人教版高中英语(必修5)教师用书

Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading —Pre-reading Stephen Hawking, a famous scientist, has spent his life discovering the universe. What is his best-selling book called? Read the following passage and find the answer.

Hawking was diagnosed with some muscle disease 54 years ago while a student at Cambridge University. He recalled how he became depressed. But he continued to be absorbed in his studies. For his work on black holes, Hawking is famous for bringing some rather difficult concepts to the ordinary people through his best-selling books, including A Brief History of Time, which sold more than 10 million copies worldwide.

Hawking has survived longer than most people with this kind of disease. People affected by this kind of disease gradually have more and more trouble breathing and moving as muscles weaken and waste away. There's no way to cure it. Few people live longer than a decade. Hawking receives around-the-clock care, c an only communicate by moving his cheek, and relies on a computer to convey his thoughts.

Despite his disease, Hawking has remained active. In 2007, he floated like an astronaut on an aircraft that creates weightlessness.

Hawking once said he did not think humans would survive another 1,000 years without escaping the earth and therefore he appealed to people to explore space as much as possible. He gave a piece of famous advice to all of us, “Look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Be curious.”

1．

(1)A He together with other two scientists won the Nobel Prize in medicine in 2014 for discovering the “inner GPS” that helps the brain navigate through the world.

(2)F She was a physicist and chemist born in Poland. She discovered radium in 1898 and received two Nobel Prizes, one for physics and the other for chemistry.

(3)B He is a Chinese-American citizen, whose Chinese name is Gao Kun. He won half the prize for his research that led to a breakthrough in fiber optics (纤维光学) and is called “Father of fiber optics”．

(4)D He is an American inventor. He invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities.

(5)E He is a British scientist. He worked in astronomy and put forward a theory about black holes.

2．Look at the pictures and write down what diseases people have faced in the past few years.

(1)Cholera(霍乱)

(2)SARS(传染性非典型肺炎)

(3)Influenza_A(H1N1)(甲型H1N1流感)

(4)The_Ebola_Virus_(埃博拉病毒)

1．Read the text quickly and complete the main idea of it.

The text tells that how John Snow found the (1) cause of the disease and finally “King Cholera” was (2) defeated.

2．Scan the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.

(1)The passage mainly tells us that ________.

A．the cause of cholera was polluted water

B．John Snow was a well-known doctor in London

C．the source of all the water supplies should be examined

D．John Snow did some research and helped to solve “King Cholera”

(2)Which of the following theories did John Snow believe?

A．Cholera multiplied in the air without reason.

B．People spread the disease when speaking to each other.

C．People absorbed the disease into their bodies were affected and died.

D．People were too dirty.

(3)What does the word “this” in the sentence “He had not foreseen this” in the 23rd line refer to?

A．The outbreak of cholera.

B．The cause of the disease.

C．No deaths in some areas.

D．The water pump in Broad Street.

(4)What was the key help for John Snow's discovery?

A．The government.

B．The woman moving away from Broad Street.

C．The water company.

D．The map made by himself.

(5)At last，“King Cholera” was controlle d by ________.

A．using medicines in hospitals

B．driving patients out of the country

C．dealing with the polluted water

D．getting rid of all kinds of pollution

答案：(1)～(5) DCCDC

1．Read the text carefully and then fill in the blanks.

2．Find out the sentences in the text which have similar meanings to the following ones.

(1)So whenever cholera broke out, it would cause quite a few terrified people to lose their lives.

So_many_thousands_of_terrified_people_died_every_time_there_was_an_outbrea k.

(2)He understood that only after he discovered what led to the disease could

he control it.

He_knew_that_cholera_would_never_be_controlled_until_its_cause_was_found.

(3)Two theories interested him that explained how cholera caused so many deaths.

He_became_interested_in_two_theories_that_possibly_explained_how_cholera_k illed_people.

Fill in the blanks according to the text.

John Snow, a well-known doctor in London, became 1.inspired (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people 2.exposed (expose) to cholera, a 3.deadly (die) disease of its day.Many thousands of people died 4.whenever there was an outbreak because no one knew the cause of it.John wanted to help solve the problem.

He got interested in two theories 5.explaining (explain) how cholera killed people.He believed in the second theory 6.that suggested that people 7._absorbed (absorb) the disease with their meals.In 1854, when another outbreak hit London, he was ready to test 8.the two theories.9.With the help of the map he made, he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and was able to announce that the water was 10.to_blame (blame)．“King Cholera” was finally defeated.

Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?

No.The_map_helped_John_Snow_organize_his_ideas.He_was_able_to_identify_tho se_households_that_had_had_many_deaths_and_checked_their_water-drinking_habits .He_identified_those_houses_that_had_had_no_deaths_and_surveyed_their_drinking _habits.The_evidence_clearly_pointed_to_the_polluted_water_being_the_cause.

Section_ⅡWarming Up & Reading — Language Points

(一)根据英文释义和首字母提示写出单词

1．defeat:_to win against sb. in a war, competition, sports, game etc.

2．attend:_to be present at an event

3．cure：to make a person or an animal healthy again after an illness

4．challenge：a new or difficult task that tests sb.'s ability and skill 5．suspect：to have an idea that something is bad but without having definite proof

6．blame：to think or say that sb./sth. is responsible for sth. bad

7．absorb:_to take in liquid, gas, or another substance from the surface or space around sth.

8．link:_to make a connection between two or more things or people

(二)根据词性和汉语提示写出单词，并进行拓展

9．scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家

10．conclude vt. & vi.结束；推断出→conclusion n．结论；结束

11．expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光→exposure n．暴露；曝光

12．pollute vt.污染；弄脏→polluted adj.受污染的→pollution n．污染

13．announce vt.宣布；通告→announcement n．宣告；通知

14．instruct vt.命令；指示→instruction n．说明

1．defeat

[教材原句] JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”

约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”

(1)vt.打败；战胜；使受挫

①The team defeated his opponent and won the champion in the final of the competition.

这个队在比赛的决赛中打败对手，获得冠军。

②The proposal was_defeated_by 16 votes to 6.

因16票反对，6票赞成，该提议未能通过。

(2)n.[C，U]失败

③He always seems cheerful even in defeat.

他总是看起来很高兴，即使输了也这样。

defeat, beat, win

[自填助记]

Yesterday I defeated/beat John at chess. He won only one set, while I won two sets.

昨天我和约翰下棋赢了他。他只赢了一盘，而我赢了两盘。

2．attend vi.& vt.照料；护理(病人)；出席；参加

[教材原句] John Snow was a famous doctor in London —so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.

约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人医生。

①The professor is rich in knowledge, so we all like to attend his lecture.

这位教授知识渊博，因此我们都喜欢听他的演讲。

②Presidents from many countries attended the 2016 G20 Hangzhou Summit.

来自许多国家的元首出席了2016年杭州G20峰会。

③He was badly injured. As a result, he was attended (on) by three nurses.

他伤势严重。因此，有3名护士护理他。

[点津] 作“照顾；护理”讲时，可用attend，也可用attend on/upon；作“出席；参加”讲时，attend多作及物动词。

④Attend_to your study and stop talking.

专心学习，不要讲话。

⑤Excuse me, but I have an important matter to attend to.

对不起，但我有件要事要办。

attend, join, join in, take part in

①I often attend meetings and sometimes I join_in/take_part_in their discussion.

我经常出席会议，有时参与大会的讨论。

②My wish is to join the army after graduation.

我的愿望是毕业后参军。

③Lincoln took_an_active_part_in politics and was strongly against slavery.

林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制度。

3．expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使接触

[教材原句] But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.

但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。

当地人深陷于如此大的灾难中，他们急需帮助。

②Don't expose yourself to the sun for too long. You will get burnt.

别在太阳下晒得太久，你会被晒伤的。

③We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible.

我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。

④A teacher should expose_his_students_to real-life situations.

教师应让他的学生们接触到真实的生活环境。

4．cure n．[C]治愈；疗法vt.治愈；治疗；改掉(坏习惯)

[教材原句] Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.

(人们)既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。

①Doctors are searching for a cure for AIDS.

医生们正在寻找艾滋病的治疗方法。

②There is no way to cure or prevent Ebola, though experimental vaccines are on the way.

尽管实验性的疫苗正在研制中，但市场上还没有治愈或预防埃博拉病毒的方法。

③We must cure the children of bad habits.

我们必须纠正孩子们的坏习惯。

④This medicine will cure you of your headache.

这种药可治好你的头痛。

⑤a cure for ...治愈某种病的疗法

⑥cure_sb._of_sth. 治愈某人的病；

改掉某人的坏习惯

cure, treat

[自填助记]

①The doctor treated her headache with a new medicine, but didn't cure her. ②He was treated for his heart disease for three months, but the doctors said they could cure him of it in one month.

5．challenge n ．[C ，U]挑战vt .向……挑战

[教材原句] John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. 约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。

①To prevent hazes from happening frequently is a great challenge for most cities in China. 对于中国的大部分城市来说，阻止雾霾天气的频繁发生是一项巨大的挑战。

②He accepted_a_challenge to a TV debate.

他接受了电视辩论的挑战。

③When I said I ran faster than her, she challenged me to a race.

当我说我跑得比她快时，她硬逼着要和我赛跑。

④Mr Wang challenged_me_to_(play) another tennis game.

王先生向我挑战再打一场网球比赛。

[点津] challenge 本身已含“向……；对……”的意义，因而不要再加多余的to 。

向某人挑战????? [误]challenge to sb.[正]challenge sb.

6．absorb vt .吸收；吸引；使专心

[教材原句] The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their

人教版高中英语必修五电子课本

按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放 必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly dise ase of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousand s of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted t o face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never b e controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera ki lled people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person die d. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed eviden ce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enqu iry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the d eaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 a nd 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. H e immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle f rom the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed d own. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deat hs that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away f rom Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it deliver ed to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drin king the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with ce rtainty that polluted water carried the virus.

人教版高中英语必修一短语归纳(全)

Unit 1 Friendship 1. 合计_____________________________________; 3. 不得不；必须______________________________; 5. 遛狗_____________________________________; 7. 记下；放下________________________________; 9. 故意_____________________________________; 11. 在黄昏时刻______________________________; 13. 不再…___________________________________; 15. 从…中恢复过来___________________________; 17. 将…装箱打包_____________________________; 19. 相爱；爱上_______________________________; 21. 参加；加入_______________________________; 23. 松开了__________________________________; 25. 付钱；付款；买单__________________________; 27. 对(某人)重要_____________________________; 29. 笑话；取笑（某人）_________________________; 31. 在日记中________________________________; 33. 对…着迷；迷恋____________________________; 35. 深蓝色的天空____________________________; 37. 太多____________________________________; 39. 在楼上__________________________________; 41. 肮脏的窗帘______________________________; 43. 记日记；写日记___________________________; 45. 绑起来__________________________________; 47. 在公路上________________________________; 49. 说…的闲话；______________________________; 51. 与…交朋友_______________________________; 53. 给…一些建议_____________________________; 55. 过去的事件______________________________; 57. 试一试；尝试一下_________________________; 59. settle____________________________________; 2. 使…镇静下来______________________________; 4. 关心；挂念________________________________; 6. 经历；经受________________________________; 8. 一连串的；一系列的_______________________; 10. 为了____________________________________; 12. 面对面地________________________________; 14. 遭受…___________________________________; 16. 对…厌烦_________________________________; 18. 与…相处；进展____________________________; 20. 对（某人）表示感激________________________; 22. 度假____________________________________; 24. 被车撞了________________________________; 26. 考试作弊________________________________; 28. 最深的感受______________________________; 30. 在二战中________________________________; 32. 在藏身之处______________________________; 34. 与自然有关______________________________; 36. 保持醒着________________________________; 38. 碰巧____________________________________; 40. 下楼____________________________________; 42. 积满灰尘的窗子__________________________; 44. 列一个单，列出___________________________; 46. 没注意到________________________________; 48. 与…有麻烦；有矛盾________________________; 50. 与人交流________________________________; 52. 改变这种状况____________________________; 54. 喜欢与不喜欢的事情______________________; 56. 表达你的感受与想法______________________; 58. concern__________________________________; 60. tip______________________________________;

高中英语必修五课文及翻译

高中英语必修五课文及翻 译 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020

-必修 5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom Reading PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup! England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture. The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national

人教版高中英语必修一翻译 打印版

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人教版高中英语必修5课文原文

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 人教版高中英语必修5课文原文 . 必修 5 Uni t 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS KING CHOLERA John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather 1/ 2

人教版高中英语必修五电子课本

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