高中语法介词讲解及练习(含答案)

介词

①表时间的介词

1 at, on, in

at表示“在某一时刻，某一时点”

I get up at 6:00 every day.

※at daybreak在黎明；at noon在中午；at night在夜间；at Christmas在圣诞节期间；at the age of five在五岁时

on表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”

I heard a shot on (the morning of ) March 18.

We don’t have classes on Sunday.

in表示“在某世纪、年、季度、月、周”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上

in the 20th century；in 1999；in winter；in September；in the morning/afternoon/evening

2 for, during, through

for后接“一段时间”，表示某事持续多久，多与完成时连用

She has been ill for several days.

during表示“在……期间”

I went to France for two weeks during the summer

through表示“一直……，自始至终”

They worked hard through the winter.

3 from, since

from表示“时间的起点”，常见短语“from…to/till…”

You can come anytime from Monday to Friday.

since表示“自从……以来（暗示直到现在）

He has been away from home since 1973.

We have known each other since ten years ago.

※for和since都常与完成时连用，但for接时间段，since接时间点。如for two hours；since last week

4 before, by, till, until

before指“在……之前”，与after相对

Please come before ten o’clock.

by指“不迟于，到……时为止，在……以前”

We had learned over 1000 words by the end of last term.

We will have learned 2000 English words by the end of this term.

※by后接过去时间，常与过去完成时连用；by后接将来时间，常与将来完成时连用

till (until) “直到……为止”

You must wait for him till tomorrow.

※在肯定句中，till/until必须与延续动词连用；在否定句中，till/until常与非延续性动词连用

I didn’t go to bed until 12 o’clock.

5 after, in, within

after表示“在……之后”，是before的反义词

He got a cancer and died after a year.

The meeting will end after 3:00pm.

within“在……时间之内”

I can finish it within an hour.

※after与in都可表示“在……之后”，但after后可跟时间段，也可跟时间点；而in后必须跟时间段。after 既可用于将来时，也可用于过去时，而in只能用于将来时。

I’ll arrive in an hour.

②表地点的介词

1 in, outside, between, among

in在……里面

She put her book in the desk.

outside在……外面

What did you see outside the hall?

between在……之间（指二者）

The building stands between the park and the small river.

among在……之间（指多者）

“There is a thief among you. ” the policeman shouted to the crowd.

※among后往往接笼统的人和事物，若需接具体的人或数目时，即使是指多者，也用between，此时一般有and连接，可理解为多者中任何两者之间。

Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Austria and Italy.

2 on, above, over, below, under

on表示“在……上面”，表面相互接触

There is a book on the desk.

above表示“在……上方，位置高出……”，与below相对

The Turners live above us.

over表示“在……正上方”，与under相对。

The picture is hanging over the blackboard.

below表示“在……下方，低于……”

Her skirt reaches just below her knees.

under表示“在……正下方”

They sat under a big tree, drinking.

3 near, by, beside

near表示“在……附近”

My home is near the school.

by = beside, 表示“靠近，在……旁边”，比near距离更近

He just sat by/ beside me in the cinema.

4 in front of, behind, around

in front of表示“在……前面”，指在外部

There is a tall tree in front of our classroom.

比较：in the front of表示“在……前部”，指在内部

There is a red chair in the front of the room.

behind表示“在……后面”

A high building stands behind the village.

around表示“在……周围，围绕”

There are many trees around the village.

5 from, to, for, into, out of

from表示“从……”

She will fly from Beijing to Hongkong.

to表示“到……”，指目的地

They got to the town very late.

for表示“去，向……”，指方向或去向

The train for shanghai has been away.

※towards仅指朝着某个方向，不一定是目的地；to指到目的地；for指向目的地，且常用于leave for; start for等固定搭配中

into表示“进入”

The teacher came into the classroom with a smile.

比较：into由外进入到里面，是动态的；而in是指静态的位置。

out of表示“从……出来”

They pulled him out of the water.

比较：out of是指从里面出来，是动态的；而outside是指静态的位置

6 along, across, through, over

along表示“沿着”街、路、河岸等线形物

There are all kinds of beautiful flowers along the street.

across表示“横穿”某一平面，或“横过”某一线形物

Pipes carry oil across the desert.

It’s dangerous to run across the busy road.

through指从某物的内部“穿过”

It took us ten minutes to drive through the tunnel.

over指“越过”某一障碍物

The bear went over the mountain.

7 at, in

at指较小的地方，如车站、家等；而in多指在较大地方，如国家、城市、大洲等

Please wait for me at the bus station.

The plane will arrive in Beijing at 13:00.

8 on the other side of, across, over

They live on the other side of/over/across the street.

③表方位的介词

1 in 表示在某地范围之内

Shanghai is/lies in the east of China.

2 to 表示在某地范围之外

Japan is/lies to the east of China.

3 on 表示与某地相邻或接壤

Mongolia is/lies on the north of China.

④表计量的介词

1 at表示“以……速度”“以……价格”

It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour.

I sold my car at a high price.

2 for表示“用……交换，以……为代价”

He sold his car for 500 dollars.

※at表示单价(price) ，for表示总钱数

3. by表示“以……计”，后跟度量单位

They paid him by the month.

Here eggs are sold by weight.

⑤表材料的介词

1 of成品仍可看出原料

This box is made of paper.

2 from成品已看不出原料

Wine is made from grapes.

3 in表示用某种材料或语言

Please fill in the form in pencil first.

They talk in English.

⑥表工具或手段的介词

1 by用某种方式，多用于交通

by bus by e-mail.

※表示搭乘交通工具时，用by时不用冠词，用in时要用冠词

I went there by bus/in a bus.

2 with表示“用某种工具”

He broke the window with a stone.

※with表示用某种工具时，必须用冠词或物主代词

3 on表示“以……方式”，多用于固定词组

They talked on the telephone.

She learns English on the radio/on TV.

⑦表关于的介词

1 of仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事

He spoke of the film the other day.

He thought about this matter yesterday.

2 about指“关于”某人或某事物的较详细的情况

Can you tell me something about yourself?

3 on指“关于”学术性的或严肃的事

It’s a textbook on the history of china.

⑧表原因或理由的介词

1 for表示原因，常与sorry, famous, punish, praise, thank, blame等词连用

I am sorry for what I said to you.

2 at指情感变化的原因，意为“因听到或看到而……”

He was surprised at the news.

3 from指“外在的原因”，如受伤、车祸等

He died from the wound.

4 of指“内在的原因”，如病、饿等

The old man died of hunger.

5 with指生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因

Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.

He was shaking with anger.

6 by表示外部的，尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因

Her body was bent by age.

She took your umbrella by mistake.

7 because of 表示引起结果的直接原因

He retired last month because of illness/because he ill.

8 owing to多表示引起某不良后果的原因

Owing to the rain they could not come.

9 thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因，常译为“幸亏……，多亏……”

Thanks to John, we won the game.

10 out of表示动机的起因，常译为“出于……”

He asked the question out of curiosity.

11 through多表示因局部而影响全局的原因

The war was lost through bad organization.

⑨表好像或当作的介词

1 like表示“像……一样”，其实不是

Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud.

2. as表示“作为，以……身份”，其实也是

He talked to me as a father.

※as作连词时，可表示“好像……”。

The work is not so difficult as you imagine.

⑩表支持或反对的介词

against反对，for支持，互为反义词

Are you for my idea or against it?

11 表除某人某物外的介词

1 besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除……外，还”

Thirty students went to the cinema besides him.

He is interested in tennis besides（=as well as）football.。

2 except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除去”

Everyone is excited except me.

All the visitors are Japanese except him.

※(A) except通常与表示全体的all, every连用；若与other连用，只能用besides

He had other people to take care of besides me.

(B) except是排除同类；而except for是排除非同类，常在说明基本情况后，从细节上加上修正The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.

Exercise：

1. __ the science exhibition, the art exhibition was also well designed,

A. Except

B. Besides

C. Beside

D. Except for

2. Miss Smith and I keep in touch _____ writing often.

A. with

B. on

C. by

D. from

3. Come and see me ______ two or three days' time.

A. for

B. after

C. in .

D. during

4. There were a lot of visitors from Japan _____ the foot of the mountain.

A. on

B. at

C. in

D. to

5. The coffee shop is _____ the street.

A. on

B. across

C. in

D. to

6. His grandfather has been ill __ the last year.

A, for B. since C. from D. after

7. In this matter, I’m sorry that I have to side ______ you.

A. at

B. to

C. against

D. with

8. We normally use the front entrance _____ the building but there is another entrance

____ the back.

A. to, to

B. at, at

C. to, at

D. of, in

9. The police have said that there is no connection _______ the murders.

A. in

B. for

C. on

D. between

10. To my horror, I saw,_______ my father's shoulder, a gorilla.

A. on

B. above

C. over

D. from

11. Everything is changing so fast these days, even young people find it difficult to

____the time.

A. get hold of

B. be covered with

C. get along with

D. keep up with

12. Many good books will be ______ the new library.

A. added

B. added to

C. added up to

D. added up

13. In his speech he _____ to the great help the school received from the government.

14. A. expressed B. explained C. referred D. whispered

14. It's Sarah's birthday tomorrow. Will you ____ me in buying a present for her?

A. remember

B. attend

C. share

D. join

15. You'd better _____ a doctor when you are sick.

A. send for

B. take up

C. look up

D. turn in

16. The teacher told us to ______ the book and answer some questions.

A. look through,

B. look on

C. look into

D. look up

17. Don and Sherry __ the mountains for their vacation.

A. called from

B. fled from

C. headed for

D. looked for

18. We were warned to ____ out for strangers in the neighborhood.

A. look

B. run

C. call

D. set

19. I'm going to a pop concert with Tom. He'll _____ me at eight, so I must be ready

then.

A. call for

B. call in

C. call on

D. call up

20. You'd better ____ your books after reading them.

A. put up

B. put on

C. put down

D. put away

高考练习

1. Let's learn to use the problem we are facing _____a stepping-stone to future

success.

A. to

B. for

C. as

D. by

2. I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times___________.

A. as much

B. as many

C. so much

D. so many

3. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ______ working

here.

A. with

B. over

C. at

D. about

4. Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students _____ financial aid.

A. in favour of

B. in honour of

C. in face of

D. in need of

5. I like Mr. Miner's speech; it was clear and _______ the point.

A. at

B. on

C. to

D. of

6. At the railway station ,the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train

was________.

A. out of sight

B. out of reach

C. out of order

D. out of place

7. Elizabeth has already achieved success _______ her wildest dreams.

A. at

B. beyond

C. within

D. upon

8. When she first arrived in China, she wondered what the future might

______ for her, but now all her worries are gone.

A. in need

B. in time

C. in preparation

D. in store

9. A great man shows his greatness _______ the way he treats little man.

A. under

B. with

C. on

D. by

10. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you'd better leave________ the

back door.

A. for

B. by

C. across

D. out

11. Everything was perfect for the picnic ______ the weather.

A. in place of

B. as well as

C. except for

D. in case of

12. Why are you so anxious? It isn’t your problem ______

A. on purpose

B. in all

C. on time

D. after all

13. --When did you last hear ______ Jay?

--He phoned me this morning, and we agreed ______ a time and place to meet.

A. of, to

B. about, with

C. from, with

D. from, on

14. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank_______ a chair.

A. on

B. off

C. into

D. to

15. --Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?

--Because the old one has been damaged________.

A. beyond reach

B. beyond repair

C. beyond control

D.

beyond description

16. Nowadays a lot of adults go to evening schools ________ further education.

A. after

B. in

C. for

D. on

17. The two sportsmen congratulated each other ______ winning the match by

shaking hands.

A. with

B. on

C. in

D. to

18. The manager suggested an earlier date ______ the meeting.

A. on

B. for

C. about

D. with

19. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, ______ their education that causes misunderstanding.

A. like

B. as

C. or

D. but

20. Some people choose jobs for other reasons __ money these days.

A. for

B. except

C. besides

D. with

21. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school ______ girls of your age.

A. for

B. about C from D. to

22, I think he is taking an active part in social work. I agree with you _____.

A. in a way

B. on the way

C. by the way

D. in the way

23. ______ the silence of the pauses, we could hear each other's breathing and could

almost hear our own heartbeats.

A. In

B. For

C. Under

D. Between

24. People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this

_______ creates further problems.

A. in short

B. in case

C. in doubt

D. in turn

25. Although _______ my opinion, the old professor didn't come up with his own.

A. against

B. on

C. for

D. in

Keys：1-5 BCCBB 6-10 BCCDC 11-15 DBCDA 16-20 ACAAD

1-5 CADDC 6-10 ABDDB 11-15 CDDCB 16-20 CBBDC 21-25 AAADA

高中英语语法填空专题训练和答案

Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.countries 【答案】countryother修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故是可数名词，此处由【解析】考查名词。countries. 填67. more 【答案】than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级考查比较级。根据句中的【解析】more. 表示更多的人，故填68. Luckily 【答案】“”Luckily. ，故填【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指幸运的是69. has changed 【答案】over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语has changed. 语是单数，故填70. spoken 【答案】Englishspeak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填和动词【解析】考查过去分词。． spoken. 71. from 【答案】be different from“…”from. ，是固定短语。故填和【解析】考查固定短语。不同72. especially 【答案】especial“”especially“”。特殊的，特别的是副词是形容词；尤其，特别【解析】考查副词。“”especially. ，故填尤其，特别此处指新的定居者丰富了英语，尤其是它的词汇。表示73. when 【答案】“…”，从句时态是过去时，故填当【解析】考查连词。此处引导时间状语从句，表示时候when. 74. or 【答案】or. 【解析】考查连词。此处表示选择，指作为第一语言或第二语言被说，故填 75. largest 【答案】【解析】考查形容词最高级。因为中国人口最多所以说英语的人也最多，此处由the修饰用 I had just visited my best friend in hospital with my mum,___41___hadn't seen my friend since she'd gone into hospital six months earlier. I knew where she was coming from as she was___42___(grave)ill, but as I'd been visiting her every week I had stopped seeing the obvious; my friend___43___(lose)most of her body weight

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