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European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 46, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 1505-1511

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 46, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 1505-1511
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 46, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 1505-1511

Original article

Synthesis,antimicrobial,antioxidant,anti-hemolytic and cytotoxic evaluation of new imidazole-based heterocycles

Bakr F.Abdel-Wahab a ,b ,*,Ghada E.A.Awad c ,Farid A.Badria d

a

Chemistry Department,Faculty of Science and Arts,King Abdel-Aziz University,Khulais Branch,Saudi Arabia b

Applied Organic Chemistry Department,National Research Center,Dokki,Giza 12622,Egypt c

Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products,National Research Center,Dokki,Giza 12622,Egypt d

Pharmacognosy Department,Faculty of Pharmacy,Mansoura University,Mansoura 35516,Egypt

a r t i c l e i n f o

Article history:

Received 24August 2010Received in revised form 18January 2011

Accepted 26January 2011

Available online 3February 2011Keywords:Imidazole Thiazoles

Hydrazonoyl chlorides Antimicrobial antioxidant anti-hemolytic cytotoxic

a b s t r a c t

In the present work,1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H -imidazol-4-yl)ethanone 1was prepared and used as a precursor for the synthesis of new thiazole,arylidiene and coumarin derivatives.The antimicrobial,antioxidant,anti-hemolytic,and cytotoxic activities of new compounds have been https://www.sodocs.net/doc/dd13286999.html,pound 12showed an excellent antibacterial activity for all the tested bacteria with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)ranged between 21.9and 43.8m g/mL.While,compounds 2,8and 10a were the best antioxidant reagents using the DPPH https://www.sodocs.net/doc/dd13286999.html,pounds 6a and 10b proved to exhibit potent anti-oxidative activity as re ?ected in the ability to inhibit lipid per-oxidation in rat brain and kidney homogenates and rate erythrocyte https://www.sodocs.net/doc/dd13286999.html,pounds 6a proved to have the highest cytotoxic activity (81.9%)followed by 2,6c ,7b and 12using in vitro Ehrlich ascites assay.The details synthetic methods,spectroscopic data and biological results are recorded.

ó2011Elsevier Masson SAS.All rights reserved.

1.Introduction

In recent years,the high therapeutic properties of the imidazole related drugs have been attracting the attention the medicinal chem-ists to synthesize a large number of novel chemotherapeutic agents.Imidazole drugs have broadened scope in remedying various dispo-sitions in clinical medicines.Medicinal properties of imidazole con-taining compounds include anticancer [1],antimicrobial [2,3],antibacterial [4],antifungal [5],and antioxidant [6].Encouraged by these observations and in continuation of our previous work to discover new biologically active heterocyclic compounds [7e 12],we synthesized newer heterocyclic imidazole derivatives,by facile and routine methods,with the hope to get better antimicrobial,antioxi-dant,and anti-hemolytic agents.2.Results and discussion 2.1.Chemistry

For the synthesis of the title compounds,2-(1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H -imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide 2

required as starting material and was prepared by the reaction of 4-acetyl-5-methyl-2-phenylimdazole 1[13]with thiosemicarbazide.The target compounds 6e 8were obtained by reaction of equimolar quantities of thiosemicarbazide 2with phenacyl bromides 3a e c ,hydrazonoyl chlorides 4a ,b or 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline 5(Scheme 1).

The 1H NMR spectra data were consistent with the assigned structures;thiazolidine CH 2protons of 6was observed as a broad singlet around d 4.01ppm,Also compound 7b has three methyl groups appeared at 2.24,2.88and 3.24ppm respectively,all the other aromatic and aliphatic protons were observed at the expected regions.The 13C NMR of compound 6b showed ?ve carbon atoms bonded with nitrogen atom with double bond appeared at d 142.45,146.94,152.27,154.59,170.35ppm.The mass spectra of the new compounds are in agreement with their molecular formulas.All new compounds gave satisfactory elemental analysis.

4-Thiazolidinone compound 9was obtained by reaction of thi-osemicarbazide 2with chloroacetic acid in glacial acetic acid and in the presence of anhydrous sodium acetate.Reaction of the latter product 9with 4-?urobenzaldehyde and substituted pyrazole aldehydes afforded the corresponding arylidines 10.The one pot synthesis of products 10has been preceded via reaction of thia-zolidin-4-one 9with aldehydes in glacial acetic acid and presence of excess anhydrous sodium acetate (Scheme 2).

*Corresponding author.Chemistry Department,Faculty of Science and Arts,King Abdel-Aziz University,Khulais Branch,Saudi Arabia.

E-mail address:balshoaibi@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/dd13286999.html,.sa (B.F.

Abdel-Wahab).Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

jo urnal homepag e:http://www.elsevie

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/dd13286999.html,/locate/ejmech

0223-5234/$e see front matter ó2011Elsevier Masson SAS.All rights reserved.doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.01.062

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 46(2011)1505e 1511

The 1H NMR spectra data were also consistent with the assigned structures;thiazolidinone CH 2protons of 9appeared at d 3.94pm,arylidiene CH proton of 10c was observed at 8.81ppm.The carbonyl group of thiazolidinone derivative 10b appeared at d 146.09ppm in its 13C NMR.

Cyanoacetylhydrazine reacts with 4-acetyl-5-methyl-2-phenyl-imdazole 1to give the hydrazide e hydrazone derivative 11(Scheme 3).The structure of compound 11was established on the basis of analytical and spectral data.Thus 1H NMR spectrum showed the presence of a singlet at d 4.08ppm for CH 2group,and a singlet at d 12.99ppm for an NH group.The reaction of 11with aromatic aldehydes either 4-?urobenzaldehyde,or pyr-azole e aldehydes 13a ,b gave the benzalidene derivatives 12and 14(Scheme 3).The reaction of 11with 4-hydroxysalicylaldehyde gave the coumarin derivative 15,the reaction goes in analogy with the reported literature [14,15].The 13C NMR of compound 15showed one carbonyl group at d 163.10ppm.Elemental analysis data revealed that variation in experimental values compared with calculated values is within ?0.4%(Table 1).

2.2.Biological activities

2.2.1.Antimicrobial activity

The antimicrobial activities of the new synthesized compounds against target pathogens were examined qualitatively and quanti-tatively by the presence or absence of inhibition zones and zone diameter.Results given in Table 2showed that compound 12showed an excellent antibacterial activity for all the tested bacteria with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)ranged between 21.9and 43.8m g/mL (Table 3).Moreover compounds 2,6a and 9showed moderate antibacterial activities against some Gram tve and Gram àve bacteria with minimal inhibitory (MIC)concentration of these compounds ranged from 21.9to 87.5m g/mL (Table 2).None of the tested compound showed antifungal activities against the tested fungus stains and yeast.

2.2.1.1.Structure e activity relationship (SAR)studies.The antimi-crobial activity of the synthesized substituted imidazole derivatives is due to the presence of:

N NH Ph

H 3C

H 3C

O 2H

NH 2S

N

NH Ph CH N H 2N

N H S 3

Scheme 1.

N

NH Ph

CH 3

CH 3N H 2N

N H S 3

3

Ar 4-FC 6H 4

N

N Ph R R =2-thienyl R =2-benzofuryl

2

10

10a

b c Scheme 2.

B.F.Abdel-Wahab et al./European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 46(2011)1505e 1511

1506

Thiosemicarbazide fragment (compound 2)and ?uorinated arylidiene (compounds 12)

Thiazole ring (compound 6a and 9).

2.2.2.Antioxidant activity

2.2.2.1.DPPH free radical scavenging activity.Since the main mechanism of antioxidant action in foods is radical-scavenging,many methods have been developed in which the antioxidant

activity is evaluated by the scavenging of synthetic radicals in polar organic solvents such as methanol at room temperature.In this study,the DPPH method was selected to evaluate the antioxidant activity of new compounds because it is one of the most effective methods for evaluating the concentration of radical-scavenging materials active by a chain-breaking mechanism [16].The DPPH radical is a stable free radical and the DPPH radical-scavenging activity was determined by the decrease in absorbance at 517nm,due to reduction by the antioxidant (AH)or reaction with a radical species,as shown in the Eq.(1)[17].DPPH tR /DPPH àR

(1)

We found that most of compounds showed considerable free radical-scavenging activities (Table 4).Compounds 2,8and 10a was the strongest radical scavenger among fungal isolates with CI 506.25mg/mL,followed by compound 9with CI 5012.5mg/mL while 6a ,6b ,7a and 7b with CI 5025mg/mL.However the other compounds were moderate radical scavengers with CI 50ranged between 100and 200mg/mL.

2.2.2.2.Antioxidant activity using ABTS inhibition and erythrocyte hemolysis.All compounds were tested for antioxidant activity as re ?ected in the ability to inhibit lipid per-oxidation in rat brain and kidney homogenates and rate erythrocyte hemolysis.The pro-oxidant activities of the compounds were assayed for their anti-oxidant effects using ABTS https://www.sodocs.net/doc/dd13286999.html,pounds 6a and 10b proved to exhibit potent antioxidative activity.On the other hand,compounds 2and 6c showed moderate activity;compounds 6b ,8,10c ,12,and 14b showed weak activity.However compound 15exhibits very weak or no antioxidant activity (Table 5).

2.2.2.2.1.Structure e activity relationship (SAR)studies.The anti-microbial activity of the synthesized substituted imidazole deriv-atives is due to the presence of:

Thiosemicarbazide fragment and quinoxaline nucleus (compound 2and 8).

Thiazole ring (compound 6a ,6b ,7a ,7b ,8,9and 10a ).

Fluorinated arylidiene (compound 12)arylidiene derivative with benzofuran substitute (compound 14b ).

N NH Ph

H 3C

H 3C

O HN O

EtOH,HCl,reflux,3h

N

NH Ph CH 3

CH 3N H

N

O

NC

H 314

15a :R =2-thienyl b :R =2-benzofuryl

Scheme 3.

Table 1

Characteristic data of the synthesized https://www.sodocs.net/doc/dd13286999.html,pd.No.Mol.Formula (M.Wt)

Calcd :Found

Mp.

C

Yield %

C%H%N%2C 13H 15N 5S (273.36)57:1257:415:535:6425:6225:43245e 6726a C 21H 19N 5S (373.47)67:5367:455:135:2318:7518:66261e 2616b C 23H 19N 5OS (413.49)66:814:6316:94290e 2556c C 24H 19N 5O 2S (441.50)65:294:3415:86218e 9567a C 22H 21N 7S (415.51)63:595:0923:60237e 9687b C 22H 20ClN 7S (449.96)58:7258:674:485:0321:7921:06186e 7668C 21H 17N 7S (399.47)63:1463:314:294:3724:5424:41237e 9519C 15H 15N 5OS (313.38)57:494:8222:35216e 861

10a C 22H 18FN 5OS (419.47)62:994:3316:70>300A:45B:5610b C 29H 23N 7OS 2(549.67)63:374:2217:84272e 3A:41B:5710c C 33H 25N 7O 2S (583.66)67:9167:984:324:4716:8016:71>300A:48B:5311C 15H 15N 5O (281.31)64:0464:215:375:4924:9024:99255à68212C 22H 18FN 5O (387.41)68:214:6818:08201e 28614a C 29H 23N 7OS (517.60)67:294:4818:94265e 67314b C 33H 25N 7O 2(551.60)71:864:5717:78197e 97615

C 22H 19N 5O 3(401.42)

65:8365:71

4:774:63

17:4517:63

253e 4

68

B.F.Abdel-Wahab et al./European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 46(2011)1505e 15111507

2.2.

3.Antitumor activity using in vitro Ehrlich ascites assay

The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antitumor activity.The viability of the cells used in control exper-iments exceeded 95%.Compound 6a proved to have the highest cytotoxic activity (81.9%)followed by compounds 2,6c ,7b and https://www.sodocs.net/doc/dd13286999.html,pound 15showed no cytotoxic activity.The rest tested compounds showed very weak activity (Table 6).

2.2.

3.1.Structure e activity relationship (SAR)studies.The antitumor activity of the synthesized substituted imidazole derivatives is due to the presence of:

Thiosemicarbazide fragment (compound 2),coumarin nucleus (6c )and 4-chlorobenzene azo substitute (7b ). Fluorinated arylidiene (compounds 12).3.Experimental 3.1.Chemistry

All melting points were taken on Electrothermal IA 9000series digital melting point apparatus.Elemental analytical data were carried from the microanalytical unit,National Research Centre,Dokki,Giza,Egypt.The IR spectra were recorded in potassium bromide disks on a Shimadzu CVT-04spectrophotometer.The 1H NMR spectra were recorded at 270MHz on a Varian EM-360spec-trometer using TMS as an internal standard.Chemical shifts values (d )are given in parts per million (ppm).The mass spectra were performed using mass Varian MAT CH-5spectrometer at 70eV.4-Acetyl-5-methyl-2-phenylimdazole 1[13],1-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-bromoethanone 3b [18],3-(2-bromoacetyl)-2H -chromen-2-one

3c [19],hydrazonoyl chlorides 4a ,b [20],2,3-dichloroquinoxaline 5[21],2-cyanoacetohydrazide [22],pyrazolyl aldehydes 13a [23]and 13b [24]were prepared according to the reported procedures.3.1.1.2-(1-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (2)

To a solution of 4-acetyl-5-methyl-2-phenylimdazole 1(2.00g,10mmol)and thiosemicarbazide (0.91g,10mmol)in absolute ethanol (20mL),three drops of conc.HCl were added and the reaction mixture was re ?uxed for 5h.The formed yellow to colorless precipitate was isolated by ?ltration,washed with ethanol,dried and recrystallized from dimethylformamide-water (DMF-H 2O)(3:1v/v).IR (KBr)n max /cm à13335e 3165(NH 2,NH);1H NMR (DMSO-d 6)d 1.31(s,3H,CH 3),2.45(s,3H,CH 3),7.61e 8.12(m,5H,Ar-H),8.56(s,2H,NH 2,D 2O-exchangeable),10.51(s,H,NH,D 2O-exchangeable),12.91(s,H,NH,D 2O-exchangeable);MS m /z (%):273(M t,50),104(100%).

3.1.2.2-{[1-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene]hydrazono}-4-aryl-2,5-dihydrothiazoles (6a e e )

A mixture of 2(0.27g,1mmol)and appropriate phenacyl bromide (1mmol)in absolute ethanol (30mL)was heated under re ?ux for 6h.The formed solid was ?ltered off,washed with water,dried and recrystallized from EtOH/DMF to give the corresponding carbohydrazides 6a e e .

3.1.3.2-{[1-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene]hydrazono}-4-phenyl-2,5-dihydrothiazole (6a )1

H NMR (DMSO-d 6)d 1.61(s,3H,CH 3),2.62(s,3H,CH 3),4.01(s,2H,CH 2),7.41e 7.92(m,10H,Ar-H),13.81(s,H,NH,D 2O-exchangeable);MS m /z (%):373(M t,28),104(100).

Table 2

Antimicrobial activity chemical compounds against the pathological strains based on well diffusion assay.a Chemical compound B.megaterium ATCC9885 B.subtilis ATCC6633S.aureus ATCC29213K.peneumoniae ATCC13883P.aeroginosa ATCC27953 E.coli

ATCC25922Candida Albicans NRRL Y-477 A.niger 2ttttttttN.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.6a N.A.ttttttttttttN.A.N.A.6b N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.6c N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.7a N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.7b N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.8N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.9N.A..tttttttttN.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.10a N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.10b N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.10c N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.11N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.12tttttttttttttttt.tttN.A.N.A.14a N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.14b N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.15

N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.Cipro ?oxacin tttttttttttttttttttttN.A.N.A.Ketoconazole

N.A.

N.A.

N.A.

N.A.

N.A.

N.A.

tttt

tttt

a

Antimicrobial activities were expressed as inhibition diameter zones in millimeters (mm)as follows:N.A.(no activity) 4mm;t(weak)?5e 9mm;tt(moderate)?10e 15mm;ttt(strong)?16e 20mm and tttt(very strong)!21mm.The experiment was carried out in triplicate and the average zone of inhibition was calculated.

Table 3

Minimum inhibitory concentration (m g/mL)against the pathological strains based on two fold serial dilution technique.Chemical compound B.megaterium ATCC9885 B.subtilis ATCC6633S.aureus ATCC29213K.peneumoniae ATCC13883P.aeroginosa ATCC27953 E.coli

ATCC259222e 87.5e e e e 6a e 43.829.1e e e 9e 43.843.821.9e e 12

21.943.821.9e 21.921.9Cipro ?xacine

21.9

10.9

21.9

10.9

10.9

21.9

B.F.Abdel-Wahab et al./European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 46(2011)1505e 1511

1508

3.1.

4.4-(Benzofuran-2-yl)-2-{[1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-

4-yl)ethylidene]hydrazono}-2,5-dihydrothiazole(6b)

1H NMR(DMSO-d

6)d2.30(s,3H,CH3),2.81(s,3H,CH3),4.10(s, 2H,CH2),6.78(s,1H,benzofuryl-CH),7.51e8.22(m,9H,Ar-H),13.60 (s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);13C NMR(DMSO-d6)d12.06,16.19, 39.86,40.03,40.19,102.86,107.41,111.51,121.96,123.44,123.82, 125.26,127.95,128.28,128.96,129.03,129.82,132.49,142.45, 146.94,152.27,154.59,170.35;MS m/z(%):413(Mt,26),184(100).

3.1.5.3-{2-{[1-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene] hydrazono}-2,5-dihydrothiazol-4-yl}-2H-chromen-2-one(6c) 1H NMR(DMSO-d

6)d2.32(s,3H,CH3),2.88(s,3H,CH3),3.99(s, 2H,CH2),7.42e8.28(m,10H,Ar-H),13.45(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);MS m/z(%):441(Mt,30),184(100).

3.1.6.4-Methyl-2-{[1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl) ethylidene]hydrazono}-5-(2-arylhydrazono)-2,5-dihydrothiazoles (7a,b)

A mixture of2(0.54g,2mmol)and appropriate hydrazonoyl chlorides4a,b(2mmol)in absolute ethanol(30cm3)containing triethylamine(0.2g,2mmol)was heated under re?ux for3h,then left cool.The formed precipitate was isolated by?ltration,washed with ethanol,dried,and recrystallized from EtOH e DMF.

3.1.7.4-Methyl-2-{[1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl) ethylidene]hydrazono}-5-(2-phenylhydrazono)-2,5-dihydrothiazole (7a)

1H NMR(DMSO-d

6)d2.23(s,3H,CH3),2.89(s,3H,CH3),3.22(s, 2H,CH3),7.22e7.99(m,10H,Ar-H),10.52(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable),12.90(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);MS m/z(%):415 (Mt,45),104(100).

3.1.8.5-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)hydrazono]-4-methyl-2-{[1-(5-

methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene]hydrazono}-2,5-dihydrothiazole(7b)

1H NMR(DMSO-d

6)d2.23(s,3H,CH3),2.89(s,3H,CH3),3.22(s, 2H,CH3),7.20e8.01(m,9H,Ar-H),10.46(s,H,NH,D2O-exchange-able),12.88(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);MS m/z(%):415(Mt, 28%),104(100).

3.1.9.2-{[1-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene] hydrazono}-2,9a-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-b]quinoxaline(8)

A mixture of thiosemicarbazide2(2.7,10mmol),2,3-dichlor-oquinoxaline7(1.0g,10mmol)in absolute ethanol(15mL)was heated under re?uxing conditions for6h.The formed solid product was?ltered,dried and crystallized from ethanol to give8.

1H NMR(DMSO-d

6)d2.23(s,3H,CH3),2.89(s,3H,CH3),3.64(s, 1H,CH),7.54e8.34(m,9H,Ar-H),12.89(s,H,NH,D2O-exchange-able);MS m/z(%):399(Mt,22%),183(100%).

3.1.10.2-{[1-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene] hydrazono}thiazolidin-4-one(9)

A mixture of2(0.27g,1mmol)and chloroacetic acid(0.1g, 1mmol)in glacial acetic acid(30mL)containing anhydrous sodium acetate(0.33g,4mmol)was heated under re?ux for6h.The reaction mixture was cooled and the resulting precipitate was ?ltered off and recrystallized from ethanol to give9.IR(KBr)n max/ cmà13302e3107(2NH);1H NMR(DMSO-d6)d2.22(s,3H,CH3), 3.21(s,3H,CH3),3.94(s,2H,CH2),7.34e7.89(m,5H,Ar-H),9.09(s, 1H,NH,D2O-exchangeable),11.99(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);MS m/z(%):313(Mt,22%),56(100%).

3.1.11.Synthesis of thiazolidin-4-ones10a e c

3.1.11.1.Method A.To a solution of4-thiazolidinone9(0.313g, 1mmol)and appropriate aldehyde(1mmol)in glacial acetic acid (20mL),anhydrous sodium acetate(0.33g,4mmol)was added and the reaction mixture was re?uxed for5h then left to cool at room temperature.The formed solid was?ltered off,dried and recrys-tallized from suitable solvent.

Table4

DPPH inhibition of chemical compounds.

Chemical compounds DPPH IC50(mg/mL) 2 6.25

6a25

6b25

6c200

7a25

7b25

8 6.25

912.5

10a 6.25

10b200

10c200

11100

12200

14a200

14b200

15100Table5

Antioxidant assay for the prepared new compounds.

Compd.No.ABTS a Inhibition(%)Erythrocyte hemolysis(%) L-ascorbic acid b88.610.85

260.23 2.45

6a79.35 2.75

6b39.90 1.90

6c61.65 2.50

7a44.36 6.40

7b40.72 1.70

837.40 1.10

10a79.20 1.40

10b76.20 3.45

10c35.90 1.50

1148.20 3.65

1268.600.86

14a,14b34.56 5.55

15 4.56 5.55

a50m L of(2mM)of tested compounds in spectroscopic grade MeOH/phosphate buffer reaction mixture(1mL,1:1v/v).

b50m L of(2Mm)of L-ascorbic acid was used in spectroscopic grade MeOH/ phosphate buffer reaction mixture(1mL,1:1v/v).

Table6

Ehrlich in vitro assay for new synthesized compounds.a

Compd.No.IC50(m g/mL)

5-Florouracil 1.5

2 4.18

6a19.5

6b21.5

6c125

7a20.25

7b20.25

8 4.25

10a14.5

10b8.25

10c125.25

11125.25

1285.25

14a,14b125.25

15150.5

a Tested compounds were prepared(1mg/mL)in

100m L DMSO and complete to1mL using RPMI-1640

medium.5-Florouracil(25m g/mL)in100m L DMSO and

complete to1mL using RPMI-1640medium.

B.F.Abdel-Wahab et al./European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry46(2011)1505e15111509

3.1.11.2.Method B.A mixture of2(0.27g,1mmol),chloroacetic acid(0.1g,1mmol)and appropriate aldehydes(1mmol)in glacial acetic acid(20mL)containing anhydrous sodium acetate(0.33g, 4mmol)was heated under re?ux for5h.The reaction mixture was left to cool and the formed solid was?ltered off,washed with water,dried and recrystallized from suitable solvent.

3.1.12.5-(4-Fluorobenzylidene)-2-{[1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene]hydrazono}thiazolidin-4-one(10a) IR(KBr)n max/cmà13321e3049(2NH),1703(C]O);1H NMR (DMSO-d6)d2.51(s,3H,CH3),2.93(s,3H,CH3),3.92(s,1H,NH, D2O-exchangeable),7.20e7.85(m,9H,Ar-H),8.42(s,1H, CH?N e),11.99(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);MS m/z(%):419(Mt, 39),56(100).

3.1.13.2-{[1-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene] hydrazono}-5-((1-phenyl-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methylene)thiazolidin-4-one(10b)

IR(KBr)n max/cmà13356e3044(2NH),1699(C]O);1H NMR (DMSO-d6)d2.48(s,3H,CH3),2.90(s,3H,CH3),3.95(s,1H,NH, D2O-exchangeable),7.21e7.84(m,8H,Ar-H),8.62(s,1H,CH] N e),12.39(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);13C NMR(DMSO-d6) d13.00,16.03,39.72,39.88,40.05,40.21,40.35,96.86,100,116.65, 119.26,127.67,127.73,128.32,129.05,130.24,132.04,134.77,139.12, 146.09;MS m/z(%):549(Mt,31),56(100).

3.1.1

4.5-{[3-(Benzofuran-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl] methylene}-2-((1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl) ethylidene)hydrazono)thiazolidin-4-one(10c)

IR(KBr)n max/cmà13336e3067(2NH),1699(C]O);1H NMR (DMSO-d6)d2.52(s,3H,CH3),2.93(s,3H,CH3),4.02(s,1H,NH,D2O-exchangeable),7.45e8.23(m,10H,Ar-H),8.81(s,1H,CH]N e),11.98 (s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);MS m/z(%):583(Mt,29),56(100).

3.1.15.2-Cyano-N0-[1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl) ethylidene]acetohydrazide(11)

To a solution of2-cyanoacetohydrazide(1.0g,10mmol)in absolute ethanol(30mL)4-acetyl-5-methyl-2-phenylimidazole1 (2.00g,10mmol)was added.The reaction mixture was heated under re?ux for1h then left to cool.The solid product formed upon pouring onto ice/water was collected by?ltration.

IR(KBr)n max/cmà13319(NH);2219(CN),1678(C]O),1H NMR (DMSO-d6)d2.32(s,3H,CH3),2.89(s,3H,CH3),4.08(s,2H,CH2), 7.34e7.89(m,5H,Ar-H),12.99(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable)13.99 (s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);MS m/z(%):281(Mt,29),82(100).

3.1.16.Synthesis of compounds12e14

3.1.16.1.General procedures.Equimolecular mixture of11(2.81g, 0.01mol)and appropriate aldehyde(0.01mol),in anhydrous ethanol(20mL)containing piperidine(0.50mL)was heated under re?ux for3h.The formed solid was collected by?ltration.

3.1.17.2-Cyano-3-(4-?uorophenyl)-N0-[1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene]acrylohydrazide(12)

IR(KBr)n max/cmà13302e3073(2NH);2221(CN),1683(C]O),1H NMR(DMSO-d6)d2.20(s,3H,CH3),2.78(s,3H,CH3),7.25e8.10(m,9H, Ar-H),9.25(s,1H,CH]N),12.98(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable)14.24(s, H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);MS m/z(%):372(Mt,31),104(100).

3.1.18.2-Cyano-N0-[1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl) ethylidene]-3-[1-phenyl-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl] acrylohydrazide(14a)

IR(KBr)n max/cmà13308e3103(2NH);2221(CN),1681(C]O), 1H NMR(DMSO-d

6)d2.21(s,3H,CH3),2.91(s,3H,CH3),7.22e8.46 (m,13H,Ar-H),9.31(s,1H,CH]N),12.89(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable)14.34(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);MS m/z(%):517 (Mt,39),104(100).

3.1.19.3-[3-(Benzofuran-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-2-

cyano-N0-[1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene] acrylohydrazide(14b)

IR(KBr)n max/cmà13319e3128(2NH);2220(CN),1689(C]O), 1H NMR(DMSO-d

6)d2.18(s,3H,CH3),2.87(s,3H,CH3),6.8(s,1H, benzofuryl-CH),7.31e8.36(m,14H,Ar-H),8.96(s,1H,CH]N),12.35 (s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable)13.96(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable); MS m/z(%):551(Mt,23),104(100).

3.1.20.7-Hydroxy-2-imino-N0-[1-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-

imidazol-4-yl)ethylidene]-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide(15) IR(KBr)n max/cmà13319e3128(NH);1661(C]O),1H NMR (DMSO-d6)d2.21(s,3H,CH3),2.80(s,3H,CH3),6.68e7.90(m,8H, Ar-H),8.41(s,1H,CH),8.97(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable),10.8(s, 1H,OH,D2O-exchangeable)12.53(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable) 13.23(s,H,NH,D2O-exchangeable);13C NMR(DMSO-d6)d12.44, 15.04,39.87,40.03,40.20,101.80,111.33,113.25,116.30,125.08, 128.43,129.25,130.85,132.03,135.58,142.42,143.52,151.98,155.85, 156.92,158.37,163.10.

3.2.Biological activities

3.2.1.Antimicrobial activity

Chemical compounds were individually tested against a panel of gram positive and negative bacterial pathogens.Antimicrobial tests were carried out by the agar well diffusion method[25]using 100m L of suspension containing1?108CFU/mL of pathological tested bacteria,1?106CFU/mL of yeast and1?104spore/mL of fungi spread on nutrient agar(NA),Sabourand dextrose agar(SDA), and potato dextrose agar(PDA)medium respectively.After the media had cooled and solidi?ed,wells(10mm in diameter)were made in the solidi?ed agar and loaded with100m L of tested compound solution prepared by dissolving100mg of the chemical compound in one mL of dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO).The inculcated plates were then incubated for24h at37 C for bacteria and48h at 28 C for fungi.Negative controls were prepared using DMSO employed for dissolving the tested compound.Cipro?oxacin (50m g/mL)and Ketoconazole(50m g/mL)were used as standard for antibacterial and antifungal activity respectively.After incubation time,antimicrobial activity was evaluated by measuring the zone of inhibition against the test organisms and compared with that of the standard.The observed zone of inhibition is presented in Table1. Antimicrobial activities were expressed as inhibition diameter zones in millimeters(mm)as follows:N.A.(no activity)4mm;t(weak)?5e9mm;tt(moderate)?10e15mm;ttt(strong)?16e20mm andtttt(very strong)!21mm.The experiment was carried out in triplicate and the average zone of inhibition was calculated.

3.2.2.Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)measurement

The bacteriostatic activity of the active compounds(having inhibition zones(IZ)!16mm)was then evaluated using the two fold serial dilution technique[26].Two fold serial dilutions of the tested compounds solutions were prepared using the proper nutrient broth.The?nal concentration of the solutions was250; 175;87.5;43.8and21.9m g/mL.The tubes were then inoculated with the test organisms,grown in their suitable broth at37 C for 24h for bacteria(about1?108CFU/mL),each5mL received0.1mL of the above inoculum and incubated at37 C for24h.The lowest concentration showing no growth was taken as the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC).

B.F.Abdel-Wahab et al./European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry46(2011)1505e1511 1510

3.2.3.Antioxidant activity

3.2.3.1.DPPH free radical and scavenging activity.The hydrogen atom or electron donation ability of the corresponding compounds was measured from the bleaching of purple colored of methanolic solution of DPPH.This spectrophotometric assay uses stable radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl(DPPH)as a reagent[27,28].Different concentrations of the chemical compounds were dissolved in methanol to obtain?nal concentration ranged from6.25to200mg/ mL different concentrations were made to determine CI50(con-centration make50%inhibition of DPPH color).Fifty microliters of various sample concentrations were added to5mL of0.004% methanolic solution of DPPH.After a60min of incubation at dark, the absorbance was read against a blank at517nm.Inhibition free radical DPPH in percent(I%)was calculated as in Eq(2):

I%?

A blankàA sample

.

eA blankT?100(2)

Where A blank is the absorbance of the control reaction(containing all reagents except the test compound),and A sample is the absor-bance of the test sample.

3.2.3.2.Antioxidant activity screening assay for erythrocyte hemo-lysis.The blood was obtained from rats by cardiac puncture and collected in heparinized tubes.Erythrocytes were separated from plasma and the buffy coat was washed three times with10volumes of0.15M NaCl.During the last wash,the erythrocytes were centrifuged at2500rev./min for10min to obtain a constantly packed cell preparation.Erythrocyte hemolysis was mediated by peroxyl radicals in this assay system[29].A10%suspension of erythrocytes in phosphate buffered saline pH7.4(PBS)was added to the same volume of200mM AAPH solution in PBS containing samples to be tested at different concentrations.The reaction mixture was shaken gently while being incubated at37 C for2h. The reaction mixture was then removed,diluted with eight volumes of PBS and centrifuged at1500g for10min.The absor-bance of the supernatant was read at540nm.Similarly,the reac-tion mixture was treated with8volumes of distilled water to achieve complete hemolysis,and the absorbance of the superna-tant obtained after centrifugation was measured at540nm.The data percentage hemolysis was expressed as mean?standard deviation.L-ascorbic acid was used as a positive control.

3.2.3.3.Antioxidant activity screening assay ABTS method.For each of the investigated compounds(2mL)of ABTS solution(60m M)was added to3mL MnO2solution(25mg/mL),all prepared in(5mL) aqueous phosphate buffer solution(pH7,0.1M).The mixture was shaken,centrifuged,?ltered and the absorbance of the resulting green-blue solution(ABTS radical solution)at l734nm was adjusted to approx.ca.0.5.Then,50m L of(2mM)solution of the tested compound in spectroscopic grade MeOH/phosphate buffer (1:1)was added.The absorbance was measured and the reduction in color intensity was expressed as inhibition percentage.L-ascorbic acid was used as standard antioxidant(positive control).Blank sample was run without ABTS and using MeOH/phosphate buffer (1:1)instead of tested compounds.Negative control was run with ABTS and MeOH/phosphate buffer(1:1)only[30e32].

3.3.Cytotoxic activity

3.3.1.Ehrlich cells

Ehrlich cells(Ehrlich ascites Carcinoma,EAC)were derived from ascetic?uid from diseased mouse(the cells were purchased from National Cancer institute,Cairo,Egypt which is a certi?ed institute by National Medical Research Ethics Committee).DNA(Calf Thymus type1),bleomycin sulfate,butylated hydroxyanisole(BHA),thiobarbituric acid(TBA),ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)and ascorbic acid were obtained from sigma.2,20-azo-bis-(2-amidino-propane)dihydrochlorid(AAPH),2,20-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazo-line-6-sulfonic acid(ABTS)were purchased from Wako Co.,USA.

3.3.2.Antitumor activity using Ehrlich ascites in vitro assay

Different concentrations of the tested compounds were prepared (100,50and25m l from1mg/mL in DMSO(<00.05%,v/v)and RPMI-1640medium).Ehrlich cells(Ehrlich ascites Carcinoma,EAC)were derived from ascetic?uid from diseased mouse(purchased from National Cancer institute,Cairo,Egypt which is a certi?ed institute by National Medical Research Ethics Committee).Ascites?uid from the peritoneal cavity of the diseased mouse(contains Ehrlich cells) was aseptically aspirated.The cells were grown partly?oating and partly attached in a suspension culture in RPMI-1640medium, supplemented with10%fetal bovine serum.They were maintained at37 C in a humidi?ed atmosphere with5%CO2for2h.The viability of the cells determined by the microscopical examination using a hemocytometer and using trypan blue stain(stains only the dead cells)[33,34].

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因个人工作失误检讨书范文

因个人工作失误检讨书范文 工作失误在我们平常工作中也是很平常的事,大家刚刚工作的时候是不是也是犯了很多的错误呀。下面是由出guo为大家的“因个人工作失误检讨书范文”,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。 尊敬的领导: 您好! 首先怀着十分愧疚的心情,对xx领导表示真诚的歉意。对于20××年x月x日我施工单位一施工人员xx做管道刷油漆登高作业时没有按照规定佩戴安全带,对于安环部的处罚,我项目部及时把罚款已交。 针对目前我项目存在的一些安全质量问题,我进行了深刻反思和自我检讨,对此出现的问题我深深意识到自身对工程质量安全的认识没有到位,没有深入实践本工程“安全第一”的管理模式,没有切实履行好作为项目主要负责人对安全把控的义务,在管理过程中,思想松懈,心存侥幸。员工在具体施工中存在的问题进行分析:执行规章制度不坚决、不认真,施工现场管理混乱,工人安全意识不强等问题,对照自己在安全方面存在的问题进行了深入查找和分析,使自己深感自身的安全行为离“安全第一”的要求还有不少差距。安全第一的思想还没有牢固树立,安全责任意识淡薄。主动参加安全教育积极性不高,对事关安全问题不够敏感。对相关安全文件、通知通报、典型事故案例学习不到位,没有结合实际,细致的、有针对性的查找自

身存在的安全隐患。经过我的认真总结,主要是由于以下几个方面导致问题的发生: 片面追求工程进度,没有将施工安全与工程进度牢牢地结合起来,存在一定的侥幸心理,对施工安全管理工作不扎实,由麻痹大意的思想存在。 现场管控不到位。对施工的过程管理缺乏力度,采取措施不得力,未能长期深入一线,没能将现场工作规范化、标准化,没能严格的遵循规章制度、管理上存在一定的随意性,导致施工管理上的执行力下降,导致施工管理中一些容易出现的不良习惯开始冒头,对现场管理抓的不细、对规章制度执行不严。 对此,我在此向xx领导管理部门表示深深的歉意,因为我项目部工作上的失误而给工程带来了诸多隐患,我表示深深的自责,同时给我项目部的全体员工敲响了警钟。 我部将在以后的工作中引以为戒,狠抓现场管理,严谨工作作风,集中精力,务实工作,以高要求、严格标准来规范施工,对时光能够现场存在问题身体力行,时刻牢记肩负的安全责任。 此致 敬礼! 检讨人:xxx 20xx年x月x日 尊敬的领导: 您好!

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