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英文论文参考文献哈佛格式

英文论文参考文献哈佛格式
英文论文参考文献哈佛格式

Referencing your work using

Harvard

A printable copy of the on-line referencing tool

Version (1.3 – 30/09/2008)

Contents

Referencing Books 3

Journals

7 Referencing

10

Media

Electronic

Referencing

resources 13 Electronic

Referencing

Referencing Government and Official Documents 17

19

Resources

Referencing

Other

Secondary Referencing 23

quotes 24 direct

Referencing

Books

Journals

Electronic media

Electronic resources

Referencing Government and Official Documents

Other resources

哈佛商学院英文参考文献格式

BOOK______________________________ Single author IN-TEXT ...(Doss 2003) REFERENCE Doss, G 2003, IS Project Management Handbook, Aspen Publishers, New York 2 authors IN-TEXT ...(Laudon & Laudon 2003) REFERENCE Laudon, KC & Laudon, JP 2003, Essentials of management information systems: managing the digital firm, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, N.J. 3 or more authors IN-TEXT (INITIALLY) ...(Coveney, Ganster, Hartlen & King 2003) IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER) ...(Coveney et al 2003) REFERENCE Coveney, M, Ganster, D, Hartlen, B & King, D 2003, The strategy gap: leveraging technology to execute winning strategies, Wiley, Hoboken, N. J. Corporate author IN-TEXT (INITIALLY) ...(Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2002) IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER) ...(DFAT 2002) REFERENCE Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2002, Connecting with Asia's tech future: ICT export opportunities, Economic Analytical Unit, Commonwealth Government, Canberra. Editor IN-TEXT ...(Shaw 2003) REFERENCE Shaw, MJ (ed) 2003, E-business management: integration of Web technologies with business models, Kluwer Academic, London. BOOK CHAPTER_____________________ Single author IN-TEXT ...(Howard 1998) REFERENCE Howard, S 1998, 'Verbal Protocol Analysis', in B Henderson-Sellers, A Simons and H Younessi (eds.), The Open Process Specification, Addison Wesley, Sydney, pp. 272- 274.2 authors IN-TEXT ...(Degen & Pedell 2004) REFERENCE Degen, H & Pedell, S 2004, 'The JIET Design Process for e-Business Applications', in D Diaper and N Stanton (eds.), The Handbook of Task Analysis for Human-Computer Interaction, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (LEA), London, pp. 193-220. 3 or more authors IN-TEXT (INITIALLY) ...(Johnston, Mak & Kurnia 2001) IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER) ...(Johnston et al 2001) REFERENCE Johnston RB, Mak HC & Kurnia S 2001, 'The contribution of Internet Electronic Commerce to advanced supply chain reform - a case study', in S Barnes & B Hunt (eds.), E- Commerce and V-Business, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, pp. 232-249. JOURNAL ARTICLE__________________ Single author IN-TEXT ...(Hammer 1990) REFERENCE Hammer, M 1990, 'Reengineering Work: Don't Automate, Obliterate', Harvard Business Review, July-August, pp. 104-112. 2 authors IN-TEXT ...(Lamb & Kling 2003) REFERENCE Lamb, R & Kling, R 2003, 'Reconceptualizing users as social actors in information systems research', MIS Quarterly, vol. 27, issue 2, June, p. 197. 3 or more authors IN-TEXT (INITIALLY) ...(Lacity, Willcocks & Feeny 1995) IN-TEXT (THEREAFTER) ...(Lacity et al 1995) REFERENCE Lacity, MC, Willcocks, LP & Feeny, DF 1995, 'IT outsourcing: maximize flexibility and control', Harvard Business Review, vol. 73, issue 3, May, pp. 84-93. ENCYCLOPAEDIAS AND DICTIONARIES_ IN-TEXT ...(Karlof 2002) REFERENCE Karlof, B 2002, 'Benchmarking', in H Bidgoli (ed). Encyclopedia of information systems, Academic Press, New York, vol. 1, pp. 65-80.

中英文论文参考文献标准格式 超详细

超详细中英文论文参考文献标准格式 1、参考文献和注释。按论文中所引用文献或注释编号的顺序列在论文正文之后,参考文献之前。图表或数据必须注明来源和出处。 (参考文献是期刊时,书写格式为: [编号]、作者、文章题目、期刊名(外文可缩写)、年份、卷号、期数、页码。参考文献是图书时,书写格式为: [编号]、作者、书名、出版单位、年份、版次、页码。) 2、附录。包括放在正文内过份冗长的公式推导,以备他人阅读方便所需的辅助性数学工具、重复性数据图表、论文使用的符号意义、单位缩写、程序全文及有关说明等。 参考文献(即引文出处)的类型以单字母方式标识,具体如下: [M]--专著,著作 [C]--论文集(一般指会议发表的论文续集,及一些专题论文集,如《***大学研究生学术论文集》[N]-- 报纸文章 [J]--期刊文章:发表在期刊上的论文,尽管有时我们看到的是从网上下载的(如知网),但它也是发表在期刊上的,你看到的电子期刊仅是其电子版 [D]--学位论文:不区分硕士还是博士论文 [R]--报告:一般在标题中会有"关于****的报告"字样 [S]-- 标准 [P]--专利 [A]--文章:很少用,主要是不属于以上类型的文章 [Z]--对于不属于上述的文献类型,可用字母"Z"标识,但这种情况非常少见 常用的电子文献及载体类型标识: [DB/OL] --联机网上数据(database online) [DB/MT] --磁带数据库(database on magnetic tape) [M/CD] --光盘图书(monograph on CDROM) [CP/DK] --磁盘软件(computer program on disk) [J/OL] --网上期刊(serial online) [EB/OL] --网上电子公告(electronic bulletin board online) 很显然,标识的就是该资源的英文缩写,/前面表示类型,/后面表示资源的载体,如OL表示在线资源 二、参考文献的格式及举例 1.期刊类 【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[J].刊名,出版年份,卷号(期号)起止页码. 【举例】 [1] 周融,任志国,杨尚雷,厉星星.对新形势下毕业设计管理工作的思考与实践[J].电气电子教学学报,2003(6):107-109. [2] 夏鲁惠.高等学校毕业设计(论文)教学情况调研报告[J].高等理科教育,2004(1):46-52. [3] Heider, E.R.& D.C.Oliver. The structure of color space in naming and memory of two languages [J]. Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 1999, (3): 62 67. 2.专著类

哈佛_论文引用格式!

哈佛_论文引用格式! 1 A brief guide to the Harvard System The University of Greenwich as with all universities requires that students give credit to the authors of the evidence they use to support the arguments within their essays and other assignments. Most schools within the University require that students use the Harvard system of referencing citation. This is a guide to that system giving some useful examples to which you can refer when referencing yourself. Function A bibliographical reference should contain sufficient information for you or someone else to trace the information sources you have used. It indicates that you have considered appropriate authorities and evidence in your work It acknowledges the work of others in contributing to your work. The same set of rules and grammar colons and commas should be followed every time you cite a reference consistency. Note – you ought to follow the convention of referencing dictated by your school or tutor normally the Harvard system. The components of the Harvard system The Harvard system has two main components. Firstly there is the in-text reference. Fore each item of evidence that you use from an external source a book a journal article etc. there is an entry that includes the author?s family name and the year of the publication source that the information comes from. Note that

毕业论文英文参考文献与译文

Inventory management Inventory Control On the so-called "inventory control", many people will interpret it as a "storage management", which is actually a big distortion. The traditional narrow view, mainly for warehouse inventory control of materials for inventory, data processing, storage, distribution, etc., through the implementation of anti-corrosion, temperature and humidity control means, to make the custody of the physical inventory to maintain optimum purposes. This is just a form of inventory control, or can be defined as the physical inventory control. How, then, from a broad perspective to understand inventory control? Inventory control should be related to the company's financial and operational objectives, in particular operating cash flow by optimizing the entire demand and supply chain management processes (DSCM), a reasonable set of ERP control strategy, and supported by appropriate information processing tools, tools to achieved in ensuring the timely delivery of the premise, as far as possible to reduce inventory levels, reducing inventory and obsolescence, the risk of devaluation. In this sense, the physical inventory control to achieve financial goals is just a means to control the entire inventory or just a necessary part; from the perspective of organizational functions, physical inventory control, warehouse management is mainly the responsibility of The broad inventory control is the demand and supply chain management, and the whole company's responsibility. Why until now many people's understanding of inventory control, limited physical inventory control? The following two reasons can not be ignored: First, our enterprises do not attach importance to inventory control. Especially those who benefit relatively good business, as long as there is money on the few people to consider the problem of inventory turnover. Inventory control is simply interpreted as warehouse management, unless the time to spend money, it may have been to see the inventory problem, and see the results are often very simple procurement to buy more, or did not do warehouse departments . Second, ERP misleading. Invoicing software is simple audacity to call it ERP, companies on their so-called ERP can reduce the number of inventory, inventory control, seems to rely on their small software can get. Even as SAP, BAAN ERP world, the field of

哈佛类型论文引用方式说明与举例- Citing quotations (Harvard style)

Citing quotations (Harvard style) What is quoting? Quoting is where you copy an author's text word for word, place quotation marks around the words and add a citation at the end of the quote. Quotes should be using sparingly as over quoting can suggest a lack of understanding of the text you are referring to. In scientific writing, it is generally the case that you should paraphrase from sources, rather than quote directly. Quoting more extended sections of text tends to be more common in arts and humanities subjects where it may be appropriate to quote frequently from the literature that is being analysed. As you take notes, ensure you clearly mark where you have quoted directly from the source. Direct quotations 1.If you use a direct quotation from an author, you should: ?enclose this in quotation marks ?give the author, date and page number(s) that the quotation was taken from, in brackets. Example: "Language is subject to change, and is not caused by unnecessary sloppiness, laziness or ignorance" (Aitchison, 1981, p.67). 2. If the quotation is more than two lines: ?It is separated from the rest of the paragraph by one free line above and below ?It is indented at left and right margins ?It may be in a smaller point size ?It is preceded by a colon ?It does not use quotation marks ?The citation includes author, date and page number(s) that the quotation was taken from. Example: One answer to this is that language has always been subject to change, just as everything else in the world is, and we should not feel that this is a bad thing. As Aitchison (1981, p.16) puts it: Language, then, like everything else, gradually transforms itself over the centuries. There is nothing surprising in this. In a world where humans grow old, tadpoles change into frogs, and milk turns into cheese, it would be strange if language alone remained unaltered. In spite of this, large numbers of intelligent people condemn and resent language change, regarding alterations as due to unnecessary sloppiness, laziness or ignorance. Aitchison clearly sees every change in language as neither good nor bad, but inevitable...

英语毕业论文引用和参考文献格式

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APA、MLA、Chicago、Harvard引用格式说明

APA引用格式说明 一、正文中引用标注格式要求 ● 正文中引用的内容后标注为(作者姓,出版年,页码),如: Even Einstein recoiled from the implication of quantum mechanics that reality is an illusion (Gribbin, 1984, p.2) . 注:如文内已出现作者名,括号里就只要加出版年和页码,如 In a recent study Harvey (1993, p.2) argued that ... ● 当直接引用的原话超过三行以上时,引文须另起一行,左右各缩进3个字符,并用斜体书写,不需用引号,在引文结束处将页码放入小括号内。比如, Paine etal.(1983) added that good praise follows the “if-then” rule: The “if-then rule” states that if thestudent is doing something you want to encourage—something youwant to see the student do again or domore often in the future (and if you aresure that that is what the student is doing)—then (and onlythen) you should praise the student for it(p.46). 二、文尾 References页格式要求 ● 按作者姓的首字母顺序排列引用,网页引用放在最后 ● References页不会添加的话,请在如下网址自动生成。 MLA引用格式说明 一、正文中引用标注格式要求 ● 正文中引用的内容后标注为(作者姓页码),如 Naiman et al. (49-52) found a similar relationship, although in this case ‘ effort’ on the part of the learners was also associated with

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8 报告作者.题名[R].保存地点:年份 9 电子文献作者.题名[电子文献及载体类型标识].文献出处,日期 二、文献类型及其标识 1.根据GB3469 规定 ①期刊[J] ②专著[M] ③论文集[C] ④学位论文[D] ⑤专利[P] ⑥标准[S] ⑦报纸[N] ⑧技术报告[R] 2.电子文献载体类型用双字母标识,例如: ①磁带[MT]②磁盘[DK]③光盘[CD]④联机网络[OL] 3.电子文献载体类型的参考文献类型标识方法为:[文献类型标识/载体类型标识 例如:①联机网上数据库[DB/OL]②磁带数据库[DB/MT]③光盘图书[M/CD]④磁盘软件[CP/DK]⑤网上期刊[J/OL]⑥网上电子公告[EB/OL]

Harvard referencing 3 哈佛大学参考文献格式指导 - (世界顶尖大学专用版)

References/Bibliography Harvard Style Based on Style manual for authors, editors and printers / revised by Snooks & Co. 2002 Quick guide - How to USE IT ?There are various ways of setting out references / bibliographies for an assignment. NOTE ?Before you write your list of references/bibliography check with your lecturer/tutor for the bibliographic style preferred by the Academic Department. ?The following are examples of one style previously known as the Harvard style based on AGPS style but now revised by Snooks & Co, 2002. The style is based on the author-date system for books, articles and “non-books”. ?Your bibliography should identify an item (e.g. book, journal article, cassette tape, film, or internet site) in sufficient detail so that others may identify it and consult it. ?Your bibliography should appear at the end of your essay/report with entries listed alphabetically. ?If you have used sources from the Internet, these should be listed in your bibliography. n FOR A BOOK The details required in order are: 1. name/s of author/s, editor/s, compiler/s or the institution responsible 2. year of publication 3. title of publication and subtitle if any (all titles must be underlined or italicised) 4. series title and individual volume if any 5. edition, if other than first 6. publisher 7. place of publication 8. page number(s) if applicable ? One author Berkman, RI 1994, Find it fast: how to uncover expert information on any subject, HarperPerennial, New York. Explanation of above citation ? Two or more authors Cengel, YA & Boles, MA 1994, Thermodynamics: an engineering approach, 2nd edn, McGraw Hill, London. Cheek, J, Doskatsch, I, Hill, P & Walsh, L 1995, Finding out: information literacy for the 21st century, MacMillan Education Australia, South Melbourne.

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英语论文参考文献精选3篇 英语论文参考文献精选1篇 英文及其它语种的文献在前,中文文献在后,参照以下标准执行。 期刊论文 Bolinger, D. 1965. The atomization of word meaning [J]. Language 41 (4): 555-573. 朱永生,2006,名词化、动词化与语法隐喻[J],《外语教学与研究》(2):83-90。 论文集论文 Bybee, J. 1994. The grammaticization of zero: Asymmetries in tense and aspect systems [A]. In W. Pagliuca (ed.). Perspectives on Grammaticalization [C]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 235-254. 文秋芳,2003a,英语学习者动机、观念、策略的变化规律与特点 [A]。载文秋芳、王立非(编),《英语学习策略实证研究》[C]。西安:陕西师范大学出版社。255-259。 网上文献 Jiang, Yan. 2000. The Tao of verbal communication: An Elementary textbook on pragmatics and discourse analysis [OL]. (accessed 30/04/2006). 王岳川,2004,当代传媒中的网络文化与电视批评[OL], (2005年11月18日读取)。 专著 Bloomfield, L. 1933. Language [M]. New York: Holt. 吕叔湘、朱德熙,1952,《语法修辞讲话》[M]。北京:中国青年出版社。 译著 Nedjalkov, V. P. (ed.). 1983/1988. Typology of Resultative Constructions, trans. Bernard Comrie [C]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 赵元任,1968/1980,《中国话的文法》(A Grammar of Spoken Chinese)[M],丁邦新译。英语论文参考文献精选3篇英语论文参考文献精选3篇。香港:香港中文大学出版社。 编著/论文集

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