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厚置备于精简置备转换

VMwareESX/ESXi 精简置备(thin)与厚置备(thick)虚拟机磁盘之间转换[Yerik原创]

VMwareESX/ESXi 虚拟机磁盘thin与thick之间转换

注意:转换前请先关闭虚拟机!!!

一. Thin to Thick转换

Thin to Thick转换比较简单,在图形界面即可操作;

1. 浏览数据存储

点击虚拟机所在的ESX/ESXi主机,在”配置”选项卡下的”存储器”内,浏览数据存储,

2. 进入相应虚拟机目录,选择相应磁盘的vmdk文件,右键”扩充”;

扩充的过程真心的慢!基本上扩了一天==!

二. Thick to Thin转换

Thick转换为Thin模式没有直接的图形操作方式,需要使用SSH登录ESX/ESXi 主机,默认ESX/ESXi主机没有开启SSH服务,需要先打开SSH;

1.开启SSH服务

选择虚拟机所在的ESX/ESXi主机,点击”配置”选项卡,点击”安全配置文件”,点击服务面板的”属性”;

2.使用SSH工具登陆并生成Thin磁盘

用户名:root

密码:使用vSphere Client登录ESX/ESXi的密码

<1> 进入虚拟机所在的datastore目录

# cd /vmfs/volumes/datastore1/

# ls

Data_base_SQL

RHEL-5.5-x64-temp

SQLServer2008

SUSE11

thick2thin

vCenter Server

该datastore目录下可能有很多与虚拟机同名的目录,本次转换的虚拟机为thick2thin,进入该虚拟机目录

# cd thick2thin/

# ls

thick2thin-c27753e1.vswp thick2thin.vmxf

thick2thin-flat.vmdk thick2thin_1-flat.vmdk

thick2thin.nvram thick2thin_1.vmdk

thick2thin.vmdk vmware.log

thick2thin.vmsd vmx-thick2thin-3262600161-1.vswp

thick2thin.vmx

该虚拟机目录下有许多以虚拟机名开头的文件,其中转换过程中需要用到的文件是vmdk磁盘文件,vmdk有两种,一种是”虚拟机名.vmdk”,另一种是”虚拟机名

-flat.vmdk”,vmdk文件很小,存放了虚拟磁盘的一些配置信息(如虚拟磁盘数据文件等),实际数据都存放在flat.vmdk文件中,转换时需要使用vmdk文件而不是flat.vmdk文件;此例中有两个虚拟磁盘,所以vmdk和flat.vmdk文件各有两个;

<2>开始转换

转换思路:

A. 先使用vmkfstools将厚模式的vmdk文件克隆为精简的vmdk磁盘文件,克隆出的精简磁盘文件将包括vmdk和flat.vmdk文件;

B. 将原来的厚模式磁盘文件vmdk和flat.vmdk文件备份或删除(建议使用mv命令将其重命名备份,以免因转换失败而误删数据);

C. 将新生成的vmdk和flat.vmdk磁盘文件分别重命名为与原磁盘同名的磁盘文件

D. 重新从虚拟机清单中删除添加虚拟机

Vmkfstools命令格式

# vmkfstools -i-d

{thin|thick}

参数解释:

-i 参数:原vmdk磁盘名

-d {thin|thick} :目标磁盘的格式,thin或thick; 为要生成的目标vmdk磁盘名;

1) 转换磁盘

# vmkfstools -i thick2thin.vmdk -d thin thin.vmdk

Destination diskformat: VMFS thin-provisioned

Cloning disk'thick2thin.vmdk'...

Clone: 100% done.

克隆完成将生成两个新的vmdk和flat.vmdk文件

# ls

thick2thin-flat.vmdk thick2thin.vmx thin-flat.vmdk

thick2thin.nvram thick2thin.vmxf thin.vmdk

thick2thin.vmdk thick2thin_1-flat.vmdk vmware.log

thick2thin.vmsd thick2thin_1.vmdk

使用mv重命名将原磁盘vmdk和flat.vmdk备份

# mvthick2thin.vmdk thick2thin.vmdk.bak

# mvthick2thin-flat.vmdk thick2thin-flat.vmdk.bak

将新生成的精简vmdk文件重命名为原厚模式的磁盘名称

# mv thin.vmdk thick2thin.vmdk

注意:在vSphere Client中启动虚拟机,做到此步基本已经完成了Thick to Thin 的转换,并且虚拟机已经可以正常启动,但是我们发现flat.vmdk文件并没有更改名字虚拟机也可以正常启动,因为新生成vmdk文件里指定了新的flat.vmdk文件,我们可以通过vi手动更改文件名来修改虚拟机的flat.vmdk名称以便于后期虚机的维护和管理;此时可以启动虚拟机进行测试一下;

更改磁盘名:

首先关闭虚拟机,使用ssh进入主机的虚拟机目录下,使用mv命令将新生成的thin-flat.vmdk文件更改成原来的虚机磁盘名称thick2thin-flat.vmdk

# mvthin-flat.vmdk thick2thin-flat.vmdk

此时如果在vSphere Client启动虚拟机将报”找不到磁盘文件”类似的错误,因为虚拟机启动时需要通过vmdk文件找到flat.vmdk文件,所以需要修改vmdk文件中的磁盘文件名;

使用vi修改其中一行含有flat.vmdk的参数,将该部分修改成新的磁盘文件名

# vi thick2thin.vmdk

# Extentdescription

RW 83886080 VMFS"thick2thin-flat.vmdk" #注意,此处原来为转换成的thin-flat.vmdk

然后将虚拟机从清单中移除

在数据存储里将vmx文件添加到清单

保持默认下一步

按照原来的配置下一步

完成

此时打开虚拟机的”编辑配置”选项

查看刚转换的磁盘,已经变成了精简置备模式

而原来的虚拟磁盘因为没有转换,仍为厚置备模式;

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英语简单句、并列句、复合句及练习一、简单句 1、概述只有一个主语和一个谓语动词的句子称为简单句。 I am a student. 我是一个学生。 She likes English very much. 她非常喜欢英语。 He usually does morning exercises on the playground. 他常常在操场上做早操。 2、简单句的基本句型英语简单句可分为五种基本句型，其它的句子可看成是这几种基本句型的扩展、组合、倒装、省略。这五个基本句式：主谓结构( S + V)；主系表结构(S + V + P )；主谓宾结构( S + V + O )；主谓双宾结构( S + V + IO + DO )；主谓宾补结构( S + V + O + C) 说明：S=主语；V=谓语；P=表语；0=宾语；10=间接宾语；DO=直接宾语；C= 宾语补足语 ( 1)主谓结构( S + V) 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi.)。 He runs quickly ．他跑得快。 They listened carefully ．他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger ．他挨冻受饿。 China belongs to the third world country ．中国属于第三世界国家。 The gas has given out ．煤气用完了。 My ink has run out ．我的钢笔水用完了。 Plants grow well all the year round. 一年四季植物生长良好。 (2)主系表结构( S + V + P ) 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v .),常见的系动词有：look , seem,即pear, sound，feel ，taste ，smell ，grow ，get ，fall ill/asleep ，stand/sit still ，become ，turn 等。 He is older than he looks ．他比看上去要老。 He seems interested in the book 他似乎对这本书感兴趣。

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简单句、并列句与复合句之间的转换审稿：白雪雁责编：张敏句型转换是句子类别的转换，其目的在于检测学生运用各种句型的表达能力，才能在考试的评分中得到较高档次的分数。这就要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，懂得各种句型如何转换，运用准确，这有利于提高英语口语和书面表达能力。简单句与复合句之间的互变很多复合句和简单句可以互变，意思上不发生太大的变化。在很多情况下，是将复合句里的从句变为一个短语。不论是主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句还是状语从句，在一定的情况下都可以这样转换。主语从句有时可以和短语互换，它既可以是不定式短语也可以是动名词短语。 (1) When and where we should hold the meeting is still to be discussed． →When and where to hold the meeting is still to be discussed． (2) It worried her a great deal that her son would stay up so late． →Her son’s staying up so late worried her a great deal． (3) What we had to do was to stand there，trying to catch the offender． →We had to stand there to catch the offender．表语从句有时可以和短语互换，与它互换的可以是不定式短语和动名词短语。 My idea is that we should do it right now． →My idea is to do it fight now．在某些动词的后面宾语从句可以和一个动名词短语或不定式短语互换． (1) I regret that I had told you the secret． →I regret telling you the secret． (3) They don’t know whether they shall carry out the old plan or not． →They don’t know whether to carry out the old plan or not．个别的同位语从句也可以和一个短语互换。 The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging． →The news of our being invited to the conference is very encouraging 有些定语从句可以和一个不定式短语，分词短语或介词短语互换。 (1) Can those who are seated at the back of the classroom hear me? →Can those seated at the back of the classroom hear me? (2) What are the most important measures we should take? →What are the important measures to be taken? (3) The young man who was in the possession of the firm was at a desk． →The young man in the possession of the firm was at a desk．状语从句和短语互换的情形很多，常用分词短语来替代状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件。用不定式短语来替代状语从句，表示目的、结果、原因；另外介词短语可以和表示时间、原因、条件、让步等状语从句互换。

含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句

含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句 1. that引导的宾语从句，且从句主语与主句的主语相同时，宾语从句有时可简化为不定式。如从句的主语与主句的主语不相同时，宾语从句有时可简化为名词/代词宾格+不定式。 I hope that I will go to college one day. I hope to go to college one day. 我希望有一天能上大学。 They agreed that she would help me with my math. They agreed her to help me with my math. 他们同意帮助她我数学。2. that引导的宾语从句，且从句主语与主句的主语相同时，宾语从句有时转化为动名词短语。 I forget that I have turned off the light. I forget turning off the light. 我忘了关灯。 I remember that I have told him the story. I remember telling him the story. 我记得给他讲了这个故事。 2.由疑问代词what或疑问副词how, where, when, why等引导的宾语从句，主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，宾语从句有时可转化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Kate did’t know what she should do. Kate did’t know what to do. 凯特不知道该做什么。 I have forgotten how I can use this word. I have forgotten how to use this word. 我忘了怎么样用这个词。 3. 当主句的谓语动词后接双宾语，从句是特殊疑问句，且主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句有时可转化为“疑问词+不定式”。 Could you tell me how I can get to the park? Could you tell me how to get to the park? Please tell me where I can find him. Please tell me where to find him. 请告诉我在哪里能找到他。 4.某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。 He insisted that he should go with us. → He insisted on going with us. The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. → The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth. 5.宾语从句含有某物正在做某事，有时可转化为“宾语+现在分词”。 I found there was a boy lying on the road yesterday.

简单句和复合句练习题

简单句和复合句练习题 1.（NMET2004）The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 2.（NMET2004）Roses need special care ______ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as 3.(2004辽宁)The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _____are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 4.(NMET2003)A computer can only do ______ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when 5._____this company has done seems to be in agreement with what the government has called for. A. That B. How C. Whether D. What 6.Fortunitely we had a map, without ______we would have got lost. A. which B. it C. that D. what 7.The Great Wall is the last place ______Mr smith is going to visit before he leaves Beijing. A. where B. which C. / D. what 8.I shall never forget those years ______I lived in the country with the farmers, ______ has a great effect on my life. A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; who 9.I don’t like the way ______ you speak to her. A. / B. in that C. which D. of which 10.She spent the whole evening talking about the things and the persons ______ none of us has ever heard of . A. which B. who C. whom D. that 11.I have bought such a watch ________ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it 12.Free film tickets will be sent to ______ are interested in the film. A. whomever B. whoever C. whatever D. whichever 13.The demand ______ the workers ask for higher wages seemed reasonable. A. what B. that C. which D. when 14.We won’t give up _______ we should fail ten times. A. even if B. since C. whether D. until 15.I remember _________ this used to be a quiet village. A. when B. how C. where D. what 16.—Do you remember ______ he came.? ---Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 17.__________ she knows a lot of things. A. A child she is B. As she is a child C. Child as she is D. Child as is she 18.You can go out _______ you promise to be back before 12o’clock. A. so that B. as far as C. as long as D. in case 19.---Do the factory leaders meet every Monday morning? ----Yes, ______ there is nothing important to deal with.

简单句的五种基本句型,并列句和复合句

简单句的五种基本句型，并列句和复合句（一）句子种类两种分类法 1、按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）： He is six years old. She didn’t hear of you before. 2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）： Do they like skating? Where did you go yesterday? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she? 3）祈使句： Be careful, boys. Don’t talk in class 4）感叹句： What an exciting film it was! How clever the boy is! 2、按句子的结构可分三种： 1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。如： He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 2) 并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。如： You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。如： The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. （二）简单句的五种基本句型简单句就是只包含一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语的句子。根据句子基本结构，英语简单句由三种主要动词（连系动词、不及物动词、及物动词）构成。这五个基本句型如下： S十V主谓结构 S十V十P主系表结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构基本句型一： S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，这些动词常见的有：appear, apologize, arrive, come, go, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, take place, rise,等等。例句： The rain stopped. 雨停了。 They are talking. 他们在讲话。 Most students work hard．大部分学生努力学习。 Our dreams have come true. 我们的梦想已经实现了。

简单句和复合句之间的转换 1

复合句和简单句的转换(一) 1. 用“宾语+宾补”来代替“宾语从句”。例句： I found him very happy. 我发现他很快乐。 I found (that) he was very happy. 我发现他很快乐。 2. 用“疑问词+动词不定式”来代替“宾语从句”。例句： I don't know what I will do tomorrow. 我不知道我明天会干什么。 I don't know what to do tomorrow. 我不知道明天千什么。注意：why 是不能和不定式连用的。“疑问词+动词不定式”来代替“宾语从句”这种简化的前提是宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词通常是know, remember, forget ,learn 等。 3. 用“动词不定式”来代替一些结果状语从句或者目的状语从句。例句：He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus. 他必须早起以便他能赶上第一班公交。 He must get up early to catch the first bus. 他必须早起以赶上第一班公交。习题 1. I think ___ necessary to learn English well. A. its B. it C. that D. that is

2. You can’t have the horse _____ all the way. It’s too hot. A. run B. to run C. runs D. to be running 3. When I came back, I found the house _____ and everything _____. A. was broken; took away B. broken into; taken away C. had been broken; taken D. break into; take away 4. When I came back, I found nobody ___. It was empty. A. on B. out C. in D. away 5. Tell him _____ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 6. ----The re’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____. A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended 7. I found the door _____ when I got home. A. opened B. close C. unlocking D. open 8. There i sn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know _________. A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which 9. “ Have you d ecided when ________?” “ Yes, tomorrow morning.” A. to leave B. to be leaving C. will you leave D. are you leaving 10. ________, you need to try your best to practise. A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner 11. A car accident happened there. An old woman . But the car drove away. A. knocked over B. was knocked over C. knocks over D. is knocked over 12. When I came in, I saw her the piano. A. play B. playing C. played D. to play 13. The dog I saw just now is Mike’s. A. who B. that C. when D. where 14. His children work far away from here, and he has nobody to talk to all day long, so he often feels . A. happy B. lazy C. tired D.

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