英语国家概况(2)期末复习题
英语国家概况（2）期末复习题
一．Decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F):
( ) 1. New Zealand is made up of a large group of islands.
( ) 2. In size, New Zealand is similar to Japan plus the British Isles. ( ) 3. Most of New Zealanders live cities and towns with more people living is the South Island than the South Island.
( ) 4. Maori people have given up their cultural tradition and have adopted many aspects of western life.
( ) 5. New Zealanders are keen to get involved in environmental protection. ( ) 6. The question "What is an American?" was first asked by J. Hector St.
John de Crevecoeur.
( ) 7. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.
( ) 8. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. . ( ) 9. Massachusetts was established by English puritans who separated themselves from the
Roman Catholic Church.
( )10. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers.
( )20. According to the author, larger universities are always better, and more desirable universities are always more expensive.
( )21. The two biggest political parties in Canada are the Reform Party and
the Liberal Party.
( )22. The Constitution Act was introduced by Brian Mulroney to ensure Canadians' legal
rights.
( ) 23. The Meech Lake Accord was set to recognize Quebec as a "distinct society".
( ) 24. It was Pierre Trudeau's government that signed the NAFTA.
( )25. Jean Chretien introduced the Bilingualism Act to promote the respect, understanding
and preservation of different cultures in Canada.
( ) 26. The Progressive Conservative Party and the Reform Party merged into the Conservative
Party in 2003.
( )27. The first computers were enormous in size and consumed great quantities of electricity.
( )28. Radio was a place where lots of advertisements were placed for products to feed a growing consumerism in America merging after World
War l.
( ) 29. The original idea was to connect computers was for educational and commercial uses.
( ) 30. What motivated most scientists and engineers in America to develop an atomic bomb in the first place was to prevent Japan from using such
a device.
( )31. The Internet is a global set of documents, images and other resources and refers to all of the publicly accessible websites in the world. ( )32. The Apollo 11 mission landed men on the moon for the first time in human history.
二. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the
question:
( ) 1. The Head of State of New Zealand is _______.
A. the Prime Minister
B. the Governor-General
C. the British monarch
D. the Ombudsman
( ) 2. Which of the following is NOT a function of Parliament?
A. Enacting laws .
B. Supervising the government's administration.
C. Receiving petitions from citizens.
D. Forming a government.
( ) 3. Public servants are officials working in government departments
A. whose appointments are independent of political process.
B. whose appointments are determined by government ministers.
C. who will lose their positions when the government changes.
D. who are members of the party in power.
( ) 4. The three levels of local government are____________.
A. regional councils, District Courts and community boards
B. the High Court, District Courts and Dispute Tribunals
C. regional councils, territorial authorities and community boards
D. regional councils, city councils and community boards
( ) 5 Which of the following is true about the private schools in New Zealand?
A. They provide distance education.
B. They mainly admit students with special educational and
developmental difficulties.
C. They are often not co-educational.
D. They mainly teach religious courses.
( ) 6. Which of the following is NOT one of the major exports of New Zealand?
A. Dairy products.
B. Fish.
C. Wool.
D.
Oil.
( ) 7 . Which of the following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?
A. Fruit.
B. Machinery.
C. Vehicles.
D. Mineral
fuels.
( )8. New Zealand's trade has______ of exports going to Pacific Rim members of the
APEC grouping.
A. 90%
B. 70%
C. 50%
D. 30%
( )9. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state
of ____ .
A. New York
B. Rhode Island
C. Connecticut
D. Georgia
( )10. The "American system" of mass production was first used in
A. car industry
B. textile industry
C. firearms industry
D. agriculture
( )11. The United States had the first standard paper currency in _.
A. 1839
B. 1880
C. 1863
D. 1913
( )12. In which year was the United States rated No.1 in terms of production capacity in the world?
A. 1920.
B. 1950.
C. 1945.
D. 1960.
( )13. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?
A. Banking.
B. Management consultation.
C. Airline.
D. Steelmaking.
( )14. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on
Washington of August
28,1 963 when _ delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech.
A. John F. Kennedy
B. President Johnson
C. Martin Luther King, Jr.
D. Mario Savio
( )15. In January 1965, President Johnson declared "__" to eliminate poverty "by opening
to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity."
A. war against Vietnam
B. war on poverty
C. war against Japan
D. New Frontier
program
( )16. Unlike Martin Luther King, __ the chief spokesperson of Black Muslims advocated
violence in self defense and black pride.
A. Malcolm X
B. Stokely Carmichael
C. Ella Baker
D. James Farmer
( )17. During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality was
known as __ to integrate interstate buses and bus stations in the
South.
A. free speech
B. sit-ins at lunch
counters
C. teach-ins at interstate train stations
D. freedom rides
( )18. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India's leader Gandhi,
____was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.
A. John F. Kennedy
B. James Farmer
C Ella Bark
D Martin Luther King, Jr ( )19. Which of the following expressions represents the core value of the mainstream society in the USA?
A. "Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."
B. "Blood, sweat,
and toil."
C. "Freedom, equality, and spirituality."
D. "Eat, drink, and
be merry."
( )20. Which of the following was President Franklin D. Roosevelt's main concern?
A. Health care.
B. Personal
freedom.
C. Material wealth.
D. Social
justice.
( )21. According to the author, the mosaic metaphor for American image has one fatal flaw. What is it?
A. America did not decay.
B. America is highly
democratic.
C. America is not open to change.
D. America is excessively
individualistic.
( )22. The Internet has several characteristics that reflect life in the USA today. Which one is NOT?
A. No one is reliably in charge.
B. The WWW has no center.
C. Each individual is responsible for what he or she takes seriously.
D. People can freely download MP3 music.
( )23. Which of the following institutions is responsible for the making of the Internet?
A. The US military.
B. The US
entertainment industry.
C. The US film industry.
D. The US education
sector.
( )24. Which of the following statements about Canada is true?
A. Canada has the highest standard of living in the world.
B. Canada is the second biggest economy among the G-7.
C. Contrast to its physical size, Canada has a small population.
D. Unlike the United States, Canada has scarce natural resources.
( )25. Which of the following about the north region is NOT true?
A. The north is a scarcely populated area of ice and oceans.
B. Most of the inhabitants are Aboriginal people.
C. The north has rich oil and gas deposits.
D. People in this region depend only on arts and crafts for living. ( )26. Where is Lake Louise located?
A. In the northern Arctic tundra.
B. On the Canadian-American
border.
C .On the east coast D. In the Rockies.
( )27. What is the economic mainstay of British Columbia?
A. The forestry industry.
B. The hydroelectric
industry.
C. Mining industry.
D. Manufacturing industry. ( )28. Which of the following is NOT one of the prairie provinces?
A. Alberta.
B. Saskatchewan.
C. New Brunswick.
D. Manitoba.
( )29. What is the other official language besides English in Canada?
A. German.
B. Japanese.
C. French. .
D. Finnish.
( )30. In the late 19th century, Chinese labourers came to Canada to .
A. work as farmers and miners
B. build the railroad
C. do fur trade
D. open shops
( )31. Which of the following group would fit easily into Canada according to the Canadian policy
makers?
A. Britons.
B. Japanese.
C. Ukranians.
D. Mexicans.
( )32. According to the text, when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbour in 1941, who considered the Japanese population in the west coast of North
America a potential security threat?
A. The federal government of Canada.
B. The local governments in Canada.
C. The United Nations.
D. Amnesty International.
( )33. In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak _ .
A. English
B. French
C. Mandarin Chinese
D. Cantonese
三Fill in the blank:
1. New Zealand is in the _______________ Ocean. _____________ is its nearest
large neighbor.
2. Seasons in New Zealand are opposite to the __________ hemisphere, with the
highest
temperature in the months of January and February and the lowest
temperature in the
month of______________.
3. There had been no __________ except bats in New Zealand until about 1000 years ago.
However, some remarkable species of flightless birds had occupied the land and some of
them have survived to this day. Among them is _____________, the bird that has given New
Zealanders their name since it is the national symbol of the country. 4. The official languages in New Zealand are__________________, _____________
and
New Zealand Sign Language.
5, New Zealand's long ___________ from other landmasses has made possible the evolution
of unique flora and fauna.
6. "WASP" stands for _______________.
7. The Great Awakening of the 1740s tried to breathe new feeling and strength
into religion,
and.cut across the lines of _______________.
8. According to John Locke, the right to govern comes from an agreement or
______________
voluntarily entered into by free people.
9．_____________believes that reason teaches that God exists but leaves man free to settle his
own affairs.
10. The majority of the Catholics in the US are descendants of immigrants from
____________,
_____________________________ and Poland.
11._________________and ____________are the two major writers of the
post-Revolutionary period.
12. "The Masque of the Red Death" and "The Fall of the House of Usher" were
stories written
by __________________.
13. In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel
titled
_______________________ , which intensified the political debate on slavery.
14. Mark Twain's ________________is considered the greatest novel in American
literature.
15.Upton Sinclair's novel __________________exposed the horrible lives of
meat-packing factory workers.
16. Canada consists of _________________ provinces and ____________________
territories. But most
Canadians live in the south of the country, along the 49th parallel.
17. Canada is quite a new country, it first became a political entity
in___________________ when four
provinces -- Quebec, Ontario; ______________ and Nova Scotia joined together.
18. Canada's motto is that the country stretches "from sea to sea", with the
________________ Ocean
on the west coast and the ________________ Ocean on the east coast. 19. Canada and the United States have good relations, and they share the
longest ____________________in
the world.
20. In the north of Canada, during the height of summer the sun does not set,
therefore it is sometimes
called __________________.
21. Canada preferred to establish a nation based on________________,____________________ and good government .
22. Canada's political system was greatly influenced by the two major foreign forces:___________________________
And __________________________.
23. Most of the Canadian population is concentrated in
_______________________ and Quebec, which have the most seats and therefore have the most power in_________________________.
24. Canada's system of government was based on the British system of
parliamentary democracy. The Canadian Parliament is divided into a lower house named _________________________and ,an upper house called_____________________.
25 The official head of Canada is________________________. As she doesn't live in Canada, she is represented
by an official called ____________.
四．Tell what you know about the following in your own words:
1. The North Island
2. George Washington
3. A federal system
4. Mark Twain
5. The civil rights movement
6. The WWW
7. The Cold War 8.Central Canada
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