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新视野大学英语第三版4课文翻译

新视野大学英语第三版4课文翻译
新视野大学英语第三版4课文翻译

名气之尾

艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。

对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!”他们的担心不无道理。追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。

成名者之所以成名,大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长,并能形成自己的风格。为了能迅速走红,经纪人会极力吹捧他们的这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。他们究竟是怎么成功的,大多数人也都说不上来。尽管如此,艺术家仍然不能闲下来。若表演者、画家或作家感到厌烦,他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力,也就难以保持公众的注意力。公众的热情消磨以后,就会去追捧下一个走红的人。有些艺术家为了不落伍,会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动,但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。

知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来,如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节安排、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。同样,像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家,希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革,这让他们名利双收,但也让他们付出了代价,那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。

名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿,过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你,而不是真实的你或是可能的你。艺人,就像政客一样,必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。

一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井,因此一个艺术家若能保持真我,会格外让人惊叹。你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协,却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜。一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡·王尔德,他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对,却依然故我,他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。在一次宴会上,他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面,指责他在性方面影响了她的儿子。他听了她的话以后大为光火,起诉了这个年轻人的母亲,声称她毁了自己的“好”名声。但是,他真该请一个更好的律师。结果是,法官不仅不支持他提出的让这个女人赔偿他名誉损失费的请求,反而对他本人进行了罚款。他由于拒交罚款最终还被送进了监狱。更糟糕的是,他再也无法获得更多公众的宠爱。在最糟糕的时候,他发现没有一个人愿意拿自己的名声冒险来替他说话。为保持真我,他付出的代价是,在最需要崇拜者时,谁也不理他。

奇怪的是,收获最大的恰恰是失败者。他们收获了自由!他们可以自由地表达,独辟蹊径,不落窠臼,不用担心失去崇拜者的支持。失败的艺术家寻求安慰时,可以想想许多伟大的艺术家都是过世多年以后才成名,或是他们没有出卖自己。他们也可以为自己的失败辩解:自己的才华实在过于高深,不是当代听众或观众所理解得了的。

那些失败了却仍不肯放弃的顽固派也许会乐于知道,某些名人曾经如何越挫越勇,直至成功。美国小说家托马斯·伍尔芙的第一本小说《向家乡看吧,安琪儿》被拒39次后,才最终得以出版。贝多芬战胜了父亲认为他毫无音乐家潜质的偏见,成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。19世纪瑞士著名教育家裴斯泰洛齐原先干的工作没有一件成功,直到他想到去教小孩子,并研究出一种新型教育模式的基础理论。托马斯·爱迪生在四年级时被赶出了学校,因为老师觉得他似乎太迟钝。但不幸的是,对大多数人而言,失败是奋斗的结束,而不是开始。

对那些孤注一掷的追名逐利之徒,我要说:祝你们好运。但是,遗憾的是,你会发现这不是你想得到的。狗自逐其尾所得到的只是一条尾巴而已。获得成功的人常常发现成功对他

来说弊大于利。所以要为真实的你、为自己的所为感到高兴,而不是拼命去获得成功。做那些你为之感到骄傲的事情。可能在有生之年你默默无闻,但你可能创作了更好的艺术。

渴望新的福利制度

人人都觉得福利救济对象是在骗人。当我认识的许多坐轮椅的人面临与宠物猫分吃生猫食的窘境时,都会向福利机构多骗取一些钱。为了能领到一点额外的福利款,他们告诉政府说他们实际上少拿了200美元的养老金,或告诉社会工作者,说房东又将房租涨了100美元。

我选择了过一种完全诚实的生活,因此我不会那样做,而是四处找活,揽些画漫画的活。我甚至还告诉福利机构我赚了多少钱!哦,私下里领一笔钱当然对我挺有吸引力,但即使我挡不住这种诱惑,我投稿的那些大杂志也不会去给自己惹麻烦。他们会保留我的记录,而这些记录会直接进入政府的电脑。真是态度鲜明,毫不含糊。

作为一名福利救济对象,我必须在社会工作者面前卑躬屈膝。社会工作者心里知道,许多救济对象在欺骗他们,因此他们觉得,作为补偿,他们有权让救济对象向他们点头哈腰。我并不是故意感到忿忿不平。大多数社会工作者刚开始时都是些大学毕业生,有理想,而且思想开明。可是,在这个实际上是要人撒谎的体制里干了几年后,他们就变得与那个叫“苏珊娜”的人一样了——一个穿运动短裤的侦探。

去年圣诞节过后不久,苏珊娜到我家来了解情况,看到墙上贴着新的宣传画,便想知道:“你从哪儿弄到钱来买这些?”

“从朋友和家人那儿。”

“那么,你最好要张收据,真的,你接受任何捐献或礼物都要报告。”

她这是在暗示我:得哀求她了。但是我却将她顶了回去。“那天在马路上有人给我一根

烟,我也得报告吗?”

“对不起,卡拉汉先生,可是规定不是我制订的。”

苏珊娜试图就修理轮椅的问题训斥我。由于福利部门不愿意花钱好好地修理,所以它总是坏。“您是知道的,卡拉汉先生,我听说您的那辆轮椅比一般人用得多得多。”

我当然用得多,我是个工作很积极的人,又不是植物人。我住在闹市区附近,可以坐着轮椅到处走走。我真想知道如果她突然摔坏臀部,不得不爬着去上班时,会是什么感受。

政府削减福利开支已经导致许多人挨饿受苦,我只是其中之一。但它对脊柱伤残的人的影响更为突出:政府已经不管我们的轮椅了。每次我的轮椅出问题,掉了螺丝,需要换个新轴承,或刹车不灵时,我都打电话给苏珊娜,但每次都要挨训。她最后总会说:“好吧,如果今天我能抽出时间的话,我会找医务人员的。”

她该通知医务人员,由医务人员来确认问题确实存在,然后打电话给各家轮椅维修公司,拿到最低的报价。接着医务人员就通知州政府的福利总部,他们再花几天时间考虑这件事。而这期间我只能躺在床上,动弹不得。最后,如果我幸运的话,他们会给我回电话,同意维修。

当福利部门获悉我画漫画赚钱时,苏珊娜就开始每两个星期“拜访”我一次,而不再是每两个月一次了。她寻遍每个角落,想找出我未上报的电器,或者是女仆、烤炉里的烤猪、停在房后新买的直升飞机什么的。她从来都是一无所获,但最后我总要填厚厚的一叠表格,说明每一分钱的来历。

当福利部门获悉我画漫画赚钱时,苏珊娜就开始每两个星期“拜访”我一次,而不再是每两个月一次了。她寻遍每个角落,想找出我未上报的电器,或者是女仆、烤炉里的烤猪、停在房后新买的直升飞机什么的。她从来都是一无所获,但最后我总要填厚厚的一叠表格,说明每一分钱的来历。

真需要有一位律师来捍卫福利救济对象的权利,因为这一福利体制不仅容易使福利提供者滥用权力,也很容易使救济对象滥用权力。前几天,由于药剂师说我使用的医疗用品超出常量,于是福利部门派苏珊娜到我的住所调查。我确实多用了,因为外科手术中切的排尿孔的大小改变了,尿袋的连接处发生渗漏。

她正做着记录,我家的电话铃响了。苏珊娜接听了电话,是一位州议员打来的,这使她慌了一下。数以千计像我这样的福利救济对象,如果允许的话,可以慢慢地负担自己的一部分甚至全部生活费用,对此,我要不要在州政府的委员会里尝试着做点儿什么呢?

还用说吗?我当然要!总有一天,像我这样的福利救济对象将在一种新的福利制度下过上好日子,这种制度不会千方百计证明福利救济对象在欺骗,而是要鼓励他们自立。他们将能自由地、毫无愧疚、毫不担忧地发挥他们的才干,或拥有一份稳定的好工作。

选择独处

事实如此,我们孤独无依地生活着。据最近的统计,共有2,200万人独自生活在自己的住所里。其中有些人喜欢这种生活,有些却不喜欢。有些离了婚,有些鳏寡无伴,也有些从未结过婚。

孤独或许是这里的一种民族弊病,我们羞于承认它,甚于其他任何罪恶。而另一方面,刻意选择独处,拒绝别人的陪伴而非为同伴所弃,却是美国式英雄的一个特点。孤独的猎人或探险者去鹿群和狼群中冒险,征服广袤的荒野时,并不需要有人陪伴。梭罗独居在湖畔的小屋,有意疏离城市生活。现在,你应有这样的个性。

独处的灵感是诗人和哲学家们最有用的东西。他们都赞成独处,都因能够独处而自视甚高,至少在他们匆忙赶回家喝茶之前的一两个小时之内是这样。

就拿多萝西·华兹华斯来说吧,她帮哥哥威廉穿上外衣,为他找到笔记本和铅笔,向他

挥手告别,目送他走进早春的阳光去独自对花沉思。他写道:“独处多么优雅、惬意。”

毫无疑问,如果自愿独处,感觉要好得多。

看看弥尔顿的女儿们:她们为他准备好垫子和毯子,然后蹑手蹑脚地走开,以便他能创作诗歌。然而他并不自己费神将诗歌写下来,而是唤回女儿们,向她们口述,由她们记下来。

也许你已经注意到,这些艺术家类型的人,大多是到户外独处,而家里则自有亲人备好了热茶,等着他们回家。

美国的独处代表人物是梭罗。我们钦佩他,并非因为他能自力更生,而是因为他孤身一人在瓦尔登湖畔生活,他喜欢这样——独居在湖畔的树林中。

实际上,他最近的邻居离他只有一英里,走路也就20分钟;铁路离他半英里;交通繁忙的大路距他300码。整天都有人进出他的小屋,请教他何以能够如此高洁。显然,他的高洁之处主要在于:他既没有妻子也没有仆人,自己动手用斧头砍柴,自己清洗杯碟。我不知道谁为他洗衣服,他没说,但他也肯定没提是他自己洗。听听他是怎么说的:“我从未发现比独处更好的伙伴。”

梭罗以自尊自重为伴。也许这里的启示是:自我意识越强,就越不需要其他的人在周围。我们越是感觉谦卑,就越受孤独的折磨,感到仅与自己相处远远不够。

若与别人同住,他们的小别会使你感到耳目一新。孤独将会于星期四结束。如果今天我提到自己时使用的是单数人称代词,那么下星期我就会使用复数形式。其他人不在的时候,你可以放飞自己的灵魂,让它充满整个房间。你可以充分享受自由,随意来去而无需道歉。你可以熬夜读书、大泡浴缸、一口气吃掉整整一品脱的冰淇淋。你可以按自己的节奏行动。暂别的人会回来。他们的冬季防水大衣还放在衣橱里,狗也在窗边密切留意他们归来的身影。但如果你单独居住,那么朋友或熟人的暂时离别会使你感到空虚,也许他们永远也不会回来了。

孤独的感觉时起时落,但我们却永远需要与人交谈。这比需要倾听更重要。噢,我们都有朋友,可以把大事要事向他们倾诉。我们可以打电话对朋友说我们丢了工作,或者说我们在湿滑的地板上摔倒了,摔断了胳膊。每日不断的琐碎抱怨,对各种事情的看法和意见,积在那儿,塞满了我们的心。我们不会真打电话给一位朋友,说我们收到了姐姐的一个包裹,或者说现在天黑得比较早,或者说我们不信任最高法院新来的法官。

科学调查表明,独居的人会对着自己、对着宠物、对着电视机唠叨不休。我们问猫儿今天该穿蓝色套装还是黄色裙装,问鹦鹉今天晚餐该做牛排还是面条。我们跟自己争论那个花样滑冰选手和这个滑雪运动员到底谁更了不起。这没什么不妥,也对我们有好处,而且不像有些人那么令人尴尬:在超市付款处,排在前面的女人告诉收银员,她的侄女梅利莎星期六可能会来看她。梅莉莎非常喜欢热巧克力,所以她买了速溶热巧克力粉,虽然她自己从来不喝这东西。

重要的是保持理性。

重要的是不再等待,而是安顿下来,使自己过得舒服,至少暂时要这样。要在我们自身的条件下发现一些优雅和乐趣,不要做一个以自我为中心的英国诗人,而要像一个被关在塔楼里的公主,耐心地等待着我们的童话故事迎来快乐的结局。

毕竟,事已至此,这或许不是我们所期望的局面,但眼下我们不妨称之为家吧。不管怎么说,没有什么地方比家更好。

对人种遗传学的研究

《人类基因的历史与地理分布》尽管不是严格意义上的畅销书,却是一本汇集了50 多年人类遗传学方面研究成果的好书。它对人类在基因层面上的差异作了迄今为止最为广泛的调查。得出了明确的结论:如果不考虑影响肤色、身高等表面特征的基因,不同的“种族”

在外表之下相似得令人吃惊。个体之间的差异远远大于群体之间的差异。实际上,那种认为某一种群比另一种群的基因更优越的理论是毫无科学根据的。

然而,此书还不仅仅是对目前的种族偏见理论的反驳。这一项目的主要倡导者,斯坦福大学教授路卡·卡瓦里-斯福尔扎,与同事一起经过16年的努力,绘制了这一世界上首幅人类基因分布图谱。此书的一大特点是提供了500 多幅图,显示了相同的遗传基因所处的区域,这很像其他地图上用同样的颜色标示同样海拔高度的地区。通过测定当前人类种群间的亲缘关系,作者们勾绘了地球上早期人类迁徙的路线。他们的研究结果相当于一份全球家谱。

他们在人类血液中找到了绘制这一家谱所需的信息:不同的蛋白质就是显示一个人的基因构成的标志。作者们利用几十年来科学家们收集的数据,汇编成了近2,000个群体中成千上万个个体的数据图。为了确保种群的“纯正” ,这项研究将对象限定于自1492年起,即欧洲最初的大规模迁徙之前就一直居住在现生活区域的那些群体。这实际上就是一幅哥伦布驶向美洲时期的世界人口基因分布图。

采集血样,特别是到偏远地区的古老人群中收集血样,并非总是易事。潜在的供血者通常不敢合作,或存在宗教上的担心。有一次在非洲农村,正当卡瓦里-斯福尔扎要从儿童身上采血时,一个愤怒的村民手执斧头出现在他面前。这位科学家回忆道: “我记得他说, ‘如果你从孩子们身上抽血,我就要放你的血。’ 那个人是担心我们可能用这些血来施魔法。”

尽管有困难,科学家们还是取得了一些引人注目的发现。其中之一就醒目地印在此书封面上:人类基因变异彩图表明,非洲与澳洲分别位于变化范围的两端。因为澳洲土著和非洲黑人之间有一些共同的外表特征,如肤色、体型等,所以被普遍认为有密切的亲缘关系。但是他们的基因却表明并非如此。在所有人种中,澳洲人与非洲人的关系最远,而与其邻居东南亚人非常接近。我们所看到的人种差异,例如欧洲人与非洲人的差异,主要是人类从一个大陆向另一个大陆迁徙时为适应气候所产生的。

结合对远古人骨的研究,这一图谱证实了非洲是人类的诞生地,因而也是人类迁徙的始发地。这些发现,再加上现代非洲人与非非洲人之间的巨大基因差异,说明了从非洲种群开始的分支是人类家谱上最早的分支。

这一基因分布图谱对长期以来困扰着科学家的人种起源问题也做出了新的解释。南部非洲的科伊桑人就是一个例子。很多科学家认为科伊桑人是一个独立的非常古老的人种。他们语言中那种独特的短促而清脆的声音使得一些研究者认为科伊桑人是最原始的人类祖先的直系后裔。然而他们的基因却表明情况并非如此。基因研究表明科伊桑人可能是古代西亚人与非洲黑人的混血。图谱上显示的遗传轨迹表明这一混血人种的发源地可能在埃塞俄比亚或中东地区。

法国和西班牙的巴斯克人是人类家谱图上欧洲人分支的最特殊的成员。他们有几组少见的基因类型,包括一种罕见血型的发生率在巴斯克人中也是最高的。他们的语言起源不明,也无法被归入任何标准的类别。他们居住的地区紧挨着发现早期欧洲人壁画的几个著名的洞穴这一事实使卡瓦里-斯福尔扎得出这样的结论:“在欧洲最早的近代人中,巴斯克人极有可能与克罗马努人关系最直接。”人们认为所有的欧洲人都是混合人种,有65% 的亚洲人基因,35% 的非洲人基因。

除了揭示人种的起源以外,基因信息对医学界来说也是最新资料。医学界希望能用人类脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)制成特别的蛋白质,这些蛋白质可能具有某种抗病药物的价值。保护土著人权益的活动家们担心科学家可能会利用土著人:从当地人血样中提取的基因物质可被用于商业目的,而DNA 提供者却不会获得足够的报酬。

卡瓦里-斯福尔扎强调,他的工作不仅有科学意义,而且也有社会意义。他说研究的最终目的是“削弱” 造成种族偏见的“传统的种族观念” 。他希望这一目的会得到一直为同样目的进行抗争的土著民族的接受。

新视野大学英语4第二版课文翻译

Unit 1 Section A 艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。 对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢~”他们的担心不无道理。 追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。 尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。 成名者之所以成名,大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长,并能形成自己的风格。 为了能迅速走红,代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。他们究竟是怎么成功的,大多数人也都说不上来。 尽管如此,艺术家仍然不能闲下来。 若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊,他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力,也就难以保持公众的注意力。 公众的热情消磨以后,就会去追捧下一个走红的人。 有些艺术家为了不落伍,会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动,但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。 公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。 知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来,如田纳西?威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特?海明威的情节安排、罗伯特?弗罗斯特或 T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。

同样,像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家,希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。 他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革,这让他们名利双收,但也让他们付出了代价,那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。 名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿,过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。 它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你,而不是真实的你或是可能的你。艺人,就像政客一样,必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。 一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井,因此一个艺术家若能保持真我,会格外让人惊叹。 你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协,却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜。 一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡?王尔德,他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对,却依然故我,他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。在一次宴会上,他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面,指责他在性方面影响了她的儿子。 他听了她的话以后大为光火,起诉了这个年轻人的母亲,声称她毁了自己的“好”名声。但是,他真该请一个更好的律师。 结果是,法官不仅不支持他提出的让这个女人赔偿他名声损失费的请求,反而对他本人进行了罚款。 他由于拒交罚款最终还被送进了监狱。更糟糕的是,他再也无法获得更多公众的宠爱。在最糟糕的时候,他发现没有一个人愿意拿自己的名声冒险来替他说话。

新视野大学英语四翻译

第一单元 The Doctrine of the Mean is the core ofConfucianism. The so-called “mean” by Confuciusdoesn’t mean “compromise” but a “moderate”and “just-right” way when understanding andhandling objective things. Confucius advocatedthat this thought should not only be treated as away to understand and deal with things but alsobe integrated into one’s daily conduct to makeit a virtue through self-cultivation and training. The Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core ofConfucianism but also an important componentof traditional Chinese culture. From the time itcame into being to the present, it has played aninvaluable role in the construction of nationalspirit, the transmission of national wisdom, and the development of national culture. 中庸思想是儒家思想的重要内容。孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中”,而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待,而且还通过自身修养和锻炼,把它融入自己的日常行为当中,使之成为一种美德。中庸思想是儒家思想的

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新视野大学英语翻译答案 Unit 1 一. 汉译英 1.对于网络课程,学生不仅可以选择何时何地学习,在回答问题 之前他们还可以有时间思考答案。 Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2.网上学习的想法使她非常兴奋,而他认为网上学习毫无疑义和 用处。 She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3.与以英语为母语的人交谈是非常有益的体验,从中我们能学到 许多东西。 Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4.如今,越来越多的人可以利用互联网查找他们需要的信息。 Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5.他要她放弃工作在家照顾孩子,但是她觉得这个要求太过分 了。 He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6.既然我们已经学完这门课程,就应该多做些复习。 Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. 二. 英译汉 1.I’ll never forget the teacher who showed me that learning a foreign language could be fun and rewarding. Were it not for him, I would not be able to speak English as well as I do now. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师,是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有 价值的。如果没有他,我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。 2.No other language lets you experience the cultures of the world like English. With a strong knowledge of the English language, you can have wonderful cultural adventures

最新新视野大学英语读写教程第四册(第二版)课文翻译uint-1

Unit 1 An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it. 艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。 The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction. 成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。 "Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed. 对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!”他们的担心不无道理。 The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt. 追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。 Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on. 尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。 The lure of drowning in fame's imperial glory is not easily resisted. 享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。 Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of exploiting their talent for singing, dancing,

新视野大学英语4读写教程翻译

一、 1.这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。(otherthan) Theplantdoesnotgrowwellinsoilsotherthantheoneinwhichithasbeendeveloped. 2.研究结果表明,无论我们白天做了什么事情,晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。(mayhavedone) Researchfindingsshowthatwespendabouttwohoursdreamingeverynight,nomatterwhatwemayhav edoneduringtheday. 3.有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力,以此来为自己的失败辩护。(justifysth.by) Somepeopletendtojustifytheirfailurebyblamingothersfornottryingtheirbest. 4.我们忠于我们的承诺:凡是答应做的,我们都会做到。(remaintrueto) Weremaintruetoourcommitment:Whateverwepromisedtodo,wewoulddoit. 5.连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此,他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。(discount;betrueof) EvenBeethoven'sfatherdiscountedthepossibilitythathissonwouldonedaybecomethegreatestmusici anintheworld.ThesameistrueofEdison,whoseemedtohisteachertobequitedull. 6.当局控告他们威胁国家安全。(accusesb.ofsth.) Theywereaccusedbytheauthoritiesofthreateningthestatesecurity. 二、 1.要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话,就会吸引更多的观众。(if...had+pastparticiple,would+have+pastparticiple) Ifthecharactersinthiscomedyhadbeenmorehumorous,itwouldhaveattractedalargeraudience. 2.她从未对自己的能力失去信心,因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员。(itisapossibilityto)Shehasneverlostfaithinherownability,soitisapossibilityforhertobecomeasuccessf ulactress. 3.我从未受过正式培训,我只是边干边学。(goalong) Ineverhadformaltraining,IjustlearnedasIwentalong. 4.随着产品进入国际市场,他们的品牌知名度越来越高了。(findone'swayinto) Astheirproductsfindtheirwayintotheinternationalmarket,theirbrandisgaininginpopularity. 5.她可以编造一个故事,说自己被窃贼打昏,所有的钱都没了,但她怀疑自己是否能让这故事听起来可信。(makeup) Shecouldmakeupastorybysayingshewasknockedunconsciousbythievesandthatallhermoneywasgo ne,butshedoubtedwhethershecouldmakeitsoundbelievable. 6.谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问,可是这引起了对他更多的批评。(on purpose) No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him. 三、 1.据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂,市长决定亲自出马调查这件事。(be reported to; look into) Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the may or has decided to look into the affair in person. 2. 这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的危险了。(regret doing sth.; yield to; be faced with) These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work. Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs. 3. 你只需填写一张表格就可取得会员资格,它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。

新视野大学英语3翻译汉译英

U1 无论你是多么富有经验的演说家,无论你做了多么充分的准备,你都会很难在这样嘈杂的招待会上发表演讲。No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception. 就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关心吉米一样,吉米也关心他们。Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them. 汽车生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车识别号码,以便帮助找回被盗的车辆。Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles. 老师回来的时候你敢告我状的话,我就不再和你说话了。If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more. 有些老年人愿意独自过日子,但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children. 我现在需要面对的事情是:如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company. UNIT2 被告是一位年仅30岁的女子,她坚持称自己无罪。The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence. 总体看来,枣,豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源。All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron. 正餐时不供应饮料,饮料会影响消化。No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion. 考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度,提前订旅馆是明智的。Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 服药后若有呕吐感,请立即停止服用并尽快咨询医生。If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible. 总结这次讨论时,他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效地方法来解决这一问题。Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem. UNIT4 从各方面讨论,这座城市都是世界上最令人激动的城市。Everything considered, this city is the world’s most exciting city. 尽管没有得到父母的赞同,他还是继续他的计划出国学习。Though with no approval from his parents, he went ahead with his plan to study abroad. 这座桥是以一位英雄的名字命名的,这位英雄为人民的事业献出了生命。The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life for the cause of people. 据说,画家是以他母亲为模特的。他母亲的面容沧桑却不失坚定。It is said that the painter used his mother as the model in the painting whose face represented suffering yet strength. 这位作家于1950年因出版一本小说而成名,小说的灵感来自他和一位姑娘来自农场的经历The writer instantly rose to fame in 1950 with the publication of a novel inspired by his experience with a girl on a farm. 有个故事说,US山姆大叔的缩写,它曾和一名男子一起工作,这名男子和美国政府签订了一份合同,给军队提供肉食。One story says that “US”was short for “Uncle Sam”whose real name was Sam Wilson, who had once worked with a man who had signed a contract with the government to provide meat to the US Army. UNIT5 直到看见弥留之际看见躺在场上的母亲,他才意识到自己是多么地爱她。Not until he saw his mother lying in bed, dying, did he realize how much he loved her. 考虑到他最近的身体状况,我认为他这次考试成绩还不错。Taking into account of his recent physical condition, I think he has done quite well in the exam. 克拉克夫人躺在床上一动不动,一时间我都纳闷她是否活着。Mrs. Clark lies in bed motionless, and I wondered briefly if she is still alive. 整栋楼一片漆黑,只有三楼的某个窗户透出一丝光。The building was darkened except for a single light burning in a third-storey window. 这些士兵接受了严格的训练,并对完成这项新任务有充分的准备。These soldiers have received very strict training and are well equipped to fulfill the new task.

新视野大学英语第四册课文原文

1A An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it. The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction. "Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed. The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt. Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on. The lure of drowning in fame's imperial glory is not easily resisted. Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of exploiting their talent for singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc. They develop a style that agents market aggressively to hasten popularity, and their ride on the express elevator to the top is a blur. Most would be hard-pressed to tell you how they even got there. Artists cannot remain idle, though. When the performer, painter or writer becomes bored, their work begins to show a lack of continuity in its appeal and it becomes difficult to sustain the attention of the public. After their enthusiasm has dissolved, the public simply moves on to the next flavor of the month. Artists who do attempt to remain current by making even minute changes to their style of writing, dancing or singing, run a significant risk of losing the audience's favor. The public simply discounts styles other than those for which the artist has become famous. Famous authors' styles—a Tennessee Williams play or a plot by Ernest Hemingway or a poem by Robert Frost or T.S. Eliot—are easily recognizable. The same is true of painters like Monet, Renoir, or Dali and moviemakers like Hitchcock, Fellini, Spielberg, Chen Kaige or Zhang Yimou. Their distinct styles marked a significant change in form from others and gained them fame and fortune. However, they paid for it by giving up the freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms. Fame's spotlight can be hotter than a tropical jungle—a fraud is quickly exposed, and the pressure of so much attention is too much for most to endure. It takes you out of yourself: You must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be. The performer, like the politician, must often please his or her audiences by saying things he or she does not mean or fully believe. One drop of fame will likely contaminate the entire well of a man's soul, and so an artist who remains true to himself or herself is particularly amazing. You would be hard-pressed to underline many names of those who have not compromised and still succeeded in the fame game. An example, the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde, known for his uncompromising behavior, both social and sexual, to which the public objected, paid heavily for remaining true to himself. The mother of a young man Oscar was intimate with accused him at a banquet in front of his friends and fans of sexually influencing her son. Extremely angered by her remarks, he sued the young man's mother, asserting that she had damaged his "good" name. He should have hired a better attorney, though. The judge did not second Wilde's call to have the woman pay for damaging his name, and instead fined Wilde. He ended up in jail after refusing to pay, and even worse, was permanently expelled from the wider circle of public favor. When things were at their worst, he found that no one was willing to risk his or her name in his defense. His price for remaining true to himself was to be left alone when he needed his fans the most. Curiously enough, it is those who fail that reap the greatest reward: freedom! They enjoy the freedom to express themselves in unique and original ways without fear of losing the support of fans. Failed artists may find comfort in knowing that many great artists never found fame until well after they had passed away or in knowing that they did not sell out. They may justify their failure by convincing themselves their genius is too sophisticated for contemporary audiences. Single-minded artists who continue their quest for fame even after failure might also like to know that failure has motivated some famous people to work even harder to succeed. Thomas Wolfe, the American novelist, had his first novel Look Homeward, Angel rejected 39 times before it was finally published. Beethoven overcame his father, who did not believe that he had any potential as a musician, to become the greatest musician in the world. And Pestalozzi, the famous Swiss educator in the 19th century, failed at every job he ever had until he came upon the idea of teaching children and developing the fundamental theories to produce a new form of education. Thomas Edison was thrown out of school in the fourth grade, because he seemed to his teacher to be quite dull. Unfortunately for most people, however, failure is the end of their struggle, not the beginning. I say to those who desperately seek fame and fortune: good luck. But alas, you may find that it was not what you wanted. The dog who catches his tail discovers that it is only a tail. The person who achieves success often discovers that it does more harm than good. So instead of trying so hard to achieve success, try to be happy with who you are and what you do. Try to do work that you can be proud of. Maybe you won't be famous in your own lifetime, but you may create better art. 1B One summer day my father sent me to buy some wire and fencing to put around our barn to pen up the bull. At 16, I liked nothing better than getting behind the wheel of our truck and driving into town

新视野大学英语4 读写教程 4课后翻译答案

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is the world's center of cooperation in the nuclear field. It was set up as the world's "Atoms for Peace" organization in 1957 within the United Nations family. The Agency works with its member states and multiple partners worldwide to promote safe, secure and peaceful nuclear technologies. As an independent international organization related to the United Nations system, the IAEA's relation ship with the UN is regulated by special agreement. In terms of its Statute, the IAEA reports annually to the UN General Assembly and, when appropriate, to the Security Council regarding non-compliance by States with their safeguards obligations as well as on matters relating to international peace and security. The IAEA Secretariat is headquartered in Vienna, Austria. Operational liaison and regional offices are located in Geneva, Switzerland; New York, USA; Toronto, Canada; and Tokyo, Japan. The IAEA's mission is guided by the interests and needs of member states, strategic plans and the vision embodied in the IAEA Statute. Three main pillars or areas of work underpin the IAEA's mission: Safety and Security; Science and Technology; Safeguards and Verification. 国际原子能机构是世界核领域的合作中心,它于1957年作为世界性的“原子能为和平服务”的组织而建立,成为联合国大家庭的一员。该机构与其成员国及世界各地的众多伙伴合作,共同促进安全、稳定、和平的核技术发展。作为一个与联合国体制相关的独立国际性组织,国际原子能机构与联合国的关系是由特别协议规定的。就其章程而言,国际原子能机构每年要向联合国大会作汇报,并适时就一些成员国不遵从其保障义务及涉及国际和平与安全的事宜向安理会作汇报。国际原子能机构秘书处总部设在奥地利的维也纳,行动联络组和区域办公室分设在瑞士日内瓦、美国纽约、加拿大多伦多和日本东京。国际原子能机构的使命以其成员国的利益和需要为指南,战略规划及前景则体现在其章程之中。三个主要支柱或工作领域为国际原子能机构的使命提供着支撑:安全与保障、科学与技术、保卫与核查。 城乡一体化是我国现代化和城市化发展的一个新阶段, 是要通过对城乡发展实行统筹规划,并通过体制改革和政策调整,破除城乡二元经济结构,实现城乡在政策上平等,在产业发展模式上互补,让农村居民享受到与城镇居民同样的文明和福利。城乡一体化是一项重大而深刻的社会变革。它使整个城乡经济能够全面、协调、可持续地发展。只有大力推进城乡一体化,妥善处理城乡关系,加强城乡合作,缩小城乡差距,才能确保到2020年我国实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标。 Urban-rural integration is a new stage of China's modernization and urbanization process. It aims to break the urban and rural dual economic structure through making integrated plans for urban and rural development, and through system reform and policy adjustment, so that the urban and rural areas will finally achieve equal policies and realize complementary developing patterns, enabling the rural residents to enjoy the same level of civ ilization and equal benefits with the urban residents. Urban-rural integration is a significant and profound social reform which enables comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of the entire urban-rural economy. Only by enhancing urban-rural integration, and by properly managing urban-rural relationships, increasing urban-rural collaboration, and narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, can we

新视野大学英语4翻译

1. 这种植物只有在培养它的土壤中才能很好的生长。 The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed. 2. 研究结果表明,无论我们白天做了什么事情,晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day. 3. 有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力,一次来为自己的失败辩护。 Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best. 4. 我们终于我们的承诺:凡是答应做的,我们都会做的。 We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do; we would do it. 5. 连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此,他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。 Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull. 6. 当局控告他们威胁国家安全。 They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security. 1. 要是这部喜剧中的人物更加幽默些的话,就会吸引更多的观众。 If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience. 2. 她从未对自己的能力失去信心,因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员。 She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress. 3.我从未受过正式培训,我只是边干边学。 I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along. 4. 随着产品进入国际市场,他们的品牌知名度越来越高了。 As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity. 5. 她可以编造一个故事,说自己被窃贼打昏,所有的钱都没了,但她怀疑自己是否能够让这个故事听起来可信。 She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable. 6.谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问,可是这引起了对他的更多的批评。 No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him. 1. 据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂,市长决定亲自出马调查这件事。 Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to look into the affair in person. 2. 这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的危险了。These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work. Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs. 3. 你只需填写一张表格就可取得会员资格,它可以使你在买东西的时候享受打折的优惠。You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods. 4. 不知道为什么他们的汽车在半路坏掉了,结果他们比原计划晚到了三个小时。

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