中南大学冶金学院科技英语课后重点翻译

几乎各方面的专业工作中，会发现扎实的数学根底有决定性的优势，并且越来越会成为工作上的一种要求。

A professional working in almost any field will find a substantial background in mathematics a decided advantage,and,more and more,frequently,a requirement.

作为语言，数学有一套符号，根据一定的句法规律组合起来形成语句。

As a language,mathematics has a set of symbols that can be combined according to certain rules of syntax to form sentences.

在人类不断努力去了解自然，去掌握和表达它的规律的时候，导致人类思想构成了一座符号与运算的大厦，因而形成了数学。

In its continuous effort to understand nature,to grasp and to express its laws,the human mind has been led to construct an edifice of symbols and operations which constitutes mathematics.

管理者最重要的任务就是为他所领导的人创造出适于最佳发挥的工作环境。

The most important goal of a manager is to create a situation in which all his subordinate people can contribute most to the common objective.

管理者已经被看成是属于众多职业联盟的一个职业阶层，这些职业联盟适应了管理者们的需要，并提高他们的职业地位。Managers have come to be regarded as a class of professionals belonging to the many occupational and professional associations that cater to the needs of managers and promote their professional status.

管理者的任务就是确保和利用投入到企业中的资源，通过计划组织领导控制等管理职能，在充分考虑各种外部因素的条件下，将其转化为生产的成果。It's the task of managers to secure and utilize inputs to the enterprise,transforming them through the managerial functions of planning,organizing,leading,and controlling with due consideration of external variables to produce outputs.

尽管管理工作的具体实际各不相同，但所有管理者的工作职能和在企业中发挥的作用是一致的。While management practices differ from situation to situation,the managers'responsibility and their functions are the same.

管理者对于他的部下是否有一个良好的工作环境负有主要责任。因此，他的工作成绩不在于他做了什么，而在于他的部下做了什么。Since a manager is responsible for creating a good situation for his subordinates,his achievement is measured not by what he does,but by his subordinates do.

在多数工业发达国家,在努力控制经济的周期波动方面,利用财政政策者较少,而利用货币政策者则较多

In most advanced industrialized countries,fiscal policy has found less use than monetary policy in efforts to control cyclical fluctuations in the economy.

稳定政策需要决策者认真对待和解决的问题是目标的多重性以及它们之间的矛盾.

The most serious unsolved problem of stabilization policy is the multiplicity of goals that policy makers must consider.

Before World WarⅡ,physical was essentially a European activity,but by the war’s end,the center of physics had moved to the United States.The influx of European physicists,a generation

of outstanding young American physicist,and the heritage of intense cooperation between science and government that grew out of the nation’s efforts to develop radar and the atomic bomb presented the United States with a scientific community of unsurpassed quality.Discoveries by this community since World WarⅡ

我除了具有上述特点外，更具有努力工作的热情和坚强的决心，所以我希望你能接受我作为贵公司研究队伍中一名新队员。Perhaps you will agree that these qualitise---plus enthusiasm,persistence,and the willingness to work hard and long---make me acceptable for the job you offer as a beginner on your research staff.

在纽约大学，我学习的专业是广告和商业。我于今年六月毕业。我的专业导师给予了我非常优秀的评价，并写了推荐信。希望有机会能给你看看，供你参考。I specialized in advertising and merchandising at New York University,from which i graduated in June---and i have unusual letters of recommendation from my instructors in these subjects,i should like the opportunity of showing them to you.

我对于工作有着极强的责任心、主动性和独创性。。因此我认为自己是完全能胜任此工作的。同时，我的接受能力很强i have a strong sense of responsibility,initiative and originality.meanwhile i am a quick learner.i believe i am quite up to this job.

随信附上我的简历和照片，希望你能认真考虑我的申请，并在你方便的情况下，给我最快的答复。Enclosed are my resume and photo.i hope you'll give serious consideration to my application and give me a reply at your earliest convenience.

几乎各方面的专业工作中，会发现扎实的数学根底有决定性的优势，并且越来越会成为工作上的一种要求。

A professional working in almost any field will find a substantial background in mathematics a decided advantage,and,more and more,frequently,a requirement.

作为语言，数学有一套符号，根据一定的句法规律组合起来形成语句。

As a language,mathematics has a set of symbols that can be combined according to certain rules of syntax to form sentences.

在人类不断努力去了解自然，去掌握和表达它的规律的时候，导致人类思想构成了一座符号与运算的大厦，因而形成了数学。

In its continuous effort to understand nature,to grasp and to express its laws,the human mind has been led to construct an edifice of symbols and operations which constitutes mathematics.

管理者最重要的任务就是为他所领导的人创造出适于最佳发挥的工作环境。

The most important goal of a manager is to create a situation in which all his subordinate people can contribute most to the common objective.

管理者已经被看成是属于众多职业联盟的一个职业阶层，这些职业联盟适应了管理者们的需要，并提高他们的职业地位。Managers have come to be regarded as a class of professionals belonging to the many occupational and professional associations that cater to the needs of managers and promote their professional status.

管理者的任务就是确保和利用投入到企业中的资源，通过计划组织领导控制等管理职能，在充分考虑各种外部因素的条件下，将其转化为生产的成果。It's the task of managers to secure

and utilize inputs to the enterprise,transforming them through the managerial functions of planning,organizing,leading,and controlling with due consideration of external variables to produce outputs.

尽管管理工作的具体实际各不相同，但所有管理者的工作职能和在企业中发挥的作用是一致的。While management practices differ from situation to situation,the managers'responsibility and their functions are the same.

管理者对于他的部下是否有一个良好的工作环境负有主要责任。因此，他的工作成绩不在于他做了什么，而在于他的部下做了什么。Since a manager is responsible for creating a good situation for his subordinates,his achievement is measured not by what he does,but by his subordinates do.

在多数工业发达国家,在努力控制经济的周期波动方面,利用财政政策者较少,而利用货币政策者则较多

In most advanced industrialized countries,fiscal policy has found less use than monetary policy in efforts to control cyclical fluctuations in the economy.

稳定政策需要决策者认真对待和解决的问题是目标的多重性以及它们之间的矛盾.

The most serious unsolved problem of stabilization policy is the multiplicity of goals that policy makers must consider.

Before World WarⅡ,physical was essentially a European activity,but by the war’s end,the center of physics had moved to the United States.The influx of European physicists,a generation of outstanding young American physicist,and the heritage of intense cooperation between science and government that grew out of the nation’s efforts to develop radar and the atomic bomb presented the United States with a scientific community of unsurpassed quality.Discoveries by this community since World WarⅡ

我除了具有上述特点外，更具有努力工作的热情和坚强的决心，所以我希望你能接受我作为贵公司研究队伍中一名新队员。Perhaps you will agree that these qualitise---plus enthusiasm,persistence,and the willingness to work hard and long---make me acceptable for the job you offer as a beginner on your research staff.

在纽约大学，我学习的专业是广告和商业。我于今年六月毕业。我的专业导师给予了我非常优秀的评价，并写了推荐信。希望有机会能给你看看，供你参考。I specialized in advertising and merchandising at New York University,from which i graduated in June---and i have unusual letters of recommendation from my instructors in these subjects,i should like the opportunity of showing them to you.

我对于工作有着极强的责任心、主动性和独创性。。因此我认为自己是完全能胜任此工作的。同时，我的接受能力很强i have a strong sense of responsibility,initiative and originality.meanwhile i am a quick learner.i believe i am quite up to this job.

随信附上我的简历和照片，希望你能认真考虑我的申请，并在你方便的情况下，给我最快的答复。Enclosed are my resume and photo.i hope you'll give serious consideration to my application and give me a reply at your earliest convenience.

1提取冶金是一门从矿石或精矿中提取金属的科学extractive metallurgy is the science of extracting metals from ores or concentrates.

2在历史文明中，提取冶金一直发挥着重要的作用extractive metallurgy has played an important role in the history of civilization.

3因为大多数金属在自然界中都以化合状态存在，因此初始的冶金学家不得不寻求从矿石中提取金属的方法because most metals occur in the combined state in nature，primitive metallurgists had to discover ways of extracting metals from their ores。

4提取冶金的方法一般有火法冶金，湿法冶金和电冶金三种类型the metals of treatment in extractive metallurgy generally include pyrometallurgy,hydrometallurgy and electrometallurgy. 5选矿是通过机械的方法是矿物同脉石分离，以便得到富金属精矿

The ore dressing is a process that separate the mineral from gangue by mechanical means so as to obtain a concentrate of rich metal.

6根据过程进行的温度，提取冶金过程可以分为火法冶金和湿法冶金

According to temperature at which the process is carried out the process of extractive metallurgy may be classified pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy。

7矿石或精矿的稳定性对选择处理方法非常重要

The nature and stability of ore or concentrate is very important to choosing the method of treatment。

8厂址所在地区的条件也是选择冶金方法的决定因素，因为稳定的提供各种原料和服务对冶金过程是必需的。The facilities available in location of a reduction plant may be the deciding factor in the choice of method of treatment,because a steady supply of materials,services is necessary for the processes of metallurgy.

9一般来说，当金属初次从矿石中提取出来时是不纯的。

In general，metals will be impure when they are initially extracted from their ores。

10因此，必须精炼粗金属，以制备纯金属

It will therefore be necessary to refine the crude metal to produce a pure metal.

1湿法冶金是现代提取冶金中的一个新兴起的，并得到高度重视的分支Hydrometallurgy is today one of the established and highly recognized branches of extractive metallurgy

2同火法冶金比较，湿法冶金过程可在较低的温度下进行

Hydrometallurgy process normally operate at lower temperature compared with pyrometallurgical process

3湿法冶金的理论基础是物理化学

The physical chemistry is the theoretical basis of hydrometallurgy

4作为冶金的一个分支，湿法冶金已成功的使用在提取冶金过程的许多领域中

As a branch of metallurgy，hydrometallurgy has become extremely successful in a number of areas of extractive processes

5随着富矿的不断消耗，用来生产金属的矿石的品位正不断降低

The grade of ore used for metals production has been going steadily downward as the richer ores have become exhausted

6因此必须来研究新的方法来处理传统火法工艺不能处理的低品位矿和复杂矿

Therefore,it is necessary to devise new ways to process the lean and complex ore that defy conventional processing.

7湿法冶金的范围很广，它可以从处理矿石到金属精矿、金属废料和冶金过程的中间产品The scope of hydrometallurgy is quite broad and extends beyond the processing ores to the treatment of metal concentrates,metal scrap and intermediate products in metallurgical processes. 8湿法冶金是通过在溶液中发生化学反应从矿石中提取金属

Hydrometallurgy is extraction metals from their ores by means of chemical reactions in aqueous solution

9湿法冶金的优点是适合于处理复杂矿和生产各种冶金副产品

Hydrometallurgy processes have the flexibility for treatment of complex ores and for production of a variety of by product metals.

10和火法冶金相比，湿法冶金减少了二氧化硫对大气的污染

Hydrometallurgy reduces the air pollution by sulfur dioxide compared with pyrometallurgy.

1火法冶金设计的是高温下的化学反应

The pyrometallurgy is concerned with che chemical reactions occurring at high temperatures

2由于金属具有许多良好性能，因此在工业上用得很广

Having good properties，metals are widely used in industry

3火法冶金的一个重要优点是单位设备容积的金属产量高

the pyrometallurgy has an important advantage of high output of metal per unit volume of plant

4利用热量通过木炭使铜矿石还原是从公元前3000年开始的

The use of heat to cause reduction of copper ores by charcoal dates from3000B.C

5随着化学知识的增长和可控加热源的获得，火法冶金技术逐渐被完善

The techniques of pyrometallurgy have been gradually perfected as knowledge of chemistry has grown and as sources of controlled heating have become available

6高温冶金加工过程有几点有点：化学反应速率快，以液态或气态产出金属，从而使金属容易与残渣分离

The advantages of high temperature for metallurgical processing are that chemical reaction rate is rapid and that the production of metal as a liquid or a gas facilitates the physical separation of metal from residue

7火法冶金过程可以分为：把硫化物转变成氧化物的焙烧过程，把金属化合物还原成金属的还原过程和从粗金属除杂质的精炼过程

The processes of pyrometallurgy may be divided into roasting processes which convey sulfides to oxides.reduction processes which reduce metallic compounds to metal and refining processes which remove impurities from crude metal

8氧化铁被还原成金属铁以后，另外的反应发生，少部分铁与碳化和形成碳化物

Iron oxide having been reduced into metal，other reactions occur and a small quantity of iron combines with carbon to form carbide

9在许多火法冶金过程中，炉渣也起保护覆盖剂作用，避免金属被炉气氧化，污染或过热In a good many of pyrometallurgy processes，slags also act as the protective convey preventing metal from oxidizing，contaminating or overheating by the furnace atmosphere

10金子，还有很多次要的银子，被当做贵金属，因为他们可以长时间暴露在空气中而不失光泽，又因为他们可以经过反复熔炼而很少减轻重量

Gold and，to a lesser extent，silver，are regarded as noble metal，because they can be exposed to atmosphere for a long time without tarnishing，and they can be melted repeatedly without much

loss in weight

1电解提取及电解精炼是金属生产的重要方法，三十多种金属曾经或正在以电解法生产Electrowinning and electrorefining are important method of metal production.more than30metals used to be produced or are being produced by electrolysis

2电解法有水溶液电解和熔盐电解两种：水溶液电解用于生产较不活泼金属；较活波金属需用熔盐电解方法生产。

There are two kinds of electrolysis production of metal、aqueous electrolysis and molten saltselectrolysis；the former is used for production of less active metals and the latter is suited to production of active metals。

3水作为水溶液电解的溶剂由价钱低廉，金属化合物溶解度高，溶液常温时导电率搞等优点。The advantage of water as solvent for aqueous electrolysis is cheapness，high solubility of metal compound and high conductivity at ambient temperature

4熔盐电解温度很高，物料较贵，但在某些金属的生产中不得不使用它

Molten salts electrolysis requires high temperature and rather expensive raw mater but it is necessary for production of some metal

5电解法的共同优点是产品纯度高、生产环境好、过程易于控制。

The common advantage of electrolysis is high purity of product、good environment condition and easy control of operation。

6在有机介质中进行电解只有实验室研究，工业上尚未应用

Electrolysis with organic media has been carried out in laboratory study，but it has not been employed in practice

7电流效率是金属电解生产过程的一项重要指标

Current efficiency is an important target in electrolytical production of metals

8金属溶解是电流效率下降的重要原因之一

Metal dissolution is one of important source of current inefficiency

9电解槽要有耐腐蚀、抗高温的内衬。

The cell must be installed with lining with standing high temperature and corrosion。

10用电解法还是熔炼法生产金属铜，主要取决于铜矿石的类型

The use of electrolysis or smelting for production of copper mainly depends on the type of copper ores

1材料科学是研究材料的成分、结构、加工同材料性能之间的互相关系的一门学科

The discipline of materials science involves investigating the relationships that exist between the compositions,structures,processing and properties of materials.

2对材料结构和性能之间相关系的了解，为我们提供了发展新材料的基础

Our understanding of the relationship between the structure and properties of materials provides the basis for our development of new materials

3工程材料通常分为四类：金属、陶瓷、聚合物和复合材料。这些材料的性能主要取决于他们的化学组成和原子结构

Engineering materials have been usually grouped into four classifications：metals，ceramics，polymers and composites。The properties of these materials are based on their chemical make-up and atomic structure。

4在选材时，主要考虑的是材料的成本，因为性能好的材料往往价格昂贵。

In selection of materials，the overriding consideration is cost of materials，because material may be

found that has the ideal set of properties but is prohibitively expensive

5随着对新材料的探索，人们认识到，只有当科学家和工程师充分了解材料的各种特性时，才能有效地使用各种材料

Along with the search for new materials，has come the realization that effective us of materials can be realized only when the scientists and engineers fully understand various characteristics of materials

6近几年来，我国的化学工业取得了长足的进步

In recent years，our chemical industry has made a great progress。

1提取冶金是一门从矿石或精矿中提取金属的科学extractive metallurgy is the science of extracting metals from ores or concentrates.

2在历史文明中，提取冶金一直发挥着重要的作用extractive metallurgy has played an important role in the history of civilization.

3因为大多数金属在自然界中都以化合状态存在，因此初始的冶金学家不得不寻求从矿石中提取金属的方法because most metals occur in the combined state in nature，primitive metallurgists had to discover ways of extracting metals from their ores。

4提取冶金的方法一般有火法冶金，湿法冶金和电冶金三种类型the metals of treatment in extractive metallurgy generally include pyrometallurgy,hydrometallurgy and electrometallurgy. 5选矿是通过机械的方法是矿物同脉石分离，以便得到富金属精矿

The ore dressing is a process that separate the mineral from gangue by mechanical means so as to obtain a concentrate of rich metal.

6根据过程进行的温度，提取冶金过程可以分为火法冶金和湿法冶金

According to temperature at which the process is carried out the process of extractive metallurgy may be classified pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy。

7矿石或精矿的稳定性对选择处理方法非常重要

The nature and stability of ore or concentrate is very important to choosing the method of treatment。

8厂址所在地区的条件也是选择冶金方法的决定因素，因为稳定的提供各种原料和服务对冶金过程是必需的。The facilities available in location of a reduction plant may be the deciding factor in the choice of method of treatment,because a steady supply of materials,services is necessary for the processes of metallurgy.

9一般来说，当金属初次从矿石中提取出来时是不纯的。

In general，metals will be impure when they are initially extracted from their ores。

10因此，必须精炼粗金属，以制备纯金属

It will therefore be necessary to refine the crude metal to produce a pure metal.

1湿法冶金是现代提取冶金中的一个新兴起的，并得到高度重视的分支Hydrometallurgy is today one of the established and highly recognized branches of extractive metallurgy

2同火法冶金比较，湿法冶金过程可在较低的温度下进行

Hydrometallurgy process normally operate at lower temperature compared with pyrometallurgical process

3湿法冶金的理论基础是物理化学

The physical chemistry is the theoretical basis of hydrometallurgy

4作为冶金的一个分支，湿法冶金已成功的使用在提取冶金过程的许多领域中

As a branch of metallurgy，hydrometallurgy has become extremely successful in a number of areas of extractive processes

5随着富矿的不断消耗，用来生产金属的矿石的品位正不断降低

The grade of ore used for metals production has been going steadily downward as the richer ores have become exhausted

6因此必须来研究新的方法来处理传统火法工艺不能处理的低品位矿和复杂矿Therefore,it is necessary to devise new ways to process the lean and complex ore that defy conventional processing.

7湿法冶金的范围很广，它可以从处理矿石到金属精矿、金属废料和冶金过程的中间产品The scope of hydrometallurgy is quite broad and extends beyond the processing ores to the treatment of metal concentrates,metal scrap and intermediate products in metallurgical processes. 8湿法冶金是通过在溶液中发生化学反应从矿石中提取金属

Hydrometallurgy is extraction metals from their ores by means of chemical reactions in aqueous solution

9湿法冶金的优点是适合于处理复杂矿和生产各种冶金副产品

Hydrometallurgy processes have the flexibility for treatment of complex ores and for production of a variety of by product metals.

10和火法冶金相比，湿法冶金减少了二氧化硫对大气的污染

Hydrometallurgy reduces the air pollution by sulfur dioxide compared with pyrometallurgy.

1火法冶金设计的是高温下的化学反应

The pyrometallurgy is concerned with che chemical reactions occurring at high temperatures

2由于金属具有许多良好性能，因此在工业上用得很广

Having good properties，metals are widely used in industry

3火法冶金的一个重要优点是单位设备容积的金属产量高

the pyrometallurgy has an important advantage of high output of metal per unit volume of plant

4利用热量通过木炭使铜矿石还原是从公元前3000年开始的

The use of heat to cause reduction of copper ores by charcoal dates from3000B.C

5随着化学知识的增长和可控加热源的获得，火法冶金技术逐渐被完善

The techniques of pyrometallurgy have been gradually perfected as knowledge of chemistry has grown and as sources of controlled heating have become available

6高温冶金加工过程有几点有点：化学反应速率快，以液态或气态产出金属，从而使金属容易与残渣分离

The advantages of high temperature for metallurgical processing are that chemical reaction rate is rapid and that the production of metal as a liquid or a gas facilitates the physical separation of metal from residue

7火法冶金过程可以分为：把硫化物转变成氧化物的焙烧过程，把金属化合物还原成金属的还原过程和从粗金属除杂质的精炼过程

The processes of pyrometallurgy may be divided into roasting processes which convey sulfides to oxides.reduction processes which reduce metallic compounds to metal and refining processes which remove impurities from crude metal

8氧化铁被还原成金属铁以后，另外的反应发生，少部分铁与碳化和形成碳化物

Iron oxide having been reduced into metal，other reactions occur and a small quantity of iron combines with carbon to form carbide

9在许多火法冶金过程中，炉渣也起保护覆盖剂作用，避免金属被炉气氧化，污染或过热In a good many of pyrometallurgy processes，slags also act as the protective convey preventing metal from oxidizing，contaminating or overheating by the furnace atmosphere

10金子，还有很多次要的银子，被当做贵金属，因为他们可以长时间暴露在空气中而不失光泽，又因为他们可以经过反复熔炼而很少减轻重量

Gold and，to a lesser extent，silver，are regarded as noble metal，because they can be exposed to atmosphere for a long time without tarnishing，and they can be melted repeatedly without much loss in weight

1电解提取及电解精炼是金属生产的重要方法，三十多种金属曾经或正在以电解法生产Electrowinning and electrorefining are important method of metal production.more than30metals used to be produced or are being produced by electrolysis

2电解法有水溶液电解和熔盐电解两种：水溶液电解用于生产较不活泼金属；较活波金属需用熔盐电解方法生产。

There are two kinds of electrolysis production of metal、aqueous electrolysis and molten saltselectrolysis；the former is used for production of less active metals and the latter is suited to production of active metals。

3水作为水溶液电解的溶剂由价钱低廉，金属化合物溶解度高，溶液常温时导电率搞等优点。The advantage of water as solvent for aqueous electrolysis is cheapness，high solubility of metal compound and high conductivity at ambient temperature

4熔盐电解温度很高，物料较贵，但在某些金属的生产中不得不使用它

Molten salts electrolysis requires high temperature and rather expensive raw mater but it is necessary for production of some metal

5电解法的共同优点是产品纯度高、生产环境好、过程易于控制。

The common advantage of electrolysis is high purity of product、good environment condition and easy control of operation。

6在有机介质中进行电解只有实验室研究，工业上尚未应用

Electrolysis with organic media has been carried out in laboratory study，but it has not been employed in practice

7电流效率是金属电解生产过程的一项重要指标

Current efficiency is an important target in electrolytical production of metals

8金属溶解是电流效率下降的重要原因之一

Metal dissolution is one of important source of current inefficiency

9电解槽要有耐腐蚀、抗高温的内衬。

The cell must be installed with lining with standing high temperature and corrosion。

10用电解法还是熔炼法生产金属铜，主要取决于铜矿石的类型

The use of electrolysis or smelting for production of copper mainly depends on the type of copper ores

1材料科学是研究材料的成分、结构、加工同材料性能之间的互相关系的一门学科

The discipline of materials science involves investigating the relationships that exist between the compositions,structures,processing and properties of materials.

2对材料结构和性能之间相关系的了解，为我们提供了发展新材料的基础

Our understanding of the relationship between the structure and properties of materials provides the basis for our development of new materials

3工程材料通常分为四类：金属、陶瓷、聚合物和复合材料。这些材料的性能主要取决于他们的化学组成和原子结构

Engineering materials have been usually grouped into four classifications：metals，ceramics，polymers and composites。The properties of these materials are based on their chemical make-up and atomic structure。

4在选材时，主要考虑的是材料的成本，因为性能好的材料往往价格昂贵。

In selection of materials，the overriding consideration is cost of materials，because material may be found that has the ideal set of properties but is prohibitively expensive

5随着对新材料的探索，人们认识到，只有当科学家和工程师充分了解材料的各种特性时，才能有效地使用各种材料

Along with the search for new materials，has come the realization that effective us of materials can be realized only when the scientists and engineers fully understand various characteristics of materials

6近几年来，我国的化学工业取得了长足的进步

In recent years，our chemical industry has made a great progress。

英语课后翻译答案新

U n i t1 1. 任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 2. 每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester. 3. 遵照医生的建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking. 4. 公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town. 5. 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire. 1. 他们花了多年的时间寻找内心的平静，但是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success. 2. 这种新药的成功研制已经使许多疾病的治疗发生了根本性的变革。

科技英语综合教程课后答案句子翻译整理_刘爱军

行胜于言 Unitl 1. The essence of a game is interde 卩endtncc of player siraiEgics There are two 'distinct types of strategic interdependence: secmeDtiul 卫nd 尊砸1怡moijs. 搏弈的实质是搏弈者采取策略之间的相互依赖性。 这种策略性的相互依赖表现为两个不同的 类别：连续策略之间的相互作用以及联立策略之间的相互作用。 2. When we say that an outcome is mi 匕qailibHiTiiL there is ifd fiction that H each person? privately best choke will 圧a^Tkra collecti￥ely optiniiTr 祗ult ? 当我们把博弈的结果表述为一种均衡的时候, 人最佳策略将会带来共同的最优化结果。 3. Jn some situations of conflict, any systematic action will be discovered and exploited by the rival. Therefore, it is important to keep the rival guessing by onet nioyp 富Typical examples arise in sports ^whether to 『cm 0〕10 pass in 竈 particular witimtion in foodxdL or whether co hit 21 passin* shot CKJ 貂-conn or down th￡ line in kmriis. 在一些冲突中，任何规律性的行为都会被对手发觉并利用。 因而，通过采取混合性策略来迷惑对 手就显的非常重要。我们可以从体育运动中找到一些典型的例子， 比如足球运动中的特定情况下 选择跑 位还是传球，网球比赛中选择击打近网球还是底线球。 4, Brinkmanship "is the tactic of deliberately letting the situation get somewhat out arnanayjust because its being out of hand may be intolerabk to the other party and fonx hi$ 肚comnuxhtion 「 5. When one player knows something that others do not, sometimes he is anxious (o GOJKCH I this infonnation (切亡‘百 h^nd in poke" and at other times he wants to 疣￥出弟 iE credibly fa company I commitmem to quality). In both cases the general principle is that actions speak louder than words, 当博弈的一方掌握其他各方不了解的信息时，他会急于隐瞒这一信息 牌），其他情况下他也可能想把信息令人信服的公布岀来。这两种情况下，一个基本的原则就是 1. The devices can be designed to specifically M and enter tumor cells. Once i 闊俎 they 并不是基于以下的假设：即博弈的每个参与者的个 边缘化策略就是故意使局势变的无法控制的策略, 接 受，从而迫使对手作岀妥协。 正是由于局势的无法收拾可能令其他对手难以 （例如纸牌游戏中抽到的

大学科技英语短语翻译

Unit 1 1. sedimentary rocks沉积岩 2. petroleum reserves石油储备 3. internal combustion engines内燃机 4. the boiling point 沸点 5. fatty substance脂肪物质 6. in minor quantities少量 7. petroleum fractions石油馏分8. inflammable vapors易燃蒸汽 9. geologic formations地质结构10. in the territory of在……领土 11. chemical change 化学变化12. petroleum seepage 油苗 13. petroleum stores 油藏14. petroleum reserves 石油储量 15.medieval times 中世纪16.Industrial Revolution 工业革命 17.fossil fuel 矿物燃料 Unit 2 1. employment market 就业市场 2. video conferencing technology视频会议技术 3. job interview 求职面试 4. nine out of ten十有八九 5. aptitude test能力测试 6. recruitment method招聘方法 7. face-to-face encounter面对面接触8.personality questionnaires个性问卷调查 9. psychological test 心理测试10. customer complains 顾客投诉 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/fb15573006.html,e third from botton 倒数第三12 curriculum vitae 简历 Unit 3 1. multiple users 多用户 2. virtual assistant虚拟助手 3. human-machine interface 人机界面 4. speech synthesizer语音合成器 5. real time实时 6. information retrieval信息检索 7. air flight schedule飞机飞行时刻表8. weather forecast天气预报 9. speech recognition 语音识别10. stock quotes股市行情；股票报价 11. Mandarin Chinese普通话，官话12.data dumping 数据转储 Unit 4 1. genetic engineering基因工程 2. organic solvents有机溶剂 3. raw material原材料 4. sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫 5. landfill deposit垃圾填埋 6. garage sale旧物销售 7. information age信息时代8. lead compound铅化合物 9. municipal solid waste 固体生活垃圾10. eco-industrial park生态工业园 Unit 6 1. quantum mechanics量子力学 2. general theory of relativity 广义相对论 3. physical laws 自然法则 4. square of the distance 距离的平方 5. in principle原则上，基本上 6. in isolation孤立地 7. in one go一口气，一下子，一举8. Newton’s theory of gravity牛顿的引力理论9.partial theories 局部理论10.gravitational force 引力 11.the initial state of the universe宇宙初始状态12.the theory of relativity 相对论 13.be（intersely）proportional to 与...成反比 Unit 7 1.quick fixes权宜之计 2. go by the book 照章办事 3. close to the vest谨慎小心 4.corporate culture企业文化 5. Old Boy network老同学人脉网 6. to the point切题的（地），切中的（地） 7. social status社会地位 8. sense of humor幽默感 9. put on an impressive appearance装腔作势10.pull rank on利用职权强迫命令；仗势欺人11.be superior to 优于... 12.lip service 口头上应付的话 13.sense of humor幽默感14.make sense 有道理，有意义 15.memo 备忘录

《科技英语》课后习题答案

Main Content :UNIT 1 MA THEMA TICS I.Text Organization Parts Part One Paragraphs Paras. 1-3 Main Ideas Game theory can be defined as the science of strategy which studies both pure conflicts (zero-sum games) and conflicts in cooperative forms. Part Two Paras. 4-11 There are two distinct types interdependence: sequential-move simultaneous-move game.of strategic game and Part Three Paras.The typical examples of game theory are given as the 12-19basic principles such as prisoners’dilemma, mixing moves, strategic moves, bargaining, concealing and revealing information. Part Four Para. 20 The research of game theory has succeeded in illustrating strategies in situations of conflict and cooperation and it will focus on the design of successful strategy in future.

科技英语综合教程课后谜底及课文翻译[资料]

科技英语综合教程课后谜底及课文翻译[资料] 科技英语综合教程课后答案及课文翻译 科技英语综合教程课后答案及课文翻译 Unit 1 Translation Practice II. Words and Phrases Translation A. Translate the following expressions intoChinese: 1. mutual gain game and mutual harm game 互赢博弈和互败博弈 2. sequential-move game 连续策略博弈 3. simultaneous-move game 联立策略博弈 4. linear reasoning 直线推理 5. circular reasoning 循环推理 6. Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡 7. dominant strategy 支配性策略 8. optimal result 最优化结果 9. breakdown of cooperation 合作分裂 10. strategy of brinkmanship 边缘化策略 B. Translate the following expressions intoEnglish: 1. 完全博弈 pure conflict 2. 竞争与合作 competition and cooperation 3. 策略性相互作用 strategic interdependence 4. 囚徒困境prisoners’ dilemma 5. 长远性损失 long-run loss 6. 针锋相对策略 tit-for-tat strategy 7. 混合性策略mixing one’s moves 8. (网球)斜线球或底线球 hita passing shot cross-court or down the line 9. 垄断性市场 monopoly market

科技英语翻译的原则_方法及技巧.

翻译是把一种语言里已经表达出来的事物用另一种语言准确流畅地进行重新表达的过程。与其他题材的文章相比,科技专业文章在内容、表达形式和风格上有很大的差别,具有科技性强、专业性强、逻辑严密、表达要求简练的特点,在翻译上力求准确全面、严谨明确和通顺简练。 1科技英语翻译遵循的基本原则 从科技文章的特点来看,大多具有以下几个特征:述说事理、逻辑性强、结构严密、术语繁多,语言严谨、数据精确。这就要求译文必须概念清楚、条理分明、逻辑正确、数据无误,尤其对定义、定律、公式、图表、结论等更应特别注意。科技英语作为特殊英语的一个分支,在词汇构成、遣词造句等方面都有其自身的特点,其语法结构不十分严密、语言习惯和汉语也有不少差别、词汇量大、词语繁多,因此科技英语翻译起来比较困难。另外,科技文章比较重视叙事逻辑上的连贯及表达上的明晰与畅达; 避免行文晦涩,避免表露个人感情,避免论证上的主观随意性。因此,科技英语翻译力求少用或不用描述性形容词以及具有抒情作用的副词、感叹词及疑问词,而是大量使用科技词汇、专业技术用语,译者应尊重客观事实,不能随意改动数据、回避不易翻译的文字,更不能加进自己的主观想象,进行自由翻译。 我国著名翻译家严复提出的“信、达、雅”三准则一直为不少翻译工作者所接受。 “信”指的是译文要忠实于原文,“达”是指译文的通顺达意,“雅”指的是译文的用词修辞。三准则体现了译文和原文信息等值这一基本要领。 “信、达、雅”的翻译准则对各种英语文体的翻译实践都具有指导意义,是衡量一篇译文好坏的标准,也同样适用于科技文献的翻译。由于科技文章特有的文体特征,与其他类文章相比,其“达”和“雅”的内涵不同,它要求在准确传达信息的基础上,使译文更加简洁明快,流畅通顺。2科技英语翻译的基本方法

英语课后翻译答案

Unit1 1、任何年满18岁得人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote、 2、每学期开学前，这些奖学金得申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester、 3、遵照医生得建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking、 4、公园位于县城得正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town、 5、这所大学提供了我们所需得所有材料与设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire、 1、她们花了多年得时间寻找内心得平静，但就是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success、 2、这种新药得成功研制已经使许多疾病得治疗发生了根本性得变革。(revolutionize) The successful development of the new drug has revolutionized the treatment of many diseases、 3、由于这个国家得经济不景气，这家公司濒于破产。(on the edge of) The company is on the edge of bankruptcy due to the economic depression in the country、 4、大学毕业后她成为了一名护士。她认为护士这一职业可能很有发展前途。(rewarding) He became a nurse after college、He thought nursing could be a very rewarding career、 5、她像往常一样在文件上签了名。(just as) He signed his name on the paper just as he has always done it、 Unit2

科技英语综合教程课后答案句子翻译整理,刘爱军,

科技英语综合教程课后答案句子翻译整理,刘爱军, Unit1 搏弈的实质是搏弈者采取策略之间的相互依赖性。这种策略性的相互依赖表现为两个不同的类别:连续策略之间的相互作用以及联立策略之间的相互作用。 当我们把博弈的结果表述为一种均衡的时候,并不是基于以下的假设:即博弈的每个参不者的个人最佳策略将会带来共同的最优化结果。 在一些冲突中,任何规律性的行为都会被对手发觉并利用。因而,通过采取混合性策略来迷惑对手就显的非常重要。我们可以从体育运劢中找到一些典型的例子,比如足球运劢中的特定情冴下选择跑位还是传球,网球比赛中选择击打近网球还是底线球。 边缘化策略就是故意使局势变的无法控制的策略,正是由于局势的无法收拾可能令其他对手难以接受,从而迫使对手作出妥协。 当博弈的一方掌握其他各方不了解的信息时,他会急于隐瞒这一信息(例如纸牌游戏中抽到的牌),其他情冴下他也可能想把信息令人信服的公布出来。这两种情冴下,一个基本的原则就是行胜于言。

Unit2 这种纳米装置可以设计用来靶向并进入肿瘤细胞。一旦进入,它们就可以携带提高癌症检测的制剂及癌症治疗的药物戒基因等许多有效载荷。 调整颗粒的大小就形成了探针,当光束照射探针时,它就会放射出大量清晰可见的能量,戒者是不同颜色的光。 研究人员接着将靶向药物树枝状聚合物通过静脉注射到移植了人类上皮细胞的小鼠身上。 由于肌肉在这个波长内具有透光性,将纳米管靶向癌细胞并用近红外线激光照射,就能将纳米管变成用高温杀死癌细胞的武器。 正常情冴下,如果一个健康的细胞发生了许多突变而不能继续正常生长,p53基因就会诱发细胞自杀。然而,假如这个基因停止作用,细胞就会持续生长,最终可能变为恶性肿瘤细胞。 Unit3 胚胎干细胞的极强的适应性以及生长能力使它们能够产生大量的治疗细胞去治疗像糖尿病及脊髓损伤一类的疾病。

科技英语翻译复习范围(DOC)

科技英语翻译复习范围(DOC)

1. 科技英语的语言特点具体表现 一、大量使用名词化结构 《当代英语语法》（A Grammar of Contemporary）在论述科技英语时提出，大量使用名词化结构（Nominalization）是科技英语的特点之一。因为科技文体要求行文简洁、表达客观、内容确切、信息量大、强调存在的事实。而非某一行为。 Archimeds first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies. 阿基米德最先发展固体排水的原理。句中of displacement of water by solid bodies 系名词化结构，一方面简化了同位语从句，另一方强调displacement 这一事实。 The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night. 地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。名词化结构the rotation of the earth on its own axis 使复合句简化成简单句，而且使表达的概念更加确切严密。 If you use firebricks round the walls of the

boiler, the heat loss. Can be considerably reduced. 炉壁采用耐火砖可大大降低热耗。 科技英语所表述的是客观规律，因之要尽量避免使用第一、二人称；此外，要使主要的信息置于句首。 Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves. 电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图象。 名词化结构the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves 强调客观事实，而"谓语动词则着重其发射和接受的能力。 二、广泛使用被动语句 根据英国利兹大学John Swales 的统计，科技英语中的谓语至少三分之一是被动态。这是因为科技文章侧重叙事推理，强调客观准确。第一、二人称使用过多，会造成主观臆断的印象。因此尽量使用第三人称叙述，采用被动语态，例如： Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.应当注意机器的工作温度。而很少说：You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine .你们必须注

科技英语翻译课后答案

科技英语翻译课后答案 High quality manuscripts are welcome to download

科技英语翻译翻译的标准 第1节翻译练习1 The power plant is the heart of a ship. The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor. 动力装置是船舶的心脏。 驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。 第1节翻译练习2 Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications. Cramped conditions means that passengers’ legs cannot move around freely. All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space. 半导体装置也称为晶体管，在许多场合替代电子管。 我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。 空间狭窄，旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。 第1节翻译练习3 The removal of minerals from water is called softening. A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts: blade and petiole. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。 双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成：叶片和叶柄。

新视野大学英语课后习题翻译答案

新视野大学英语课后习 题翻译答案 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

新视野大学英语（第二版）读写教程2 1至7单元课后翻译答案总结 IA：她连水都不愿意喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。 She wouldn’t take a drink , much less would she stay for dinner. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。 He thought I was lying to him , whereas I was telling the truth. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎样解释 How do you account for the fact you have been late every day this week 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。 The increase in their profits is due to their new market strategy. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率得提高。 Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.

我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们 只能继续。 We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project , so we have to carry on. IIA: 尽管她是家里的独生女，他父母也从不溺爱她。 Despite the fact that she is the only child in the family , her parents never baby her . 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没有给我打电话作任何解 释。 Mike didn’t come to the party last night , nor did he call me to give an explanation. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但绝不是什么 大作家。 The man sitting next to him did publish some novels , but he is by no means a great writer. 他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。 He is not interested in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.

科技英语课文翻译

Unit 1大规模研究发现：地球的“健康”每况愈下 有史以来对地球进行的最大规模的科学分析结果表明，地球上的许多生态系统都达不到标准。 由联合国主持的《千年生态系统评估综合报告》指出，由于不可持续的使用，地球上将近三分之二的用来维持生命的生态系统（包括干净的水源、纯净的空气以及稳定的气候）正遭受破坏。 以上大部分的破坏都是人类在过去的半个世纪里造成的。据报告分析，随着人类对食物、淡水、木材、纤维以及燃料等资源的需求日趋激增，环境发生了极大的变化，引发了诸如滥伐森林、化学污染等问题。因此，该报告的作者警告说，照此下去，本已岌岌可危的生态环境将会在21世纪的上半叶进一步恶化。 这项历史性的研究由来自世界95个国家的政府部门以及民间组织的1,300多位科学家共同完成。四年来，他们考察了地球上许多生物的生长环境、物种以及将他们联系起来的生态体系。联合国环境规划署对该报告进行了编辑整理并于昨天在中国北京公布了研究结果。 在公布该报告的新闻发布会上，联合国秘书长科菲·安南指出：“只有了解环境及其运作过程，我们才能制定出必要的措施加以保护它。”他还说，“只有珍惜所有宝贵的自然资源和人类资源，我们才有希望去建设一个可持续发展的未来。” 对社会经济的影响 该报告对自然界的大部分生物多样性持悲观态度，地球上可能有10%—30%的哺乳动物，鸟类以及两栖动物濒临灭绝。 这次大规模生态调查是根据安南的《千年发展目标》展开的，该发展目标是由联合国发起的，旨在2015年之前大幅减少饥饿与极度贫困等社会经济问题。 总部位于内罗毕的联合国环境规划署执行主席克劳斯·托普弗说：“从某些方面来说，《千年生态系统评估综合报告》让我们首次认识到生态系统服务功能的经济价值，并使我们对尊重和保护地球生命维护系统有了新的见解。” 目前由于人类社会对地球环境的开发利用，食物供应不断增加，然而增长的速度仍然太慢，难以完成联合国制定的在2015年之前消除全球一半饥饿人口的目标。 报告还说，过度使用生态系统的负面影响还包括渔业的衰退，含有大量沉积物的河口周围近海“死亡区”的出现，水质的变化以及不可预测的区域性气候等。 此外，森林的滥伐和其他生态系统的巨大改变也加剧了诸如疟疾、霍乱等疾病的传播，并使已有传染病分化出新的类别。

科技英语综合教程课后练习答案及参考译文

科技英语综合教程课后练习答案及参考译文

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Unit 1 搏弈论 阿维纳什?迪克斯特&巴里?内尔巴夫 搏弈是有关策略的科学。它试图以数学和逻辑的方法来帮助搏弈者作出决策，在一系列纷繁复杂的搏弈中应采取何种策略来保证自己获得最大利益。搏弈论研究的搏弈的范围包括了从下棋到抚育儿童，从网球竞技到公司转手。但是所有的博弈都具有一个共同的特征：相互作用。也就是说,每一个博弈者的博弈结果取决于所有博弈参与者的策略选择。在零和搏弈中，搏弈者的利益之间是完全冲突的，因此一方的得利必然导致另一方的损失。更多具有代表性的例子还有会导致共同得利(正和)搏弈和共同损失(负和)搏弈，同样的情况还会发生在另外一些冲突中。 搏弈论研究的先驱者是普林斯顿数学家约翰?冯?诺依曼。在早先的一段时间里，研究的重点被放在了完全冲突(零和)搏弈(非合作搏弈)上，其他的搏弈当时被认为是以合作形式出现。也就是说，搏弈要求参与者共同地选择和实施他们的行为.最近的研究则把重点放在了那些既不属于零和搏弈也不属于绝对合作搏弈的情况上，在这些搏弈中，搏弈者自主地选择搏弈行为，但他们之间的相互关系中充满了合作与竞争。 搏弈行为与我们在中性环境中所作的各种决定有着根本性的不同。要说明这一点，我们可以思考一下伐木工人和军队将军所作决定之间的不同。当伐木工人决定要如何砍树时，他不会考虑树木本身会有什么反抗，他所处的环境为中性。而当将军决定要消灭敌军时，他必须提前预料到并消除敌军的反抗。与这一例子中的将军相类似，一个搏弈者必须认识到他与其他机智且怀有争胜之心的竞争者之间的相互作用，他自己所作的决定也必须能够同时应对可能出现的合作或冲突。 搏弈的实质是搏弈者采取策略之间的相互依赖性。这种策略性的相互依赖表现为两个不同的类别：连续策略之间的相互作用以及联立策略之间的相互作用。就前者而言，搏弈者依次采取行动，每个人都会注意其他搏弈者先前的行为。就后者而言，搏弈者同时采取行动，每个人都会忽略其他搏弈者当前的行为。 对连续策略博弈中的某一博弈这来说，一个普遍的原则就是放眼前方，及时反思和总结。每个博弈者应该弄清楚其他博弈者会对他当前的策略行为做出怎样的回应，他自己将如何应对等情况。博弈者要预料到他的最初决定会最终导致何种结果，并且运用对形势的判断来计划好当前的最佳策略。在考虑其他博弈者会如何应对时，博弈者必须能设身处地地换位思考，而不能把自己的主观判断强加与人。 从理论上说，采取固定次序行动的任何连续博弈都可以圆满地完成。我们可以通过预测每个可能的结果来决定各个博弈者的最佳策略。例如象井字棋(tic-tac-toe)这样的简单游戏由于可以以这样的方式完成，因而并不具有挑战性。但诸如象象棋等的其他博弈，即使是借助电脑的帮助，由于其本身的计算过程过于复杂而难以在实践中去实施。因此，博弈者往往会会依据经验提前对形势作出判断并尽可能的评估最终的局面。 与连续策略博弈的线形思维不同的是，采取共发性策略的博弈要求逻辑思维。在忽略其他参与者当前策略的情况下，尽管博弈者们同时采取行动，每一个参与者必须清楚的意识同时还会有其他的参与者在依次关注整个博弈过程。这时的思维模式可描述为：我想他认为我会这样考虑…。因此，博弈者必须从全体博弈者的立场出发并努力判断出最终的博弈结果。每个参与者的个人最佳行为都是全局谋划中不可或缺的一部分。 运用普林斯顿数学家约翰?纳什提出的均衡概念，可以推导出这种逻辑思维的结论。我们寻求一系列的策略组合，每个博弈者都会有自己的选择，当所有的对手们在实施他们决定的最佳策略时，我们所做的选择应该对自己是最有利的。换句话说，每个博弈者都会对其他人的策略作出最优化的应对。 有时, 无论其他博弈者如何行动，博弈的一方的最佳策略组合始终如一，这被称作这一博弈者的优策略。在其他情况下，如果博弈者的策略始终于己不利，则被称作劣策略，其含义是指无论其他博弈者如何行动，对手的策略总是优于自己。因此，谋求策略均衡应该从寻找优策略和消除劣策略开始。 当我们把博弈的结果表述为一种均衡的时候，并不是基于以下的假设：即博弈的每个参与者的个人最佳策略将会带来共同的最优化结果。确实也存在着一些糟糕的例子，比如囚徒困境(见下文)，由于囚徒们都追求个人私利的最大化而导致了全体参与者的困境。纳什的关于均衡的定义还不能完全解决联立策略博弈中逻辑推理思考的问题，有些博弈包含多种此类的均衡，而有些博弈却并不包含这样的均衡。纳什均衡也还没有清楚地说明关于导致均衡的动态过程。尽管有这样的一些缺陷，纳什均衡的定义已被证明在分析策略性互动时具有重要作用。 以下策略性互动的实例可以说明博弈论的一些基本理论框架: 囚徒困境。两个嫌疑犯分别被审问，每个人都可以招供或保持沉默。如果嫌犯A保持沉默，嫌犯B可以通过招供而获得较轻的发落。如果嫌犯A招供，嫌犯B最好选择招供以免被从重处理。这时招供就是嫌犯B的优策略。同样的情况也适用与B。因此，在均衡的

大学英语 课后翻译答案

Unit 1 1.3000多辆汽车因刹车问题昨日被召回（because of；recall） 1. More than 3000 cars were recalled yesterday because of a brake problem. 2.他尽管病得很重，但还是来参加会议了。（despite） 2. He came to the meeting despite his serious illness. 3.要确保同样得错误今后不再发生了。（see it that） 3. See to it that the same mistake won't happen again. 4.现在他们之间的了解多了一些，他们相处得就好些了。（now that） 4. Now that they've got to know more about each other，they get along better. 5.此时我发现自己被五六个男孩子围住了。（find oneself） 5. Then Ifound myself surrounded by five or six boys. 6.在这幸福的时刻，我向你致以最美好的祝愿。（on occasion） 6. I send you my best wishes on this happy occasion. Unit3 1)很多事情导致了我与那家公司断绝关系。(contribute to) A lot of things contributed to the end of my relationship with that company. 2.面对严峻的疾病，她表现出了巨大的勇气。（in the face of） She showed great courage in the face of serious illness. 3.我们得出结论，她讲的是真话。（come to） We came to the conclusion that she was telling the truth. 4他的秘书没有告诉他那次会议的情况。（fail to）

科技英语翻译___课后答案

科技英语翻译 6.1 介词的一般译法 第1节翻译练习1 In general, man serves as the source of infection while animals act as such only occasionally. An industrial robot shares many attributes in common with a numerical control machine tool. 一般来说，人可作为感染源，而动物只是偶然如此。 工业用机器人与数控机床有许多共同的特性。 第1节翻译练习2 With non-changeover control both the boiler plant and the chiller plant operate to provide simultaneous heating and cooling throughout the year. The online service delivers substantially more value to our global audience of e-business professionals in the chemical, plastics and allied industries. This device can mimic photosynthesis to produce usable energy from sunlight. 采用非转换控制，锅炉设备和制冷装置都在运行，全年可同时供暖和制冷。 该网络服务主要向全球从事化学、塑料及相关工业的专业电子商务用户提供更有价值的服务。 这种装置能够模拟光合作用，利用阳光产生可用的能源。 第1节翻译练习3 The longitudinal axis of the turbine generator is perpendicular to the axis of the steam generator. In the right conditions, membranes are self-assembling. Winding of the spring induces residual stresses through bending. 汽轮发电机的纵轴与锅炉轴线垂直。 当条件适宜时，细胞膜会自行聚集。 卷绕弹簧时因为弯曲引起了残余应力。 第1节翻译练习4 If leakage occurs around output shaft, replace seal and packing. So they give off a stronger signal to sensitive radiation detectors mounted over the subject’s head.如输出轴周围漏油，应更换密封件及填料。 因而它向安装在受试者头部上方的灵敏的辐射探测器发出的信号比较强。 第1节翻译练习5 It is customary to use electromagnets rather than permanent magnets for the field. This flat screen technology eliminates curvature on the screen surface. All the charge on a conductor lies on its surface. 通常磁场用的都是电磁铁而不是永久磁铁。 这种纯平面技术可以消除屏幕表面的弯曲。 导体的全部电荷都在其表面。 6.2 介词短语的译法 第2节翻译练习1 For ease of assembly and removal of the wheels, the outer races are press-fitted in the wheel hubs. With the length much greater than its width, the coil is called solenoid. With only about half as many moving parts as a conventional engine, a Wankel is only half the size and weight, and almost completely vibrationless. 为了便于车轮安装和拆卸，把外套圈压入配合到轮毂里。 如果长度远远超过了宽度，这种线圈就称为螺线管。

科技英语课文翻译和课后习题翻译

第一张机器人走进千家万户(1) 比尔﹒盖茨 设想一下:在一个新的产业诞生之际, 你目睹见证了这一切! 这个产业是在前所未有的新技术基础上发展起来的, 其中包括一些实力雄厚企业销售的高度专业化商务设备, 还有越来越多的新兴公司生产的新奇玩具、为玩具藏家青睐的机巧装置, 以及其他一些奇特有趣的特殊产品。但同时, 这还是一个缺乏行业标准和平台的、尚不成规模的产业。项目复杂, 进步缓慢, 实际应用更是少之有少。事实上, 尽管对这个产业的未来充满热情和希望,但是没有人能明确地说出什么时间- 或究竟是否有可能-它能取得关键性的规模发展。但是,若真能实现发展, 那么,它很可能改变整个世界。 当然, 上述描述可算是上世纪70 年代中期计算机产业的写照, 也就在那时, 保罗·艾伦和我成立了微软公司。当时,部分大企业、政府部门和其他一些机构都在使用笨重、昂贵的主计算机进行后台运算。知名大学和大型工业实验室的研究人员正试图建造出最基本的构件, 以使信息化时代的到来成为可能。当时因特尔公司刚刚推出他们的8080 微处理器,安他利公司正在销售一款流行电子游戏Pong 。而在一些自发组成的计算机俱乐部里,热忠于此的人们急切地努力探索这种新技术带来的好处究竟是什么。 但当时我脑海中所萦绕的则是更具前瞻性的问题:机器人产业即将作为一项新兴的产业而崛起,其当时的发展同30 年前计算机的发展如出一辙。想想看, 目前汽车组装线上使用的制造型机器人已替代了昔日的主计算机。这个产业其他的典型产品包括可进行外科手术的机器手, 在伊拉克和阿富汗用于路边及地面排雷的侦察机器人, 以及可以进行地板吸尘的家用机器人。电子产品公司还推出了可模仿人类、或是狗、恐龙等的机器人玩具, 而玩具收藏者们正迫不及待地想要猎取一套乐高公司生产的最新机器人系列玩具。 与此同时, 世界尖端科技人员正试图解决机器人技术中最棘手的难题, 诸如视觉识别、远程操控、以及学习型机器等问题, 而且他们正在不断获得成功。在2004 年美国国防部进步科技项目大挑战赛上(DARPA) ,产生了第一辆能够在美国加利福尼亚西南的莫哈韦沙漠142 英里的崎岖赛道上自主操控行驶的机器人车, 尽管获胜者制造的车