evaluation indexes of the integral cutterhead reduce by 48%, 99%, 57% and those of the assembled cutterhead reduce by 22%, 59%, 55%, which proves the feasible and effectiveness of the optimization method. Comparing the cutterhead’s stress analysis results before and after optimization, no significant changes of the deformation and stress distribution are found, which illustrates that no harm is done to the stiffness of the cutterhead after the cutters’ layout optimization.

Key words ：full-face rock tunnel boring machine ；cutter layout optimization ；grey relational analysis

0 前言

全断面岩石掘进机(Tunnel boring machine,

TBM)是一种用于隧道全断面开挖的大型专用工程

* 国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(973计划，2013CB035402)。

20131109收到初稿，20140530收到修改稿 机械，被广泛应用于矿山、铁路、地铁隧道工程。滚刀在刀盘上的布局技术是掘进机设计的核心技 术[1]，合理的滚刀布局又关系到滚刀切削性能和寿命、刀盘主轴承寿命、掘进机的振动和噪声等[2]。滚刀的布局技术要求包括：滚刀布置位置要求、刀盘结构设计要求及刀盘力学性能要求[3]，其中滚刀布置位置要求指滚刀在刀盘面上布置均匀、分散、