专业四级-215

专业四级-215

(总分：139.01，做题时间：90分钟)

一、{{B}}PART Ⅰ DICTATION{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：15.00)

1.

{{I}}Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first rending, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.{{/I}}（分数：15.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：()

解析：[听力原文] {{B}}American Characteristics{{/B}} Individualism, independence, and

self-reliance are perhaps the most distinctive American characteristics. American "individualism" is considered a good thing, and is regarded as a good quality; it does not mean being selfish. Each person is expected to make decisions for himself about all aspects of life. The nuclear family is an important aspect of American society, but usually has much less influence on the behavior of any individual in it than is generally true in Eastern countries. Children are encouraged from an early age to be self-reliant. Parents provide advice and assistance, especially when their children are young, but the importance of the individual is stressed. This is reflected in American expression such as "You are the master of your own fate." Americans assume a greater responsibility for the decisions they make and the actions they take. This principle applies to all aspects of life, including the family, social relations, finance, business, law and medicine.

二、{{B}}PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION{{/B}}(总题数：3，分数：10.00)

{{B}}SECTION A CONVERSATIONS{{/B}}

{{I}} In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.{{/I}}

{{B}}SECTION A CONVERSATIONS{{/B}}

{{I}} In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.{{/I}}

（分数：3.00）

(1).Which of the following is NOT the reason that Lisa thinks Rice is qualified for the position?（分数：1.00）

A.She is well liked and has good qualifications.

B.She gets well along with other people.

C.She knows how to deal with and handle people.

D.Women are more likely to be accepted by others. √

解析：[听力原文]1-3 M: Lisa, do you think it's good that Miss Rice's been nominated to be chairman of the department? W: Yes, I do. Rice is so well liked. She really gets along with people well. She really knows how to handle them. M: That's true. And I do think it's nice that it's a woman that's been nominated. You know women have had trouble for such a long time. But in the long run I think it's important that a man is the head of the English department. W: Why? And what's so special about a man? M: Because men are stronger than women. W: I don't think that has anything to do with it. I think we should look at it as to who is more qualified. M: But I think men are basically, inherently stronger than women. W: Don't be so chauvinistic, Garry. Look at Thatcher, for example. She is an exception to the rule. M: I think that she's just lucky enough to beat the men at their own game. W: Well, Garry. That's because women aren't so accepted, it may be putting Rice in a difficult situation if she is made department head. And that's why we have to support her, even bring up false arguments. M: Well, I'm just wondering how her fellow male colleagues in the university are going to react to a woman as the department head. W: That's a good point, and I think that since we all know she's qualified, so with our support she can do it. M: OK, I will try.

(2).What does the man think of Thatcher?（分数：1.00）

A.She was just lucky. √

B.She was exceptional.

C.She was strong-minded.

D.She was a chauvinist.

解析：

(3).The woman believes that Rice should be given more support because ______.（分数：1.00）

A.women have been in trouble for a long time

B.women are not so strong as men

C.she thinks Rice is qualified for the position

D.Rice will find herself in a difficult position once selected √

解析：

{{I}}Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to .answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to .answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.{{/I}}

（分数：4.00）

(1).What has happened to the man?（分数：1.00）

A.He needs a gas station. √

B.He lost his way home.

C.He wants to go to the hospital.

D.He lost the letter to be posted.

解析：[听力原文]4-7 M: Excuse me, madam. I'm a stranger here and I'm running low on gas, but I can't seem to find a service station anywhere around here. Could you be kind enough to direct me to the nearest one? W: No problem. This is a small town and even the nearest service station isn't very close. First you take a left at the stop light. Proceed east for about a mile, and there's one on your right, just next to the hospital. M: I did not catch you very well. Would

you mind going over the directions once more? W: Not at all. Take a right at the stop light and continue on the street until you see the hospital on your fight. The service station is just next to the hospital, which is not far from a post office. M: Thanks a lot. Does the service station accept credit cards? W: No, it doesn't. But there is a bank across the street from it and you can get money there if you like. M: That's probably what I'll do. W: You also might consider buying a map at the service station. This is a rural area and a little isolated, so it is very easy to get lost. M: I think I'll do that. I really appreciate your help. W: It's been my pleasure. Here is Little Stone Town; we welcome all visitors to our city.

(2).Where is the location of the service station?（分数：1.00）

A.Next to the light stop.

B.Left to the post office.

C.Right to the bank and hospital.

D.About one mile from where he is now. √

解析：

(3).What is the woman's attitude toward the man?（分数：1.00）

A.She is indifferent

B.She is a little impatient.

C.She is warm-hearted and patient. √

D.She is alert and cautious.

解析：

(4).What will the man do at the next step?（分数：1.00）

A.Go to the hospital directly.

B.Leave for the post office.

C.Go to the bank and get some money first. √

D.GO to buy a map at the service station.

解析：

{{I}}Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.

Now, listen to the conversation.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.

Now, listen to the conversation.{{/I}}

（分数：3.00）

(1).Why are the dances approved by the elders of the tribes?（分数：1.00）

A.All of the activities in the tribe are sponsored by the elders.

B.The elders must give approval to perform sacred dances.

C.The elders make sure the dances are performed properly. √

D.The elders are the most experienced ones.

解析：[听力原文]8-10 W: Today's arts report betrays Dan Parker of the American Indian Dance Theater.

I understand your troupe performs traditional music and dance from many different Native American cultures. Can you give us an idea of some of the dances you'll be doing in your performance tonight? M: Certainly. We'll be doing won-ns-award dance. Originally it was a story telling device to recount battles. Another is the grass dance, performed by the plains Indians, where they actually flatten tall field grass to prepare it for a ceremony. W: Since your dancers are from many different tribes, how can you be sure the dances are done correctly? M: Everything we do has been approved

by the elders of our tribes. That's partly because we do not necessarily know each other's style or dances. But it's also because it's hard to get complete agreement even within the same tribe exactly how the dance should be done. W: Anyone who attends one of your performances will notice that your company goes to a lot of trouble to provide detailed explanations of the origin of the dances, the music, the costumes and so forth. Could you explain to our listeners, why you do these? M: Good questions. There are always concerns that traditional dances performed are nothing more than a spectacle. Our explanations show that in our cultures, dance is ritual rather than entertainment. We also want to make it clear to our audience that we are not performing any dances used for sacred ceremonies.

(2).Which of the following is NOT correct according to the conversation?（分数：1.00）

A.The dancers are not only confined to native American Indians. √

B.It's hard to tell the origin of the music, dances and some costumes.

C.Even within the same tribe no universal style or complete agreement exists.

D.The won-us-award dance was originally used to retell battles.

解析：

(3).What are the main functions of dances in their cultures?（分数：1.00）

A.Traditional dances performed are nothing more than a spectacle.

B.Dances are mainly for entertainment in their customs.

C.They sometimes perform dances for sacred ceremonies.

D.In their cultures dance is only for the ritual ceremonial service. √

解析：

三、{{B}}SECTION B PASSAGES{{/B}}(总题数：3，分数：10.00)

{{I}}Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.{{/I}}

（分数：3.00）

(1).Which of the following will NOT possibly lead to heart disease?（分数：1.00）

A.High blood pressure.

B.Oversleeping. √

C.Smoking and being overweight.

D.Job stress.

解析：[听力原文]11-13 Healthy people with stressful jobs who work long hours but get little satisfaction from what they do have twice the risk of dying from heart disease as satisfied employees, according to a study. Job stress has been known to trigger heart problems in people who already have cardiovascular disease. Obesity, high blood pressure, lack of exercise and smoking contribute to heart disease. Study indicates that job stress also plays an important role. Workers who had the highest jab-related stress levels were more than twice as likely to die of heart disease, according to the study published in the British Medical Journal. Work stress involves too much work as well as a lack of satisfaction and feeling undervalued and unappreciated. Many people work long hours but if the effort is rewarding the stress is minimized. Job pressure is damaging when being overworked is combined with little of no control, unfair supervision and few career opportunities. The British Heart Foundation said the results support earlier research

showing that people in jobs with low control, such as manual workers, could be at greater risk of heart disease than other employees. "It is advisable for people to try to minimize levels of stress at work and for employers to allow people to have more control at work and to be rewarded for their success," the foundation said in a statement.

(2).Which element of the following can contribute to work stress according to the passage?（分数：1.00）

A.Cardiovascular disease.

B.Overwork with little appreciation. √

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9518034049.html,ck of exercise.

D.Long time isolation.

解析：

(3).In what way can the work stress be reduced?（分数：1.00）

A.To have more work manually,

B.To be under more supervision.

C.To be less ambitious.

D.To be rewarded for their success. √

解析：

{{I}}Questions 14 to 16are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 14 to 16are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.{{/I}}

（分数：3.00）

(1).What can we learn from today's youth?（分数：1.00）

A.They are more pessimistic than we think.

B.About four out of five young people are satisfied with their family life. √

C.They work much harder than before.

D.They are not very confident about their future and the society.

解析：[听力原文]14-16 Why do some students do better than others? To find out, Reader's Digest invited 2,130 high-school seniors to take a special academic test and then answer a list of personal questions. Among the poll's top findings are strong family links that give kids an edge in school. For instance, students who lived with two parents scored high more often on our test than students who didn't. Students who regularly shared mealtimes with their families tested better than those who didn't. This "family gap" showed up for students of all backgrounds. Today's youth are far more optimistic about themselves and their futures than is generally believed. Four out of five were confident they would be able to "make things better for myself and for other people". Almost the same number described their lives at home as "pretty good" or "wonderful". As has been in other polls, not all groups tested equally well. Children with college-educated parents tested better than kids whose parents didn't go past high school. Whites tended to score higher than blacks. Boys scored higher than girls. But more importantly, the Reader's Digest poll revealed that, within each group, strong family links were a significant factor. With the help of Louis Harris and Associates, Inc. , last spring, the Reader's Digest surveyed a reprehensive

cross-section of high-school seniors in classrooms across the nation.

(2).Which of the following is NOT true about the findings of the polls?（分数：1.00）

A.Good family atmosphere gives kids an advantage in school study.

B."Family gap" applies to students of all backgrounds.

C.Parents' education background has little impact on the children's score. √

D.There is a racial and gender difference on the children's score.

解析：

(3).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：1.00）

A.The significant role family plays in the children's academic achievements. √

B.The difference between the poor families and the rich ones.

C.Parents' influence on children's development.

D.The research done by the Reader's Digest.

解析：

{{I}}Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.{{/I}}

（分数：4.00）

(1).What can we infer from the passage?（分数：1.00）

A.Dogs have a natural instinct to return home.

B.Seeing-dogs sometimes may not obey its master. √

C.Dogs are kept mostly as companions for old people.

D.Guarding dogs always run fast.

解析：[听力原文]17-20 Animals perform many useful and entertaining jobs. Dogs are particularly valuable in guiding the blind, protecting property, finding lost people, and hunting criminals. Horses are used in guarding herds, carrying men in lands when there are no reads and helping farmers work on their lands. Dugs are extremely useful as companions for blind people. When a dog has been properly trained, he will always lead its blind master in the right direction and keep him out of danger. For instance seeing-eye dogs learn never to cross a busy read when cars are coming, even if their masters command them to do se. Horses are also able to learn lots of things. Horses used for guards or police duty must learn never to be frightened of noises, traffic and other disturbances. Racing homes are able to learn much faster than other horses. Therefore it is necessary for those who train them to be very patient and understanding. Pigeons have a natural instinct to return home, even if they are far away arid the trip is very hard and dangerous. Men utilize this instinct to send messages on small pieces of paper that are fastened to the pigeon's back or legs. In wartime, pigeons have been known to fly as fast as 75 miles an hour and to cover distances of 500 to 600 miles.

(2).What is necessary for a horse trainer?（分数：1.00）

A.He can make the wild home under control.

B.He would not be disturbed by other disturbances.

C.He can understand the horse's special habits.

D.He needs to be patient and understanding. √

解析：

(3).All of the following are true according to the passage EXCEPT ______.（分数：1.00）

A.in the wartime trained message pigeons can fly 500 to 600 miles

B.hardships and dangers cannot block pigeon's instinct to return home

C.racing horses are able to learn much faster than other horses

D.the message paper is carried usually under the wings of the pigeons √

解析：

(4).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：1.00）

A.Animals can serve people in many ways. √

B.The difference between trained dogs and normal ones.

C.Man made use of animals long ago.

D.Animals can bring pleasure to human beings.

解析：

四、{{B}}SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST{{/B}}(总题数：4，分数：9.00)

{{I}}Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.{{/I}}

（分数：2.00）

(1).When Nina Simon was young, she received training in ______.（分数：1.00）

A.piano playing √

B.classical music

C.jazz and blue

D.classical dance

解析：[听力原文]21-22 The jazz and blue singer Nina Simone has died at her home in southern France. Born in North Carolina, she was originally trained as a classical pianist and became a star with her performance of I Love You Porgy from the. opera Porgy and Vest. She was best known for her interpretation of My Baby Just Cares for Me and a version of the number I Put A Spell On You. Her programs also included a large number of civil rights songs.

(2).She was best known for the interpretation of ______.（分数：1.00）

A.I love You Porgy

B.My Baby Just Cares for Me √

C.Porgy and Vest

D.I Put A Spell On You

解析：

{{I}}Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.{{/I}}

（分数：2.01）

(1).What has happened to Tomaz Humar?（分数：0.67）

A.He fell off the mountain.

B.He lost his way to his base camp.

C.He was held by ice screws and ropes on the cliff. √

D.He lost his sleeping bag.

解析：[听力原文]23-24 Tomaz Humor had spent nearly a week huddled on a shelf of the cliff six thousand meters up Nanga Parbat. He was held in his unsteady and dangerous position by ice screws and ropes. The temperature inside his sleeping bag was minus five degree Celsius. Repeated attempts tu rescue him failed because of snowstorms and avalanches. But on Wednesday two Pakistani military helicopters managed to fly close enough to his perch for one of them to dangle a line to him.

(2).Why did NOT the rescue go smoothly?（分数：0.67）

A.Because of the military interference.

B.Because of the low temperature.

C.Because of the avalanches and bad weather. √

D.Because of the unconsciousness of Tomaz Humar.

解析：

__________________________________________________________________________________________

解析：

{{I}}Questions 26 and 27 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 26 and 27 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.{{/I}}

（分数：2.00）

(1).Absenteeism in Britain ______.（分数：1.00）

A.is now a big problem √

B.could lead to dismiss of the staff

C.is not so serious as before

D.is protected by the employment laws

解析：[听力原文]26-27 In some countries, taking lots of days off work sick would get you fired and the idea of offering prizes for good attendance would be little more than a joke. But absenteeism has become a big problem in Britain, where the employment laws offer protection to sick workers, but do not enable employers to distinguish between the genuinely ill and those who are pretending. When the Royal Mail announced a scheme to enter reliable workers into a prize draw, it was greeted with some skepticism. But one year on, the company has proclaimed it a success. Thirty-seven Royal Mail workers have won a car for good attendance.

(2).What was people's response to Royal Mall's scheme?（分数：1.00）

A.It was warmly welcomed.

B.People could understand the action.

C.They had some doubt about it. √

D.They were indifferent to such a move.

解析：

{{I}}Questions 28 to 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.{{/I}}

{{I}}Questions 28 to 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.{{/I}}

（分数：3.00）

(1).What is NOT true to that World Cup?（分数：1.00）

A.It was held in 1986.

B.The disputed goal occurred in the quarterfinals.

C.The score between Argentina and England was 2 to 1.

D.Argentina eventually lifted the World Cup with the score of 2 to 1. √

解析：[听力原文]28-30 There has long been intense football rivalry between Argentina and England, but when the two teams met in the quarterfinals of the 1986 World Cup, the disputed goal became one of the most famous in the world. Challenging the England goalkeeper for the ball, the short and stocky Maradona raised his left arm into the air to fist the ball into the net. Television pictures and photographs released later, showed the goal to be illegal. Maradona claimed it was "the hand of God" which had guided the ball, not his own. Argentina went on to win 2-1 and eventually lift the World Cup. Nineteen years later, Maradona finally admitted a truth that everyone knew. Few will be angered—his second goal against England on the same match was one of the finest individual efforts in World Cup history. The defeated England coach described it as a miracle, which following the Hand-of-God's goal seems supremely apt.

(2).The ball going into the net ______.（分数：1.00）

A.was fisted by Maradona's left arm √

B.was beaten by Maradona's right elbow

C.was flipped by Maradona's fingers

D.was pushed by Maradona's left hand

解析：

(3).What was the response to such a controversial goal?（分数：1.00）

A.Maradona described it as a miracle.

B.The England coach claimed it was the will of God.

C.Years later Maradona told the truth. √

D.Many people felt very angry.

解析：

五、{{B}}PART Ⅲ CLOZE{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：20.00)

The effect of the baby boom on the schools helped to make possible a shift in thinking about the role of public education in the 1920's. In the 1920's, but especially in the Depression of the 1930's, the United States experienced a{{U}} (31) {{/U}}birth rate. Then with the prosperity{{U}} (32) {{/U}}by the Second World War and the economic boom that followed, young people married and{{U}} (33) {{/U}}households earlier and began to{{U}} (34) {{/U}}larger families than had their{{U}} (35) {{/U}}during the Depression. Birth rates rose to 102 per thousand in 1946, 106.2 in 1950, and 118 in 1955. {{U}}(36) {{/U}}economics was probably the most important{{U}} (37) {{/U}}, it is not the only explanation for the baby boom. The increased value placed{{U}} (38) {{/U}}the idea of the family also helps to{{U}} (39) {{/U}}this rise in birth rates. The baby boomers began streaming{{U}} (40) {{/U}}the first grade by the mid-1940s and became a{{U}} (41) {{/U}}by 1950. The public school system suddenly found itself{{U}} (42) {{/U}}. The wartime economy meant that few new schools were built between 1940 and 1945. {{U}}(43) {{/U}}, large numbers of teachers left their profession during that period for better-paid jobs

elsewhere.

{{U}} (44) {{/U}}, in the 1950s, the baby boom hit an antiquated and{{U}} (45) {{/U}}school system. Consequently, the custodial rhetoric of the 1930s no longer made{{U}} (46) {{/U}}; keeping youths aged sixteen and older out of the labor market by keeping them in school could no longer be a high{{U}} (47) {{/U}}for an institution unable to find space and staff to teach younger children. With the baby boom, the focus of educators{{U}} (48) {{/U}}turned toward the lower grades and back to basic academic skills and{{U}} (49) {{/U}}. The system no longer had much{{U}} (50) {{/U}}in offering nontraditional, new, and extra services to the older youths.

（分数：20.00）

A.accelerating

B.strengthening

C.declining √

D.fluctuating

解析：动词上下文理解题。句意为：美国经历了一个出生率下降时期。与下文讲的二战后出现的生育高峰联系，我们知道关于大萧条时期婴儿的出生率应该是declining“衰退的，下降的”。fluctuating表示“变动，上下波动”，语义含糊；accelerating表示“激增”；strengthening表示“增强”，不合题意，且搭配不当。

A.took on

B.aroused from

C.brought on √

D.carded off

解析：短语语义题。句意为：随着二战带来的繁荣和随后的经济增长…。arouse from表示“唤醒”；take on表示“呈现，具有”；carry off表示“夺去…的生命，成功对付”。只有brought on“带来，引起”符合句意。

A.adopted

B.incorporated

C.administered

D.established √

解析：固定搭配题。根据句意，这里表示成家早。成家用固定搭配establish household表示。adopt表示“采用，收养”，例如：adopt a new idea采纳新意见。incorporate意思是“合并，成立，组建”，一般表示组建成合法公司，如：incorporate a business组建公司；administer表示“掌管；处理”，意思不合适。

A.increase

B.raise √

C.erect

D.generate

解析：动词语义题。句意为：年轻人都结婚成家早，比在大萧条时期的前辈更早地养活一大家于人。所以这里只有raise合适，另外用support也可以表示“养家”。

A.predecessors √

B.successors

C.processors

D.dominators

解析：名词词义题。根据句意(见上题)，只有predecessors可以表示前辈的意思。successors表示“后继者”；processors意思是“处理器”；dominator则是“支配者，支配力，统治者”，均不合题意。A.Since

B.Despite

C.Although √

D.Unless

解析：连词上下文衔接题。句意为：尽管经济增长是出现生育高峰的决定因素，但并不是唯一的原因。只有although合乎题意。

A.dominance

B.determinant √

C.determiner

D.premise

解析：名词理解题。根据句意(见上题)，“决定因素”用determinant来表示；其近义词dominance则强调“优势，统治权，支配地位”；determiner表示“限定词”；而premise表示“前提，先决条件”，均不合题意。

A.at

B.on √

C.for

D.with

解析：介词搭配题。句意为：越来越多地对家庭的重视也有助于解释出生率的增长。place value on“对…重视，看重”。

A.demonstrate

B.interpret

C.exhibit

D.explain √

解析：动词上下文题。根据上下文，这里要填表解释说明的动词，只有explain合适。

A.through

B.across

C.into √

D.towards

解析：介词题。句意为：高峰期出生的儿童开始陆续进入一年级，后来便如潮水般地涌入了。stream into 表示“小河流水般进入”。

A.creek

B.flood √

C.torment

D.torrent

解析：名词语义题。根据句意(见上题)，creek指“小溪”，气势不够；torment表示“痛苦”，不合题意；torrent表示“急流，狂风大雨”，强调凶险。flood则表示气势恢宏，连绵不绝，强调量大。因此选[B]。

A.overtaxed √

B.overdosed

C.overweighed

D.overlapped

解析：动词语义题。句意为：公立学校体制突然发现不堪重负了。overdosed表示“用药过量”；overweighed 表示“超重”；overlapped表示“重叠”；overtaxed合乎题意，表示“超负荷”。

A.Moreover √

B.However

C.Otherwise

D.Thus

解析：连词上下文理解题。承接上句，我们知道这里表示情况进一步恶化，大量的教师在此期间离岗转向薪水更加丰厚的职业了。所以只有moreover合适。

A.Nevertheless

B.Therefore √

C.Furthermore

D.Hence

解析：连词衔接题。句意为：所以，五十年代生育高峰冲击了陈旧和(能力)不足的教育体制。这里应填一个表因果关系的词，只有therefore合适。

A.deficient

B.incomplete

C.inadequate √

D.partial

解析：形容词语义题。inadequate意思是“不足的，不充分”，特指没有足够的能力来实现某种需求或达到某种要求的；近义词deficient表示“有缺陷的，缺乏某种重要品质或要素的；或者在数量或程度方面不足的”，与此处所强调的重心不一样；而incomplete则指从宏观上整体上看“不完全的，不完整的”；partial意思是“部分的，不完全的”，也可以表示“偏爱的，有偏见的”，语义上不合题意。

A.sense √

B.meaning

C.conception

D.cognition

解析：固定搭配题。句意为：所以，三十年代托管监护的言辞已经没有意义。make sense表示“使…有意义”。

A.notoriety

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9518034049.html,patibility

C.proximity

D.priority √

解析：名词语义题。句意为：通过让十六岁及以上年龄的年轻人呆在学校，以使他们不进入劳动力市场的方法已经不再是教育机构优先考虑的问题了。notoriety意思是“恶名，臭名昭著”；compatibility表示“兼容性”；proximity表示“接近”，不合题意。所以选priority“优先”。

A.refutably

B.indispensably

C.inevitably √

D.irrationally

解析：副词上下文理解题。根据句意可知，迫于生育高峰的压力，教育工作者的注意力不可避免地转移到低年级学生，回归到基本的学业技能和科目。refutably指“可反驳地”；indispensably意思是“不可分割地”；irrationally表示“不合理地，无理性地”；只有inevitably“不可避免地”合乎题意。

A.conference

B.symposium

C.seminar

D.discipline √

解析：短语搭配题。根据句意(见上题)，因为回归到基本技能和学科，所以选择discipline“学科”。其他选项中，conference表示“学术会议”；symposium表示“座谈会，讨论会”；seminar表示“研究会，讨论会”，均与上文(回归到基本)意思不符。

A.ability

B.interest √

C.benefit

D.advantage

解析：名词搭配题。根据句意可知，教育系统已经没有兴趣给大龄的青年人提供非传统的、新的和额外的服务。have interest in sth．表示“对某事物感兴趣”，合乎题意。advantage表示“优势”。

六、{{B}}PART Ⅳ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY{{/B}}(总题数：30，分数：30.00)

2.It turned out that the officer was not ______ for the abuse of land.

（分数：1.00）

A.to blame √

B.to be blamed

C.to be blaming

D.to have been blamed

解析：非谓语动词题。be to blame是一个习惯搭配，意为“该受责备”。

3.During times of war or economic ______ many people convert their wealth into precious stones, which are transportable and more easily sold.

（分数：1.00）

A.distraction

B.disturbance √

C.tremor

D.vibration

解析：名词辨析题。disturbance意为“骚动，动乱，干扰，骚乱”。distraction意为“思想不集中，分心，心烦意乱”；tremor意为“震动，颤动”；vibration意为“振动，颤动，感应，共鸣”。

4.Our scientific findings cannot be regarded as ______ in such a short period of time.

（分数：1.00）

A.to have been obtained

B.to be obtained

C.having been obtained √

D.being obtained

解析：非谓语动词及时态题。as在这里是介词，后面应接名词性质的词，create的动作是过去发生的，所以选[C]。

5.Ms Smith was ______ pleased when heard her daughter failed the Entrance Exam to College again. （分数：1.00）

A.all but

B.none but

C.anything but √

D.nothing but

解析：关联词辨析。选项[C]表示“除了…之外任何事(物)，根本不”。all but意思是“几乎，差一点”，如：all but crying with relief快乐地差一点大叫起来；none but表示“只有”，主要用于修饰人的情形，如：None but the rich have such an opportunity for such a kind of sport．这只是有钱人的运动。nothing but表示“只有，只不过”。

6.The little girl, kind and sensitive, resented ______ by her intimate friends.

（分数：1.00）

A.befooling

B.to be befooled

C.being befooled √

D.having befooled

解析：非谓语动词题。resent后接名词或动名词的作宾语，根据句意，应用动名词的被动语态形式，故正确答案为[C]。

7.This ______ of public money has cast doubts on the actions of the whole top management of the corporation.

（分数：1.00）

A.abuse

B.misuse √

C.mistreatment

D.disoperation

解析：名词辨析题。misuse强调不正确地或者无知的处理方式。abuse“滥用，虐待”，用于指有害的、不适当的、不合理的对待，如毒品滥用和职权滥用；mistreatment表示“虐待”，含怀有恶意而故意造成折磨性的伤害；disoperation指“(同地区生物间对彼此不利的相互)侵害作用”。

8.As ______ announced on today's TV program, the International Fair is also open in Sundays. （分数：1.00）

A.Being

B.to be

C.is √

D.been

解析：从句题。as可以用作关系代词，指代整个句子，引导定语从句，起到承接前面主句的内容或引导出后续主句的内容的作用。因此应选谓语动词is。

9.It is unfortunate that now violence and cartoons ______ the most distinctive characteristic of children's programs.

（分数：1.00）

A.would be

B.should be √

C.might be

D.will be

解析：情态动词辨析。would表示“(过去)将要”；might表示“可能”；will“将要”。因为本句话说的是事实而不是可能性，表示对这种状况的斥责和不理解，所以这三个选项都不合适。should在这里不是用作“应该”的意思，而是表示一种语气，表示“竟然”，符合题意。

10.His maturity appears in the ______ clear-sightedness with which he could observe his own character.

（分数：1.00）

A.indifferent

B.unconcerned

C.detached √

D.incurious

解析：形容词辨析题。detached指不参与，同时对此有客观的看法。indifferent表示不偏向性，没有成见和偏好，对某事物不关心；unconcerned指不感兴趣，也不同情，不关心；incurious“无动于衷”，指缺乏理性的探询和本能的好奇心。

11.The new technological revolution on American newspapers has brought increased ______, a wider range of publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs.

（分数：1.00）

A.manipulation

B.reproduction

C.circulation √

D.penetration

解析：名词辨析题。circulation意为“循环，流通，发行量”。manipulation意为“处理，控制，操纵”；reproduction意为“繁殖，再现，复制品”；penetration意思是“穿过，渗透，突破”。

12.To be honest, I'd rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.

（分数：1.00）

A.have done

B.haven't done

C.don't do

D.didn't do √

解析：虚拟语气题。would rather后接宾语从句，当该从句主语和主句的主语不是同一主体时，从句使用过去时或过去完成时分别表示对现在或一般过去时的虚拟，意为“宁愿某人做某事”。

13.How strict tutors are with their pupils ______ a strong impact on the quality of their pupils' academic papers.

（分数：1.00）

A.has √

B.have

C.having

D.to have

解析：主谓一致题。主语从句作主语，谓语用单数形式。

14.The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated ______ instead of mechanically. （分数：1.00）

A.automatically

B.artificially

C.superficially

D.manually √

解析：副词辨析题。manually意为“用手，手工地”；automatically意为“自动地，机械地”；artificially 意为“人工地，非天然地”；superfic ially“表面地，肤浅地，浅薄地”。

15.The disappearance of her paper has never been ______.

（分数：1.00）

A.counted for

B.looked upon

C.accounted for √

D.checked up

解析：短语动词辨析题。account for意为“解释；说明”。count for意为“值，计”；look upon意为“认为，看待”；check up意为“核实”。

16.The trade unions in this industry are ______ any reduction in wages.

（分数：1.00）

A.opposed to √

B.objecting against

C.reacted to

D.resisting against

解析：短语动词辨析题。be opposed to意为“反对，对抗”；object一般与to搭配使用；react to意

为“做出反应，反应”；resist不与against连用。

17.Going out for a holiday is a good way to relax and refresh yourself, and this is especially true ______ it comes to preventing depression.

（分数：1.00）

A.since

B.before

C.after

D.when √

解析：习惯搭配题。when it comes to是习惯搭配，表示“当谈到…时，当涉及…时”。其他选项没有此意。

18.______ you are proven innocent, you can shake off all the shadows cast on you.

（分数：1.00）

A.While

B.Even though

C.Now that √

D.For

解析：连词用法题。now that意为“既然；由于”，用于新的事情的发生，接一般现在时的句子。while

意思是“虽然”；even though意为“即使”；for意为“因为”。

19.The defending lawyer quickly spotted the ______ in the allegations made by the prosecution. （分数：1.00）

A.difference

B.inconsistency √

C.deficiency

D.gap

解析：名词辨析题。inconsistency“矛盾”。difference“差别，不同”；deficiency“缺乏，不足，缺陷”；gap“间隙，差距，隔阂”。

20.I'm very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to ______ my debt in return for certain services.

（分数：1.00）

A.take away

B.cut out

C.write off √

D.clear up

解析：短语动词辨析题。write off意为“注销，勾销，取消”。take away“取走”；cut out“切掉，取代，停止”；clear up“整理，消除；放晴”。

21.However, as the evidence began to ______, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate. （分数：1.00）

A.accumulate √

B.amass

C.assemble

D.congregate

解析：动词辨析题。句中缺不及物动词。accumulate强调“经过一段较长的时间由少积多的积累”，使用范围广，accumulate enough evidence是“搜集证据”。amass“大量的聚集(财富、信息、所有物等)”，可以指短时/长期的，是及物动词；assemble“召集(人员)，装配(机器或零件等)，汇集(数据等)”；congregate“(人)聚集”。

22.______, she led a life of complete seclusion, and almost isolated from the outside.

（分数：1.00）

A.Being disgraced

B.Disgraced √

C.Disgracing

D.She was disgraced

解析：非谓语动词题。disgraced在这里是过去分词作状语，表示伴随状态。

23.It might be argued that ______ the audience is given a choice between symphony and a Western film, more will chose the latter to watch.

（分数：1.00）

A.considering

B.given

C.provided √

D.supplied

解析：连词用法题。considering和given接从句都有“鉴于，考虑到”的意思，与句意不符；supplied 不能做连词；provided可做连词，意思是“倘若”，符合句意。

24.She is ______ enough when she is not preoccupied with business problems.

（分数：1.00）

A.amiable

B.affable √

C.obliging

D.agreeable

解析：形容词辨析题。affable“和蔼可亲的”，暗指容易接近，不易生气的；amiable“亲切的”，暗指友好的；obliging专门指愿意或渴望帮助别人或满足别人愿望的人；agreeable表示与某人的感情、性情或爱好和谐一致。

25.The clerk reminded him to ______ a stamp to the envelope.

（分数：1.00）

A.attach

B.affix √

C.annex

D.fasten

解析：动词辨析题。affix to意思为“使固定；粘上”，符合句意。attach to表示“属于，与…有关”，如no blames attaches to him for the accident．这次事故的责任与他无关。也可以表示“依恋”，如I'm deeply attached to that car．我很喜欢那辆车。annex to比较正式，意为“附属，兼并，霸占”；fasten to表示“结牢，拴住，扣住”，常常用于小的有形的东西系在一起。选项[A]、[B]、[D]均与句意不符。

26.______ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful party.

（分数：1.00）

A.Were they to arrive √

B.Would they arrive

C.Were they arriving

D.Had they arrived

解析：虚拟语气与倒装结构题。主句谓语是“should+动词原形”，表示与现在事实相反或与将来事实可能相反。从句部分是倒装结构，省略了if，由于句子中的时间状语是the day after tomorrow，所以从句动词应该用与将来事实可能相反的虚拟语气。应为should(were to)+动词原形。

27.Whatever his former conduct ______, his circumstance should exempt him from rebuke now. （分数：1.00）

A.may have been √

B.can be

C.had have been

D.could have been

解析：虚拟语气题。“情态动词+完成时”表示对过去的事情做结论、推测、判断。这里表示作结论。这句话从句是过去时，主句表示现在，也就是我们所说的错综时态虚拟，所以选项[B]和[C]不合语法。选项[A]和[D]合乎语法，但是在语义上有差别，前者表示的不确定的成分比后者多一些，与题意相符，所以选择[A]。

28.We have entered an era when ever greater numbers of people wish to travel and have the means at their ______ of doing so.

（分数：1.00）

A.disposal √

B.disposition

C.arrangement

D.administration

解析：固定搭配题。disposal侧重于表示把某物“处理掉”，disposition侧重于表示把物品整齐排列，短语at one's disposal和at/in one's disposition都表示“任意支配”，前者特别强调任意使用，任凭某人的指挥；arrangement意为“排列，安排”；administration意为“管理，经营”。

29.Being in a tight corner, Jimmy sold for 1000 dollars the ______ of his mother's first work that won her fame.

（分数：1.00）

A.duplicate

B.manuscript √

C.heritage

D.remains

解析：名词辨析题。选项[A]duplicate表示“副本，复制品”，指的是与原品完全一样的东西，已经出版过的就没什么价值了；选项[C]heritage意思是“遗产；传统”；选项[D]remains则表示“残余，遗迹，

遗体”，都不合题意。而根据his mother's first work我们可知，选项[B]manuscript“手稿，原稿”合乎题意。

30.The authority claims that the new pills can dramatically increase life expectancy, but there's no ______ evidence to support this.

（分数：1.00）

A.empirical √

B.actual

C.concrete

D.imperial

解析：形容词辨析题。empirical意为“依赖经验的，依赖实践经验而非理论所指导的”，尤指医学方面。actual“实际的，真实的，现行的”；concrete意为“具体的，有形的”；imperial意为“皇家的；庄严的”。

31.In the course of the whole life the wise businessmen do far more than just ______ money. （分数：1.00）

A.made

B.to make

C.make √

D.making

解析：固定用法题。do more than do sth. 意为“做…是不够的”。

七、{{B}}PART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSION{{/B}}(总题数：4，分数：20.00)

{{B}}TEXT A{{/B}}

The Metropolitan Police will no longer describe black people as black, as part of a new attempt to counter charges of racism in the force. Both black and Asian people will in future be referred to as "visible minority ethnics".

The term, which replaces the phrase "black and Asian minority ethnics" is expected to be adopted officially in January.

The decision was criticized yesterday as unnecessary and confusing by black police officers. Anna Scott, the general secretary of the National Black Police Association, said it amounted to a step too far by the "political correctness" movement.

"We have gone from saying 'black ethnic minority' to 'black minority ethnic' to 'visible minority ethnic' in a matter of years," she said. "There has been so much emphasis on the issue of terminology, that the issue has become confusing for black police officers, let alone white ones. We are risking becoming too politically correct at the expense of being clearly understood by officers and the general public."

A senior police official told The Telegraph that some white officers were using the phrase so that they would avoid saying the words "black" or "Asian", for fear of causing offence.

The official claimed that the term would allow these communities to be distinguished for others—such as the Irish and the Greeks—whose members are, according to the new terminology, "invisible" because they tend to be light-skinned.

In the 1960s, the phrase "colored" was officially used by some police

forces. By the 1970s, this had changed to "black" to describe people whose ancestors originated from the Caribbean and Africa and "Asian" for those who originated from the Indian subcontinent.

The phrase "ethnic minority" was also widely used as a collective term for both groups, but this was dropped in favor of "minority ethnic" five years ago, promising criticism that it was an improper use of English. Bernard Lamb, the chairman of the London branch of the Queen's English Society, said that the new description was grammatically incorrect and over-sensitive. "I do not like this new term at all. The word 'ethnic' is an adjective and you cannot pluralize an adjective," he said. "They seem to have used a euphemism for black and Asian when I imagine most black and Asian people do not mind the empty words themselves at all."

The change will cost a significant sum of public money in retraining officers and rewriting manuals and a spokesman for the Metropolitan Police said that some senior officers were already using the term.

The spokesman said that the new term was not a redefinition but was meant to standardize the phraseology used by the police.

"Concerns have been raised about the nature and range of terms used in papers presented to the authority when discussing ethnicity."

"To ensure that there is a uniform approach and understanding of terminology used in future, and that offence is avoided, the January meeting of the authority's equal opportunities and diversity board will make decisions about the terminology we expect to use," he said.

（分数：5.00）

(1).The word "promising" in Line 2, Para. 8 can be replaced by ______.（分数：1.00）

A.giving rise to √

B.indicating

C.guaranteeing

D.ignoring

解析：词汇语义题。第八段讲到ethnic minority被广泛用来指称这两个群体的集合名词，然而五年前突然改成了minority ethnic，被认为是英语使用不当。从下面两段的第一句话我们知道这次改变招致了批评：不仅语法错误，过分敏感，而且花费不菲。因此只有选项[A]合适。

(2).For Bernard Lamb, the shift from "ethnic minority" to "minority ethnic" ______.（分数：1.00）

A.is condemned by all the classes

B.has no essential improvement at all

C.is no more than a trend of degradation or back up √

D.reflects the conflict between the authority and the minorities

解析：事实细节题。根据文章的第九段我们可以看出Bernard Lamb对这个名称持批评态度，认为不仅不合乎语法，而且过分敏感，由此可以推断这应是一种倒退，而不仅仅是没有改进，所以排除干扰项[B]，选[C]。选项[A]和[D]都不是Lamb要表达的观点。

(3).Why in Lamb's eyes most black and Asian people de not mind the words at all?（分数：1.00）

A.They have been fed up with such word play and tricks.

B.They know that there is no substantial change at all. √

C.What they care is the association of the words, not the words themselves.

D.They arc apathetic to such political issues, for they are so far from them.

解析：推理判断题。Lamb暗示黑人和亚裔对警察部门对他们称呼的改变漠视的原因是这只是官方的委婉说法，他们的地位根本没有实质性的改变，而不是因为民众不关心政治。选项[A]没有提及。根据第九段最后

一句话“这只是对亚裔和黑人的委婉称呼，我想大多数人对这种空话本身并不感兴趣”。我们可以推断在Lamb眼里，人们关心的是实质性的改变，而不是名称本身。选项[C]只可能是其中的一个心理方面的因素。选项[D]，观点不正确，不合题意，予以排除。所以正确答案为[B]。

(4).The author takes a(an) ______ stance to the shift of names.（分数：1.00）

A.critical

B.objective √

C.indifferent

D.sarcastic

解析：作者态度题。文章的主要讲述对亚裔和黑人称呼的改变所引起的各方反应，作者是在引述公众、语言学家、白人警察、发言人对名称的变更的评述和反应。作者一直站在观察者的角度来客观报道这桩事件的始末，没有夹杂个人因素。并不是漠然，更不是讽刺，所以选项[C]和[D]排除；选项[A]是干扰项，但是我们应该注意的是，这一切的评价话语，不是作者本人说的，而是引用别人的。所以排除选项[A]，故选[B]。

(5).The article is most possibly taken from ______.（分数：1.00）

A.an encyclopedia.

B.a report in a newspaper. √

C.a periodical on terminology standardization.

D.a policemen guide.

解析：推理判断题。本题考察读者的推理判断能力。文章内容是评述警察采用不同的名称来称呼亚裔和其他黑人以及引起的各方反应。改名字的目的是为了减少政治敏感性引起的不必要的冲突，但是效果适得其反：不仅白人不理解，黑人和亚裔不在乎，而且是以模糊和人们的不解为代价。这样的文章不会出现在大百科全书中，所以选项[A]排除；选项[C]“术语标准化期刊”，本文虽然涉及到术语的变更，但是标准化应该讲述的是变更的标准以及最后的解决方案；选项[D]“警察生活指南”，重心肯定不会涉及社会各界的反应，予以排除。所以本文的出处最有可能的是报纸的报道。故选[B]。

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n h e n f 谢谢聆听 四、 考生应核对本人姓名并将准考证号及姓名准确填写在答题卡上。 五、 各项选择题的答案一定要写在答题卡2上。听写做在答题卡1上，作文做 在答题卡3上。凡是写在试题册上的答案一律不得分。考生不得在答题卡 空白处填写校名和姓名，违者试卷作零分处理。 六、 各项选择题必须使用2B 铅笔填写，浓度要盖过字母底色；每题只能选一 答案，多选、不选不得分。 七、 听写及作文用规定的黑色字迹签字笔（0.5mm 或以上）书写。答卷内容不 要超过规定的框，超越部分无效。考试规定时间到后，不按时交卷者将被 取消此次考试成绩。 八、 手机等通讯工具不得带入考场。考试时不得使用词典（含电子词典）及其他工具书。答题卡上任何地方都不得使用涂改液。

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others. (34)_____of us could know how our relationship would 34.A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. Each (35)_______over the years .When I came back to DeMatha to 35. A. evolve B. stay C. remain D. turn teach English, I worked for Dr Offutt,the department chair.Mydiscussion with him were like graduate seminars in adolescent(36)______,classroom management and school leadership. 36.A.process B.procedure C.development D.movement After several years,I was (37)_______department chair, 37.A.called https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9518034049.html,d C.asked

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the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Do stude nts lear n more from classes tha n from other resources? With the adve nt of the Internet and other telecom muni cati ons tech no logies, there is a vastly grow ing wealth of resources available from an imme nse range of media outlets. Students have the ability to absorb information in a quicker and more efficie nt way whe n researchi ng on own through read ing publicati ons or brows ing webpages online. As a result, some people argue that students now more from other resources tha n from classes. Con duct ing research with on li ne materials is an active process, which allows youn gsters to focus in greater detail rather than passively listening to a lecture in a large classroom. The Internet and TV are also easily accessible platforms for stude nts in the remote places where teachi ng resources are not as abundant as those in more developed regi ons. However, teachers have the capability of expla ining kno wledge in a deeper way and not only provide theoretical explanation but also practical experience about life. They have accumulated a large body of in tellige nce that is profo un dly more precise tha n other sources. Teachers not only function as initiators who impart knowledge but also serve as supervisors or guardians. The conventional role of instructors, in this day and age, has evolved to become evaluators and facilitators, guiding students in their academic and personal efforts. 范文 1 In the information age, the traditional student-teacher their learn the

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