中考英语语篇分析

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中考英语语篇分析

作者：罗君香

来源：《中学生英语·中考指导版》2015年第03期

通过对最近几年各地中考英语试卷的分析，命题的导向已非常明确，那就是：坚持“突出语篇、强调应用、注重交际” 这一出题原则，把测试重点定位到语篇上，且阅读理解在试卷中的占分比例皆在30%以上。因此，做好阅读理解题是考试获得好成绩的关键之所在。语篇题材形式多种多样，内容丰富多彩。其特点是时代气息浓，贴近学生生活和学习，可读性强，理解难度较高。但不管怎样变化，怎样复杂，都离不开语篇内容的载体——体裁形式。因此，掌握语篇体裁形式的特点对理清语篇的脉络结构、读懂和透彻理解语篇的意思、做好阅读理解题起着至关重要的作用。

目前英语考试语篇的体裁形式主要有以下四种：记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文（信函、请柬、通知、便条、表格、图表、广告、图示和标志等）。

[记叙文]

记叙文的特点是依据时间、地点、人物、事件发展变化为主线来记人、叙事、写景、状物的一种文体。阅读时主要抓四大要素，即时间、地点、人物和事件的发展进程、结果，以及人物之间的关系和在该时间发展进程中的表现等，从中分析他们的思想品质、性格特征、故事发展进程和结果等。下面以2012年武汉市中考英语阅读理解A篇为例进行分析：

阅读下列材料，从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

One afternoon I toured an art museum while waiting for my husband to finish a business meeting.

I was looking forward to a quiet view of the art works.

A young couple viewing the paintings ahead of me chatted nonstop between themselves. I watched them a moment and found the wife doing all the talk. I admired the husband’s patience for putting up with her continuous talk. Distracted by their noise， I moved on.

I met with them several times as I moved through the different rooms of art. Each time I heard her constant burst of words， I moved away quickly.

I was standing at the counter of the museum gift shop making a purchase when the couple came near to the exit. Before they left， the man reached into his pocket and pulled out a white object. He extended it into a long stick and then tapped his way into the coatroom to get his wife’s jacket.

“He’s a brave man.” The clerk at the c ounter said，“Most of us would give up if we were blinded at such a young age. During his recovery he made a promise that his life wouldn’t change. So， as before，he and his wife come in whenever there’s a new art show.”