Part I Listening Comprehension
Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks)
Section A (5 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear 5 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. A. The man is not suitable for the position.
B. The job has been given to someone else.
C. She hadn't received the man's application.
2. A. He is going to see his section chief.
B. He is going to have a job interview.
C. He is going to see his girlfriend.
3. A. Ask to see the man's ID card. B. Get the briefcase for the man.
C. Show the man her documents.
4. A. The dorm room is too crowded. B. There is no kitchen in the building.
C. No one looks after the dorm building.
5. A. She was always in good shape. B. She stopped exercising one year ago.
C. She lost a lot of weight in one year.
Section B (10 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, you must read the five questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Conversation One
6. What is soon to open in China?
A. The French Movie Festival.
B. The French Cultural Year.
C. The French Food Festival.
7. How many exhibitions will be held for this activity?
A. 200.
B. 20.
C. 100.
8. What will be held at the foot of the Great Wall?
A. The City Concert.
B. The Opening Ceremony.
C. The Great Lunch.
9. Which of the following cities is not included in this activity?
A. Chongqing.
B. Wuhan.
C. Shenzhen.
10. What will certainly make great contributions to this activity?
A. Internet.
B. TV shows.
C. Newspapers. Conversation Two
11. What sound more like a native speaker in a casual conversation?
A. Examples.
B. Verbs.
C. Idioms.
12. Which of the following sounds more informal and more natural?
A. Get together.
B. Meet.
C. See.
13. Which of the following means that you cannot interrupt me?
A. I'm tied up.
B. I have a lot on my plate.
C. I'm busy.
14. In American culture, what is considered important in a conversation?
A. Using proper language
B. Making eye contact.
C. Looking at your own feet.
15. In business, how might Americans feel about you if you are looking away?
A. You're feeling ashamed.
B. You're telling the truth.
C. You're telling a lie.
Section C (5 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear 5 short news items. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the question and then the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
16. How long will it take for new forests to grow back?
A. 65 years.
B. 20 years.
C. 40 years.
17. What did Jimmy Carter plan to focus his efforts on after leaving the White House in 1981?
A. A presidential library.
B. Camp David.
C. Winning a second term.
18. What was regarded as the lifeblood of the country of the Maldives?
A. Oil.
B. Agriculture.
C. Tourism.
19. What is responsible for the death of many people in developing countries?
A. The development of resistance to diseases.
B. The difficulty to cure new emerging diseases.
C. The inability of the poor to afford medicine.
20. What released an estimated 8.7 million tons of the global warming gas?
A. Cars.
B. Wildfires.
C. Wars.
Section D (10 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words or phrases in it. Fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.
A researcher says lead in the environment could be a major cause of violence by young people. Doctor Herbert Needleman is a (21) ________ at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pennsylvania and he (22) ________ his findings at the yearly meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Doctor Needleman says the presence of lead in the (23) ________ changes the neurons that control actions and that can cause a person to act in antisocial and (24) ________ ways.
In the 1970s, Doctor Needleman found lower scores on (25) ________ even in children who did not have such signs of lead poisoning. After that, lead was (26)________ gasoline and paint in the United States. Yet many homes still have old lead paint. Lead was also used in older (27) ________. In fact, officials just announced stronger testing and reporting requirements as from next year for lead in American drinking water.
The newest research shows that even very small amounts of lead in bones can affect brain development. A simple (28)________ can measure lead except that an X-ray process is needed to measure levels in bone. In 2004, such tests were done on 190 young people who were (29) ________ and the findings showed that their average levels were higher than normal. And, in 1998, three hundred children were studied and the test scores showed higher levels of (30) ________ problems in those with increased levels of lead. Yet these levels were still considered safe by the government.
Part II V ocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 marks)
Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
31. So nervous ________ that she didn't know how to start her speech.
A. since she became
B. would she become
C. that she became
D. did she become
32. He ________ another career but, at the time, he just wanted to earn money to study abroad.
A. might have chosen
B. might choose
C. had to choose
D. must have chosen
33. The second report was ________ by August 2005, but one year later it was still nowhere in sight.
A. submitted
B. to have submitted
C. to submit
D. to have been submitted
34. In this experiment, the students studied are stopped several times during the listening test and asked to report what they ________ during the pause before answering the questions.
A. had just been thinking about
B. have just been thinking about
C. are just thinking about
D. had just thought about
35. I was always taught that it was ________ to interrupt.
A. rude
B. coarse
C. rough
D. crude
36. Small boys are ________ questioners. They ask questions all the time.
A. original
B. peculiar
C. imaginative
D. persistent
37. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are ________.
A. out of work
B. out of reach
C. out of stock
D. out of practice
38. The bomb will ________ the moment it is touched.
A. go on
B. go off
C. go out
D. go over
39. The car won't ________; I've tried it several times, but it won't work.
A. begin
B. launch
C. start
D. drive
40. Children and old people do not like having their daily ________ upset.
A. habit
B. routine
C. practice
D. custom
41. In your first few days at school you'll be given a test to help the teachers to ________ you to a class at your level.
A. locate
B. assign
C. deliver
D. place
42. China only started its nuclear power industry in recent years, and should ________ no time in catching up.
A. lose
B. delay
C. spare
D. relieve
43. — You did an excellent job yesterday, Jim! I really enjoyed your presentation.
— ________
— Oh yeah, it was fabulous. It seems the English program is a great way to practice English.
— Yeah. It is fun and motivating.
A. Did you really?
B. Oh, thank you. You are so kind.
C. Really? What about yours?
D. Not at all. My pleasure.
44. — What kind of music do you like?
— Well, I like different kinds.
— ________
— Er, I especially like punk rock.
A. I beg your pardon?
B. Are you serious?
C. Any in particular?
D. Why do you think so?
45. — How did you like the fashion show last night?
— ________
— I didn't see anything wrong with the clothes; they looked pretty nice to me.
— Do you really think people can wear that stuff and walk around in streets?
A. Impressive. It's a good way to show off women's sense of style and wealth.
B. It was cool. The clothes are more beautiful than the people wearing them.
C. Nothing serious. It's only a show to attract the eyes of fashion fans.
D. It was dumb. I think it's stupid for women to wear clothes like that.
Part III Reading Comprehension (20 minutes, 40 marks)
Section A (4 marks)
Directions: There is one passage in this section with 4 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Questions 46-49 are based on the following passage.
The ability to “see” oneself in the future is a remarkable human trait - some would say unique - that is not well understood. That's despite the fact that we probably spend as much time thinking about the future as we do thinking about the present.
Now new research from Washington University in St. Louis suggests that it's precisely because we can remember the past that we can visualize the future. “Our findings provide convincing support for the idea that memory and future thought are highly interrelated and help explain why future thought may be impossible without memories,” says doctoral candidate Karl Szpunar. The findings are consistent with other research showing that persons with little memory of the past, such as young children or individuals suffering from loss of memory, are less able to see themselves in the future.
The researchers base their conclusions on brain scans of 21 college students who were cued to think about something in their past, and anticipate the same event in the future, like a birthday or getting lost. The experiment was carried out as each student lay on their stomach in a magnetic resonance imaging machine, a dreadful but very useful piece of equipment that can show which areas of the brain are stimulated during specific thought processes.
The students were also asked to picture former President Bill Clinton in a past and future setting. Clinton was chosen because he was easily recognized and familiar to all the students.
The researchers found a “surprisingly complete overlap” among regions of the brain used for remembering the student's past and those used for picturing the future. And every region involved in remembering was also used in anticipating the future.
In short, the researchers isolated the area of the brain that “lit up” when the students thought about an event in their own past. And more importantly, that same area lit up again when they thought about a similar event in their future. In fact, the researchers report that the brain activity was so similar in both cases that it was “indistinguishable.”
The findings were reinforced when students imagined Bill Clinton. Since none of them knew him personally, their memories were not autobiographical. And the brain scans showed “significantly less” correlation between memories of having seen pictures of Clinton in the White House and projecting him into the future.
So this “time machine,” as the researchers describe it, allows us to use the past to see ourselves in the future, and both our memories and our anticipation are interdependent.
46. A remarkable human trait that is not well understood is the ability ________.
A. to think about the past
B. to see the future
C. to remember the past
D. to control the present
47. The findings support that ________.
A. future goals will greatly influence a person's present performance
B. a person's present performance is determined by his / her past knowledge
C. future thought depends to a great degree on the memory of the past
D. present thought is impossible without the ability to imagine the future
48. The conclusion of the experiment on students was that ________.
A. the students could picture themselves better than Bill Clinton in a past and future setting
B. the students could imagine themselves as well as Bill Clinton in a past and future setting
C. the students could anticipate Bill Clinton better than themselves in a past and future setting
D. the students could only picture themselves in a past and future setting but not Bill Clinton
49. This “time machine” in the las t paragraph most probably refers to ________.
A. clock
B. brain scanning
C. magnetic resonance imaging
D. memory
Section B (14 marks)
Directions: There is one passage in this section with 10 questions. Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.
For questions 50-55, mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 56-59, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Visiting the White House
White House Tours
Public tours of the White House are available for groups of 10 or more people. Requests must be submitted through one's Member of Congress and are accepted up to six months in advance. These self-guided tours are available from 7:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Tuesday through Saturday (excluding federal holidays), and are scheduled on a first come, first served basis approximately one month in advance of the requested date. We encourage you to submit your request as early as possible since a limited number of tours are available. All White House tours are free of charge. For the most current tour information, please call the 24-hour line at 202-456-7041. Please note that White House tours may be subject to last minute cancellation.
White House Visitor Center
All tours are significantly enhanced if visitors stop by the White House Visitor Center located at the southeast corner of 15th and E Streets, before or after their tour. The Center is open seven days a week from 7:30 a.m. until 4:00 p.m. and features many aspects of the White House, including its architecture, furnishings, first families, social events, and relations with the press and world leaders, as well as a thirty-minute video. Allow between 20 minutes to one hour to explore
the exhibits. The White House Historical Association also sponsors a sales area. Please note that restrooms are available, but food service is not.
Mobility-Impaired / Using a Wheelchair
Guests requiring the loan of a wheelchair should notify the officer at the Visitors Entrance Building upon arrival.
Wheelchairs loans are offered on a first-come, first-served basis. Reservations are not possible.
Visitors in wheelchairs, or with other mobility disabilities, on the Congressional guided or self-guided tours, between 8:00 a.m. and 12 noon, use the same Visitor entrance and, with up to four members of their party, are admitted without waiting in line and without tickets.
Visitors in wheelchairs are escorted by ramp from the entrance level to the ground floor, and by elevator from the ground to the state floor. Guests generally wait in line with their family or group.
Hearing-Impaired
Tours for hearing-impaired groups may be arranged in advance by writing to the Visitors Office, White House, Washington, DC 20502. Tours are usually scheduled at 9:30 a.m., between the Congressional and public tour times. Participants enter at the East Appointment gate. A U.S. Secret Service / Uniformed Division Tour Officer conducts the tour in sign language. Signed tours are available to groups of 8 to 20. Groups are also encouraged to bring their own interpreters.
Signing interpretation is also available for individual visitors with advance notice. A Congressional office first issues guided tour tickets to a guest who is hearing-impaired and then contacts the Visitors Office at least 2 weeks in advance to request interpreter service.
The Visitors Office TDD (telephone device for the deaf) is 202-456-2121. Messages may be left outside normal business hours.
Visually-Impaired
Tours for visually-impaired groups may be arranged in advance by writing to the Visitors Office, White House, Washington, DC 20502. The tours are usually scheduled at 9:30 a.m., between the Congressional and public tour times. Participants enter at the East Appointment gate.
A U.S. Secret Service / Uniformed Division Tour Officer permits visitors to touch specific objects in the House. Touch tours are currently available only to groups of 8 to 20, not to individual visitors. Guide animals are permitted in the White House.
General Tour Information
All White House tours are free. Changes in tour schedules are occasionally made because of official events. Notice may not be given until that morning. The Visitors Office 24-hour Information Line recording at 202-456-7041 provides the most up-to-date information. The TDD is 202-456-2121. Visitors should confirm tour schedules by calling the information line the night before and the morning that they plan to visit. It is occasionally necessary to close individual rooms on the tour; however, notice about closed rooms is not possible.
Prohibited Items
Prohibited items include, but are not limited to, the following: handbags, book bags, backpacks, purses, food and beverages of any kind, strollers, cameras, video recorders or any type of recording device, tobacco products, personal grooming items (make-up, hair brush or comb, lip or hand lotions, etc.), any pointed objects (pens, knitting needles, etc.), aerosol containers, guns, ammunition, fireworks, electric stun guns, mace, martial arts weapons / devices, or knives of any size. The U.S. Secret Service reserves the right to prohibit any other personal items. Umbrellas, wallets, cell phones and car keys are permitted.
Please note that no storage facilities are available on or around the complex. Individuals who arrive with prohibited items will not be permitted to enter the White House.
Parking
The closest Metrorail stations to the White House are Federal Triangle (blue and orange lines), Metro Center (blue, orange, and red lines) and McPherson Square (blue and orange lines). On-street parking is not available near the White House, and use of public transportation is strongly encouraged.
Restrooms / Public Telephones
The nearest restrooms and public telephones to the White House are in the Ellipse Visitor Pavilion (the park area south of the White House) and in the White House Visitor Center. Restrooms or public telephones are not available at the White House.
50. Both Congressional guided and self-guided tours need to be scheduled in advance.
51. All White House tours are free of charge except on federal holidays.
52. The White House Visitor Center provides free drinks but not food service.
53. Wheelchair reservation service is provided by the officer at the Visitors Entrance Building.
54. Hearing-impaired visitors can request signing interpretation service from the Visitors Office.
55. Touch tours are currently only offered to visually-impaired groups of 8 to 20.
56. Sometimes official events make it necessary to close ________________ without notice.
57. The personal items permitted to be carried into the White House are ________________.
58. The transportation visitors are encouraged to use is ________________.
59. Inside the White House, visitors cannot find or use restrooms or ________________.
Section C (10 marks)
Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in as few words as possible (not more than 10 words). Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.
Questions 60-64 are based on the following passage.
If you were on a distant planet, and if you had instruments that could tell you the composition of Earth's atmosphere, how would you know there was life on this planet?
Water in the atmosphere would suggest there could be water on the surface, and as we all know water is considered crucial to life. But water would only suggest that life is possible. It wouldn't prove it's there.
Carbon? That basic component of “life as we know it?” Not necessarily. A diamond is pure carbon, and it may be pretty, but it isn't alive.
What really sets Earth apart is nitrogen, which makes up 80 percent of the planet's atmosphere. And it's there only because there is abundant life on Earth, say scientists at the University of Southern California.
The report grew out of a class discussion two years ago in a course taught by Capone and Kenneth Nealson, professor of earth sciences. Students were asked to come up with different ideas about searching for life on other planets. What is a distinct “signature,” as Capone puts it, that would show there is life on another planet?
That's a question that has been kicked around in many quarters in recent decades, especially since all efforts to find some form of life, no matter whether on Mars or in the distant reaches of space, have failed. At least so far.
The current effort to search for some evidence of life on Mars focuses primarily on the search for water, because it has long been believed that water, or at least some fluid, is necessary for the chemical processes that lead life to take place. But that's probably the wrong approach, the USC
group argues.
“It's hard to imagine life without water, but it's easy to imagine water without life,” says Nealson, who was on the Mars team before moving to USC.
But nitrogen would be a much clearer signature of life. Only about 2 percent to 3 percent of the Martian atmosphere is nitrogen. That's just a trace, and it probably means there is no life on Mars today, and if there was in the past, it probably ended many, many years ago.
But, the USC team adds quickly, that doesn't mean there's no life anywhere else in the universe. They don't know where, of course, but they may have found a way to narrow down the search. Look first for nitrogen, then look for biological activity that should be there.
So if life exists elsewhere, and is similar to life as we know it, there should be nitrogen, and that's what we should be looking for first, the researchers say.
If they don't find nitrogen on Mars, Capone says, “that will probably bring us to the conclusion that there likely never w as life on Mars.”
But how about elsewhere? Could this technique be used to search for life in other solar systems?
Maybe. It might be possible to detect a nitrogen-rich atmosphere around a planet orbiting another star, but not yet. Current instruments aren't that sensitive.
If they ever are, the search for life might be narrowed down to the most promising prospects, chiefly because of the presence of nitrogen. And won't that be fun!
Questions:
60. What can suggest life is possible but cannot be proved according to the author?
61. What is a clear “signature” of life on another planet according to Capone?
62. What is considered as a wrong way to search for evidence of life on Mars?
63. What can probably prove there is no life on Mars today based on the new theory?
64. Why is it impossible to use the new technique to search for life in other solar systems now?
Section D (12 marks)
Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in the spaces 65-70. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.
Questions 65-70 are based on the following passage.
In August 2008, athletes from the United States and around the world will compete in the Beijing Olympics. But did you know that in September of next year, disabled athletes will compete in the Paralympic Games in Beijing?
The Olympics and the Paralympics are separate movements. But they have always been held in the same year, and since 1988, they have also been held in the same city. The International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee signed an agreement in 2001 to secure this connection. The next winter games will take place in Vancouver, Canada, in 2010.
The Paralympic Games grew out of a sports competition held in 1948 in England and a doctor named Ludwig Guttmann organized it for men who suffered spinal cord injuries in World War II. Four years later, it became an international event as competitors from the Netherlands took part. Then, in 1960, the first Paralympics were held in Rome. 400 athletes from 23 countries competed. By 2004, the Paralympic Games in Athens had almost 4000 athletes from 136 countries, who may have physical or mental limitations and may be blind or in wheelchairs. Yet sometimes they perform better than athletes without disabilities.
In 1968, Eunice Kennedy Shriver, the sister of former President John F. Kennedy, started the Special Olympics, which are just for children and adults with mental limitations and whose programs currently serve more than two million people in 160 countries. In November 2006, in Mumbai, India, teams competed in the First Special Olympics International Cricket Cup. In addition to India, there were men's teams from Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the West Indies. There were also women's cricket teams from India and Pakistan.
There are many organizations in the United States that help people with disabilities play sports. Wheelchair tennis is a popular sport. So is basketball. In fact, there are more than one hundred professional teams playing wheelchair basketball thanks to the special wheelchairs for athletes that are lightweight and designed for quick moves. For people who want to go really fast in their chairs, there is a Power Wheelchair Racing Association.
In the state of Utah there is a place called the National Ability Center, which teaches all kinds of sports to people with all kinds of physical and mental disabilities and even gives friends and family members a chance to try a sport as if they were disabled.
A reporter from the Washington Post wanted to know what it would be like for a blind person
to use a climbing wall. So, protected by a safety line, the newspaper reporter closed his eyes and started to feel for places to put his hands and feet. Trainers on the ground urged him on: “Take your time. You can do it.” Finally he reached the top.
At the National Ability Center people can learn to ride horses and mountain bikes. They can try winter mountain sports, and learn scuba diving and other water activities. The center also prepares athletes for the Paralympics.
These days, the first place many people go when they want to travel is the Internet, where they can get information about hotels, transportation and services like tour companies. The Internet can also help travelers find special services for the disabled. For example, there are groups that help young people with disabilities travel to different countries.
Susan Sygall, who uses a wheelchair herself, leads an organization called Mobility International USA, and has traveled to more than twenty-five countries to talk about the rights of people with disabilities. She says people with disabilities are all members of a global family and working together across borders is the most powerful way of making changes.
Summary:
The Olympics and the Paralympics are (65) ________ but they have always been held in the same year and also in the same city since 1988 when the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee signed an agreement in 2001 to (66) ________.
The Paralympic Games grew out of a sports competition organized by a doctor named (67) ________ in 1948 in England for men injured in World War II. In 1952, it became an (68)________ and in 1960, the first Paralympics were held in Rome for people who may have physical or mental limitations or may be blind or in wheelchairs.
The (69) ________ was started in 1968 in the United States by Eunice Kennedy Shriver just for children and adults with mental limitations and to help people with disabilities play sports and enjoy other activities, many (70) ________ are founded, such as the Power Wheelchair Racing Association, the National Ability Center and Mobility International USA.
Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 marks)
Section A: There are 5 blanks in the passage. Use the word given on the right side to form a word that fits in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.
Maria Callas was one of the best-known opera singers in the world, who became famous internationally for her beautiful voice and intense (71)________ during the 1950s, and the
recordings of her singing the well-known operas remain very popular today.
Maria Callas was born in New York City in 1923 and her real name was Maria Kalogeropoulous. Her parents were Greek and when she was fourteen, she and her mother returned to Greece, where Maria studied singing at the national conservatory in Athens and the well-known opera (72)________ Elvira de Hidalgo chose Maria as her student.
In 1941, when she was 17, Maria Callas was paid to sing in a major opera for the first time. She sang the (73)________ role in several operas in Athens during the next three years. In 1943, Callas was invited to perform in Italy, which was the real beginning of her profession as an opera singer. She performed major parts in several of the most (74)________ operas. In 1949, she married an Italian (75)________, Giovanni Battista Meneghini, who was twenty years older and became her adviser and manager.
person
sing
lead
fame
industry
Section B: There are 10 blanks in the passage. For each blank, some letters of the word has been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and think of the word which best fits each blank. Use only one word in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.
Autism is a general (76)________ for a group of brain disorders that limit the development of social and communication skills, t m
which (77)________ professionals call autism spectrum disorders. me l
Experts say autism is permanent and cannot be cured. But
there are ways to treat it that they say can (78) ________ the re e
severity, and the academy says the earlier treatment begins,
the(79)________ the results. b r
The medical group released two reports Monday with detailed
information to help doctors (80)________autism. Chris Johnson id y
at the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio was one of the authors, who says doctors should look for signs
of autism when they (81)________ babies at eighteen months and ex e
twenty-four months.
Doctors traditionally (82)________ the possibility of co r
autism only if a child shows delayed (83)________ or unusually sp h
repetitive behaviors. These may be clear signs of it, but they usually do not appear until a child is two or three years old.
Parents could answer a list of written questions about
their baby, and then the doctor could (84) ________ tests as pe m
simple as observing the baby's ability to follow a moving object with its eyes. Experts say failing to watch a moving object may be a sign of autism.
Doctors and parents can also look for behaviors that are normal in babies under one year of age. For example, does the
baby appear to (85)________ to a parent's voice? Does the baby re d
make eye contact? Does the baby wave or point at things?
Part V Translation (15 minutes, 15 marks)
Section A (8 marks)
Directions: Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.
When you talk about China and India's seemingly unstoppable growth, nobody's surprised. After all, the increasing economic strength of the two countries has dominated the news for the past few years. But both China and India face some substantial demographic hurdles to continued expansion. Despite the billion-plus citizens of each country, both may simply lack sufficient qualified workers.
(86) China is a rapidly aging society whose current challenges of unemployment and overpopulation will, within a decade, shift to different problems: labor shortages and an elderly population with too few children. In fact, China may be the first country to go gray before it reaches developed status. The World Bank estimates that by 2020 the mainland will face a lack of even unskilled labor due to aging.
China is already facing a shortage of skilled labor. Construction sites lack welders, skilled machine operators, and plumbers. And a recent report said the country is short some 750,000 managers. Despite a 95% literacy rate among all but the oldest citizens, there are not enough well-educated Chinese. (87) This is in part due to a lack of schools that combine basic theory with
practical skills and a focus on passing the elite university exams. So despite rising salaries, many of those entering China's workforce cannot learn the skills they need.
India seems to have an age advantage, with half its population under 25. In the long run, this gives them the upper hand. But at present, India shares China's problem of an insufficiently educated workforce. Citigroup reports that India's talent pool isn't deep enough to meet demand in industries including textiles, aviation, telecom, retail, and engineering.
By some other measures, both countries look pretty good. China graduates about 1.7 million students from 1,500 colleges and universities annually, of whom 350,000 are engineers. India produces about 3 million college and university graduates, including 440,000 engineers. Those numbers, though, don't tell the whole story. (88) Only 10% to 25% of these graduates are employable by multinationals, and this is only partially because of language challenges, which every human resources executive I've met who works in China or India agrees with.
The source of the problem is cultural. Young people in these countries are highly motivated to study and learn, but only in theory. There is no tradition of practical application. So engineers don't go into operations, factories, or mines, and don't really know the machines and conditions for which they are designing processes. (89) Chinese and Indian students who have just earned BAs want to pursue MBAs right away, and neither they nor their parents understand the value of practical experience. The degree is seen as a trophy, a traditional ticket to higher status.
Section B (7 marks)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
90. 如果你告诉他们真相，你就可以获得这次机会而不被他们误解。(without)
91. 不管多难，我也要及时完成文献翻译。(no matter)
92. 中国在提高农村居民生活水平方面已经取得了很大成绩，这一事实谁也无法否认。(deny)
Part VI IQ Test (5 minutes, 5 marks)
Directions: There are 5 IQ Test questions in this part. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.
93. Live is to Evil just as 5423 is to ________.
94. One half of one quarter of one tenth of 800 is ________.
95. The number that should come next in the series 64, 16, 4, 1, 1/4 is ________.
96. Ann is taller than Jill, and Kelly is taller than Ann. Then we can draw the conclusion that Jill is
definitely ________ Kelly.
97. One boy and a girl caught 40 frogs. Jack caught four times as many as Jen did. The number of frogs caught by Jen was ________.
Part VII Writing (30 minutes, 30 marks)
Task I (10 marks)
Directions: You are required to write a Notice in about 100 words to inform the students and English teachers of a lecture on American Liberal Education by Prof. Gilbert in the English Department Hall. Please write it on the Answer Sheet.
Task II (20 marks)
Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on The Anti-Addiction System. You should write at least 120 words and please write it on the Answer Sheet.
Now in China the anti-addiction system and a “real name checking” system have been adopted in Cyber cafes to prevent players under 18 from becoming addicted to online games. What do students think about this system? What is your opinion about this?
网页设计与制作实例教程
网页设计与制作实例教程 习题答案 第1章网页与网站基础 一、选择题 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 二、判断题 1．√2．×3．√4．×5．√ 三、问答题 略 第2章网页规划设计 一、选择题 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 二、判断题 1．×2．×3．×4．√5．√ 三、问答题 1．答：网站需求分析一般包括三个阶段的内容：网站背景分析、总体需求分析、具体需求分析。（每个阶段可再详细描述。） 2．答：可从以下几个方面来阐述网站设计的原则：①日期、时间和数字；②欢迎词； ③弹出窗口和引导页面；④新闻和公告信息；⑤网址；⑥控件；⑦链接；⑧主页内容 3．答：打开新浪网首页，分析其布局类型。（答案略） 4．答：网页色彩搭配方法可从以下两个方面去阐述：①根据页面风格以及产品本身的诉求确定主色；②根据主色确定配色。 网页色彩搭配技巧可从以下几个方面去阐述：①用一种色彩；②用两种色彩；③用一个色系；④用黑色和一种色彩以及色彩搭配忌讳的方面。 5．答：打开当当网，具体分析其规划过程。（答案略） 第3章初识网页制作软件 一、选择题 1．C 2．C 3．B
二、填空题 1．代码、拆分、设计2．文件、资源、规则3．超级链接 三、操作题 略 第4章制作网页内容 一、选择题 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．ABD 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．A 二、判断题 1．√2．√3．×4．√5．√6．√7．√8．√9．×10．√三、操作题 略 第5章设置网页超级链接 一、选择题 1．D 2．D 3．A 4．D 5． C 二、判断题 1．×2．×3．×4．√5．× 第6章使用CSS样式美化网页 一、选择题 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．D 16．A 17．A 18．B 19．D 20．D 二、简答题 1．×2．×3．×4．×5．×6．×7．√8．×9．√10．√11．×12．×13．×14．√15．√16．√ 第7章规划布局网页 一、选择题 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．D 二、简答题
雅思口语part2话题万能模板：事件类
雅思口语part2话题万能模板：事件类今天三立在线教育雅思网为大家带来的是雅思口语part2话题万能模板：事件类的相关资讯，备考的烤鸭们，赶紧来看看吧！ 首先我们来说说“一件从数学中学到的事情”，拿到这个话题，先不要急着回答，可以用笔稍微构思一下思路，该怎么回答。首先，可以说一下这件事是什么、发生在什么时候，也就是作文中的事件和事件，这里需要注意的就是具体描述一下什么事但是又不能啰嗦累赘，而时间则可以大致概括点明即可。我们就从资料中的例子来说：高中的时候从乘法表中学到的一件事。 然后，要具体叙述一下这件事，即是最重要的部分，发生的地方、牵扯到的人物、以及这件事情影响到你的原因，为什么影响到你…… 资料例子来说：在高中的一次数学竞赛中失败，以至于灰心丧气，甚至对自己产生怀疑，而此时数学老师拿乘法的规则来比喻人生中的失败与成功的关系来鼓励我，以至于我从失败中走出来，从新赢得了下一次的数学竞赛。这件事情使我明白了，生活就如同数学乘法，有无数种可能，多种多样，我们要坦然面对。 而这里的例子看似像我们中文作文中的思路，但是关键在于它表述方式以及用词造句，不能太中式化。这里的重点，就是描述事件经过，即“在高中的一次数学竞赛中失败，以至于灰心丧气，甚至对自己产生怀疑，而此时数学老师拿乘法的规则来比喻人生中的失败与成功的关系来鼓励我，以至于我从失败中走出来，从新赢得了下一次的数学竞赛。”而老师的话则是重中之重，因为他让我明白了道理“生活就如同数学乘法，有无数种可能，多种多样，我们要坦然面对。”也是我深深牢记的原因，以及这件事对我影响深刻的原因。
而最后，只需要简单概括，从这件事中学到的东西即可。其实这个话题思路并不是很难，关键在于烤鸭们的表述以及词汇的积累。 其实，大家都知道事件类话题是雅思口语考试中最简单的、最容易描述，却也是最常见的话题，所以大家要多注意积累素材、思考思路。其实“A way of communication”和“A good parent”这两个话题也可以用这个例子来阐述回答，而最关键的则是把老师的那段话稍作转述即可。例如，“A way of communication”我们可以先描述手机及其性能作用，以及现今的流行趋势，然后从一件事引到交流方式，还是那件事，还是那写话，只不过要突出老师用短信的方式告知我，最后，简单概述手机的用处及好处即可。是不是很简单呢?同样的，“A good parent”只需要根据情况把那些话转述为父母亲对你说的话，已经对你的影响，所以一个模板真的是百用哦! 那么我们赶紧来看看还有哪些话题可以这样转换呢? 多米诺骨牌效应：=Something you learned from math=Something you learned from your family=A piece of advice=A change you had=An important stage in your life=A text message you got=A letter you got=An E-mail you got=A way of communication=An important decision you made=A person who helped you=A kind thing someone did to you=A family member you love talking to=A good parent=An elderly family member=A neighbor=A good friend=A teacher=A science course you took=A subject you love/d at school=Your personality=First day of college=Your experience of getting money as a gift=Your experience of getting congratulations=A person you helped=A thing your friend did made you admire.
雅思口语part2中不建议背诵范文
雅思口语part2中不建议背诵范文 背诵的痕迹如果比较明显在雅思口语中是很不利的，下面一起来看看有哪些需要注意的吧！ 雅思口语part 2中不建议背诵范文 有很多同学常常觉得雅思口语考试从6分到7分是一个不可逾越的鸿沟，其实大家如果能够将自己的语言丰富一些，细节描述更多一些，获得7分以上，还是很有机会的。 对于一些描述性的雅思口语part 2题目，不少同学表示可说的内容比较少，所以在2分钟之内的表达显得干巴巴的，没有什么实质性的东西。事实上，如果能够提升自己对于细节的专注程度，在part 2的考试中能够令人眼前一亮。 我们以“描述你在特殊场合穿着的衣服”这个话题为例。如果仅仅描述一件衣服，那么可说的内容很少。但是如果我们更加专注于如何描述这件衣服的背景和增添一些比较地道的描述，那么实际的效果是大不相同的。仅以下文为例，供广大考生参考。 Describe a piece of clothing you wear on a special occasion Key points：Graduation，school，pink dress，accessory， Actually，in my high school，students are required to wear the school uniforms each day at school. Everyone looks the same to a great extent.【程度的描述】No one's special. So after a while，we all have the similar physical features. Baggy pants，oversized jackets，and big glasses on our faces，【生动的描述】of course【的语序】. Lucky enough【选取比较自然的连接词】，we had a graduation ceremony，and the high school allowed us to wear something casual 【转换词性】on that very day. For this special day，I picked up a really nice dress. My mum and I found it at an elegant shopping mall，which was stunning in the store window.【还是细节描写，而且增添了背景故事】I had my eyes on that dress immediately. It was a pink dress with a black leather belt，which was neither too fancy nor too formal.【加入形容的部分】It boasts an graceful cutting style with a U-neck shape. Somehow，it reminded me of a typical Chanel dress.【加入了西方背景知识】My mum said it might be too mature for my age，but I believe it was OK.【自然
雅思口语万能模板
雅思口语万能模板 今天给大家收集了雅思口语万能模板，快来一起学习吧,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 雅思口语万能模板：自我介绍Sample Sample1: My name is ________. I am graduate from ________ senior high school and major in ________. There are ________ people in my family. My father works in a computer company. And my mother is a housewife. I am the youngest one in my family. In my spare time, I like to read novels. I think reading could enlarge my knowledge. As for novels, I could imagine whatever I like such as a well-known scientist or a kung-fu master. In addition to reading, I also like to play PC games. A lot of grownups think playing PC games hinders the students from learning. But I think PC games could motivate me to learn something such as English or Japanese.My favorite course is English because I think it is interesting to say one thing via different sounds. I wish my English could be improved in the next four years and be able to speak fluent English in the future.
高性能计算、分布式计算、网格计算、云计算概念与区别
高性能计算、分布式计算、网格计算、云计算--概念和区别 《程序员》2009-02 P34 “见证高性能计算21年” 高性能计算（High Performance Computing）HPC是计算机科学的一个分支，研究并行算法和开发相关软件，致力于开发高性能计算机（High Performance Computer）。 分布式计算是利用互联网上的计算机的中央处理器的闲置处理能力来解决大型计算问题的一种计算科学。 网格计算也是一种分布式计算。网格计算的思路是聚合分布资源，支持虚拟组织，提供高层次的服务，例如分布协同科学研究等。网格计算更多地面向科研应用，商业模型不清晰。网格计算则是聚合分散的资源，支持大型集中式应用（一个大的应用分到多处执行）。 云计算(Cloud Computing)是分布式处理(Distributed Computing)、并行处理(Parallel Computing)和网格计算(Grid Computing)的发展，或者说是这些计算机科学概念的商业实现。云计算的资源相对集中，主要以数据中心的形式提供底层资源的使用，并不强调虚拟组织（VO）的概念。云计算从诞生开始就是针对企业商业应用，商业模型比较清晰。云计算是以相对集中的资源，运行分散的应用（大量分散的应用在若干大的中心执行）；
目录 高性能计算、分布式计算、网格计算、云计算--概念和区别 (1) 高性能计算 (3) 百科名片 (3) 概念 (3) 服务领域 (3) 网格 (5) 百科名片 (5) 网格的产生 (5) 网格技术的特征及其体系结构 (5) 高性能计算机的发展与应用 (17) 我国高性能计算机应用前景及发展中的问题 (17) 高性能计算机与大众生活息息相关 (17) 高性能计算机发展任重道远 (18) 分布式计算、网格计算和云计算 (21) 分布式计算 (21) 网格计算 (21) 云计算 (22) 网格计算和云计算的概念和区别 (24) 目标不同 (24) 分配资源方式的不同 (25) 殊途同归 (26) 钱德沛教授：云计算和网格计算差别何在？ (27) 云计算与网格计算的概念 (27) 网格计算的特点是什么呢？ (27) 云计算与网格计算区别何在 (28)
★雅思口语万能连接词
小黑雅思口语万能连接词地点描述 Like I’m fairly keen on… I’m really into… I’m quite a big fan of… I simply adore… I’m quite enthusiastic/passionate about… I generally prefer…to… I’m pretty fond of … I’m totally mad about… I’m obsessed with… I’m fascinated by… dislike I’m not so keen on… I’m really not that fond of … I’m not much of a fan of… I really cant stand… 迅速回答 Well, actually… Sure, obviously… Ok, certainly… Of course, you know… Of course, it goes without saying that…不确定 I think I would have to say that it really depends. Well, quite honestly I don’t think I’ve ever thought about hat, but I guess…Actually, this isn’t something that I’ve ever considered, but in short… I’m not really sure how to put this, but I suppose generally speaking… 种类 There’s quite a mixed variety of …There’s quite a wide range of… There’s fairly broad range of… There’s quite an extensive diversityof …There’s quite a diverse mixture of… 虚拟语气 If I lived in Mediterranean, I would/could/might…… 假设 If …, then I will most likely do….
分享常用的雅思口语句型模版
分享常用的雅思口语句型模版 本文三立在线老师为大家整理了一些雅思口语模板句型，希望同学们都能取得好成绩。 I get up at six o''clock.我六点起床。 I meet the boss himself.我见到了老板本人。 I owe you for my dinner.我欠你晚餐的钱。 I really enjoyed myself.我玩得很开心。 I''m fed up with my work !我对工作烦死了! It''s no use complaining.发牢骚没什么用。 She''s under the weather.她心情不好。 The child sobbed sadly. 小孩伤心地抽泣着。 The rumor had no basis. 那谣言没有根据。 They praised him highly.他们大大地表扬了他。 Winter is a cold season.冬天是一个寒冷的季节。 You can call me any time. 你可以随时打电话给我。 What shall we do tonight?我们今天晚上去干点儿什么呢? What''s your goal in life?你的人生目标是什么? When was the house built?这幢房子是什么时候建造的? Why did you stay at home?为什么呆在家里? Would you like some help?需要什么帮助吗?
You mustn''t aim too high你不可好高骛远。 You''re really killing me!真是笑死我了! You''ve got a point there. 你说得挺有道理的。 Being criticized is awful !被人批评真是痛苦! 15 divided by 3 equals 5.15 除以3 等于5. All for one ，one for all.我为人人，人人为我。 East，west，home is best. 金窝，银窝，不如自己的草窝。 He grasped both my hands. 他紧握住我的双手。 He is physically mature.他身体已发育成熟。 I am so sorry about this. 对此我非常抱歉(遗憾)。 以上是三立在线老师带来的关于分享常用的雅思口语句型模版的详细内容，希望各位考生能从中受益，并不断改进自己的备考方法提升备考效率，从而获得理想的考试成绩。
网页制作基础教程
网页制作基础教程 一、什么是HTML HTML（超文本标记语言）是网页中使用的语言，他能被网页浏览器（IE或Netscape）解释，从而显示出丰富多彩的信息（图片、文字、声音、影象、动画等）。 制作网页前首先要弄懂什么是HTML。 在IE中点击"查看"→"源文档"，就能看到该网页的HTML代码。下面是个网页文档（model.htm）的HTML代码：
第一段文字。
第二段文字。
【操作】请在记事本中输入以上代码，命名为test1.htm，存于D盘，然后双击打开看看。 标记一般是成对出现的，#FFFFFF表示使用的颜色是白色。 .........
之间是h1号标题字...
之间是h2号标题字 ...之间的文字为红色 HTML是一套国际标准，其标记有几百种，您并无需全部了解他们，只要记住其中常用的十几种，就能够做出很漂亮的网页来。 常用的标记举例：万能雅思口语话题高分模板句
万能雅思口语话题高分模板句今天三立在线教育雅思网为大家带来的是万能雅思口语话题高分模板句的相关资讯，备考的烤鸭们，赶紧来看看吧！ 遇到口语新题卡壳时，你需要这些句子 1. This is a tough question. I have never heard about it, nor have I ever read about it (倒装句丰富句型). 2. Give me a few seconds for me to search every piece of information in my head now. 3. It is an abstract question. I know little about it. 4. Are you asking me something about+你重复一下句子中的关键词…? 5. Have I given enough information? It would be great if you could give me more. 6. Am I making myself clear? 7. Now you want me to talk about it. But I don't have too much to say. 8. Give me a few seconds for me to organize my thought a little bit. 遇到话题来不及思考是，你需要一些简单过渡词 如果你不需要这么长的思考时间，你可以说这些简单的过渡词： 1.“well” 2.“you know” 3.“actually”
雅思口语万能模板
Part1 介绍自己的姓名： My Chinese name is Ma Jiantong .which was given by my father , meaning a health &strong body 介绍学校： I am a student major in science in No 2 senior school in Mu Danjiang which is famous in HLJ province 介绍家乡： Just before a few days there are 5 people in my family , but now, there only 4 . I would like to say it is really a typical chinese family ,namely my grandmother ,my parents and I . my grandmother was a worker is retired. My father is a middle school teacher and he has been teaching English for approximately 30 years . my mother was once a chemist ,is also retired and I am a senior high student preparing the college entrance examination . my grandfather just pasted away .which means that I have a clear ,distinct memory of him . 关于“我喜欢”的表达： 1. There are a lot of ….;but …..being my favorite all the time . 2. I am really keen on… 3. I am passionate a bout….. 开头句： 1. Well in general I would say that…. 2. Well to be honest I would really to say tha…. 3. Certainly I would definite say that…. 连接词： 1. to be more accurate 2. in addition to this … 3. I suppose the reason has something to do with the f act that…. 关于“类型”的回答： 1. There is quite a wide range of….. 2. There is quite an extensive diversity of… 3. I assume …. are so + adj. because……. Part 2 卡片上的问题回答要有顺序，在用铅笔标明信息时，应该注明所要叙述的要点，越简洁越好，另外要选好时态 开场语句： 1. All right then , in response to the first question of …… 2. Initially then ,I would like to get started by look at….. 回答第二题： 1. Continuing then with the next point of… 2. Now with regard to the next question of…… 回答第三题： 1. Moving onto the business of…… 2. Drawing attention to the matter of…. 3. What I would like to make clear is that….
网格计算论文
网格之数据管理 中文摘要：网格是把地理位置上分散的资源集成起来的一种基础设施。网格上的资源包括计算机、集群、计算机池、仪器、设备、传感器、存储设施、数据、软件等实体，另外，这些实体工作时需要的相关软件和数据也属于网格资源。数据是网格中的一种重要资源，具有可复制、可移动、可压缩、可加密等特性。网格上许多数据的数据量非常大，且通常为分布式存储，需要专门的管理机制来管理网格上的数据，如数据传输、数据存储、副本管理等。 关键词：数据管理；数据资源；缓存；数据传输；副本； 1网格概述 网格是把地理位置上分散的资源集成起来的一种基础设施。通过这种基础设施，用户不需要了解这个基础设施上资源的具体细节就可以使用自己需要的资源。分布式资源和通信网络是网格的物理基础，网格上的资源包括计算机、集群、计算机池、仪器、设备、传感器、存储设施、数据、软件等实体，另外，这些实体工作时需要的相关软件和数据也属于网格资源。《网格：一种未来计算基础设施蓝图》[1]一书中把网格描述为：“网格是构筑在互联网上的一组新兴技术，它将高速互联网、计算机、大型数据库、传感器、远程设备等融为一体，为科技人员和普通老百姓提供更多的资源、功能和服务。 2网格中的数据管理 众多的科学和工程应用计算都需要处理大量的数据，需要处理的数据量级可达1012 B 或1015 B 数量级。像天气预报的计算、飞机模型的计算、流场计算等领域都是把连续变量离散化，用差商来代替微商进行计算的。计算问题的精度要求越高，变量离散的区间越小，计算的数据量也就越大。这类问题的求解一般都需要访问和存储大量的数据。 应用领域中不仅一个程序需要访问大量的数据，不同的程序之间也需要传输大量的数据。常见的数据分析应用程序和可视化显示的应用程序需要访问在地理位置上分布的大量数据，其数据量达到了109 B 甚至1012 B 数量级。 虽然数据也是一种资源，但它有自己不同于其他资源的特点。 ①其他资源的用途由资源提供者或资源本身的构造来决定，但数据资源在访问控制权限许可的情况下，其用途由数据请求者决定，应用可以对数据可视化，也可以对数据加密，还可以进行过滤和统计等其他处理。 ②数据资源具有可无限复制的特点。合法用户发送一个请求，一份数据就可以被复制成请求指定的多个备份，这个操作只需要得到管理机构的许可，几乎不需要什么代价。 ③数据可以创建副本。当一个用户请求该数据时，网格管理机构需要在原始数据以及它的多个备份中间选择一个合适的数据副本提供给用户使用。 ④数据资源可以被缓存，其他资源则不可以。用户被授权使用一个数据资源时，可以在本地或距离使用点近的范围中缓存该资源，当以后需要再次使用该资源时，只要访问本地缓存的该资源就可以了。
雅思口语范文
雅思口语范文 雅思口语考题基本上是五大原则：人，物，地点，事件，媒体。 T：在讲五大原则任何一个的时候，务必把这个原则与你联系在一起，开头的时候有个主题句，通过这句话引入下面的支持观点，这个主题句可以通过一到两句话来完成，但最好是对你有影响的。描述这个人---对你有影响;描述这个物----对你有意义;描述这个地点---对你有回忆等等。。。 S：支持观点，在这里要注意，我相信很多同学都会用观点来支持自己，但太过于白话文，大部分用例子来支撑，部分考生喜欢用For example，First , se condly, last but not the least来讲分论点，但这样给考官的感觉是在背作文，而不是真正的口语。在S这的观点一般是需要比较正式点的语言，每讲的一句话最好不少于5个单词以下，但最好不超过5句话。过渡词用什么好呢?最好用well , also , actually ,as a matter of fact , you know 等等词。 E：当然就是找到支持观点的例子，恰当的例子，但是字数不能过多，要简练。 以上就是这篇雅思口语万能模板的主要内容，大家可能会觉得这个模板过于简单，但是这是一个非常有用的模板，也是在论述一个话题的时候最有用的论述方法，尤其是对于雅思口语第二部分的答题很有帮助！下面小编就此模板给大家整理了16篇较为经典的范文，希望大家仔细斟酌，化为己用！ 经典范文 1.Describe a sport you are good at: Tennis I would like to talk about tennis, which is my best love among a ll the popular sports. Tennis is popular all over the world, especially
雅思口语问答模版大全——口语Topic问答模版
口语Topic问答模版（04考生严重参考） Q: Describe the best present/gift you have received Requirement: Who send it? When did you receive it? Detail information about the present. A: I have a Japanese friend. His name is Naoki Watanabe. I met him in Guangdong Sanyo company in 2001. We worked together there for 3 months. Last year, he visited me in golden week.He gave me the Walkman which is made in Sony in Japan. I use it for listening to English. It is small and delicate(exquisite ,fine),it is just as sa me as casette tapes. The color is light purple and it has a very clear voice. He told me that the price of walkman was 10,000 yen.(t en thousand yen,about90 U.S dollars) It helps me a lot for improving my English. I usually take it with me to listen to English after work . Q: In China, when will people send the present? A: In China, firstly, people send gifts on special holidays, such as in Spring festival, we got red bags with money, clothes from relat ive, which means that we got a next year's good luck again, in a friend’s birthday, we usually give a gift to him or her, the birthday gif t includes birthday card, flower, new clothes and decorations, secondl y when close friends will part, they will give some souvenir gifts each other for happy memories of their friendship. Q: Compare the gift which people have received 10 years ago to the present that people now are receiving, what's the difference between them? A: Ten years ago, the gifts people received were simpler and cheaper ,but nowadays they are pretty fine by appearance, higher quality, m ore beautiful packaging I think people will send flowers as gifts, T hey are beautiful and cool, especially flowers can be used in all a spects both good thing and bad thing. Q:Describe an interesting building What is the interesting building in you country/city? What is it located? What is used for? Explain why you think it is the most interesting? A:I am from Foshan. In my city, there is an interesting building wh ose name is Baihua plaza.It is located in the center of my city It has 65 storeies, and is the highest building in my city.It is use
《从网格计算到云计算》
金海：大家好，我是金海，华中科技大学计算机学院的。今天想和大家分享的是从网格计算到云计算——虚拟化的探索与实践。 我的演讲主要分为几个方面： 1、网格计算和云计算 2、计算系统虚拟化基础理论与方法研究973项目简介 3、桌面虚拟化技术实践 4、最后进行一个小的总结 什么是网格计算呢？动态多机构虚拟组织中的资源共享和协同问题求解。 下面我先说一下网格计算的本质： 1、资源异构 2、多机构 3、虚拟组织 4、以科学计算为主 5、采用高性能计算机 6、问题求解环境紧耦合 说到云计算大家比较喜欢，现在没有非常权威的专家说，云计算是什么样的定义，虚拟的资源把它变成一种服务，这就叫做云计算，从这个定义本身来看，你可以看出，云计算它的本质是什么呢？我们比较一下网络计算，我们就给出云计算这几个本质。 第一，云计算并不强调资源，首先在构建领域资源的时候，它是由机构来进行构件，就是它自己的一个云计算平台。云计算是以现在从这几年比较热的虚拟经济。WAS上面各种包括视频共享网站，等等各种它都有很多的商业应用。对云计算来说，并不强调某一个云计算中心我需要非常强大的超级计算机，座谈早上李院士在报告当中就说得非常清楚，云计算是以普通的服务器械集群，作为它的一个基本共享单元。通过大量的分散在各个地方的这种服务器集群，来完成它
的服务。所以从我们在整个计算机体系结构这个角度来看，有分故事系统的一种集中的管理。它需要把这些资源分布在各个地方。 另外，它是采用是普通服务器集群，分在各个不同地方，因此是一种松耦合环境下的处理，就是在松耦合环境下做海量处理的处理方式，变成一种环境，这是云计算的一个本质。 说到虚拟化这是云计算的一个基础的基础，大家谈云计算跟网络计算，在技术层面上有甚么最基础的差异，虚拟化怎么来定义，因为很早就有虚拟化，虚拟化本身就是把底层物理设和上层的操作化，或者上层的软件进行分离的一种去耦合技术，各个层面做各个层面的工作，大家不要捆绑在一起，它希望能够把它进行去耦合，目的就是为了实现信息资源的利用效率和灵活性的最大化。 大家也知道，在云计算出来之前，我们大量集群的时候，它的利用率其实是非常低的，其原因就在于各个机器都采用单一的集群，比如E—mail服务器，每个服务器它的峰值是不一样的，因此会带来整个系统利用率非常不均衡，平均利用率会非常低。我们采用虚拟化技术以后，就可以把这些资源整合在一台机器上，或者相邻的一些机器上，来提高它的利用效率和灵活性的最大化，这就是虚拟化的基础。 说起虚拟化，本来昨天还想公布，我们CSDN这本杂志，网上评的云计算十大事件，我们就没有公布。后来追诉虚拟化历史是可以追溯到1959年，ifip这个组织大家很多人都不知道，这几年这个组织影响力比较小，对ifip这个组织部知道，其实ifip这是非常老的组织，是1959年在奥地利的维也纳成立的一个叫国际信息化联合组织，这个组织它有一个非常大的会议，就是是全世界计算机大会，成立于2000年的时候这个大会是在中国举行，当时国家主席江泽民亲自到场。当时1959年成立ifip的时候，有一篇文章就是再讲。这片文章就是后来虚拟化的基础，一也是操作系统的一个基础，当时是因为资源不够，所以采用共识的方法用一个CPU的资源，当时虚拟化是这种目的，但是现在虚拟化是因为我们资源太多了，这么多的资源怎么样有效的利用这个虚拟化资源，这是虚拟化最早的一个历史。
轻松搞定雅思口语part1的万能答题模板
轻松搞定雅思口语part1的万能答题模板 PART1回答到底需要多长才合适?什么样的问题需要说多一些，什么样的问题需要说少一些?PART2的已经那么多内容要准备了，PART1可不能够偷工减料? 其实，PART1的关键点是：既要有所拓展，让考官看到你的语言水平;也要控制自己，不要那么快就长篇大论! 谈个人感受 烤鸭们在回答任何问题的时候，都能够结合自身的喜好或者是感受来回答，问题越是简单，你能够回答的内容范围就越广，毕竟我们都是博爱的人! Q： What do you like to do in yourspare time? A： My favourite leisure activityis shopping, because I love trying on new clothes and I always feel moreconfident when I’m wearing a new outfit. 转折 说到拓展，其实最简单的一个办法就先but一个再说，尤其是在自己不知道要说啥的时候，but了之后，绝对思路就会变得开阔一些!因为无论你上一句话是什么，后面接的绝对是和前面相反的东西。但是注意别扯太远，讲的内容要和题目相关! Q： How long have you worked there? A：I’ve worked there for threeyears, but I’m thinking about trying a different line of work next year. 结合细节
烤鸭们给了一个宽泛的回答之后，千万不能就结束了，能够往你的回答里添加一些很细节的东西。但是，千万别偏题了~ Q： Do you live in a flat or ahouse? A： I live in a house with my twobrothers and my mum. It's got three bedrooms, a huge living room and a spaciouskitchen. 对比过去 无论考官问到什么内容，烤鸭都能够通过对比过去来拓展。问到喜好，你就说现在喜欢什么，但是其实我过去更爱什么。比如音乐，能够说过去喜欢country music , 现在更爱pop music. 不过，烤鸭要注意答案的时态问题! Q： Do you play sport? A： Yes, I do. I used to lovebasketball, but now I play football more because that’s what my friends areinto. 聊未来 说完过去，当然也能够说到未来咯!人是会持续变化的嘛，就算我现在还是学生，我也总会毕业的一天。同样，烤鸭在使用这个拓展方法的时候也要注意时态，“will”“be + going to ”等等之类的将来时相关的词汇要学会灵活使用。 Q： Do you work or are you astudent? A：I’m at university at themoment, but I’m gonna graduate next year and hopefully I'll get a job in advertising. 谈原因