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雅思口语话题Part1工作教师版

雅思口语话题Part1工作教师版
雅思口语话题Part1工作教师版

IELTS备考资料雅思口语话题之工作教师版

1.职业术语occupational/professional terms

编辑 editor ['ed?t?]

编剧 playwriter, screenwriter

裁缝 tailor ['te?l?]

出纳员 cashier [k?'???]

出租汽车司机 taxi driver

厨师 cook

厨师长(大厨师) chef [?ef]

船长 captain

打字员 typist['ta?p?st]

导演 director

导游 tourist guide

电工 electrician[,?lek'tr???n]

调酒师 bartender ['bɑ?tend?]

短期/临时工作temporary/odd job['temp?r?r?]

法官 judge

翻译 translator [tr?ns'le?t?], interpreter[?n't??pr?t?]口译歌手 singer

个体户 individual enterprise [,?nd?'v?d?u?l'ent?pra?z]

工程师 engineer[end??'n??]

公务员 civil servant['s?v(?)l's??v(?)nt]

海员,水手seaman['si?m?n], sailor['se?l?]护士 nurse

话务员(接线生)operator

会计 accountant[?'ka?nt?nt]

机械师(技工,机修工) mechanic[m?'k?n?k]

计算机系统分析员 computer systems analyst['?n?l?st]记者 journalist['d???n?l?st] ,reporter

兼职 part-time job

建筑师 architect['ɑ?k?tekt]

警察 policeman

理发师 hair-dresser, barber['bɑ?b?]

律师 lawyer,barrister['b?r?st?]

秘书 secretary

模特儿 model

内科医生 physician[f?'z???n]

男售货员 salesman

女售货员 salesgirl, saleswoman

人力资源经理 human resources manager

设计师 designer

摄影师 cameraman['k?mr?m?n] photographer [f?'t?gr?f?]

失业 lay-off

时装设计师 fashion designer

跳槽 job-hopping ['d??bh?pi?]

土木工程师 civil engineer

外科医生 surgeon['s??d??n]

小说家 novelist['n?v?l?st]

修理工 repairman

牙医 dentist

药剂师 pharmacist['fɑ?m?s?st]

银行职员 bank clerk

职业 job, vocation, profession

职员,文员 office clerk

助理工程师 assistant engineer

自由工作者 freelancer['fri?lɑ?(?) ns?]

作家 writer

作曲家 composer[k?m'p??z?]

舞蹈演员 dancer

运动员 athlete['?θli?t]

2..惯用口语句子:

What do you do?= What's your occupation?= What are you?

你是做什么工作的?

occupation [?kj?'pe??(?)n]n. profession[pr?'fe?(?)n] vocation[v?(?)'ke??(?)n]职业

Can yon tell me a little about what you've done in the past?

你能说说你过去做过的工作吗?

What did you do for a living?

你以前是干什么谋生的?

He has got a temporary job.

他找到了一份临时工作。

She works in the office as a temporary.

她在办公室里做临时雇员。

temporary['temp(?)r?r?] a. occasional[?'ke??(?)n(?)l]临时的,暂时的 n. 临

时工,临时雇员

Is your job part-time or full-time?

你做的工作是兼职的还是全职的?

Don't you want to get a stable job?

你不想找份稳定的工作吗?

stable['ste?b(?)l] a. steady['sted?]稳定的

I have to work overtime every day.

我不得不每天都加班。

We are not paid extra for overtime.

我们加班没有加班费。

I have to work for 13 hours a day, too tired.

我每天都得工作13个小时,太累了。

overtime ['??v?ta?m]ad. 超过地,加班地 n. extra work 加班,加班时间We have to work flat out to get the job done.

我们必须尽全力把工作完成。

We have to stay up late to get the job finished.

我们必须熬夜把工作完成。

flat out: teeth and nail, break one's neck, with all one's might “竭尽全力地,全力以赴地”

nail[ne?l] n. [解剖] 指甲;钉子might [ma?t] n. physical strength, power, force 力量;威力;势力

This job is demanding, but very interesting.

这个工作要求很高,但是很有趣。

demanding [d?'mɑ?nd??] a. 苛刻的,要求高的

I find my job extremely boring.

我觉得我的工作极度枯燥。

extremely [?k'stri?ml? ]ad. very 极端地,极其,非常

It's hard work, but stimulating.

这是一份辛苦但是刺激的工作。

It's hard but very challenging.

(工作)辛苦但是很有挑战性。

stimulating ['st?mj?le?t??] a. exciting刺激的,有刺激性的

challenging ['t??l?n(d)???] a. 有挑战性的

Changing jobs frequently is not good for your career growth.

频繁换工作对你的职业发展不好。

frequently ['frikw?ntli] ad. continually [k?n't?nj??l?]频繁地

career [k?'r??] n. cause [k??z] /enterprise ['ent?pra?z]事业

It's really hard to find a good job now.

现在好工作太难找了。

I decide to start my own business.

我决定开始自己做生意。

I think I won't be unemployed so long as I work hard.

我想我只要努力工作,就不会失业的。

unemployed [,?n?m'pl??d] a. jobless ['d??bl?s] / workless /on the beach失业的,无工作的

3详细解说

1) “I hope it hasn't been filled yet.”中的“fill”意为“填补(空缺)”,常见的结构为:fill a post/position/vacancy.意思是“填补职位/空缺”,例如:Women fill 35% of senior management positions.

妇女占了35%的高级管理职位。

Thank you for your letter. Unfortunately, the vacancy has already been filled.谢谢你的来信。但遗憾的是,这个职位空缺已经有人填补了。

2) “turn up“的意思是“appear [?'p??], emerge [?'m??d?]出现,发生”。They finally turned up at nearly midnight.

他们终于在近午夜时出现了。

4.文化洗礼

美国人的嗜好:加班

谈到工作,欧洲人普遍认为,美国人太“工作狂”(workaholic[w??k??h?l?k]),用工作替代休闲是在“作傻”(to be a fool)。事实确实也是如此,美国人热衷于加班(work overtime)。比如说教师这一职业,拥有10年教龄的美国中学教师平均年薪(yearly salary)4万美元,高于欧洲的3万美元,但这正是由于美国教师工作时间比欧洲多了近1/3而打拼出来的。不过,问题的另一面是,美国社会竞争之激烈,是不在美国生活就很难想象出来的。美国法律(law)规定加班工作时能够取得基本工资1.5倍的加班费,而时时担忧“稍不留神”就有可能被划人“穷人”阶层的普通人(包括那些所谓的中产阶级),绝不会放弃任何赚钱的机会。纽约州审计长办公室曾评出2004年州政府雇员加班冠军,冠军得主名为罗伯特·亨利,他当年在基本薪酬(5万美元)以外获得的加班收入竟高达9万美元。

5. 雅思口语话题范例:Job

1. What jobs are more suited to older people and what jobs are more suited to younger people?

In China, for the older generation social work such as guarding the local neighborhood and babysitting children is really popular. Most people

who do this kind of work are around fifty-five years old or more, and most of them are well educated. They have so much experience in their life, so they know how to do social work better than those who have less life-experience under their belt. As for the younger generation they get more employment opportunities, and it seems more challenging for them as well. As the hi-tech industry is growing really fast, younger people can get all the latest information on the internet. This gives them the skills needed to thrive in more creative jobs that require a lot of adaptability. This includes things like inventing network languages, designing modern houses, and trying to figure out how to make life much colorful and better.

在中国, 老一代/辈保护当地社区等社会工作和照顾孩子是很受欢迎的。大多数人做这种工作大约有55岁或以上,他们中的大部分人都受过良好教育。他们有这么多的生活经验,所以比那些有更少的生活经验的人们,他们知道如何把社会工作做得更好。至于年轻一代, 他们获得更多的就业机会,对他们而言也似乎更具挑战性。随着高新技术产业迅速发展,年轻人可以在互联网上获得所有的最新信息。这赋予了他们在适应更多创造性工作中能从容应对的技能。这包括发明网络语言,设计现代的房子,并试图弄清楚如何使生活更丰富多彩和更美好。

【高分表达】

the older/younger generation 老一代/辈;年轻一代

guarding the local neighborhood保护当地社区

babysitting children照顾孩子

be well educated受到良好的教育

under one's belt在以往的经历中,被自己记住(或获得、赢得、掌握、经历过);为…所有;(食物)被吃进自己肚子里; (酒或其他饮料)被喝掉thrive [θra?v] vi. cope/deal with从容应对 (尤指别人不喜欢或认为困难的事);繁荣,兴旺;茁壮成长

adaptability[?,d?pt?'b?l?t?] n. flexibility [,fl?ks?'b?l?ti]适应性;可变性;适合性

inventing network languages发明网络语言

designing modern houses设计现代的房子

try/attempt to do sth. make an attempt to do sth.; take a shot at doing sth. [?'tempt]试图(着)/设法去做某事

figure out: find out; make it clear that; make sure that弄清楚;解决;算出;想出;理解;断定

2. Do you think people should be promoted at work because they’ve given many years of service to the company or do you think that people

should only be promoted based on their performance at work?

It’s my opinion that promotions should be based on merit only. It is not right to reward people just for being moderately competent at their job. Unless they show that they are motivated and skilled enough to do more challenging work then there is no reason to promote them. If people are promoted merely because they have worked at a company for a long time then there is no incentive for them to work hard; they just have to avoid failing rather than strive to do better. Perhaps people who have given many years service to their employer can be rewarded with bonus pay or additional benefits like pensions, but it’s foolish to give jobs to people who aren’t the best qualified to perform them.

这是我的意见,晋升应基于功绩。奖励工作能力平庸的人,这是不正确的。除非他们表明他们是积极的,足够熟练的做更多具有挑战性的工作,那么没有理由去促进他们。如果人们仅仅是因为他们在一家公司工作了很长一段时间,那么他们就没有激励他们努力工作的动机,他们只是为了避免失败而不是努力去做更好的工作。也许是那些多年来为他们的雇主服务的人可以得到奖金或额外的福利,如养老金,但它是愚蠢的,给那些没有最好资格履行他们的人提供工作。

【高分表达】

promotion [pr?'m???n] n. 提/ 晋升;推销,促销/进;发扬,振兴

merit ['mer?t] n. 优点,价值;功绩;功过

reward sb for sth[r?'w??d] 因某事奖励某人

be rewarded with得到...的奖赏/励

moderately ['m?d(?)r?tl?] adv. 适度地;中庸地;有节制地

competent ['k?mp?t(?)nt] adj. 胜任的;有能力的;能干的;足够的motivated ['mot?vet?d] adj. 有动机的;有积极性的

challenging ['t??l?nd???] adj.(具有)挑战(性)的

incentive [?n'sent?v] n. motivation [m??t?'ve???n]动机;刺激

avoid failing/failure避免失败

rather than:instead of而不是

strive to do [stra?v]: try to do, make an effort to do努力去做

bonus( pay) ['b??n?s] 奖金

additional benefits额外的福利

pension['pen?(?)n] n. 养老/退休/抚恤金;津贴;膳宿费

qualified ['kw?l?fa?d] adj. 合格的;有资格的

perform [p?'f??m] vt. carry out/ fulfil [f?l'f?l]履行;执行;完成;演奏

give jobs to sb. 提供工作/就业机会

3. What is the usual retirement age for people in China?

The legal retirement age is sixty for men and fifty-five for most women. This is in line with most industrialized nations. It may have to be raised in the future as more and more people retire and want to claim pension benefits. Indeed, for many state-owned jobs the retirement age is more like fifty or fifty-five in order to make way for younger generations of graduates. The reasoning behind this is that the younger workers will be more highly qualified and better able to perform at their jobs. Some people say that a high retirement age is a bad thing because it can take jobs away from people entering the workplace. They argue that it’s unfair for a young person to be unemployed because an old person is taking their job.

法定退休年龄为男性六十岁,女性五十五。这与大多数工业化国家是一致的。由于越来越多的人退休并且希望领取养老金,未来退休年龄不得不被提高。事实上,对于许多国有企业的工作退休年龄更像是五十或五十五,为了让位给年轻一代的毕业生。这背后的原因是,年轻的工人将有更高的素质,并能够更好地执行他们的工作。有人说,高的退休年龄是一件坏事,因为它能抢走步入职场/就业的人的饭碗。他们认为,一个年轻人失业是不公平的,因为一个老人在接受他们的工作。

【高分表达】

in line with: in accordance/agreement with [?'k??d(?)ns]与…一致;符合industrialized nations [?n'd?str??la?zd] 工业化国家

take jobs away from sb. 抢走某人的饭碗,取代某人的职位

people entering the workplace步入职场/就业的人

state-owned jobs国有企业的工作

make way for让位给;让路;为…开路;腾出地方

younger generations of graduates年轻一代的毕业生

highly qualified高素质

to be unemployed失业

4. If someone who is older than the retirement age wants to and is able to continue working, is he or she allowed to do that?

Yes, they are. In some schools and hospitals, some really famous teachers or doctors continue working even though they already passed the retirement age. They are re-hired by the school or the hospital again because of their fame and expertise. I think that it’s a good thing to do that, because it not only helps the school or the hospital but also lets the new

teachers or doctors watch how they do their job and learn from people more skilled than they are. Of course, old people don’t have to continue working past the retirement age. Many people enjoy a relaxing retirement. For some people though, work is a way of life and they don’t want to lose it.

是的,它们是。在一些学校和医院,一些真正的著名的教师或医生继续工作,即使他们已经过了退休年龄。他们是由学校或医院重新聘请,因为他们的名声和专业知识。我认为这是一个很好的事情,因为它不仅帮助学校或医院,但也让新的教师或医生观察他们如何做他们的工作和学习的人比他们更熟练。当然,老年人不需要超过退休年龄继续工作。许多人都享受放松的退休生活。对一些人来说,工作是一种生活方式,他们不想失去它。

【高分表达】

even though即使

pass /past the retirement age 过了退休年龄

be re-hired by由…重新聘请

fame[fe?m] n. reputation [repj?'te???n]n名声,名望

expertise [,eksp??'ti?z] n. 专门知识/技术;专业知识

enjoy a relaxing retirement享受放松的退休生活

a way/form of life一种生活方式

5.Do you think it’s very important for people to do a job that they like? Um… no. It’s hard for everyone to find a satisfactory job, as people may not have the ability or talent to do what they like. They have to make a living or fulfill the expectation of their parents.

不是。并不是所有人都能找到一份满意的工作,因为人们可能没有能力或天赋去做他们喜欢的工作。他们必须谋生或满足父母的期望。【高分表达】

satisfactory[s?t?s'f?kt(?)r?] adj. satisfying['s?t?sfa???]/ approving[?'pruv??]/ content[k?n'tent] /well-pleasing满意的

find a satisfactory job找到一份满意的工作

talent['t?l?nt] n. gift天资/赋;才能;天才

have the ability or talent to do有能力或天赋去做

make/earn a living谋生

expectation [ekspek'te???n] n. 期待;预期;指望

fulfill/meet the expectation of one’s parents满足父母的期望

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